Theophylline (inzira yo mu maraso): Imikoreshereze, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti n'ibindi

Theophylline itangwa binyuze mu muyoboro w'amaraso ni umuti ugura imiyoboro y'ubuhumekero ufasha gufungura inzira z'ubuhumekero igihe ufite ibibazo bikomeye byo guhumeka. Ikoreshwa cyane mu bitaro igihe ukeneye ubufasha bwihuse ku gitero gikomeye cya asima cyangwa izindi ndwara zikomeye z'ibihaha zititabiriye neza izindi miti.

Uyu muti ukora ureka imitsi ikikije inzira zawe z'ubuhumekero, bigatuma guhumeka byoroha. Nubwo imaze imyaka myinshi ikoreshwa nk'umuti wizewe, abaganga ubu basigira theophylline yo mu maraso mu gihe cy'ibibazo bikomeye aho indi miti itatanze ubufasha buhagije.

Theophylline ni iki?

Theophylline ni umuti wo mu itsinda ryitwa methylxanthines, ari zo ntungamubiri zifasha kurekurura imitsi yoroshye mu mubiri wawe. Iyo itanzwe mu maraso, ijya mu maraso yawe ako kanya kugira ngo ikore vuba ugereranije n'ibinini cyangwa uburyo bwo kunywa.

Uyu muti ufitanye isano na cafeine, ni yo mpamvu zimwe mu ngaruka zayo zishobora kumvikana neza niba wumva cyane icyayi cyangwa ikawa. Uburyo bwo mu maraso butuma abaganga bagenzura urugero rw'umuti neza kandi bagakurikirana neza uko umubiri wawe witwara, ibyo bikaba ari ingenzi cyane kuko theophylline igomba kuguma mu rugero runaka mu maraso yawe kugira ngo ikore neza kandi mu buryo butekanye.

Ubusanzwe uzahabwa uyu muti mu bitaro aho abaganga bashobora kureba ingaruka zose ziterwa n'iyo miti no guhindura urugero rw'umuti uko bikwiye. Inzira yo mu maraso ituma umuti ugera mu bihaha byawe vuba igihe ufite ibibazo byo guhumeka.

Theophylline ikoreshwa mu iki?

Theophylline yo mu maraso ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura ibitero bikomeye bya asima n'indwara y'ubuhumekero idakira (COPD) iyo izindi miti zitagikora neza. Ifatwa nk'umuti wa kabiri, bivuze ko abaganga bakoresha indi miti mbere.

Ibi nibyo bintu by'ingenzi umuganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukoresha umuti wa theophylline mu rwego rwo kuwutera mu urugingo rw'umubiri:

• Ibitero bikomeye bya asima bititabira imiti isanzwe ikoreshwa mu gufungura imiyoboro y'ubuhumekero nka albuterol
• Kuzamba kwa COPD (kuzamba kw'ibimenyetso by'indwara) ku barwayi barwariye mu bitaro
• Status asthmaticus, ni igitero cya asima gishobora kwica kitagira icyo gihindura n'imiti isanzwe ikoreshwa
• Apnea ya prematurity ku bana bakivuka, aho abana bahagarika guhumeka mu gihe gito
• Rimwe na rimwe ku barwayi bafite uburwayi bw'umutima bafite amazi mu muhogo

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, abaganga bashobora gukoresha theophylline ku zindi ndwara zifitanye isano no guhumeka, ariko ibi bintu ntibisanzwe. Itsinda ry'ubuvuzi ryawe rizagereranya neza inyungu n'ibishobora guteza akaga mbere yo kugusaba ubu buvuzi ku kibazo cyawe cyihariye.

Theophylline ikora ite?

Theophylline ikora ibyiciro by'imikorere y'umubiri wawe yitwa phosphodiesterases, bituma imitsi y'imiyoboro y'ubuhumekero yawe iruhuka byoroshye. Tekereza nk'ukuvana amabereka akomeza imiyoboro yawe, ukayemerera gufunguka kugirango umwuka ushobore gutembera neza.

Uyu muti kandi ufite ingaruka nto zo kurwanya ububyimbirwe, bishobora gufasha kugabanya ububyimbirwe mu miyoboro yawe y'ubuhumekero butuma guhumeka bigorana. Byongeye kandi, birashobora gukomeza umutsi wawe wa diaphragm, niwo mutsi ukoresha cyane mu guhumeka.

Nka bronchodilator, theophylline ifatwa nk'ikomeye ku rugero ruciriritse ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa neza kuko itandukaniro riri hagati y'urugero rukora neza n'urugero rushobora guteza akaga ni gito. Ibi nibyo bituma uzakenera ibizamini by'amaraso buri gihe kugirango urebe urwego rwa theophylline mugihe urimo kuyihabwa.

Nkwiriye gufata theophylline nte?

Kubera ko uyu muti utererwa mu maraso, ntabwo uzawifata wenyine - abaganga bafite ubushobozi bazawutera binyuze mu muyoboro wa IV mu kuboko kwawe cyangwa mu kiganza cyawe. Uyu muti akenshi utangwa mu buryo bwo gutera buhoro buhoro, aho gutera inshinge vuba.

Umuforomo wawe azatangira n'urugero rwo gutangira, urwo rukaba ari urugero runini rwa mbere kugira ngo urugero rw'umuti mu maraso yawe rugere aho rugomba kuba vuba. Nyuma yaho, uzahabwa urugero ruto ruzigama binyuze muri IV kugira ngo urugero rukwiye rukomeze mu mubiri wawe.

Ntabwo ugomba guhangayika ku bijyanye no gufata uyu muti hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa amazi kuko ujya mu maraso yawe. Ariko, menyesha ikipe yawe y'ubuzima ku bijyanye na cafeine wanyoye vuba aha, kuko ishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo theophylline ikora mu mubiri wawe.

IV izagenzurwa neza, kandi ikipe yawe y'ubuzima izagenzura ahantu batera inshinge buri gihe kugira ngo barebe ko nta gusharira cyangwa kubyimba. Niba ubonye ikintu icyo aricyo cyose kitagenda neza ahantu batera inshinge, menyesha umuforomo wawe ako kanya.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Iki Ndafata Theophylline?

Igihe cyo kuvura na IV theophylline giterwa n'uburemere bw'ibibazo byawe byo guhumeka n'uburyo witwara neza ku muti. Abantu benshi barawuhabwa mu minsi mike bakiri mu bitaro.

Muganga wawe azagenzura guhumeka kwawe, urugero rwa oxygen, n'ibizamini by'amaraso kugira ngo amenye igihe witeguye guhagarika umuti cyangwa guhindurira ku bundi buryo bwo kuvura. Abarwayi bamwe bashobora guhindukira kuri theophylline yo kunywa cyangwa izindi bronchodilators mbere yuko IV ihagarikwa.

Mu bihe byinshi, uzakomeza guhabwa IV theophylline kugeza igihe guhumeka kwawe kuzaba kwiyongereye cyane kandi muganga wawe akaba yumva yizeye ko ushobora gukomeza guhumeka neza n'ubundi buryo bwo kuvura. Ubu buryo bugenda buhoro buhoro kandi bugenzurwa neza kugira ngo birinde inzitizi izo ari zo zose.

Ni Iyihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Theophylline?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, IV theophylline ishobora gutera ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti, nubwo atari buri wese uzagira izo ngaruka. Ingaruka zikunze kugaragara akenshi zijyana n'uko uwo muti usa na cafeine.

Dore ingaruka zikunze kugaragara ushobora kugira:

• Urugaruka no kuruka
• Umutwe
• Kutagira umutuzo cyangwa kumva uhungabanye
• Umutima utera vuba
• Kugorwa no gusinzira
• Urubu mu nda cyangwa kuribwa mu gituza
• Kuzunguza cyangwa guhinda urushyi

Izi ngaruka akenshi ziragendeka kandi zirashobora kugabanuka uko umubiri wawe umenyera umuti. Itsinda ry'abaganga bakwitaho bazagukurikiranira hafi kandi bashobora guhindura urugero rw'umuti ukoresha niba bibaye ngombwa.

Ingaruka zikomeye zirashobora kubaho, cyane cyane niba urugero rwa theophylline ruzamutse cyane mu maraso yawe. Izi ngaruka zisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga kandi zirimo urugaruka rukabije no kuruka, urujijo, umutima utera nabi, gufatwa n'ibihimbano, cyangwa umutwe ukabije.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, abantu bamwe bashobora kugira ibimenyetso by'uburwayi, gucibwamo kenshi, cyangwa impinduka zidasanzwe mu myifatire cyangwa imyitwarire. Itsinda ry'abaganga bakwitaho ryatojwe gukurikiranira hafi ibi bimenyetso kandi bazafata ingamba zikwiye niba bibaye.

Ninde utagomba gufata Theophylline?

Hariho ibintu byinshi aho IV theophylline idashobora kuba igisubizo cyiza kuri wowe. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe y'ubuzima mbere yo kugusaba ubu buvuzi.

Abantu bagomba kwirinda theophylline muri rusange barimo abafite:

• Uburwayi buzwi bwa theophylline cyangwa ibiyishamikiyeho
• Ibibazo bikomeye by'umutima
• Uburwayi bukomeye bwa peptic ulcer
• Uburwayi butagenzurwa bwo gufatwa n'ibihimbano
• Uburwayi bukomeye bw'umwijima
• Hyperthyroidism itagenzurwa neza

Muganga wawe azitonda cyane niba ufite indwara y'umutima, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, ibibazo by'impyiko, cyangwa niba ushaje. Izi ngorane ntizigutera kutabona theophylline, ariko zisaba gukurikiranwa hafi kandi birashoboka ko zikeneye urugero rutandukanye.

Abagore batwite n'abonsa bashobora guhabwa theophylline igihe bibaye ngombwa, ariko inyungu n'ibibazo bigomba gusuzumwa neza. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizaganira nawe kuri ibi niba bireba uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.

Amazina ya Theophylline

Theophylline ya IV iboneka mu mazina menshi y'ubucuruzi, nubwo ibitaro byinshi bikoresha verisiyo rusange. Amazina asanzwe y'ubucuruzi arimo Aminophylline, ikaba ari umunyu wa theophylline ukoreshwa kenshi mu gutanga IV.

Ushobora kandi kumva abaganga bavuga gusa "theophylline" cyangwa "aminophylline" mu buryo busimburana mugihe bavuga ku kuvurwa kwawe kwa IV. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni uko urimo guhabwa umuti umwe ukora nubwo izina ry'ubucuruzi ryaba ritandukanye.

Farumasi yawe y'ibitaro niyo izagena uburyo bwihariye bwo gukoresha hashingiwe ku kuboneka n'ibyo ukeneye. Imikorere iracyari imwe mu bwoko butandukanye mugihe imiti itanzwe neza.

Uburyo bwo gusimbura Theophylline

Imiti myinshi ishobora gukoreshwa mu mwanya wa cyangwa hamwe na IV theophylline kubibazo bikomeye byo guhumeka. Muganga wawe azahitamo uburyo bwiza bushingiye ku buzima bwawe bwihariye n'uburyo wabyitwayemo ku miti yabanje.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo gusimbura burimo:

• Imiti ikoreshwa mu guhumeka ifite doze nini nka albuterol cyangwa ipratropium
• Corticosteroids ya intravenous nka methylprednisolone
• Magnesium sulfate itangwa na IV
• Ubuvuzi buhoraho bwa nebulizer
• BiPAP cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bifasha guhumeka

Buri kimwe muri ibi bisimbura gifite inyungu zacyo n'ingaruka zishobora kubaho. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizakoresha akenshi uruvange rw'imiti aho kwishingikiriza ku muti umwe gusa kugirango rifashe kunoza guhumeka kwawe.

Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'ibintu nk'uburemere bw'ubuzima bwawe, amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi, n'uburyo ukeneye gukira vuba ibibazo byo guhumeka.

Ese Theophylline iruta izindi bronchodilators?

Theophylline ntabwo ari ngombwa ko iruta cyangwa ikaba mibi kurusha izindi bronchodilators - iratandukanye, kandi guhitamo neza biterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze. Ubuvuzi bwa none bukunda gukoresha bronchodilators nshya nka albuterol cyangwa ipratropium nk'imiti ya mbere kuko akenshi byoroshye gukoresha kandi bifite ingaruka nke.

Ariko, theophylline ishobora gufasha cyane iyo izindi miti zitatanze ubufasha buhagije. Ikora ikoresheje uburyo butandukanye n'izindi bronchodilators nyinshi, bivuze ko ishobora gufasha iyo imiti yindi igeze ku rugero rwayo.

Inyungu nyamukuru ya theophylline ni uko ishobora gutanga bronchodilation ihoraho kandi ikagira ingaruka zimwe zo kurwanya umubyimbirwe. Ingingo nyamukuru ni uko bisaba gukurikiranwa neza kandi bifite amahirwe menshi yo kugira ingaruka ugereranije na bronchodilators ihumeka.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku kibazo cyawe cyihariye cyo guhumeka, izindi miti urimo gufata, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange mugihe afata icyemezo niba theophylline ariyo miti ikwiriye kuri wowe.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Theophylline

Ese Theophylline irakwiriye abantu barwaye indwara z'umutima?

Theophylline irashobora gukoreshwa kubantu barwaye indwara z'umutima, ariko bisaba kwitonda no gukurikiranwa by'umwihariko. Uyu muti ushobora kongera umuvuduko w'umutima kandi ugashobora kugira ingaruka kumuvuduko w'umutima, bityo muganga wawe azagomba gupima inyungu zo guhumeka kwawe n'ibishobora guteza ibibazo kumutima wawe.

Niba urwaye indwara z'umutima, ikipe yawe y'ubuzima ishobora gutangira n'urugero ruto kandi igakurikirana umuvuduko w'umutima wawe mugihe urimo gufata uyu muti. Bashobora kandi gukora isuzuma ry'imikorere y'umutima wawe kenshi kuruta uko bisanzwe.

Nigute nakora niba mbonye theophylline nyinshi mu buryo butunganye?

Kubera ko wakira theophylline binyuze mu urushinge ruri mu ivuriro, itsinda ry'abaganga bakurikirana imiti ikoreshwa kandi bagenzura ibimenyetso byo gufata imiti myinshi. Ariko, niba ubonye ibimenyetso nk'isuka rikomeye, kuruka, umutima utera cyane, urujijo, cyangwa gufatwa, menyesha umuganga wawe ako kanya.

Kurenza urugero rwa theophylline ni ikibazo gikomeye cy'ubuzima gisaba kuvurwa ako kanya. Itsinda ry'abaganga bakurikirana imiti barashobora guhagarika vuba urushinge kandi bagatanga ubufasha niba bibaye ngombwa. Iyi ni imwe mu mpamvu ituma theophylline itangwa mu mavuriro akurikiranwa neza.

Bishobora kugenda bite niba urushinge rwanjye ruhagaze?

Niba urushinge rwawe rwa theophylline ruhagaze cyangwa rugahagarara gukora, menyesha umuganga wawe ako kanya. Ntugerageze kurusubiza wenyine. Kubura doze za theophylline bishobora gutuma ibibazo byawe byo guhumeka bisubira, bityo ni ngombwa gusubiza imiti vuba bishoboka.

Itsinda ry'abaganga bakurikirana imiti bazasubiza urushinge rwawe rwa none cyangwa batangire urushya niba bibaye ngombwa. Bazanakurikirana neza kugirango barebe ko guhumeka kwawe kuguma guhamye mugihe icyo aricyo cyose cyo guhagarika kuvurwa.

Nshobora guhagarika ryari gufata theophylline?

Ushobora guhagarika gufata theophylline iyo muganga wawe yemeje ko guhumeka kwawe kwitezwe imbere bihagije ku buryo utagikeneye. Iyi myanzuro ishingiye ku bintu byinshi birimo urwego rwa ogisijeni yawe, uko uhumeka byoroshye, n'ibisubizo byo gupima imikorere y'ibihaha.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugabanya buhoro buhoro doze mbere yo kuyihagarika burundu, cyangwa bashobora kuguha imiti yo kunywa cyangwa imiti yo guhumeka. Igihe kiratandukanye kuri buri muntu hashingiwe ku buryo yitwara ku miti n'uburwayi buri kuvurwa.

Nshobora gufata cafeine mugihe nakira theophylline?

Ni byiza kwirinda cyangwa kugabanya ikawa mugihe ukoresha theophylline kuko ibyo bintu byombi bifite ingaruka zisa kumubiri wawe. Kunywa ikawa nyinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zirimo guhinda umushyitsi, umutima gutera cyane, no kutabona ibitotsi.

Niba usanzwe unywa ikawa, icyayi, cyangwa ibindi binyobwa birimo ikawa, bimenyeshe ikipe yawe y'ubuzima. Bashobora kukugira inama niba kunywa bike byemewe cyangwa niba ugomba kwirinda ikawa rwose mugihe uvurwa.