Ikingo rya Poliovirus (Itagira ubushobozi): Ibikoreshwa, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti n'ibindi

Urukingo rwa poliovirus (rutagira ubushobozi) ni urukingo rwizewe kandi rukora neza cyane rurinda wowe n'umuryango wawe indwara ya polio, indwara ikomeye ishobora gutera ubumuga buhoraho. Urukingo rukubiyemo virusi ya polio yishwe ifasha umubiri wawe kwiga kurwanya virusi nyayo itaguteye uburwayi.

Polio yahoze ari indwara iteye ubwoba yibasira ibihumbi by'abana n'abantu bakuru ku isi hose. Kubera inkingo zikwirakwije, polio yavanyweho mu bihugu byinshi, harimo n'Amerika kuva mu 1979.

Ikingo rya Poliovirus (Itagira ubushobozi) ni iki?

Urukingo rwa poliovirus rutagira ubushobozi (IPV) ni urukingo rukubiyemo ubwoko butatu bwa poliovirus bwishwe hakoreshejwe imiti. Izi virusi zapfuye ntizishobora gutera ubwandu ariko zigafasha umubiri wawe kumenya no kurwanya polio.

Urukingo rwitwa kandi urukingo rwa Salk, rwitiriwe Dr. Jonas Salk wari warukoreye mu myaka ya za 1950. Bitandukanye n'urukingo rwa polio rukoreshwa mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, IPV itangwa nk'urukingo kandi ntirushobora gutera indwara ya polio mu bihe byose.

Urukingo rukora mugihe ruzana umubiri wawe na virusi ya polio muburyo bwizewe rwose. Umubiri wawe ukora imbaraga zo kurwanya indwara kandi ukubaka ubudahangarwa buzakurinda niba wigeze guhura na virusi nyayo.

Ikiro rya Poliovirus (Itagira ubushobozi) gikoreshwa kubera iki?

Intego nyamukuru y'uru rukingo ni ukurinda polio, indwara iterwa na virusi ishobora gutera ubumuga buhoraho ndetse no gupfa. Polio ikunda kwibasira abana bari munsi yimyaka 5, ariko nabantu bakuru barashobora kwandura.

Urukingo ni kimwe mubikingo bisanzwe byabana kandi bikaba byemewe kubana bose nabantu bakuru batarakingiwe. Bifite akamaro cyane cyane kubantu bajya ahantu hakigaragara polio, nkibice bya Afganistan na Pakisitani.

Abakozi bo mu rwego rw'ubuzima, abakozi bo muri laboratwari bakora ku byerekeye ibizamini bya polio, n'abajya mu turere dufite ibyago byinshi bashobora gukenera inkingo zongera kugira ngo bakomeze kurindwa. Urwo rukingo rutangwa kandi ku bantu bakuru batabonye inkingo zihagije bakiri abana.

Uko urukingo rwa Poliovirus (rutagira ubuzima) rukora

Uru rukingo rukora mu kwigisha umubiri wawe kumenya no kurwanya virusi ya polio bitabangamiye indwara nyirizina. Iyo uhabwa urukingo, umubiri wawe ufata za virusi zishwe nk'abantu b'abanyamahanga ukora imbaraga zirwanya izo virusi.

Uru rukingo rufatwa nk'urukingo rukomeye cyane kandi rugira akamaro, rutanga uburinzi bwiza iyo rutanzwe hakurikijwe gahunda isabwa. Nyuma yo kurangiza urukurikirane rwose, uzagira ubudahangarwa busanzwe bumara imyaka myinshi, ahari ubuzima bwose.

Umubiri wawe wibuka uko warwanya polio ndetse nyuma y'imyaka myinshi yo gukingirwa binyuze mu nzego zidasanzwe zizwi nka selile zibuka. Niba wigeze guhura na virusi ya polio nzima, izo selile zikora vuba imbaraga zirwanya indwara kugira ngo zirinde kwandura.

Nkwiriye gufata urukingo rwa Poliovirus (rutagira ubuzima) nte?

Urukingo rwa poliovirus rutangwa nk'urushinge mu mikaya, akenshi mu kaboko kawe k'igice cyo hejuru cyangwa mu itako. Umuganga azaguha uru rukingo buri gihe - ntushobora kurufata uri mu rugo.

Ntabwo ukeneye kurya ikintu cyihariye mbere cyangwa nyuma yo guhabwa urukingo. Urashobora guhabwa urushinge urya cyangwa utarya, kandi nta mbogamizi z'imirire zihari. Kunywa amazi menshi nyuma yo gukingirwa ni igitekerezo cyiza buri gihe kugira ngo ugume ufite amazi ahagije mu mubiri.

Aho urushinge rwashyizwe hashobora kumva hababaza umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri, bityo urashobora gushyiraho akatambaro gakonje kandi gitose kugira ngo ugabanye kutumva neza. Irinde guhukura cyangwa gukanda aho urushinge rwashyizwe, kuko ibi bishobora kongera kubabara.

Urashobora gufata acetaminophen cyangwa ibuprofen niba wumva ububabare cyangwa umuriro nyuma yo gukingirwa. Ariko, banza uganire n'umuganga wawe mbere yo guha iyi miti abana bato.

Nkwiriye gufata urukingo rwa Poliovirus (rutagira ubuzima) igihe kingana iki?

Urukingo rwa poliovirus rukurikiza gahunda yihariye aho gutangwa buri gihe nk'imiti ya buri munsi. Ku bana, urukurikirane rwuzuye rurimo doze enye zitangwa ku mezi 2, amezi 4, amezi 6-18, n'imyaka 4-6 y'amavuko.

Abantu bakuru batigeze gukingirwa bakeneye doze eshatu: doze ya mbere, ikurikirwa na doze ya kabiri nyuma y'ukwezi kumwe cyangwa abiri, na doze ya gatatu nyuma y'amezi 6-12 nyuma ya doze ya kabiri. Abantu bakuru benshi barangije gukingirwa mu bwana ntibakeneye izindi doze.

Abantu bamwe bashobora gukenera doze zongera imbaraga bitewe n'ibintu bibashyira mu kaga. Abakozi bo mu buvuzi bakora ku byerekeye polio n'abajya mu turere turimo polio bashobora gukenera izindi doze kugira ngo bakomeze kurindwa.

Umuvuzi wawe azagena gahunda ikwiriye kuri wowe bitewe n'imyaka yawe, amateka yo gukingirwa, n'ibintu bigushyira mu kaga. Kurangiza urukurikirane rwuzuye ni ngombwa kugira ngo urindwe neza na polio.

Ni izihe ngaruka ziterwa n'urukingo rwa poliovirus (rutagira ubushobozi)?

Abantu benshi bahura gusa n'ingaruka zoroheje ziterwa n'urukingo rwa poliovirus, kandi ibisubizo bikomeye ni bike cyane. Urukingo rufite umutekano mwiza hamwe n'imyaka myinshi yo gukoreshwa neza ku isi hose.

Ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo zirimo kubabara gake, gutukura, cyangwa kubyimba ahatewe urukingo. Izi ngaruka ni ibimenyetso bisanzwe byerekana ko umubiri wawe urimo gusubiza urukingo kandi akenshi bikemuka mu minsi mike.

Dore ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora kubona:

• Urubavu, gutukura, cyangwa kubyimba aho urukingo rwatangiwe
• Urubavu ruto (akenshi rutarenze 101°F)
• Kugira umujinya muke cyangwa kwishima ku bana
• Kugira umunaniro cyangwa kumva utameze neza

Izi ngaruka zoroheje zigaragara akenshi mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri nyuma yo gukingirwa kandi zikemuka zonyine nta kuvurwa.

Ingaruka zikomeye ntizikunze kubaho ariko zishobora kwerekanamo ibimenyetso bikomeye byo kwivumbura ku mubiri. Nubwo bidasanzwe cyane, abantu bamwe bashobora guhura n’ingaruka zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bw’abaganga.

Dore ingaruka zikomeye ariko zidasanzwe zo kwitondera:

• Kwivumbura gukomeye ku mubiri (kubura umwuka, kubyimba mu maso cyangwa mu muhogo)
• Urugero rwo hejuru rwa feveri rurenze 103°F
• Kurira bikomeje ku bana barenze amasaha 3
• Kugira ibibazo byo gufatwa n'indwara cyangwa guhinda umushyitsi
• Urubavu rukomeye cyangwa kutagira ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ukuboko

Niba ubonye izi ngaruka zikomeye, genda vuba kwa muganga. Kwivumbura gukomeye ku mubiri bikunze kubaho nyuma y’iminota mike urikingije.

Ninde utagomba guhabwa urukingo rwa poliovirus (rutagira ubushobozi)?

Abantu benshi bashobora kwikingiza poliovirus, ariko abantu bamwe bagomba kubyirinda cyangwa gutinda kwikingiza. Umuganga wawe azasuzuma amateka yawe y’ubuzima kugira ngo amenye niba urukingo rukwiriye kuri wowe.

Abantu bagize kwivumbura gukomeye ku rukingo rwa polio rwa mbere ntibagomba guhabwa izindi doze. Ibi birimo kwivumbura ku kintu icyo aricyo cyose kigize urukingo, nk'imiti imwe ikoreshwa mu gukora urukingo.

Niba urwaye cyangwa urwaye cyane, umuganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gutegereza kugeza ubonye amagara mbere yo kwikingiza. Indwara ntoya nk'inkorora ntizisanzwe zisaba gutinda kwikingiza.

Dore ibihe ugomba kuganiraho n’umuganga wawe ku gihe cyo kwikingiza:

• Uburwayi bukomeye buherekejwe na feveri
• Umutekano w’umubiri wacitse intege bitewe n’indwara cyangwa imiti
• Kuvurwa amaraso vuba aha cyangwa kuvurwa imiti y’umubiri
• Gusama (nubwo IPV ifatwa nk'umutekano mugihe cyo gutwita niba bikenewe)

Umuganga wawe ashobora gufasha kumenya igihe cyiza cyo kwikingiza hashingiwe ku miterere yawe bwite n’ubuzima bwawe.

Umuti w’inkingo ya Poliovirus (Itagaburwa) Amazina y’ubwoko

Umuti w’inkingo ya poliovirus itagaburwa uboneka ku izina ry’ubwoko rya IPOL muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika. Uyu muti w’inkingo ukorwa na Sanofi Pasteur kandi ni wo muti w’inkingo wa IPV wemerewe gukoreshwa muri Amerika.

Mu bindi bihugu, ushobora guhura n’amazina y’ubwoko atandukanye y’umuti w’inkingo wa poliovirus itagaburwa. Ariko, inkingo zose za IPV zikora kimwe kandi zitanga uburinzi bungana na polio.

Umuti w’inkingo akenshi utangwa nk’igice cy’inkingo zihuriza hamwe zirinda indwara nyinshi. Izi nkingo zihuriza hamwe zirimo DTaP-IPV (diphtheria, tetanusi, pertussis, na polio) na DTaP-IPV-Hib (ikubiyemo na Haemophilus influenzae type b).

Umuti w’inkingo ya Poliovirus (Itagaburwa) Ibindi bisimbura

Umuti w’inkingo ya poliovirus itagaburwa (IPV) ni wo muti w’inkingo wa polio ukoreshwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika no mu bihugu byinshi byateye imbere. Nta kindi gisimbura IPV niba ushaka kurengerwa na polio.

Ibihugu bimwe biracyakoresha umuti w’inkingo ya poliovirus yo mu kanwa (OPV), urimo virusi nzima ariko zorohejwe. Ariko, OPV ntikoreshwa muri Amerika kuko ifite akaga gato ko gutera polio mu bihe bidasanzwe.

Niba ufite impungenge zo guterwa urushinge, urashobora kuganira impungenge zawe n’umuganga wawe. Bashobora gufasha gukemura ubwoba ubwo aribwo bwose kandi bakemeza ko wumva umeze neza uko bishoboka kose mugihe cyo gukingirwa.

Nta bindi bisimbura bisanzwe cyangwa imiti ya homeopathic ishobora gusimbura inkingo zo gukumira polio. Umuti w’inkingo uracyari wo buryo bwonyine bwiza bwo kwirinda wowe n’abaturanyi bawe kuri iyi ndwara ikomeye.

Ese Umuti w’inkingo ya Poliovirus (Itagaburwa) uruta umuti w’inkingo ya polio yo mu kanwa?

Umuti w’inkingo ya poliovirus itagaburwa (IPV) ifatwa nk’umutekano kurusha umuti w’inkingo ya polio yo mu kanwa (OPV) kuko ntishobora gutera polio mu bihe byose. IPV irimo virusi yapfuye idashobora kwiyongera cyangwa gutera indwara.

Mugihe urukingo rwa OPV rufite ibyiza byarwo, nko korohereza gutanga no gutanga ubudahangarwa mu mara, rutera ibyago bito cyane byo gutera indwara ya polio iterwa n'urukingo. Ibi byago nibyo bituma ibihugu byinshi byateye imbere byimukira kuri IPV.

IPV itanga uburinzi bwiza cyane kuri polio kandi yakoreshejwe neza mu gukuraho polio mu bice byinshi by'isi. Ubudahangarwa buturuka kuri IPV burakomeye kandi burambye, akenshi butanga uburinzi bw'imyaka myinshi.

Urukingo rwombi rufite akamaro mu gukumira polio, ariko IPV nicyo gihitamo cyiza mu bihugu aho polio yakuweho kubera umutekano wayo uruta uwo.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Ku Rukingo rwa Poliovirus (Rutashemo)

Ese urukingo rwa poliovirus rurabereye abantu barwaye indwara zidakira?

Yego, urukingo rwa poliovirus rutashyemo rusanzwe rworohereza abantu barwaye indwara zidakira nka diyabete, indwara z'umutima, cyangwa indwara z'ibihaha. Mubyukuri, abantu barwaye indwara zidakira bashobora kuba bafite ibyago byinshi byo guhura n'ingorane ziterwa na polio, bituma gukingirwa birushaho kuba ingenzi.

Niba ufite ubudahangarwa bwagabanutse kubera indwara cyangwa imiti, ugomba guhabwa urukingo, ariko ntushobora guteza imbere ubudahangarwa bukomeye. Umuganga wawe ashobora kumenya niba ukeneye doze zinyongera cyangwa gukurikiranwa byihariye.

Nigute nagomba gukora niba mbonye doze nyinshi z'urukingo rwa poliovirus?

Kwaka doze zinyongera z'urukingo rwa poliovirus ntibiteje akaga kandi ntizitera ingaruka zikomeye. Urukingo rufite umutekano mwiza, kandi doze zinyongera zitanga gusa uburinzi bwiyongereye ntizongera ibyago.

Ariko, ugomba kumenyesha umuganga wawe kuri doze zose zinyongera ushobora kuba warabonye. Barashobora kuvugurura amateka yawe yo gukingirwa no kumenya niba ukeneye doze zinyongera mu gihe kizaza.

Niba utazi neza amateka yawe yo gukingirwa, umuganga wawe ashobora gukora ibizamini by'amaraso kugirango arebe urwego rw'ubudahangarwa bwawe aho gutanga doze zitari ngombwa.

Ninkora iki niba nsubijeho urukingo rwa poliovirus?

Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mwasubijeho urukingo rwa poliovirus, vugana n'umuganga wawe kugira ngo musubizeho gahunda vuba bishoboka. Ntabwo bisaba gutangira urukurikirane rwa mbere, hatitawe ku gihe cyashize.

Umuganga wawe azakomeza urukurikirane rw'inkingo aho mwahagaze. Igihe gihagije hagati y'inkingo ni ingenzi kugira ngo urinde neza, ariko gutinda ntibigabanya imikorere y'urukingo.

Guma ufite amakuru y'inkingo zawe agezweho kandi uyazane mu ngendo zose zo kwa muganga. Ibi bifasha kumenya neza ko uhabwa inkingo ku gihe kandi ukirinda doze zitari ngombwa.

Nshobora guhagarika ryari gufata urukingo rwa poliovirus?

Abantu benshi barangiza urukurikirane rw'inkingo za poliovirus mu bwana kandi ntibakeneye doze zindi mu buzima bwabo bwose. Ubudahangarwa buturuka ku rukurikiran ruzuye akenshi bumara imyaka myinshi, birashoboka ko bumara ubuzima bwose.

Abantu bakuru bajya mu turere aho polio ikiriho cyangwa bakora mu mirimo ifite ibyago byinshi bashobora gukenera doze zongera ubudahangarwa. Umuganga wawe ashobora kumenya niba ukeneye inkingo zindi bitewe n'ibintu byawe by'umwihariko.

Kuva polio yavanwa mu bice byinshi by'isi, ubu icyibanze ni ugukomeza ubudahangarwa binyuze mu nkingo zisanzwe z'abana aho gukomeza gukingira abantu bakuru.

Nshobora guhabwa izindi nkingo icyarimwe n'urukingo rwa poliovirus?

Yego, urashobora guhabwa izindi nkingo icyarimwe n'urukingo rwa poliovirus. Urukingo akenshi rutangwa nk'igice cy'inkingo zisanzwe z'abana hamwe n'izindi nkingo.

Guhabwa inkingo nyinshi icyarimwe ntiguca intege ubudahangarwa bwawe cyangwa ngo byongere ingaruka ziterwa n'urukingo. Mubyukuri, biroroshye kandi bituma uguma urinzwe ku ndwara nyinshi.

Umuganga wawe akenshi azatanga inkingo zitandukanye mu maboko atandukanye cyangwa ahantu hatandukanye kugira ngo agabanye kutumva neza kandi byoroshye kumenya ingaruka zose ziterwa n'urukingo.