Trimethoprim ni iki: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo gufata, ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti n'ibindi

Trimethoprim ni umuti wica mikorobe ufasha umubiri wawe kurwanya indwara ziterwa na bagiteri, cyane cyane izo mu nzira y'inkari. Uyu muti wandikirwa na muganga ukora ubu ukabuza bagiteri zangiza gukura no kwiyongera mu mubiri wawe. Ushobora kuwumenya nk'umuti woroshye ariko ufite akamaro, abaganga bakunze kwandika iyo urwaye indwara zikomeye zo mu nzira y'inkari zititabira imiti yindi yica mikorobe.

Trimethoprim ni iki?

Trimethoprim ni umwe mu miti yica mikorobe yitwa dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors. Ni umuti wica mikorobe wakozwe bwa mbere mu myaka ya za 1960 kandi umaze imyaka myinshi ufasha abantu koroherwa n'indwara ziterwa na bagiteri. Bitandukanye n'indi miti yica mikorobe ikomeye ishobora guhungabanya umubiri wawe wose, trimethoprim ikora mu buryo bwihariye ikoresha uburyo bagiteri zikoresha kugira ngo zibeho.

Uyu muti uza mu buryo bw'ibinini bifatirwa mu kanwa. Biboneka mu ngufu zitandukanye, akenshi ibinini bya 100mg na 200mg. Muganga wawe azakwandikira urugero rwawo rukwiye ku ndwara yawe yihariye n'ubuzima bwawe.

Trimethoprim ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Trimethoprim ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari (UTIs), zikaba ari indwara ziterwa na bagiteri zishobora kwibasira umura, impyiko, cyangwa imiyoboro itwara inkari ziva mu mpyiko zijya mu mura. Izi ndwara zikunze kubaho, cyane cyane ku bagore, kandi zishobora gutera ibimenyetso bitari byiza nk'ububabare mu gihe cyo kwihagarika no kugira inyota yo kwihagarika kenshi.

Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira trimethoprim iyo urwaye UTI ititabira imiti yica mikorobe y'ibanze, cyangwa iyo ibizamini byerekanye ko bagiteri itera indwara yawe yoroheje kuri uyu muti. Bifasha cyane cyane mu kuvura indwara ziterwa n'ubwoko runaka bwa bagiteri nka E. coli, itera UTI nyinshi.

Mu bindi bihe, abaganga bashobora no kwandikira abarwayi trimethoprim kugira ngo birinde indwara ziterwa na UTI zikunda kugaruka ku bantu bazirwara kenshi. Ibi byitwa kuvura mbere y'uko indwara ifata, bikaba bikubiyemo gufata urugero ruto rw'umuti mu gihe kirekire kugira ngo indwara zitongera kugaruka.

Mu buryo butajyenda bukoreshwa cyane, trimethoprim ishobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura izindi ndwara ziterwa na bagiteri, nk'indwara zimwe na zimwe zo mu nzira yo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero cyangwa indwara zifata abantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri butameze neza. Ariko, ubu buryo bukoreshwa gake cyane ugereranyije no kuvura UTI.

Trimethoprim ikora ite?

Trimethoprim ikora ibuza bagiteri gukora intungamubiri zingenzi zikeneye kugira ngo zibaho kandi zikororoke. By'umwihariko, ibuza enzyme yitwa dihydrofolate reductase, ikoreshwa na bagiteri mu gukora folate - ikintu gisa na vitamine kigenewe gukora ADN n'ibindi bice by'ingenzi by'uturemangingo.

Bitekereze nk'ukuvana ikintu cy'ingenzi mu ifunguro bagiteri zikeneye kugira ngo zikure. Hatariho iki kintu cy'ingenzi, bagiteri ntizishobora kwiyongera kandi amaherezo zikazima, bigatuma umubiri wawe wivura indwara. Ubu buryo butuma trimethoprim iba antibiyotike ya bacteriostatic, bivuze ko ihagarika bagiteri gukura aho kuzica ako kanya.

Trimethoprim ifatwa nk'antibiyotike ikomeye ku rugero ruciriritse. Ntabwo ikaze nk'andi ma antibiyotike akoreshwa mu buryo bwagutse ashobora kurimbura bagiteri zangiza n'izifitiye akamaro mu mubiri wawe. Ahubwo, ikunda kuba yihariye, bishobora kuvuga ko itabangamira cyane imiterere yawe isanzwe ya bagiteri.

Nkwiriye gufata trimethoprim nte?

Fata trimethoprim uko umuganga wawe abikwandikiye, akenshi rimwe cyangwa kabiri ku munsi bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze. Urashobora kuyifata urya cyangwa utarya, ariko kuyifata urya ifunguro cyangwa agace k'ifunguro bishobora kugufasha kugabanya ibibazo byo mu nda ushobora guhura nabyo.

Mimina ibinini byose hamwe n'ikirahure cyuzuye cy'amazi. Ntugasenye, utwike, cyangwa umenagure ibinini keretse muganga wawe akubwiye kubikora. Niba ugira ikibazo cyo kumira ibinini, ganira na farumasiye yawe niba umuti ushobora gushwanywa cyangwa niba hari ubundi buryo buboneka.

Gerageza gufata imiti yawe ku gihe kimwe buri munsi kugirango ugumane urwego rwawo rwo hejuru mumubiri wawe. Ibi bifasha umuti wica mikorobe gukora neza kurwanya bagiteri ziteza indwara yawe.

Ni ngombwa kunywa amazi menshi mugihe ufata trimethoprim, cyane cyane amazi. Ibi bifasha impyiko zawe gutunganya imiti neza kandi bishobora no gufasha gukuramo bagiteri mu nzira yawe y'inkari. Gerageza kunywa nibura ibirahure 8 by'amazi kumunsi keretse muganga wawe abikubwiye ukundi.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Nde Ndafata Trimethoprim?

Ubusanzwe trimethoprim ikoreshwa mugufata UTI ni iminsi 3 kugeza kuri 14, bitewe n'uburemere bw'indwara yawe n'uburyo wihutirwa gukira. Abantu benshi batangira kumva barushaho kumera neza muminsi 1 kugeza kuri 2 nyuma yo gutangira gufata umuti, ariko ni ngombwa kurangiza umuti wose nubwo wumva umeze neza rwose.

Mugukumira UTI zigaruka, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba umuti urambye ushobora kumara amezi menshi. Muri ibi bihe, ubusanzwe uzajya ufata urugero ruto, akenshi rimwe gusa kumunsi mbere yo kuryama.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata trimethoprim kare, nubwo ibimenyetso byawe bishira burundu. Guhagarika imiti yica mikorobe mbere y'igihe bishobora korohereza bagiteri zimwe na zimwe kubaho kandi bishobora guteza imbere ubudahangarwa bw'umuti. Ibi bishobora gutuma indwara zizaza zigora kuvurwa kandi bishobora gutuma indwara yawe yubu igaruka.

Niba utangiye kumva urushaho kumera neza nyuma yiminsi 2 kugeza kuri 3 uvurwa, cyangwa niba ibimenyetso byawe birushaho kuba bibi, vugana na muganga wawe. Bashobora gukenera guhindura uburyo bwo kuvura cyangwa gukora iperereza niba ubwoko butandukanye bwa bagiteri butera indwara yawe.

Ni Iyihe Miterere Y'ingaruka Ziterwa Na Trimethoprim?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, trimethoprim ishobora gutera ingaruka zidakunda, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza. Inkuru nziza ni uko ingaruka zikomeye zitaba cyane, kandi abantu benshi ntibagira ingaruka na zimwe.

Dore ingaruka zikunze kugaragara ushobora guhura nazo, akenshi ziba zoroshye kandi zikamarana igihe gito:

• Urugimbu cyangwa kumva urwaye, cyane cyane iyo utangiye gufata umuti
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya cyangwa guhinduka kw'uko ibiryo biryoha
• Urubu ruto mu nda cyangwa kutumva neza mu igogora
• Umutwe ukunze kuba woroshye kandi ukagenda uko umubiri wawe ubimenyera
• Urugo ku ruhu cyangwa gushishimuka gake

Izi ngaruka zisanzwe zikunze gukira uko umubiri wawe umenyera umuti kandi akenshi ntibisaba guhagarika kuvurwa.

Abantu bamwe bashobora guhura n'ingaruka zitagaragara cyane ariko zigaragara cyane zikwiriye kwitabwaho:

• Impiswi, bishobora kwerekana impinduka mu mikorere yawe isanzwe ya bagiteri zo mu mara
• Kuribwa umutwe cyangwa kumva ureremba
• Kugira umunaniro cyangwa kumva unaniwe bidasanzwe
• Guhinduka kw'uburyo wumva ibiryo biryoha
• Kutagira umusatsi mwinshi, akenshi biba by'igihe gito

Niba uhuye n'imwe muri izi ngaruka kandi zikakubangamira cyangwa zigakomeza, bimenyeshe muganga wawe kugira ngo agufashe kuzikemura.

Gake, trimethoprim ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga:

• Urugo rukomeye rwo mu mubiri rufite ibimenyetso nk'ingorane zo guhumeka, kubyimba mu maso cyangwa mu muhogo, cyangwa urugo rwakwiriye hose
• Indwara z'amaraso zishobora kugaragara nk'ibikomere bidasanzwe, kuva amaraso, cyangwa kubabara mu muhogo bidahoraho
• Urugo rukomeye ku ruhu harimo no kubyimba cyangwa gushishuka
• Ibimenyetso by'ibibazo by'impyiko nk'impinduka mu buryo bwo kwihagarika cyangwa amaraso mu nkari
• Impiswi ikomeye idahagarara cyangwa irimo amaraso

Nubwo izi ngaruka zikomeye zitaba cyane, ni ngombwa kumenya icyo ugomba kwitaho kugira ngo ubone ubufasha vuba niba bibaye ngombwa.

Ninde Utagomba Gufata Trimethoprim?

Trimethoprim ntibereye buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azatekereza neza amateka yawe y'ubuzima mbere yo kukwandikira. Ntugomba gufata trimethoprim niba urwaye allergie yayo cyangwa wigeze kugira ibibazo bikomeye byayo.

Muganga wawe ashobora gushyira mu gaciro umuti utandukanye wica mikorobe niba ufite indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora gutuma trimethoprim itagukorera neza cyangwa ngo igukorere neza:

• Indwara ikomeye y'impyiko, kuko impyiko zawe zikeneye gutunganya no gukuraho umuti
• Indwara ikomeye y'umwijima, ishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri wawe ukoresha umuti
• Indwara z'amaraso nk'amaraso make cyangwa umubare muto wa platelet
• Kutagira folate, kuko trimethoprim ishobora kwivanga n'imikorere ya folate
• Indwara yitwa glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency

Ibitekerezo byihariye bikoreshwa niba utwite cyangwa wonsha, kuko trimethoprim ishobora kwambuka placenta ikinjira mu mata y'ibere.

Niba utwite, cyane cyane mu gihembwe cya mbere, muganga wawe akenshi azahitamo umuti utandukanye wica mikorobe utekanye ku mwana wawe ukiri mu nda. Trimethoprim ishobora kwivanga n'imikorere ya folate, ikaba ari ngombwa kugira ngo umwana akure neza.

Ku bagore bonsa, trimethoprim ntoya yinjira mu mata y'ibere, ariko muri rusange ifatwa nkaho ihuye no konsa. Muganga wawe azagereranya inyungu zo kuvurwa n'ibishobora kuba byabangamira umwana wawe.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Trimethoprim

Trimethoprim iboneka mu mazina menshi y'ubwoko, nubwo akenshi yandikwa nk'umuti rusange. Izina ry'ubwoko rizwi cyane ni Primsol, iboneka nk'umuti unyobwa, cyane cyane ukoreshwa ku bana cyangwa abantu bakuru bagorwa no kumira ibinini.

Ushobora kandi guhura na trimethoprim ivanze n'urundi ruvura rwa antibiyotike rwitwa sulfamethoxazole, rugurishwa mu mazina y'ubucuruzi nka Bactrim cyangwa Septra. Ariko, iyi mvange ni umuti utandukanye ufite ibyo ukoreshwa n'ingaruka zitandukanye nka trimethoprim yonyine.

Trimethoprim rusange ifite ubushobozi bungana n'ubw'izina ry'ubucuruzi kandi akenshi iraboneka ku giciro gito. Umuganga wawe w'imiti ashobora kukubwira uburyo urimo guhabwa kandi agasubiza ibibazo byose ku itandukaniro riri hagati y'abakora imiti.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Trimethoprim

Izindi antibiyotike nyinshi zirashobora kuvura indwara ziterwa na UTI n'izindi ndwara ziterwa na bagiteri niba trimethoprim itagukwiriye cyangwa idakora neza ku ndwara yawe. Muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza izi nzira zo gusimbuza bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze n'ubwoko bwa bagiteri butera indwara yawe.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo gusimbuza mu kuvura UTI burimo:

• Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid), akenshi ikoreshwa nk'umuti wa mbere wo kuvura UTI yoroheje
• Fosfomycin (Monurol), rimwe na rimwe ishobora gukiza UTI hamwe n'urugero rumwe gusa
• Ciprofloxacin cyangwa izindi fluoroquinolones, nubwo izi akenshi zibikirwa indwara zirushijeho kugorana
• Amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin) ku bwoko runaka bw'indwara ziterwa na bagiteri
• Cephalexin, ikomoka mu muryango wa cephalosporin wa antibiyotike

Guhitamo uburyo bwo gusimbuza biterwa n'ibintu nk'ubwoko bwa bagiteri butera indwara yawe, amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi, imiti yindi urimo gufata, niba ufite allergie iyo ari yo yose. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gutekereza gukora isuzuma ry'inkari kugirango amenye neza bagiteri zihari n'antibiyotike zihanganira.

Ese Trimethoprim iruta Nitrofurantoin?

Byombi trimethoprim na nitrofurantoin ni imiti ikora neza yo kuvura indwara ziterwa n'udukoko twa UTI, ariko zikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi zifite inyungu zitandukanye. Nta na rimwe riruta irindi - guhitamo neza biterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze n'ubwoko bw'indwara ufite.

Nitrofurantoin akenshi ifatwa nk'umuti wa mbere wo kuvura UTI zoroheje, zitagoye kuko yibanda neza mu nkari kandi ifite ibyago bike byo gutera ubudahangarwa kuri antibiotike. Ikora neza cyane kuri E. coli, itera UTI cyane.

Trimethoprim ishobora gukundwa iyo nitrofurantoin idakwiriye cyangwa idakora neza. Irashobora gukoreshwa mu ndwara ziterwa n'udukoko dutandukanye kandi rimwe na rimwe yihanganirwa neza n'abantu bagira ikibazo cyo mu nda na nitrofurantoin.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu byinshi mugihe ahitamo hagati yiyi miti, harimo imikorere y'impyiko zawe, uko utwite, amateka y'allergie kuri antibiotike, n'ibisubizo by'ubwoko bwose bw'udukoko. Imiti yombi yagaragaje ko ikora neza mugukiza UTI mu buryo bwizewe kandi neza.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Kuri Trimethoprim

Ese Trimethoprim irizewe kubantu barwaye indwara z'impyiko?

Trimethoprim irashobora gukoreshwa kubantu bafite indwara zoroheje cyangwa ziciriritse z'impyiko, ariko muganga wawe azagomba guhindura urugero rwawe rwa dose bitewe n'uko impyiko zawe zikora neza. Kubera ko impyiko zawe zikuraho trimethoprim mumubiri wawe, kugabanuka kw'imikorere y'impyiko bisobanura ko umuti uguma mumubiri wawe igihe kirekire.

Niba urwaye indwara y'impyiko, muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka urugero ruto cyangwa akagusaba kuyifata kenshi. Barashobora kandi gukurikirana imikorere y'impyiko zawe neza mugihe ufata umuti. Abantu bafite indwara zikomeye z'impyiko bashobora gukenera gukoresha undi muti wa antibiotike.

Nigute nzakora niba mfashe trimethoprim nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba wanyoye trimethoprim nyinshi kurusha uko wagombaga, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa umufarumasiti ako kanya kugira ngo bagufashe. Kunywa nyinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka mbi, cyane cyane isesemi, kuruka, isereri, cyangwa impinduka mu mubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso yawe.

Niba wanyoye nyinshi cyane cyangwa urimo kugira ibimenyetso nk'isesemi ikabije, urujijo, cyangwa guhumeka bigoye, shakisha ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi bwihutirwa ako kanya. Ntukegere ngo urebe niba ibimenyetso bigaragara - ni byiza kugenzurwa kandi ukagira umutuzo.

Ku ngendo zizaza, tekereza gukoresha umuteguro w'ibinini cyangwa gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone kugira ngo bigufashe kumenya igihe wanyoye imiti yawe.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nciwe urugero rwa trimethoprim?

Niba waciwe urugero, rinywe ako kanya wibuka, keretse igihe cyegereye urugero rwawe ruteganyijwe. Muri icyo gihe, reka urugero waciwe kandi ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe yo kunywa imiti. Ntukigere unywa urugero ebyiri icyarimwe kugira ngo usimbure urugero waciwe.

Gerageza kugumana urwego rwa imiti mu mubiri wawe unywa imiti hafi y'igihe kimwe buri munsi. Gushyiraho alarme ya buri munsi cyangwa kunywa imiti yawe hamwe n'igikorwa gisanzwe nko kurya bifasha kwibuka.

Niba ukunda kwibagirwa urugero, vugana n'umufarumasiti wawe kuri gahunda zo kugufasha kwibuka, nko gutegura ibinini cyangwa porogaramu zikwibutsa.

Nshobora guhagarika ryari kunywa trimethoprim?

Hagarika kunywa trimethoprim gusa igihe umuganga wawe abikubwiye, cyangwa igihe urangije urugendo rwose nk'uko byategetswe. N'ubwo wumva umeze neza nyuma y'iminsi mike gusa, ni ngombwa kurangiza imiti yose kugira ngo wemeze ko icyorezo cyavuyeho rwose.

Guhagarika imiti yica mikorobe kare bishobora korohereza mikorobe zimwe kubaho kandi bishobora guteza imbere ubudahangarwa. Ibi bishobora gutuma icyorezo kizaza kigora kuvura kandi gishobora gutuma icyorezo cyawe cyubu kigaruka gikomeye kurusha mbere.

Niba urimo guhura n'ingaruka zikubangamiye, ganira na muganga wawe mbere yo guhagarika umuti. Ashobora kugusaba uburyo bwo guhangana n'izo ngaruka cyangwa kumenya niba umuti wundi wa antibiyotike wakugirira akamaro kurushaho.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga nkorera Trimethoprim?

Nubwo nta mubano mubi ugaragara hagati ya trimethoprim n'inzoga, ni byiza kwirinda cyangwa kugabanya inzoga igihe urimo gufata antibiyotike iyo ari yo yose. Inzoga ishobora kubuza umubiri wawe kurwanya indwara kandi ishobora gutuma zimwe mu ngaruka zirushaho kuba mbi nk'isuka cyangwa isereri.

Byongeye kandi, inzoga irashobora kumisha umubiri wawe, kandi kuguma ufite amazi ahagije ni ingenzi iyo ufata trimethoprim kandi uri gukira UTI. Niba uhisemo kunywa, bikore mu rugero ruto kandi wibuke kunywa amazi menshi.

Shyira imbaraga mu guha umubiri wawe amahirwe yo gukira neza ukoresha akaruhuko gahagije, ukaguma ufite amazi ahagije, kandi ugakurikiza gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa neza.