Icyo Rifabutin ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo gufata, ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti n'ibindi

Rifabutin ni umuti wandikirwa na muganga wica mikorobe ufasha kurwanya indwara ziterwa na mikorobe zimwe na zimwe, cyane cyane iziterwa na mycobacteria. Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira uyu muti niba urwaye igituntu cyangwa ukeneye kurengerwa indwara y'umwuka yitwa MAC (Mycobacterium avium complex). Uyu muti ubarirwa mu itsinda ryitwa rifamycins, ikora igihe ihagarika mikorobe zangiza gukura no gukwirakwira mu mubiri wawe.

Rifabutin ni iki?

Rifabutin ni umuti wica mikorobe ufata unywa mu kanwa, uza mu buryo bwa capsule. Yagenewe by'umwihariko kuvura indwara ziterwa na mycobacteria, ubwoko bwa mikorobe bushobora kuba bwananirana kandi bigoye gukuraho mu mubiri wawe.

Uyu muti akenshi witwa "umuti wica mikorobe wa rifamycin" kuko ubarirwa mu muryango w'imiti isa. Tekereza nk'intwaro yagenewe intego umubiri wawe ukoresha mu kurwanya ubwoko bwihariye bwa mikorobe zishobora kudakora neza n'imiti isanzwe yica mikorobe.

Muri rusange, rifabutin wandikirwa iyo indi miti yica mikorobe itagize icyo ikora cyangwa iyo ukeneye kurengerwa ubwoko bw'indwara z'umwuka, cyane cyane niba ufite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri butameze neza.

Rifabutin ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Rifabutin ivura kandi ikarinda indwara ziterwa na mikorobe zimwe na zimwe, akenshi indwara ya MAC (Mycobacterium avium complex). Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira uyu muti niba ufite SIDA/VIH kandi ukeneye kurengerwa iyi ndwara y'umwuka ishobora kuba ikomeye ku bantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri butameze neza.

Uyu muti kandi ufasha kuvura ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by'igituntu, cyane cyane iyo mikorobe ya TB yanze indi miti yica mikorobe. Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, muganga wawe ashobora gukoresha rifabutin nk'igice cy'ubuvuzi buhuriweho hamwe n'indi miti kugira ngo avure neza.

Rimwe na rimwe, abaganga bandika rifabutin kugira ngo birinde indwara ya MAC mbere yuko itangira, cyane cyane niba ibizamini by'amaraso byerekana ko uri mu kaga gakomeye. Ubu buryo bwo kwirinda bushobora kugufasha kuguma mu buzima bwiza no kwirinda ingorane zikomeye mu gihe kizaza.

Rifabutin ikora ite?

Rifabutin ikora ibintu ivanga n'ubushobozi bwa bagiteri bwo gukora poroteyine z'ingenzi zikeneye kugira ngo zibaho kandi zigwiri. Mu by'ukuri, ihungabanya imashini zabo z'imbere, ikabuza gukura no gukwirakwira mu mubiri wawe.

Uyu muti ufatwa nk'ukomeye kandi ukora neza ku mikobateri. Ugenzura imikorere ya RNA ya bagiteri, bingana no guhagarika uruganda rukora ibice bikenewe kugira ngo rukore neza.

Umuti ufata igihe kugira ngo wubake mu mubiri wawe kandi utangire gukora neza. Ushobora kutumva ko uhise ukira, ariko umuti ukora akazi kawo mu rwego rwo gukuraho indwara mu byumweru cyangwa amezi menshi yo kuvurwa.

Nkwiriye gufata rifabutin nte?

Fata rifabutin nk'uko umuganga wawe abitegeka, akenshi rimwe ku munsi hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa utabifite. Niba umuti utera isesemi, kuwufata hamwe n'ibiryo birashobora kugabanya isesemi n'ingorane zo mu nzira y'igogora.

Mimina ibinini byose hamwe n'ikirahure cyuzuye cy'amazi. Ntugasenya, ntukore, cyangwa ufungure ibinini, kuko ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umuti ukora kandi bishobora gutera uburakari mu kanwa kawe no mu muhogo wawe.

Gerageza gufata urugero rwawe mu gihe kimwe buri munsi kugira ngo wibuke kandi ugumane urwego rumwe rw'umuti mu mubiri wawe. Niba ufata indi miti, uyatandukanye nk'uko umuganga wawe abisaba, kuko rifabutin ishobora guhura n'indi miti myinshi.

Ushobora gufata rifabutin hamwe n'amata cyangwa ibindi byinyobwa niba amazi wenyine atagukundiye. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukuyifata buri gihe kandi ntukabure urugero, kuko ibi bifasha kwirinda ko bagiteri zihinduka zikanga umuti.

Nkwiriye gufata rifabutin igihe kingana iki?

Ubukure bw'imiti ya rifabutin butandukana bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe n'uburyo umubiri wawe wakiriye imiti. Mu gukumira MAC, ushobora gukenera kuyifata igihe kirekire, rimwe na rimwe amezi menshi cyangwa imyaka.

Niba uvura indwara ikaze, muganga wawe azagusaba rifabutin mu gihe cy'amezi menshi. Urugero, kuvura igituntu bisaba nibura amezi atandatu yo gufata imiti yica mikorobe, kandi rifabutin ishobora kuba mu buryo bwo kuvura.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata rifabutin mbere y'igihe, kabone n'iyo utangiye kumva umerewe neza. Guhagarika hakiri kare bishobora gutuma bagiteri zigaruka zikomeye kandi zishobora kwanga imiti, bigatuma indwara zo mu gihe kizaza zitoroha kuvura.

Muganga wawe azakurikiza uko urwaye binyuze mu gusuzuma buri gihe no gupima amaraso kugira ngo amenye igihe byemewe guhagarika imiti. Bazareba ibimenyetso byerekana ko indwara yarangiye mbere yo guhagarika kuvura.

Ni izihe ngaruka ziterwa na Rifabutin?

Kimwe n'imiti myinshi, rifabutin ishobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo atari buri wese uzazibona. Kumenya ibyo witegura bishobora kugufasha kumva witeguye kandi ukamenya igihe wakwegera umuganga wawe.

Ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora kubona zirimo impinduka mu nkari zawe, amarira, cyangwa izindi mazi yo mu mubiri, ashobora guhinduka umuhondo cyangwa umukara-umutuku. Izi mpinduka ntizigira ingaruka mbi ariko zishobora kwanduza amaso n'imyenda, bityo uzakenera kubyitaho.

Dore ingaruka zisanzwe abarwayi bahura nazo:

• Urugimbu no kuribwa mu nda
• Impiswi cyangwa imyanda yoroshye
• Umutwe
• Urugero
• Urubavu cyangwa kubabara mu ngingo
• Kunanirwa cyangwa kumva unaniwe cyane
• Impinduka mu buryohe
• Uruhuriza cyangwa kuribwa ku ruhu

Izi ngaruka zisanzwe zikunda gukira uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza imiti. Niba zikomeje cyangwa zikaba zikomeye, muganga wawe ashobora gutanga ibitekerezo byo kuzicunga cyangwa guhindura urugero rwawe.

Ingaruka zikomeye ntizikunze kubaho ariko zisaba ubufasha bwihutirwa bw'abaganga. Muri zo harimo kuribwa cyane mu nda, kuruka bidahagarara, umuhondo w'uruhu cyangwa amaso, gukomereka cyangwa kuva amaraso bidasanzwe, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kwibasirwa n'umubiri bikabije nk'uguhumeka bigoranye cyangwa kubimba mu maso no mu muhogo.

Abantu bamwe bashobora kugira ibibazo by'amaso, harimo guhumana cyangwa kuribwa mu maso, cyane cyane niba bafata imiti ifite urugero rwo hejuru. Kugenzura amaso buri gihe birashobora gukoreshwa mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi kugira ngo hakurikiranwe ibi bibazo bishobora kuvuka.

Ninde utagomba gufata Rifabutin?

Rifabutin ntirigirira umutekano buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe mbere yo kukwandikira. Abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe cyangwa abafata imiti imwe na imwe bashobora gukenera kwirinda uyu muti wica mikorobe cyangwa bakawukoresha bafite ubwitonzi bukabije.

Ntugomba gufata rifabutin niba ufite allergie kuri rifabutin ubwayo cyangwa izindi antibiotike za rifamycin nka rifampin. Bwira muganga wawe ibyerekeye allergie zose wigeze kugira kuri antibiotike, n'iyo zisa nkaho zitari zikomeye.

Abantu bafite ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by'umwijima bashobora kutabasha gufata rifabutin mu buryo bwizewe, kuko uyu muti ushobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umwijima. Muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibizamini by'amaraso kugira ngo agenzure umwijima wawe mbere yo gutangira ubuvuzi no kubikurikiranira hafi mu gihe cyose cy'ubuvuzi.

Dore ibihe rifabutin isaba ubwitonzi bwihariye cyangwa itakwiriye:

• Gusama cyangwa konsa
• Indwara ikomeye y'impyiko
• Indwara y'umwijima ikora cyangwa hepatite
• Amateka y'indwara z'amaraso
• Gufata imiti imwe na imwe ya virusi itera SIDA
• Gukoresha uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro bufite imisemburo (rifabutin irashobora gutuma butagira akamaro)
• Gufata imiti ituma amaraso ataguma mu mubiri nka warfarin

Niba ufata indi miti myinshi, muganga wawe azakenera gusuzuma neza uko bishobora guhurirana. Rifabutin irashobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo indi miti ikora mu mubiri wawe, rimwe na rimwe igatuma itagira akamaro cyangwa ikongera ingaruka zayo.

Amazina y'Ubwoko bwa Rifabutin

Rifabutin iboneka ku izina ry'ubwoko rya Mycobutin muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika. Iri ni ryo zina ry'ubwoko ryandikwa cyane ry'uyu muti ushobora guhura na wo muri farumasi yawe.

Imiti ya rifabutin ikorwa mu buryo rusange nayo iraboneka kandi ikora neza nk'uko ubwoko bw'umuti bukora. Ubuvuzi bwawe bushobora gukunda uburyo rusange, bushobora kugufasha kugabanya amafaranga utanga.

Uko wakwakira Mycobutin y'ubwoko cyangwa rifabutin rusange, ibikoresho bikora n'ubushobozi biraguma kimwe. Umuganga wawe ushinzwe imiti ashobora gusubiza ibibazo byose ku bijyanye n'ubwoko urimo kwakira kandi agafasha kumenya neza ko urimo gufata umuti ukwiye.

Izindi miti isimbura Rifabutin

Niba rifabutin itagukwiriye, hari imiti myinshi isimbura ishobora kuvura indwara zisa. Muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza rifampin, undi muti wica mikorobe wa rifamycin ukora kimwe ariko ufite ingaruka zitandukanye n'imikoranire y'imiti.

Ku ndwara za MAC, izindi miti isimbura zirimo azithromycin cyangwa clarithromycin, iyi ikaba ari imiti yica mikorobe ya macrolide ikora mu buryo butandukanye. Iyi miti akenshi ikoreshwa mu kuvura hamwe na rifabutin cyangwa nk'izindi miti isimbura iyo rifabutin itihanganirwa neza.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba ethambutol cyangwa izindi miti yica mikorobe nk'igice cy'uburyo bwo kuvura buhuriweho. Guhitamo izindi miti isimbura biterwa n'indwara yawe yihariye, izindi ndwara z'ubuzima, n'imiti urimo gufata.

Ntuzigere uhindura imiti wenyine. Niba urimo guhura n'ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti cyangwa ufite impungenge kuri rifabutin, ganira n'umuganga wawe ushinzwe ubuzima ushobora kuguherereza mu buryo butekanye uburyo bwo kuvura butandukanye.

Ese Rifabutin iruta Rifampin?

Rifabutin na rifampin zombi ni imiti yica mikorobe ya rifamycin ikora neza, ariko zifite imbaraga zitandukanye kandi zikoreshwa mu bihe bitandukanye. Nta na rimwe riruta irindi - guhitamo biterwa n'ibyo ukeneye n'uko ubuzima bwawe buteye.

Rifabutin ikunda kugira ingaruka nke zo guhura n'indi miti kurusha rifampin, bituma iba nziza cyane niba ufata indi miti, cyane cyane imiti ya virusi itera SIDA. Irinda kandi gutera ingaruka zimwe na zimwe, nubwo imiti yombi ishobora guhindura amazi yo mu mubiri wawe umuhondo.

Rifampin akenshi ikunda gukoreshwa mu kuvura igituntu kuko imaze igihe kinini ikoreshwa kandi ifite ubushakashatsi bwinshi bushyigikira imikorere yayo. Ariko, rifabutin ishobora guhitwamo iyo rifampin ihuye n'indi miti ufata cyangwa iyo ukeneye kuvurwa by'umwihariko indwara ya MAC.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'indi miti ufata, ubwoko bw'indwara ufite, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange mugihe uhitamo hagati y'izi mpuzamiti ebyiri. Wizere ubuhanga bwabo muguhitamo umuti ushobora gukora neza kandi neza kubuzima bwawe.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Rifabutin

Q1. Ese Rifabutin irakwiriye abantu barwaye indwara y'umwijima?

Rifabutin isaba gukurikiranwa neza kubantu bafite ibibazo by'umwijima, kuko bishobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere y'umwijima. Muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibizamini by'amaraso kugirango arebe imyunyu y'umwijima mbere yo gutangira kuvurwa no kubikurikirana buri gihe mugihe cyo kuvurwa.

Niba ufite ibibazo byoroheje by'umwijima, muganga wawe ashobora kwandika rifabutin ariko hamwe no gukurikirana kenshi kandi birashoboka ko urugero ruto. Ariko, abantu bafite indwara ikomeye y'umwijima cyangwa hepatite ikora ntibashobora gufata rifabutin neza.

Buri gihe menyesha umuganga wawe ibyerekeye amateka y'ibibazo by'umwijima, hepatite, cyangwa gukoresha inzoga nyinshi mbere yo gutangira rifabutin. Iri somo ribafasha gufata icyemezo cyiza cyo kuvura kubuzima bwawe.

Q2. Ninkora iki niba nanyoye rifabutin nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba unyoye rifabutin nyinshi bitunguranye kuruta uko wagombaga, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe ubumara ako kanya. Kunywa nyinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zikomeye, cyane cyane zikora ku mwijima wawe, amaraso, n'amaso.

Ntugategereze ngo urebe niba wumva umeze neza - shakisha ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi ako kanya. Zana urupapuro rw'umuti kugira ngo abaganga babone neza icyo wanyoye n'ingano yacyo.

Mugihe utegereje ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi, ntugerageze kwisuka uruka keretse niba ubisabwe n'umuganga. Guma ukurikiza ibimenyetso byose wumva kugirango ubivuge ku ikipe y'ubuvuzi.

Q3. Ninkora iki niba nanyimbye urugero rwa rifabutin?

Niba wanyimbye urugero rwa rifabutin, unywe ako kanya wibuka, keretse igihe cyegereye urugero rwawe ruteganyijwe. Muricyo gihe, reka urugero wanyimye, unywe urugero rwawe rukurikira ku gihe gisanzwe.

Ntunyweho urugero ebyiri icyarimwe kugirango wuzuze urugero wanyimye, kuko ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka. Niba wibagirwa kenshi urugero, tekereza gushyiraho alarme ya buri munsi cyangwa gukoresha umuteguro w'imiti kugirango ukwibutse.

Kunyima urugero rimwe na rimwe ntizagutera ikibazo, ariko gerageza kunywa rifabutin uko bishoboka kose. Kunyima urugero kenshi bishobora gutuma umuti udakora neza kandi bishobora gutuma bagiteri zirwanya imiti.

Q4. Nshobora guhagarika rifabutin ryari?

Hagarika kunywa rifabutin gusa mugihe muganga wawe akubwiye ko byemewe kubikora. Niyo wumva umeze neza rwose, icyorezo gishobora kuba kitarakira neza, kandi guhagarika kare bishobora gutuma kigaruka gikomeye kurusha mbere.

Muganga wawe azakoresha ibizamini by'amaraso, isesengura ry'amashusho, n'ibimenyetso byawe kugirango amenye igihe icyorezo cyakiriwe neza. Mugihe cyo kwirinda indwara za MAC, ushobora gukenera gukomeza rifabutin igihe kirekire nkuko byategetswe n'umuganga wawe.

Niba urimo guhura n'ingaruka zikubabaza ku buryo ushaka guhagarika imiti, ganira na muganga wawe ku bindi bisubizo aho guhagarika wenyine. Ashobora kugufasha guhindura gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa kugira ngo ibe yoroheje ariko igakomeza kuvura neza indwara yawe.

Q5. Rifabutin Ishobora Kugira Icyo Ihindura ku Mugozi wo Kuboneza Urubyaro?

Yego, rifabutin ishobora gutuma imiti ikoreshwa mu kuboneza urubyaro idakora neza, harimo n'ibinini byo kuboneza urubyaro, ibipapuro, impeta, n'ibihingwa. Ibi bivuze ko ushobora gutwita nubwo ukoresha ubu buryo neza.

Niba ukora imibonano mpuzabitsina kandi ntushaka gutwita, koresha ubundi buryo bwo kuboneza urubyaro nka agakingirizo mu gihe ukoresha rifabutin no mu gihe cy'ukwezi kumwe nyuma yo kurangiza imiti. Ubu burinzi bwongereweho bufasha kumenya neza ko urinzwe neza.

Ganira n'umuganga wawe ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwiza bwo kuboneza urubyaro mu gihe ukoresha rifabutin. Bashobora kugusaba guhindura ukoresha uburyo butagira imisemburo cyangwa guhindura uburyo ukoresha ubu kugira ngo ukomeze kuboneza urubyaro neza.