Icyo Tafamidis ari cyo: Ibikoresho, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Tafamidis ni umuti wihariye wagenewe gutinda iterambere ry'indwara zimwe na zimwe zidakunze kuboneka z'umutima n'imitsi ziterwa n'ibice bya poroteyine bidahwitse. Uyu muti wandikirwa na muganga ukora mu guhagarika poroteyine yitwa transthyretin, ukabuza ko isenyuka igakora ibice byangiza mu ngingo zawe.

Niba muganga wawe yaraguhaye tafamidis, birashoboka ko urwaye indwara igira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri wawe ukoresha iyi poroteyine y'ingenzi. Nubwo izi ndwara zikomeye, kugira uburyo bwo kuzivura neza bitanga icyizere kandi bigafasha gukomeza ubuzima bwawe mu gihe kirekire.

Tafamidis ni iki?

Tafamidis ni umuti uhagarika poroteyine ubuza transthyretin gusenyuka no guteza ibibazo ku mutima wawe n'imitsi. Tekereza nk'igikoresho gifata molekile kigumisha iyi poroteyine mu isura yayo nziza kandi ihamye.

Uyu muti ubarirwa mu cyiciro cy'ibihagarika transthyretin, bigatuma uba umuti wa mbere wemerejwe kuvura uburyo bwihariye bwa amyloidosis. Umwijima wawe ukora poroteyine ya transthyretin mu buryo busanzwe, ariko ku bantu bamwe, iyi poroteyine irahinduka ntihamye ikora ibice byangiza mu ngingo.

Tafamidis iza mu buryo bubiri: ibinini bisanzwe n'uburyo bushya, bukomeye bwa tafamidis meglumine. Byombi bikora kimwe ariko bitandukanye mu mbaraga no mu buryo bwo gufata imiti.

Tafamidis ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Tafamidis ivura indwara ebyiri z'ingenzi: transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy na hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis hamwe na polyneuropathy. Zombi zikoresha poroteyine imwe ifite ibibazo ariko zigira ingaruka ku bice bitandukanye by'umubiri wawe.

Muri transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy, ibice bya poroteyine bidahwitse bishyirwa cyane mu mikaya y'umutima wawe, bigatuma ikakara ntishobore gutera amaraso neza. Iyi ndwara ishobora gutera guhumeka nabi, umunaniro, no kubyimba amaguru n'inda.

Amyloidose ya transthyretin y'umurage hamwe na polyneuropathy ahanini igira ingaruka ku miyoboro yawe y'imitsi yo ku mubiri, itera ububabare, kuribwa, no kunanuka mu ntoki zawe n'ibirenge. Ubu bwoko buhererekanywa mu miryango kandi busanzwe butangira mu gihe cy'ubukure.

Umuvuzi wawe azemeza icyemezo cyawe binyuze mu bizami byihariye, harimo ibizamini bya genetike n'ibizamini byihariye by'umutima cyangwa ibizamini by'imitsi. Ibi bibazo ni bike, bigira ingaruka ku bantu bake gusa ku isi hose, ariko birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi hatabayeho kuvurwa neza.

Tafamidis ikora ite?

Tafamidis ikora muguhuza na poroteyine ya transthyretin no kuyigumisha mu maraso yawe. Ibi birinda ko poroteyine itandukana no gukora ibice byo gukora byangiza inyama zawe.

Muri rusange, transthyretin itwara imisemburo ya thyroid na vitamine A mu mubiri wawe. Ariko, ku bantu bafite amyloidose, iyi poroteyine irahinduka itajegajega kandi ikagenda nabi, ikora ibice byangiza byitwa amyloid fibrils.

Umuti ukora nk'umugabuzi wa molekile, ufungira poroteyine mumiterere yayo neza. Ibi ntibisubiza inyuma ibyangiritse, ariko bitinda cyane gukorwa kw'ibice bishya bya poroteyine, bifasha kubungabunga imikorere y'inyama zawe uko igihe kigenda.

Tafamidis ifatwa nk'umuti ukomeye cyane ufite ibikorwa byihariye. Ntabwo ari umuti, ariko ubushakashatsi bwa kliniki bwerekana ko bushobora gutinda cyane iterambere ry'indwara no kunoza imibereho iyo bitangiye hakiri kare mu gihe cy'indwara.

Nkwiriye gufata Tafamidis nte?

Fata tafamidis nkuko umuganga wawe abyandika, akenshi rimwe ku munsi hamwe cyangwa hatariho ibiryo. Urutonde rusanzwe ni 20mg buri munsi (ikapsule imwe) cyangwa 61mg buri munsi (amakapsule ane), bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye n'uburyo bwanditswe.

Ushobora gufata uyu muti hamwe n'amazi, amata, cyangwa umutobe - ibiryo ntibigira ingaruka zigaragara ku buryo umubiri wawe uyafata. Ariko, gerageza kuwufata ku gihe kimwe buri munsi kugira ngo ugumane urwego rumwe mu maraso yawe.

Minya ibinini byose utabifunguye, utabikubise, cyangwa utabishishuye. Niba ugira ikibazo cyo kumira ibinini, ganira na muganga wawe ku bindi bisubizo, kuko umuti ugomba gufatwa neza kugira ngo ukore neza.

Bika umuti wawe ku bushyuhe busanzwe, kure y'ubushuhe n'ubushyuhe. Ubike mu gikoresho cyacyo cy'umwimerere hamwe n'agapaki ka desiccant kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika kw'ubushuhe, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mbaraga z'umuti.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Iki Ndafata Tafamidis?

Tafamidis akenshi ni uburyo bwo kuvura burambye uzakenera gukomeza igihe cyose kugira ngo ugumane ingaruka zayo zirinda. Kubera ko itinda iterambere ry'indwara aho gukiza indwara, guhagarika umuti bituma amabuye ya poroteyine yangiza yongera kwiremamo.

Muganga wawe azakurikiza uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze binyuze mu kugenzura buri gihe, ibizamini by'amaraso, n'ubushakashatsi bwo gushushanya. Ibi bifasha kumenya niba umuti ukora neza mu gutinda iterambere ry'indwara yawe kandi niba hariho guhindura urugero rukenewe.

Abantu benshi bakira neza tafamidis bakomeza kuyifata imyaka myinshi. Inyungu z'umuti zirigaragaza uko igihe kigenda gihita, hamwe n'ubushakashatsi bwerekana itandukaniro rikomeye mu iterambere ry'indwara nyuma y'amezi 12 kugeza kuri 18 yo kuvurwa buri gihe.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata tafamidis utabanje kubiganiraho na muganga wawe. Guhagarika ako kanya ntizatera ibimenyetso byo gukurwaho biteye akaga, ariko bizatuma ubuzima bwawe bugenda neza vuba kuruta uko byari kugenda uramutse ukomeje kuvurwa.

Ni Iyihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Tafamidis?

Abantu benshi bafata tafamidis neza, hamwe n'ingaruka ziba zoroshye kandi zishobora gucungwa. Umuti ufite umutekano mwiza ugereranije n'ubundi buryo bwo kuvura indwara zidakunze kuboneka.

Ibi nibyo bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara bishobora kukubaho:

• Ibibazo byo mu gifu nk'isuka, guhitwa, cyangwa kutumva neza mu gifu
• Umutwe cyangwa isereri
• Umunaniro cyangwa kumva urushye kurusha uko bisanzwe
• Indwara zo mu myanya yo hejuru y'ubuhumekero
• Indwara zo mu myanya y'inkari

Ibi bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara bikunda kuvaho umubiri wawe umaze kumenyera umuti mu byumweru bike bya mbere by'ubuvuzi.

Nubwo bitabaho kenshi, abantu bamwe bashobora kugira ibimenyetso bikomeye bisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga:

• Urugero rukomeye rwo kwivumbura ku miti hamwe n'imivumo, kubyimba, cyangwa guhumeka bigoranye
• Ukuva amaraso cyangwa gukomereka bidasanzwe
• Uburibwe bukomeye mu gifu budahinduka
• Ibimenyetso by'ibibazo by'umwijima nk'uruhu cyangwa amaso by'umuhondo
• Ibimenyetso bikomeye cyangwa bibi by'umutima

Vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikomeye. Abantu benshi barashobora gukomeza gufata tafamidis mu buryo bwizewe hamwe n'ubugenzuzi bukwiye n'inkunga.

Ninde utagomba gufata Tafamidis?

Tafamidis ntikwiriye buri wese, kandi umuganga wawe azasuzuma neza niba bikwiriye imiterere yawe. Abantu bafite allergie zizwi kuri tafamidis cyangwa ibintu byayo byose bagomba kwirinda uyu muti.

Umuganga wawe azitonda cyane niba ufite indwara ikomeye y'umwijima, kuko umubiri wawe ushobora kutabasha gukora neza uyu muti. Nubwo ibibazo byoroheje by'umwijima bitagutera guhita uhagarikwa, bishobora gusaba guhindura urugero cyangwa kugenzura hafi.

Abagore batwite ntibagomba gufata tafamidis, kuko ingaruka zayo ku bana bakiri mu nda ntizisobanukiwe neza. Niba uteganya gutwita cyangwa uvumbuye ko utwite ukoresha uyu muti, vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya kugira ngo muganire ku zindi nzira.

Ababyeyi bonsa bagomba kwirinda tafamidis, kuko ntibizwi niba uyu muti ujya mu mata y'ibere. Umuganga wawe ashobora kugufasha gupima inyungu n'ibibazo niba urera umwana.

Abantu barwaye indwara ikomeye y'impyiko bashobora gukenera guhindura urugero rw'umuti, nubwo ibibazo byoroheje kugeza ku bikomeye by'impyiko mubisanzwe ntibibuza gukoresha tafamidis. Muganga wawe azagenzura imikorere y'impyiko zawe buri gihe mugihe uvurwa.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Tafamidis

Tafamidis iboneka munsi y'amazina abiri y'ubwoko bw'ingenzi: Vyndaqel na Vyndamax. Byombi birimo ibintu bimwe bikora ariko bitandukanye muburyo bwakozwemo no gutanga imiti.

Vyndaqel irimo tafamidis meglumine kandi iza mumiti ya 20mg, mubisanzwe ifatwa rimwe kumunsi. Iyi niyo verisiyo ya mbere yemejwe kandi igikoreshwa cyane kubibazo by'umutima n'imitsi y'iyi ndwara.

Vyndamax irimo tafamidis (ntarimo meglumine) mumiti ya 61mg, nayo ifatwa rimwe kumunsi. Ubu buryo bushya bungana n'imiti ine ya Vyndaqel kandi akenshi ikundwa kubera gahunda yayo yoroshye yo gutanga imiti.

Ubwoko bwombi burakora kimwe - guhitamo hagati yabyo akenshi biterwa n'icyo muganga wawe akunda, ubwishingizi bwawe, n'uburyo bwiza bwo gufata imiti buri gihe.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Tafamidis

Kugeza ubu, hari uburyo buke bwo gusimbuza tafamidis mugukoresha indwara ya transthyretin amyloidosis. Ukuntu ibi bibazo bidakunze kubaho bisobanura ko uburyo bwo kuvura bugihari, bigatuma tafamidis igira agaciro kanini.

Kubera indwara ya transthyretin amyloidosis ifitanye isano na polyneuropathy, patisiran na inotersen ni uburyo bwo kuvura bwa RNA interference bukora muburyo butandukanye na tafamidis. Iyi miti igabanya umusaruro wa poroteyine ya transthyretin aho kuyikomeza.

Guhindura umwijima birashobora gutekerezwa kubantu bamwe barwaye indwara zifitanye isano, kuko umwijima ukora poroteyine nyinshi zifite ibibazo. Ariko, iyi operasiyo ikomeye ikwiriye gusa abarwayi batoranijwe neza kandi ntigufasha kubibazo bifitanye isano n'umutima.

Mu bijyanye no kuvura ibimenyetso, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba imiti ifasha mu kugabanya umutima, kuribwa mu ntsinga, cyangwa izindi ngorane. Ubu buvuzi bufasha bukora hamwe na tafamidis kugira ngo buteze imbere imibereho yawe.

Ubuvuzi bwo mu ntsinga n'ubundi buvuzi bugeragezwa burimo burigwa, ariko tafamidis iracyari uburyo bw'ibanze bwemejwe bwo kugabanya uko indwara ikomeza mu barwayi benshi.

Ese Tafamidis iruta ubundi buvuzi?

Tafamidis itanga inyungu zidasanzwe nk'umuti wa mbere unyobwa mu kanwa wemejwe wo kugabanya uko indwara ikomeza muri transthyretin amyloidosis. Ku barwayi benshi, itanga uburyo bwo kuvura bwiza bworoshye gukoresha kurusha izindi nkingo ziterwa.

Ugereranije na patisiran na inotersen, tafamidis ifite ingaruka nke zikomeye kandi ntisaba gukurikiranwa buri gihe kubera uburozi bw'umwijima cyangwa impinduka mu mubare w'amaraso. Ibi bituma iba uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha igihe kirekire ku bantu benshi.

Uburyo bwo kunywa mu kanwa butuma tafamidis igira inyungu ikomeye ugereranije n'imiti iterwa. Urashobora kuyifata mu rugo utagombye kujya kwa muganga, bigatuma byoroha gukurikiza ubuvuzi buhoraho.

Ariko, ubuvuzi "bwiza" buterwa n'ubwoko bwawe bwihariye bwa amyloidosis, icyiciro cy'indwara, n'ibintu by'ubuzima bwawe bwite. Muganga wawe azatekereza ibi byose igihe agushakira ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Abantu bamwe bashobora kungukirwa cyane n'uburyo bwo guhuza cyangwa guhinduranya hagati y'ubuvuzi uko indwara yabo ikomeza. Gukurikiranwa buri gihe bifasha kumenya neza ko urimo kubona gahunda y'ubuvuzi yoroshye.

Ibikunze kubazwa kuri Tafamidis

Ese Tafamidis irakwiriye ku bantu barwaye indwara z'umutima?

Yego, tafamidis yagenewe by'umwihariko abantu bafite transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy, uburyo bwa indwara z'umutima. Mubyukuri, igeragezwa ryo kwa muganga ryagaragaje ko tafamidis yagabanyije abantu bajyanwa mu bitaro kandi ikongera imibereho ku bantu bafite iyi ndwara.

Umuganga wawe azajya akurikirana imikorere y'umutima wawe buri gihe igihe uri gufata tafamidis. Uyu muti ntugira ingaruka mbi ku zindi ndwara z'umutima kandi ushobora no gufasha mu kubungabunga imikorere y'umutima mu kurinda ko proteyine zongera kwibika.

Ninkora iki niramuka mfashwe tafamidis nyinshi?

Nuramuka ufashwe tafamidis nyinshi, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe imiti ihumanya ako kanya. Nubwo amakuru ku birebana no gufata imiti myinshi atari menshi kubera ko uyu muti ari mushya, ni ngombwa kubona inama z'abaganga.

Ntugerageze kwivuruguta cyangwa gufata indi miti yo gukumira iyo ufashwe imiti myinshi. Jya wandika neza umubare w'imiti myinshi wafashe n'igihe wayifatiye, kuko aya makuru azagufasha abaganga kumenya uburyo bwiza bwo kugufasha.

Ninkora iki niramuka nibagiwe gufata tafamidis?

Nuramuka wibagiwe gufata urugero rw'umuti, uwufate ako kanya wibukiye, keretse igihe kigeze ngo ufate urugero rukurikira. Mu gihe bimeze bityo, reka urugero wibagiwe ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ntuzigere ufata urugero rw'imiti ebyiri icyarimwe kugira ngo usimbure urugero wibagiwe. Niba ukunda kwibagirwa gufata imiti, tekereza gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone yawe cyangwa ukoreshe agasanduku k'imiti kugira ngo bigufashe kubahiriza uburyo bwo kuvurwa.

Nshobora guhagarika ryari gufata tafamidis?

Ugomba guhagarika gufata tafamidis gusa iyo ubisabwe n'umuganga wawe. Kubera ko ari uburyo bwo kuvura burambye indwara ikomeza kwiyongera, guhagarika ntibisanzwe gukorwa keretse niba ugize ingaruka zikomeye cyangwa indwara yawe ihindutse cyane.

Umuganga wawe ashobora gutekereza guhagarika niba ugize izindi ndwara zigutera kutagira umutekano wo gukomeza kuvurwa, cyangwa niba gukurikiranwa buri gihe byerekana ko umuti utatanga inyungu zitezwe ku byerekeye uko urwaye.

Nshobora gufata tafamidis hamwe n'indi miti?

Tafamidis muri rusange ntigira imikoranire myinshi n'izindi miti, bituma ijyana neza n'imiti myinshi ushobora gukenera kubera izindi ndwara. Ariko, buri gihe ujye umenyesha muganga wawe imiti yose, ibiyobyabwenge, n'ibicuruzwa by'ibyatsi urimo gufata.

Muganga wawe azasuzuma urutonde rw'imiti yose ufata kugira ngo arebe niba nta mikoranire igoye irimo. Hari imiti imwe na rimwe ishobora gukenera guhindurirwa igihe ifatirwa cyangwa guhindurirwa urugero rwayo kugira ngo ikore neza hamwe na tafamidis.