Icyo Streptokinase ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwayo, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Streptokinase ni umuti ukomeye uvura ibibazo by'amaraso ushobora kurokora ubuzima mu gihe cyo gufatwa n'umutima n'indwara z'ubwonko. Uyu mumaro ukora usenya ibibazo by'amaraso byangiza bibuza imitsi yawe, bigarura amaraso mu ngingo z'ingenzi nk'umutima n'ubwonko bwawe. Abaganga basanzwe batanga uyu muti binyuze mu muyoboro w'amaraso mu bihe by'ubutabazi igihe buri munota ufite agaciro.

Icyo Streptokinase ari cyo?

Streptokinase ni umuti uvura ibibazo by'amaraso, bivuze ko usenya ibibazo by'amaraso. Ni umusemburo waturutse mu mikorobe imwe n'imwe umubiri wawe ushobora gukoresha mu gusenya ibibazo bitagomba kuba. Tekereza nk'igikoresho cyihariye gifasha gusukura imiyoboro yafunze mu mikorere y'amaraso yawe.

Uyu muti ufitanye isano n'itsinda ry'imiti yitwa fibrinolytics cyangwa "ibibazo by'amaraso". Bitandukanye n'imiti ituma amaraso atiyongera, streptokinase ikora isenya ibibazo bisanzweho. Imaze gukoreshwa mu buvuzi imyaka myinshi kandi yafashije abantu benshi koroherwa n'indwara ziteye ubuzima bwabo akaga.

Uyu muti uza mu ifu ivangwa n'amazi atagira mikorobe mbere yo kuguhereza. Abaganga bawutanga mu bitaro bigenzurwa neza aho bashobora kugukurikiranira hafi mu gihe cyose cy'ubuvuzi.

Streptokinase ikoreshwa mu iki?

Streptokinase ivura indwara zikomeye ziterwa n'ibibazo by'amaraso bibuza imitsi y'ingenzi. Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba uyu muti igihe urimo guhura n'ubutabazi bw'ubuvuzi aho kugarura amaraso vuba bishobora gukumira kwangirika kw'ingingo zawe burundu.

Icyo ikoreshwa cyane ni ukuvura gufatwa n'umutima, by'umwihariko ubwoko bwitwa ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Iyo ikibazo cy'amaraso kibujije umutsi ugaburira umutima wawe, streptokinase irashobora gusenya icyo kibazo ikagarura amaraso mbere y'uko umutima wangirika burundu.

Abaganga kandi bakoresha streptokinase ku bwoko runaka rwa sitiroko ziterwa n'amaraso yazibye mu miyoboro y'ubwonko. Ariko, ubu buvuzi bugomba gutangwa mu gihe gito cyane kugira ngo bube bwiza kandi butagira ingaruka.

Izindi ndwara zishobora gusaba streptokinase zirimo amaraso akomeye yazibye mu muhaha wawe (pulmonary embolism) n'imiyoboro yazibye mu maguru yawe cyangwa mu maboko yawe. Abaganga bamwe kandi barayikoresha mu gukuraho imiyoboro yazibye cyangwa shunts zikoreshwa mu gufasha abantu bafite indwara z'impyiko.

Streptokinase ikora ite?

Streptokinase ikora mu gufasha umubiri wawe gukemura amaraso yazibye. Ihindura poroteyine iri mu maraso yawe yitwa plasminogen ikayihindura plasmin, ariyo enzyme y'umubiri wawe ikemura amaraso yazibye. Iyi nzira ifasha gusenya imigozi ya fibrin ifatanya amaraso yazibye.

Uyu muti ufatwa nk'umuti ukomeye, ukora vuba ushobora gusenya amaraso yazibye mu masaha make. Bitandukanye n'imiti mishya ikemura amaraso yazibye, streptokinase igira ingaruka ku mikorere y'amaraso yawe yose, ntabwo igira ingaruka gusa ku gice cy'umubiri amaraso yazibye ariho.

Enzyme ikora itahagarara igihe iri mu maraso yawe, akenshi mu masaha menshi nyuma yo kuyitera. Umubiri wawe uhoro gahoro urayisenya ukayikuramo, kandi ubushobozi bwawe busanzwe bwo gukama amaraso busubira mu masaha 12 kugeza kuri 24.

Nkwiriye gufata streptokinase nte?

Ntuzafata streptokinase uri mu rugo - uyu muti utangirwa gusa mu bitaro n'abantu b'inzobere mu by'ubuvuzi. Ubu buvuzi bukubiyemo guhabwa umuti unyuze mu muyoboro wa intravenous (IV), akenshi mu kuboko kwawe, cyangwa rimwe na rimwe mu muyoboro wazibye unyuze mu tuyoboro duto twitwa catheter.

Mbere yo gutangira ubuvuzi, itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizakwongerera umuyoboro wa IV kandi rishobora kuguha indi miti kugira ngo ifashe kwirinda ibimenyetso by'uburwayi. Uzaba ukeneye kuryama utuje mu gihe cyo gutera uyu muti, akenshi bifata iminota 30 kugeza ku isaha, bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye.

Mugihe cyo kuvurwa, abaforomo bazakurikiranira hafi ibimenyetso byawe by'ubuzima kandi barebe ibimenyetso byose by'amaraso ava cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kwibasirwa n'umubiri. Ntabwo uzagomba kurya cyangwa kunywa ikintu icyo aricyo cyose cyihariye mbere y'uburyo, ariko igifu cyawe kigomba kuba cyuzuye niba bishoboka kugirango ugabanye ibibazo.

Urutonde nyarwo n'igihe bizamara biterwa n'uburemere bwawe, ubwoko bw'amaraso avuye avurwa, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Muganga wawe azabara umubare nyawo ukeneye ashingiye kuri ibi bintu.

Nzagenda Ndegeje Streptokinase Igihe Kingana Gite?

Streptokinase akenshi itangwa nk'icyiciro kimwe cyo kuvura, ntabwo ari nk'umuti ukomeza. Abantu benshi bakira urutonde rwuzuye mu minota 30 kugeza kuri 60, bitewe n'icyo barimo bavura n'uko umubiri wawe witwara.

Kubijyanye n'umutima, ubuvuzi busanzwe bumara iminota nka 60. Kubindi bibazo nk'amaraso mu bihaha, birashobora gutwara igihe kirekire - rimwe na rimwe kugeza ku masaha 24 kubibazo bikomeye. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizagena igihe nyacyo rishingiye ku miterere yawe yihariye.

Nyuma yo kuvurwa bwa mbere, ntuzakomeza gufata streptokinase. Ariko, birashoboka ko uzatangira imiti yindi kugirango wirinde ko amaraso mashya akora, nk'aspirine cyangwa izindi miti ituma amaraso ataguma. Iyi miti ikurikira ifasha gukomeza inyungu zo kuvura amaraso avuye.

Ni Iyihe Miterere Ibyara Streptokinase?

Kimwe n'imiti yose ikomeye, streptokinase irashobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo atari buri wese uyibona. Ikibazo gikomeye ni ukuva amaraso, kuko umuti ugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'amaraso yawe bwo gukora neza.

Dore ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo mugihe cyangwa nyuma yo kuvurwa:

• Kuva amaraso ahantu batera inshinge, ibikomere, cyangwa ibikomere byabazwe
• Gukomeretswa byoroshye kuruta uko bisanzwe
• Isesemi cyangwa guhungabana gato kw'igifu
• Urubanza ruto rw'umuriro
• Umutwe
• Imitsi cyangwa kubabara kw'ingingo

Ibyinshi muri ibyo bigaragara byo mu mubiri ni iby'igihe gito kandi bikemuka mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri igihe umuti uba wavuye mu mubiri wawe.

Ingaruka zikomeye zikeneye ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga, nubwo bitajya bibaho cyane:

• Gushirira amaraso bikabije bitahagarara
• Amara mu nkari cyangwa mu musarani
• Umutwe ukabije cyangwa urujijo
• Kubura umwuka cyangwa kuribwa mu gituza
• Ibimenyetso byo kwibasirwa n'umubiri nk'uruhu rurya, kubyimba, cyangwa kugorwa kumeza
• Urubavu rukabije rutunguranye

Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rigukurikiranira hafi mu gihe cyo kuvurwa no nyuma yaho kugira ngo bamenye ibibazo byose hakiri kare. Biteguye guhangana n'izo ngaruka ziramutse zibaye.

Ibice bimwe na bimwe bidakunze kubaho ariko bikomeye birimo gushirira amaraso mu bwonko (intracranial hemorrhage), bibaho ku bagera kuri 0.5% by'abarwayi. Kwibasirwa n'umubiri bikabije nabyo ntibisanzwe ariko birashobora kubaho, cyane cyane niba warahawe streptokinase mbere.

Ninde utagomba gufata Streptokinase?

Streptokinase ntabwo ari nziza kuri buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe mbere yo kugusaba ubu buvuzi. Ibyiciro bimwe na bimwe bituma ibyago byo gushirira amaraso biba byinshi ugereranije n'inyungu zishobora kuboneka.

Ntabwo ukwiye guhabwa streptokinase niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Gushirira amaraso mu gice icyo aricyo cyose cy'umubiri wawe
• Kubagwa vuba (mu byumweru 2-4)
• Urukonda rwo mu mutwe rwa vuba cyangwa sitiroko
• Indwara zizwi zo gushirira amaraso
• Umubyigano ukabije w'amaraso utagenzurwa
• Amateka ya aneurysm y'ubwonko cyangwa arteriovenous malformation

Ibi bice byongera cyane ibyago byawe byo gushirira amaraso bikomeye bishobora gutera urupfu.

Muganga wawe azitonda cyane mu gukoresha streptokinase niba ufite:

• Ubuvuzi bwa mbere na streptokinase (byongera ibyago byo kugira allergie)
• Uburwayi bwa vuba bwa strep throat cyangwa indwara
• Gusama
• Indwara ikomeye y'umwijima cyangwa impyiko
• Imirimo ya vuba yo mu menyo cyangwa gukuramo iryinyo
• Diabetic retinopathy hamwe no kuva amaraso

Muri ibyo bihe, muganga wawe ashobora guhitamo umuti utandukanye wo gukura ibyuma by'amaraso cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura butekanye ku miterere yawe yihariye.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Streptokinase

Streptokinase iboneka munsi y'amazina menshi y'ubwoko, nubwo verisiyo rusange ikoreshwa cyane mu bitaro. Izina ry'ubwoko rizwi cyane ni Streptase, yari imwe mu nzego za mbere z'ubucuruzi z'uyu muti.

Andi mazina y'ubwoko arimo Kabikinase na Streptokinase-INN, nubwo kuboneka bitandukanye bitewe n'igihugu n'ubuvuzi. Mu bitaro byinshi, uzakira verisiyo rusange, ifite akamaro kimwe n'ibicuruzwa by'amazina y'ubwoko.

Umuti ni umwe nubwo izina ry'ubwoko ryaba ari irihe - byose birimo enzyme imwe ikora isesura ibyuma by'amaraso. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizakoresha verisiyo iyo ari yo yose iboneka mu bitaro byawe.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Streptokinase

Imiti itandukanye yo gukura ibyuma by'amaraso irashobora gukora nk'uburyo bwo gusimbuza streptokinase, buri kimwe gifite inyungu zacyo n'ibitekerezo. Muganga wawe ashobora guhitamo uburyo butandukanye bushingiye ku miterere yawe yihariye n'amateka y'ubuvuzi.

Alteplase (tPA) ni umuti mushya ukunda gukoreshwa ku burwayi bwo mu bwonko kuko ushobora gutangwa mu gihe kirekire kandi ushobora gutera allergie nkeya. Ariko, ihenze kuruta streptokinase.

Reteplase na tenecteplase bisa na alteplase ariko birashobora gutangwa vuba nk'urushinge rwa bolus aho kuba infusion ikomeza. Ibi birashobora guhitwamo mu bihe byihutirwa.

Kubera uburwayi bumwe na bumwe, abaganga bashobora gukoresha uburyo bwo gukuraho ibibumbye by'amaraso hakoreshejwe imashini aho gukoresha imiti. Ibi bikubiyemo gucisha igikoresho gito mu miyoboro y'amaraso yawe kugira ngo bakureho ibibumbye by'amaraso, ibyo bishobora kugira akamaro iyo imiti itakwiriye.

Ese Streptokinase iruta Alteplase?

Zombi streptokinase na alteplase ni imiti ikora neza mu gukemura ibibumbye by'amaraso, ariko buri imwe ifite imbaraga zitandukanye bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze. Guhitamo

Itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga rizagenzura neza amaso yawe n’ubuzima bwawe muri rusange mbere yo kuvurwa. Bazagenzura kandi urugero rw’isukari mu maraso yawe cyane cyane mu gihe cyo kuvurwa no nyuma yaho, kuko umunaniro wo kuvurwa ushobora kugira ingaruka ku rugero rwa glucose yawe.

Niba ufite diyabete igenzurwa neza nta ngorane, streptokinase muri rusange ni nziza kuri wowe nk'uko kuri undi wese. Inyungu zo kurokora ubuzima mubisanzwe ziruta ibyago mu bihe by'ubutabazi.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba mbonye streptokinase nyinshi bitunguranye?

Ntushobora kubona streptokinase nyinshi bitunguranye kuko itangwa gusa n'abantu b'inzobere mu by'ubuvuzi mu bitaro bigenzurwa. Itsinda ryawe ry’ubuzima ribara urugero nyarwo rishingiye ku kuremera kwawe n'uburwayi bwawe, kandi rigenzura neza itangwa ry’umuti.

Niba umuti mwinshi wabaho, itsinda ryawe ry’ubuvuzi ryahita rihagarika itangwa ry’umuti kandi rigatangira kuvura kugira ngo rigabanye amaraso. Bashobora kuguha imiti ifasha amaraso yawe gufata neza cyangwa gutanga ibicuruzwa by’amaraso niba bikenewe.

Ibitaro bifite amabwiriza n'imiti ivura ibibazo byose biva ku miti myinshi. Iyi niyo mpamvu streptokinase itangwa gusa ahantu haboneka ubufasha bwihuse bw'ubuvuzi.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba ntasize urugero rwa streptokinase?

Kutabona urugero rwa streptokinase muri rusange ntibitera impungenge kuko akenshi itangwa nk'icyiciro kimwe cyo kuvura aho gutanga urugero rwinshi. Uyu muti utangwa buri gihe mu gihe giteganijwe, akenshi iminota 30 kugeza kuri 60.

Niba itangwa ry’umuti rihagaritswe bitunguranye, itsinda ryawe ry’ubuvuzi rizasuzuma niba rishobora kongera gutangira rishingiye ku gihe gishize n'uburyo urimo gusubiza mu kuvurwa. Bashobora gukomeza itangwa ry’umuti, guhindurira ku wundi muti, cyangwa gukoresha ubundi buryo bwo kuvura.

Igihe cyo kuvura amaraso ni ingenzi, bityo abaganga bawe bazafata ibyemezo vuba kugira ngo bakwemeze ko ubona uburyo bwo kuvurwa bwiza cyane kubera uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.

Nshobora Kureka Gufata Streptokinase Ryari?

Ubusanzwe ntabwo "uhagarika" gufata streptokinase mu buryo busanzwe kuko itangwa nk'urugero rumwe rw'imiti. Iyo imiti imaze gutangwa, imiti igenda iva mu mubiri wawe buhoro buhoro mu masaha 12 kugeza kuri 24 akurikira.

Muganga wawe azagukurikiranira amasaha menshi nyuma yo kuvurwa kugira ngo yemeze ko uruvu rwashize kandi ko nta ngorane urimo guhura nazo. Bazatangira kandi kuguha izindi miti yo gukumira urundi ruvu ruzongera kuvuka.

Imiti ikurikira, nk'aspirine cyangwa izindi miti ituma amaraso ataguma, niyo uzakenera gukomeza gufata nk'uko byategetswe. Muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza yihariye yerekeye ubu buvuzi bukomeza mbere yo kuva mu bitaro.

Nshobora Kwakira Streptokinase Inshuro Zirenga Imwe?

Kwaka streptokinase inshuro zirenga imwe birashobora guteza akaga kuko umubiri wawe ushobora gukora imbaraga zirwanya yo nyuma yo kuvurwa bwa mbere. Izi mbaraga zirwanya umubiri zirashobora gutuma imiti itagira akamaro kandi ikongera ibyago byo guhura n'ibibazo by'uburwayi.

Niba ukeneye kongera kuvurwa kugira ngo uruvu rushire, muganga wawe ashobora guhitamo undi muti nka alteplase aho gukoresha streptokinase. Ibi bituma uvurwa neza nta ngaruka zikomeye.

Igihe kiri hagati y'ubuvuzi kirashimishije kandi - niba umaze guhabwa streptokinase vuba aha (mu mezi 6 kugeza ku mwaka), muganga wawe azakoresha undi muti. Buri gihe ujye ubwira abaganga bawe niba warigeze guhabwa streptokinase mbere.