Icyo Raltegravir aricyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Raltegravir ni umuti uvura virusi itera SIDA ufasha kugenzura virusi mu mubiri wawe. Ihereranye mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa integrase inhibitors, ikora ibyo ikingira virusi itera SIDA kwigana no gukwirakwira mu ntsinga zifite ubuzima.

Uyu muti wabaye igice cy'ingenzi cy'imiti ya SIDA ya none kuko akenshi wihanganirwa kandi ukora neza. Ubusanzwe uzawufata nk'igice cy'imiti ivanze n'indi miti ya SIDA, ibyo bifasha gushyiraho uburyo bukomeye bwo kurwanya virusi.

Raltegravir ni iki?

Raltegravir ni umuti wandikirwa na muganga uvura virusi cyane cyane kugira ngo uvure indwara ya HIV-1. Ikora ikora ku kintu cyihariye virusi itera SIDA ikeneye kugira ngo yigane mu mubiri wawe.

Uyu muti wemerejwe bwa mbere na FDA mu mwaka wa 2007 kuva icyo gihe wafashije abantu babarirwa muri miliyoni gucunga neza SIDA yabo. Ifatwa nk'uburyo bwo kuvura bwa mbere, bivuze ko abaganga bakunze kuyisaba nk'imwe mu miti ya mbere ku barwayi bashya basanzwemo indwara.

Ushobora kumva umuganga wawe ayivuga ku izina ryayo ry'ubucuruzi, Isentress, cyangwa nk'integrase inhibitor. Uyu muti uza mu buryo bw'ibinini kandi ugomba gufatwa mu kanwa hamwe cyangwa hatariho ibiryo.

Raltegravir ikoreshwa mu iki?

Raltegravir ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura indwara ya HIV-1 mu bantu bakuru n'abana bapima nibura ibiro 2. Ikoreshwa buri gihe hamwe n'indi miti ya SIDA, ntabwo ikoreshwa yonyine.

Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira raltegravir niba usanzwemo SIDA vuba cyangwa niba ukeneye guhindura imiti ya SIDA. Bifasha cyane cyane abantu barwanya indi miti ya SIDA cyangwa abagira ingaruka zibabaje zituruka ku miti itandukanye.

Uyu muti ukoreshwa kandi ku barwayi bafite uburambe mu kuvurwa, aho virusi ya SIDA yabo yamaze kwanga imiti yindi. Muri ibi bihe, raltegravir ishobora gutanga uburyo bushya bwo kugenzura virusi igihe izindi nzira zitagikora neza.

Raltegravir ikora ite?

Raltegravir ikora ibuza enzyme yitwa integrase, virusi ya SIDA ikeneye kugirango yinjize ibikoresho byayo bya genetike mu turemangingo twawe twiza. Tekereza integrase nk'urufunguzo virusi ya SIDA ikoresha kugirango ifungure kandi yinjire mu turemangingo twawe.

Iyo virusi ya SIDA yanduye akaremangingo, ikeneye guhuza kode yayo ya genetike muri DNA y'akaremangingo kugirango yororoke. Raltegravir mu by'ukuri ihagarika iyi nzira, ikabuza virusi gushinga imizi ihoraho mu turemangingo twawe.

Uyu muti ufatwa nk'ukomeye mu rugero ruciriritse kandi ufite akamaro kanini iyo ukoreshejwe nk'igice cy'ubuvuzi buhuriweho. Ntiwica virusi ya SIDA, ariko ushobora kugabanya umubare wa virusi mu maraso yawe ukagera ku rwego rutagaragara, ibi bikaba bifasha kubungabunga ubudahangarwa bwawe kandi bikabuza kwandura ku bandi.

Nkwiriye gufata raltegravir nte?

Ukwiriye gufata raltegravir nk'uko muganga wawe abikwandikiye, akenshi kabiri ku munsi hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa nta biryo. Urutonde rusanzwe rw'abantu bakuru ni 400 mg kabiri ku munsi, ariko muganga wawe azagena umubare ukwiye w'ikibazo cyawe.

Ushobora gufata uyu muti hamwe n'ibiryo, udusimba, cyangwa ku gifu cyambaye ubusa - icyo aricyo cyose gikora neza kuri gahunda yawe. Abantu bamwe basanga byoroshye kwibuka imiti yabo iyo bayifata hamwe na saftiniya na nimugoroba.

Gerageza gufata imiti yawe mu gihe kimwe buri munsi kugirango ugumane urwego rwawo ruzigama mu mubiri wawe. Gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone cyangwa gukoresha umuteguro w'imiti birashobora kugufasha kuguma ukurikiza gahunda yawe yo gufata imiti.

Mimina ibinini byose hamwe n'amazi cyangwa ikindi kinyobwa. Ntukavune, ntukayisye, cyangwa ngo umene ibinini, kuko ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umuti winjirira mu mubiri wawe.

Nkwiriye gufata raltegravir igihe kingana iki?

Birashoboka ko uzakeneye gufata raltegravir ubuzima bwawe bwose nk'igice cy'ubuvuzi bwawe bwa HIV. Ubuvuzi bwa HIV ni umuhate w'igihe kirekire, kandi guhagarika imiti birashobora korohereza virusi kwiyongera no gushobora guteza imbere ubwirinzi.

Muganga wawe azakurikiza iterambere ryawe binyuze mu igeragezwa ry'amaraso risanzwe rigereranya umubare wa virusi yawe na CD4. Ibi bigeragezo bifasha kumenya uko umuti ukora neza kandi niba hari impinduka zikenewe kuri gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi.

Abantu bamwe bahangayikishwa no gufata imiti itagira iherezo, ariko wibuke ko ubuvuzi buhoraho bugufasha gukomeza ubuzima bwawe kandi bugakumira HIV kuva ku iterambere rya SIDA. Abantu benshi bakoresha ubuvuzi bwa HIV bukora neza babaho ubuzima burebure, buzira indwara kandi ntibigire ingaruka nke ku bikorwa byabo bya buri munsi.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara bya Raltegravir?

Abantu benshi bakira neza raltegravir, ariko nk'imiti yose, irashobora gutera ibikorwa bigaragara. Inkuru nziza ni uko ibikorwa bigaragara bikomeye bidakunze kubaho, kandi abantu benshi bahura n'ibibazo bike cyangwa nta bibazo.

Dore ibikorwa bigaragara bisanzwe ushobora guhura nabyo, wibuka ko abantu benshi bafite ibimenyetso byoroheje bigenda bikira uko igihe kigenda gihita:

• Umutwe
• Isesemi
• Impiswi
• Kunanirwa cyangwa gucika intege
• Urugero
• Kugorana gusinzira
• Urubavu rw'inda
• Uburibwe bw'imitsi

Ibi bikorwa bigaragara bisanzwe akenshi bigenda bigabanuka uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti mu byumweru bike bya mbere by'ubuvuzi.

Nubwo bidakunze kubaho, hariho ibikorwa bigaragara bikomeye bisaba ubufasha bwihutirwa. Ibi bikorwa bidasanzwe ariko by'ingenzi birimo:

• Ibikorwa bikomeye byo ku ruhu cyangwa ibibara
• Ibimenyetso by'ibibazo by'umwijima (guhindura uruhu cyangwa amaso umuhondo, inkari z'umwijima, urubavu rukomeye rw'inda)
• Uburibwe bukomeye bw'imitsi cyangwa intege nke
• Impinduka zo mu mutwe nk'agahinda gakabije cyangwa ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura
• Ibikorwa bikomeye byo kwanga imiti

Niba wumva ibi bimenyetso bikomeye, vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya. Wibuke ko inyungu zo kuvura virusi itera SIDA akenshi ziruta cyane ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti.

Ninde utagomba gufata Raltegravir?

Raltegravir ntikwiriye kuri buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe y'ubuzima mbere yo kukwandikira. Ntugomba gufata uyu muti niba ufite allergie kuri raltegravir cyangwa ibindi birimo.

Umuvuzi wawe azashaka kumenya ibijyanye n'indwara zimwe na zimwe n'imiti ishobora guhura na raltegravir. Ujye ubabwira niba ufite:

• Indwara y'umwijima cyangwa hepatite
• Ibibazo by'impyiko
• Indwara zo mu mutwe, cyane cyane umubabaro
• Indwara z'imitsi
• Amateka yose y'uruhu rukomeye rwakiriye imiti

Abagore batwite kandi bonka bashobora gufata raltegravir, ariko ibi bisaba gukurikiranwa neza n'umuvuzi ufite uburambe mu kuvura virusi itera SIDA. Uyu muti ushobora kuba igice cy'ingenzi mu gukumira kwandura virusi itera SIDA kuva ku mubyeyi ajya ku mwana.

Muganga wawe azasuzuma kandi imiti yose ufata ubu, harimo imiti yandikwa na muganga, imiti igurishwa ku isoko, n'ibyongerera imbaraga, kugirango arebe niba hari ibishobora guhura.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Raltegravir

Raltegravir izwi cyane ku izina ry'ubwoko bwayo Isentress, ikorwa na Merck & Co. Iyi ni formulation y'umwimerere abantu benshi bakira iyo bandikiwe raltegravir.

Hariho kandi Isentress HD, iyi ikaba ari formulation ifite urugero rwo hejuru rutuma abantu bamwe bafata uyu muti rimwe gusa ku munsi aho kuwufata kabiri ku munsi. Muganga wawe azemeza formulation ikwiriye cyane kuri wowe.

Ubwoko bwa raltegravir bushobora kuboneka, bushobora gufasha kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kuvurwa. Iyi miti ya generic ikubiyemo ibikoresho bikora kimwe kandi ikora neza nk'ubwoko bw'amazina.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Raltegravir

Niba raltegravir itagukundira cyangwa ikagutera ingaruka mbi, hari izindi miti ya HIV muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza. Izindi nzitizi za integrase zirimo dolutegravir (Tivicay) na bictegravir (Biktarvy).

Umuvuzi wawe ashobora kandi gutanga imiti ituruka mu byiciro bitandukanye by'imiti, nka non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) cyangwa protease inhibitors, bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze n'uburyo umubiri wawe wihanganira imiti.

Guhitamo imiti isimbura biterwa n'ibintu nk'umubare wa virusi mu maraso yawe, umubare wa CD4, imiti ya HIV wigeze gufata, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugirango abone uruvange ruzagufasha cyane kandi wihanganire.

Wibuke ko guhindura imiti ya HIV bikwiye gukorwa buri gihe hakurikijwe ubuyobozi bw'abaganga. Muganga wawe azategura neza impinduka zose kugirango yemeze ko virusi ikomeza guhagarikwa mugihe cy'impinduka.

Ese Raltegravir iruta Dolutegravir?

Raltegravir na dolutegravir zombi ni inzitizi za integrase zikora neza, ariko zifite itandukaniro rishobora gutuma imwe ikwemerera kurusha iyindi. Dolutegravir akenshi ifatwa rimwe ku munsi, mugihe raltegravir isanzwe ifatwa kabiri ku munsi.

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko dolutegravir ishobora kugira inzitizi nyinshi zo kurwanya, bivuze ko bigoye ko HIV yatera kurwanya yo. Ariko, raltegravir imaze igihe kinini kandi ifite amateka maremare y'umutekano n'imikorere.

Dolutegravir ishobora gutera kongera ibiro byinshi no guhungabanya ibitotsi kubantu bamwe, mugihe raltegravir akenshi yihanganirwa neza kubijyanye n'izo ngaruka zihariye. Guhitamo hagati yazo akenshi biterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze n'ibyo ukunda.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'imibereho yawe, izindi miti urimo gufata, n'amateka y'imiti wigeze gufata mugihe asaba inzitizi ya integrase yakugirira akamaro.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Raltegravir

Ese Raltegravir ifitiye umutekano abarwayi bafite indwara z'umwijima?

Raltegravir akenshi irashobora gukoreshwa neza ku bantu bafite indwara z'umwijima, ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa neza. Muganga wawe azakenera gupima imikorere y'umwijima wawe buri gihe akoresheje ibizamini by'amaraso kugirango yemeze ko umuti utateza ibibazo.

Abantu bafite indwara ya hepatite B cyangwa C bashobora gufata raltegravir, ariko bashobora gukenera gukurikiranwa kenshi. Uyu muti muri rusange ufatwa nk'umutekano ku mwijima kurusha imiti imwe na imwe ya SIDA, niyo mpamvu abaganga rimwe na rimwe bawukunda ku barwayi bafite ibibazo by'umwijima.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nanyweye raltegravir nyinshi ku buryo butunguranye?

Niba unyweye raltegravir nyinshi ku buryo butunguranye kuruta uko byategetswe, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura uburozi ako kanya. Nubwo kunywa imiti myinshi bidakunze kubaho, ni ngombwa kubona inama z'ubuvuzi zerekeye icyo gukora gikurikira.

Ntugerageze gusubiza umuti wanyweye wiyongereye usiba umuti wawe ukurikira. Ahubwo, kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe yerekeye igihe cyo gusubukura gahunda yawe isanzwe yo kunywa imiti. Genzura igihe wanyweye umuti wiyongereye kugirango ufashishe abaganga gusuzuma uko ibintu bimeze.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nciweho umuti wa raltegravir?

Niba waciweho umuti wa raltegravir, uwufate ako kanya wibuka, keretse igihe kigeze cyo gufata umuti wawe ukurikira. Muricyo gihe, siba umuti waciweho ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ntuzigere ufata imiti ibiri icyarimwe kugirango usubize umuti waciweho. Niba ukunda kwibagirwa imiti, vugana n'umuganga wawe kuri gahunda zo kugufasha kwibuka, nk'ukurangiza alarme kuri terefone cyangwa gukoresha igikoresho cyo gutegura imiti.

Gucikanwa n'imiti rimwe na rimwe ntibigira akaga, ariko gucikanwa n'imiti buri gihe bishobora korohereza virusi ya SIDA kwigirira ubushobozi bwo kwanga umuti, bigatuma utagira akamaro uko igihe kigenda.

Nshobora kureka kunywa raltegravir ryari?

Ntabwo wagombye guhagarika gufata raltegravir utabanje kubiganiraho n'umuganga wawe. Ubuvuzi bwa SIDA akenshi burambye, kandi guhagarika imiti birashobora gutuma virusi yororoka vuba kandi ikaba yatera ubwirinzi.

Umuganga wawe ashobora gutekereza guhindura imiti yawe ya SIDA niba urimo guhura n'ingaruka zikomeye cyangwa niba umuti utagikora neza. Ariko, impinduka zose kuri gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi zigomba gutegurwa neza kandi zikagenzurwa.

Niba ufite impungenge ku bijyanye n'imiti yawe cyangwa utekereza guhagarika ubuvuzi, ganira n'umuganga wawe ku byerekeye impungenge zawe n'ibisubizo bishoboka.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga nkanwa raltegravir?

Kunywa inzoga mu rugero ruto muri rusange birashoboka nkanwa raltegravir, ariko ni byiza kuganira ku ngeso zawe zo kunywa inzoga n'umuganga wawe. Inzoga ntizigirana imikoranire ya ngombwa na raltegravir, ariko zirashobora kugira ingaruka ku mwijima wawe n'ubudahangarwa.

Niba ufite indwara y'umwijima cyangwa izindi ndwara, umuganga wawe ashobora kugusaba kugabanya cyangwa kwirinda inzoga rwose. Wibuke ko inzoga zishobora kandi gutuma kwibuka gufata imiti yawe buri gihe bigorana.

Ba umunyakuri n'umuganga wawe ku bijyanye no kunywa inzoga kugira ngo baguhe inama nziza ku miterere yawe yihariye kandi bagenzure ubuzima bwawe neza.