Ikingira rya Rotavirus (Rizima, Rinyuzwa mu kanwa): Ibikoreshwa, Uburyo bwo gukoresha, Ingaruka ziterwa naryo n'ibindi

Ikingira rya rotavirus ni virusi nzima, yagabanyijwe imbaraga itangwa mu kanwa kugira ngo irinde abana bato n'abana bakiri bato indwara ya rotavirus. Urukingi rufasha kwirinda impiswi ikaze, kuruka, no kumuka bishobora guteza akaga abana.

Rotavirus ni imwe mu mpamvu zikunze gutera impiswi ikaze ku bana ku isi hose. Mbere yuko uru rukingo ruboneka, hafi buri mwana yanduraga rotavirus afite imyaka 5, kandi benshi bakeneraga kujyanwa mu bitaro kubera kumuka.

Ikingira rya Rotavirus ni iki?

Urukingi rwa rotavirus rukubiyemo rotavirus nzima ariko yagabanyijwe imbaraga idashobora gutera indwara ikomeye ku bana bafite ubuzima bwiza. Igihe gitanzwe ku mwana wawe, bifasha urugero rwabo rw'umubiri rwo kurwanya indwara kumenya no kurwanya rotavirus nyayo niba bahuye nayo nyuma.

Hariho ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bw'inkingo za rotavirus ziboneka. Zombi zitangwa nk'amatonyi y'amazi mu kanwa k'umwana wawe, bikaba byoroshye kubikoresha mu gihe cyo gusura abana basanzwe.

Urukingi rukora mugukora ubudahangarwa hatariho ibimenyetso bikomeye rotavirus isanzwe izana. Ubu burinzi ni ingenzi cyane cyane kubana bato, imibiri yabo mito ishobora kumuka cyane kubera impiswi ya rotavirus vuba kurusha abana bakuze cyangwa abantu bakuru.

Ikingira rya Rotavirus rikoreshwa kubiki?

Urukingi rurinda gastroenterite ya rotavirus, itera impiswi ikaze, kuruka, umuriro, n'ububabare bwo mu nda ku bana bato. Rotavirus yandura cyane kandi ikwirakwira byoroshye binyuze mu guhura n'imyanda yanduye cyangwa ahantu handuye.

Urukingi rwateguwe byumwihariko kubana bato kandi rukora neza iyo rutanzwe mumyaka ya mbere yubuzima. Rutanga uburinzi mugihe abana bafite ibibazo bikomeye byanduye rotavirus.

Nubwo urukingo rushobora kutabuza indwara ya rotavirus yose, rugabanya cyane ibyago byo kurwara bikomeye bisaba kujyanwa mu bitaro. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko rurinda hafi 85-98% by'indwara ya rotavirus ikomeye kandi hafi 74-87% by'indwara ya rotavirus zose.

Urukingo rwa Rotavirus Rukora Gute?

Urukingo rwa rotavirus rufatwa nk'umuti urinda ukomeye mu rugero ruciriritse ukora mu kwigisha urugero rw'umubiri rwawe. Virusi zoroheje ziri mu rukingo zigwira mu mara ariko ntizishobora gutera indwara ikomeye ku bana bafite ubuzima bwiza.

Izi virusi zoroheje uko zigwira, urugero rw'umubiri rwawe rwigira kumenya rotavirus kandi rukarema imbaraga zo kuyirwanya. Ubu buryo bwubaka ubudahangarwa buzabarinda igihe bazahura na rotavirus nyayo, iteye akaga mu bidukikije byabo.

Urukingo rurema ubudahangarwa mu mara n'imbaraga zo mu maraso. Ubudahangarwa bw'amara ni ingenzi cyane kuko rotavirus ahanini yibasira sisitemu yo mu mara, bityo kugira uburinzi ahantu virusi yibasira bitanga uburinzi bwiza.

Nkwiriye Gute Guha Urukingo rwa Rotavirus Umwana Wanjye?

Urukingo rwa rotavirus rutangwa gusa mu kanwa nk'amatonyi y'amazi, ntabwo rutangwa mu nshinge. Umuganga wawe azakanda urukingo mu kanwa k'umwana wawe akoresheje igikoresho cyihariye cyangwa urushinge.

Nta myiteguro yihariye ikenewe mbere yo gukingira. Umwana wawe arashobora kurya no kunywa bisanzwe mbere na nyuma yo kuruhabwa. Niba umwana wawe acira cyangwa agasuka mu minota mike nyuma yo guhabwa urukingo, umuganga ashobora gutanga urundi rugero.

Urukingo rushobora gutangwa icyarimwe n'izindi nkingo zisanzwe z'abana. Ibi bivuze ko umwana wawe ashobora guhabwa urukingo rwa rotavirus hamwe n'izindi nkingo z'ingenzi mu gihe cyo gusura kwa muganga basanzwe bajyayo.

Nta mbogamizi z’imirire zibaho nyuma yo gukingirwa urukingo. Umwana wawe ashobora gukomeza konka cyangwa kurya ibiryo byo mu icupa nk'ibisanzwe. Urukingo rukora rutitaye niba umwana wawe yariye vuba cyangwa afite inda ituzuye.

Umwana wanjye akwiye kumara igihe kingana iki akingirwa urukingo rwa rotavirus?

Urukingo rwa rotavirus rutangwa mu byiciro bya doze 2 cyangwa 3, bitewe n'ubwoko bw'urukingo umuganga wawe akoresha. Urukurikirane rugomba kurangizwa mbere y'uko umwana wawe agera ku mezi 8.

Ku byiciro bya doze ebyiri (RotaTeq), doze zitangwa akenshi ku mezi 2 na 4. Ku byiciro bya doze eshatu (Rotarix), doze zitangwa ku mezi 2, 4, na 6.

Igihe ni ingenzi kuko urukingo rukora neza iyo rutanzwe mu mezi make ya mbere y'ubuzima. Gutangira nyuma y'igihe bigabanya imikorere, kandi urukingo ntirugomba gutangwa ku bana barengeje amezi 8 kubera kwiyongera kw'ingaruka idasanzwe yitwa intussusception.

Iyo umwana wawe arangije urukurikirane rw'urukingo, azagira uburinzi burambye ku rotavirus. Nta nkingo zongera gutangwa zikenewe nyuma mu bwana cyangwa mu bukure.

Ni izihe ngaruka ziterwa n'urukingo rwa rotavirus?

Abana benshi bakingirwa urukingo rwa rotavirus ntibagira ingaruka na zimwe. Iyo ingaruka zigaragaye, akenshi ziba nto kandi zikagenda zonyine mu minsi mike.

Ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora kubona zirimo umujinya muto, kugabanyuka kw'irari ryo kurya, n'imyanda idasanzwe. Abana bamwe bashobora kugira umuriro muke cyangwa bakagaragara nk'abananiweho gato mu gihe cy'umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri.

Dore ingaruka zigaragara kenshi, wibuke ko abana benshi batagira na zimwe muri izi:

• Umujinya muto cyangwa umujinya
• Kugabanyuka kw'irari ryo kurya umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri
• Imyanda idasanzwe cyangwa amazi
• Umuriro muke (utarenze 101°F)
• Kwiyongera kw'ibitotsi by'igihe gito

Ibi bimenyetso rusange bigaragaza ko urugingo rw'umubiri rwawe rurwanya indwara rwa umwana wawe ruri gusubiza neza ku rukingo. Bigomba gukemuka mu minsi 2-3 nta kuvurwa.

Hariho ingaruka imwe idakunze ariko ikomeye yitwa intussusception, aho igice cy'urura kigenda mu kindi gice nk'itelesikopi. Ibi bibaho kuri 1-5 kuri buri doze 100,000 zitanzwe. Reba kubabara cyane mu nda, kuruka, amaraso mu musarani, cyangwa kurira bidasanzwe kuza no kujya.

Niba ubonye ibimenyetso bibangamiye, cyane cyane kubabara cyane mu nda, kuruka bidahagarara, cyangwa amaraso mu mpapuro z'umwana wawe, vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya. Nubwo ibisubizo bikomeye bidakunze kubaho, buri gihe biruta kugenzura iyo uhangayitse.

Ninde Utagomba Gukingirwa Urukingo rwa Rotavirus?

Urukingo rwa rotavirus ntirukwiriye abana bose. Umuganga wawe azasuzuma amateka y'ubuzima bw'umwana wawe mbere yo gutanga urukingo kugirango yemeze ko ari umutekano kuri bo.

Abana bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe ntibagomba guhabwa uru rukingo. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ubuzima bw'urugingo rw'umubiri rurwanya indwara, kuko uru ni urukingo ruzima rushobora guteza ibibazo ku bana bafite ubudahangarwa buke.

Dore ibintu by'ingenzi urukingo rwa rotavirus rutagomba gutangirwa:

• Abana bafite ubudahangarwa buke cyane (SCID) cyangwa izindi ndwara zikomeye z'urugingo rw'umubiri rurwanya indwara
• Abana bafata imiti ikandamiza urugingo rw'umubiri rurwanya indwara
• Abana bagize allergie ikomeye ku doze yabanje
• Abana bato bafite amateka ya intussusception
• Abana bafite amezi arenga 8

Umuganga wawe azatekereza kandi gusubika urukingo niba umwana wawe arwaye indwara yo hagati cyangwa ikomeye irimo umuriro. Ariko, ibimenyetso byoroshye by'imbeho cyangwa umuriro muke mubisanzwe ntibibuza gukingirwa.

Abana bavukiye igihe kitaragera basanzwe bashobora guhabwa urukingo rwa rotavirus hakurikijwe imyaka yabo, atari imyaka yabo ivuguruye. Muganga wawe w'abana azagena igihe cyiza cyo gukingira hakurikijwe uko umwana wawe ameze n'uko yasezerewe mu bitaro.

Amazina y'Urukingo rwa Rotavirus

Hariho inkingo ebyiri za rotavirus ziboneka muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika, zombi zikora kimwe mu gukumira indwara ya rotavirus ikomeye. Muganga wawe azahitamo urukingo ruzakoreshwa hakurikijwe icyo ivuriro rye rishaka n'uko ruziboneka.

RotaTeq ikorwa na Merck kandi isaba doze eshatu zitangwa ku myaka 2, 4, na 6. Uru rukingo rurinda amoko atanu atandukanye ya rotavirus akunda gutera indwara ikomeye mu bana.

Rotarix ikorwa na GlaxoSmithKline kandi isaba doze ebyiri gusa zitangwa ku myaka 2 na 4. Uru rukingo rurinda ubwoko busanzwe bwa rotavirus kandi rutanga uburinzi ku bindi bwoko.

Inkingo zombi zarageragejwe cyane kandi zerekana urwego rumwe rw'ubushobozi. Guhitamo hagati yazo akenshi biterwa n'uburambe bw'umuganga wawe n'icyo ivuriro ryawe rishaka mu ngengabihe y'inkingo.

Uburyo bwo gukingira rotavirus

Kugeza ubu, nta zindi nkingo zirinda rotavirus. Inkingo ebyiri za rotavirus ziboneka nizo zonyine zigaragaza uburyo bwo gukumira iyi ndwara ikomeye y'abana binyuze mu gukingira.

Mbere yuko inkingo ziboneka, uburyo nyamukuru bwo kurwanya rotavirus kwari ukurwanya ibimenyetso nyuma yuko ubwandu bubaye. Ibi byasobanuraga gucunga impiswi ikomeye no kuruka hamwe n'amazi rimwe na rimwe no kujyanwa mu bitaro kubera kumuka amazi mu mubiri.

Imyitwarariko myiza y'isuku nk'ukoza intoki kenshi ishobora gufasha kugabanya ikwirakwizwa rya rotavirus, ariko ntishobora gukumira ubwandu rwose. Rotavirus yandura cyane kandi ishobora kubaho ku bintu igihe kirekire, bituma isuku yonyine itahagije.

Ababyeyi bamwe bibaza ku birebana n’ubudahangarwa karemano buturuka ku konjesha. Nubwo amata y’ibere atanga uburinzi, ntibiba byuzuye, kandi abana benshi bonka bagifata indwara zikomeye ziterwa na rotavirus. Urukingo rutanga uburinzi bwizewe cyane.

Ese urukingo rwa rotavirus ruruta ubudahangarwa karemano?

Urukingo rwa rotavirus rutanga uburinzi bwizewe cyane kuruta uko umuntu yakwihahira ubudahangarwa karemano binyuze mu kwandura. Nubwo kwandura karemano bishobora gutanga ubudahangarwa, biza n’ibibazo bikomeye urukingo rwica.

Kwandura karemano kwa rotavirus bitera ibimenyetso bikomeye birimo impiswi nyinshi, kuruka, no kumuka amazi bishobora guteza akaga ku buzima bw’abana. Abana benshi bakeneye kujyanwa mu bitaro, kandi bamwe bashobora kugira ibibazo bikomeye cyangwa se bakazapfa bazize kumuka amazi bikabije.

Urukingo rutanga ubudahangarwa ritatera ibyo bimenyetso by’akaga. Umwana wawe arinda rotavirus atagize impiswi zikomeye, kuruka, no kumuka amazi biza no kwandura karemano.

Byongeye kandi, ubudahangarwa karemano buturuka ku kwandura rotavirus ntibuba bwuzuye buri gihe. Abana bashobora kurwara rotavirus inshuro nyinshi, nubwo kwandura bikurikira akenshi bidakaze. Urukingo rutanga uburinzi bwagutse ku bwoko bwinshi bwa rotavirus.

Ibikunze Kubazwa ku bijyanye n’urukingo rwa rotavirus

Ese urukingo rwa rotavirus rurinda abana bavukiye igihe kitaragera?

Yego, urukingo rwa rotavirus muri rusange rurinda abana bavukiye igihe kitaragera bafite ubuzima bwiza mu by’ubuvuzi. Urukingo rutangwa hakurikijwe imyaka y’ukuri, ntabwo hakurikijwe imyaka y’uko umwana yari kuzavukira, bityo umwana wavukiye igihe kitaragera yagakwiye guhabwa urukingo rwa mbere hafi y’amezi 2 amaze kuvuka.

Umuvuzi w’abana wawe azasuzuma ubuzima bw’umwana wawe wavukiye igihe kitaragera mbere yo gutanga urukingo. Niba umwana wawe agihagarariye mu bitaro cyangwa afite ibibazo by’ubuzima bikomeje, igihe cyo gutanga urukingo gishobora guhindurwa kugira ngo umutekano w’umwana wizezwe.

Ibyo Ukwiriye Gukora Niba Umwana Wawe Yahawe Urukingo Rurenzeho Rwa Rotavirusi

Niba umwana wawe yahawe urukingo rurenzeho rwa rotavirusi, ntugahagarike umutima. Nubwo atari byiza, ntibiteje akaga kandi ntibizagira icyo bitwara umwana wawe.

Vugana n'umuganga wawe umumenyeshe ibyabaye. Ashobora kuvugurura amateka y'inkingo z'umwana wawe akamenya niba hari ibikeneye guhindurwa ku ngengabihe y'inkingo.

Genzura umwana wawe urebe niba agaragaza ibimenyetso byoroheje nk'uburakari cyangwa imyanda, bishobora kugaragara cyane iyo yahawe urukingo rurenzeho. Ariko, ingorane zikomeye ziterwa no guhabwa urukingo rwinshi ni gake cyane.

Nkwiriye Gukora Iki Niba Umwana Wanjye Yacikanwe Urukingo Rwa Rotavirusi?

Niba umwana wawe yacikanwe urukingo rwa rotavirusi rwari ruteganyijwe, vugana n'umuganga wawe vuba bishoboka kugira ngo musubizeho gahunda. Urukurikirane rw'urukingo rugomba kurangira mbere y'uko umwana wawe yuzuza amezi 8.

Umuganga wawe azagena igihe cyiza cyo gutanga urukingo rwasibye hashingiwe ku myaka umwana wawe afite ubu n'urukingo rwasibye. Ashobora gushobora gusubiza mu murongo hamwe n'ingengabihe yahinduwe gato.

Ntugasubizeho urukurikirane rw'urukingo niba umwana wawe yacikanwe urukingo. Ahubwo, komeza n'urukingo rukurikira mu rukurikirane. Intera iri hagati y'inkingo irashobora guhindurwa gato, ariko umubare w'inkingo zose zikenewe uracyari umwe.

Nshobora Kureka Guhangayika Kuri Rotavirusi Ryari Nyuma Yo Gukingirwa?

Umwana wawe azagira uburinzi bwiza kuri rotavirusi nyuma y'ibyumweru 1-2 arangije urukurikirane rw'urukingo. Ibi bivuze ko uburinzi bwuzuye butangira nyuma y'urukingo rwa nyuma, haba urwa kabiri cyangwa urwa gatatu bitewe n'urukingo rwakoreshejwe.

Uburinzi butangwa n'urukingo rwa rotavirus buramara imyaka myinshi, bishoboka ko bukageza mu bukure. Abana benshi ntibazakenera inkingo zongera, kandi rotavirus igenda igabanya ubukana uko abana bagenda bakura.

Wibuke ko urukingo rurinda indwara nyinshi zikomeye ziterwa na rotavirus ariko ntirushobora kurinda indwara zose zoroheje. Niba umwana wawe watewe urukingo arwaye rotavirus, birashoboka ko bizaba byoroheje cyane kurusha uko byari kuba bitaratewe urukingo.

Ese Umwana Wanjye Arashobora Kurwara Rotavirus Yatewe Urukingo?

Umwana wawe ntashobora kurwara indwara ikomeye ya rotavirus yatewe urukingo kuko rukubiyemo virusi zorohejwe zitashobora gutera indwara ikomeye ku bana bazima. Ariko, abana bahawe urukingo bashobora gushyira hanze utuntu duto twa virusi y'urukingo mu musarani wabo mu minsi mike nyuma yo gukingirwa.

Gushyira hanze iyi virusi mubisanzwe ntibihangayikisha abagize umuryango bazima. Ariko, niba hari umuntu mu rugo rwawe ufite ubudahangarwa bworoheje cyane, ganira ibi n'umuganga wawe mbere y'uko umwana wawe ahabwa urukingo.

Virusi y'urukingo iroroshye cyane kurusha rotavirus y'umwimerere kandi ntigira ibimenyetso na bike. Niba umwana wawe agize impiswi nyuma yo gukingirwa, mubisanzwe biba byihuse kandi byoroheje cyane kurusha uko byari kuba bimeze iyo arwaye indwara ya rotavirus nyayo.