Icyo Valrubicin ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo kuyifata, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Valrubicin ni umuti wihariye wa kanseri ukoreshwa cyane mu kuvura kanseri y'inkari. Bitandukanye n'imiti myinshi ya kanseri ikwirakwizwa mu maraso yawe, uyu muti ukora mu buryo butaziguye mu kiziba cy'inkari zawe binyuze mu buryo bwiswe intravesical therapy, aho umuti utererwa neza aho ukenewe cyane.

Niba wowe cyangwa umuntu witaho ahanganye na kanseri y'inkari, kumenya ibya valrubicin birashobora kugufasha kumva witeguye kandi ufite amakuru ahagije kuri ubu buryo bwo kuvura. Uyu muti uhagarariye uburyo bwihariye bwibanda ku kuvura neza aho uturemangingo twa kanseri tuherereye.

Valrubicin ni iki?

Valrubicin ni umuti wa kanseri wa anthracycline ukomoka mu muryango w'imiti yabanje gukomoka kuri mikorobe zimwe na zimwe. Yateguwe by'umwihariko kugira ngo ivure kanseri y'inkari binyuze mu kuyishyira mu kiziba cy'inkari binyuze muri kateteri, aho gutangwa binyuze muri IV nkuko bikorwa ku bundi buryo bwo kuvura kanseri.

Uyu muti ni icyo abaganga bita "DNA intercalator," bivuze ko ikora igihe yinjiriye hagati y'imigozi ya DNA mu turemangingo twa kanseri kandi igahungabanya ubushobozi bwabo bwo gukura no kwiyongera. Tekereza nk'uburyo bwihariye buhagarika uturemangingo twa kanseri kwigana.

Uburyo bwo gutanga umuti butaziguye busobanura ko umuti ushobora gukora ku gipimo cyinshi neza aho kanseri iri, mugihe ugabanya guhura n'ibindi bice by'umubiri wawe. Ubu buryo akenshi butera ingaruka nke zikwirakwira ugereranije na chemotherapy gakondo.

Valrubicin ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Valrubicin ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura ubwoko bwihariye bwa kanseri y'inkari yitwa carcinoma in situ (CIS) itarasubiza neza kuri BCG therapy. BCG ni uburyo bwa mbere bwo kuvura iyi ndwara, bityo valrubicin ikaba ari uburyo bwa kabiri bw'ingenzi iyo uburyo bwa mbere bwo kuvura butagize icyo bugeraho.

Uyu muti wagenewe by'umwihariko abarwayi bafite kanseri y'inkari ikiri mu gice cy'imbere cy'urukuta rw'inkari kandi itaragezwa mu bice byimbitse cyangwa ibindi bice by'umubiri. Muganga wawe azaba yarabyemeje abinyujije mu bizami bitandukanye mbere yo kugusaba valrubicin.

Intego yo kuvura valrubicin ni ukurandura selile za kanseri mu gihe urinda imikorere y'inkari zawe. Ibi ni ngombwa cyane kuko uburyo bwo kuvura kanseri y'inkari irwanya BCG akenshi ni ukubaga kugirango bakuremo inkari, ibyo bikagira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho yawe.

Valrubicin ikora ite?

Valrubicin ikora igana mu buryo butaziguye kuri DNA ya selile za kanseri, ikazibuza kwiyongera kandi amaherezo ikazitera gupfa. Iyo umuti ushyizwe mu nkari zawe, uhura mu buryo butaziguye na selile za kanseri ziri ku rukuta rw'inkari.

Uyu muti winjira muri selile za kanseri ukabangamira uburyo DNA yazo yiyongera. Ibi bibangamira selile za kanseri mu kwiyongera no gukura, mu gihe selile z'inkari zifite ubuzima busanzwe zishobora gusana ibyangiritse bitewe n'uyu muti.

Nk'umuti wa chemotherapy, valrubicin ifatwa nk'umuti ukomeye, ariko kubera ko itangwa mu buryo butaziguye mu nkari aho guca mu maraso yawe, ingaruka zayo zibanda ahakenewe cyane. Ubu buryo bugamije gutanga ubuvuzi bwiza mu gihe kigabanya ingaruka ku bindi bice by'umubiri wawe.

Nkwiriye gufata valrubicin nte?

Valrubicin itangwa n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi ahantu hakorerwa ibizamini by'ubuvuzi, ntabwo bikorerwa mu rugo. Uyu muti utangwa unyuze muri kateter ishyirwa mu nkari zawe unyuze mu muyoboro w'inkari, kimwe n'uko kateter y'inkari ishyirwaho.

Mbere yo kuvurwa, uzakenera gushyira uruhago rwawe rwose mu bwisanzure. Muganga wawe azashyiramo agati gato, gakora neza kitwa catheter binyuze mu muyoboro wawe w'inkari no mu ruhago rwawe. Umuti wa valrubicin noneho uzashyirwamo buhoro buhoro binyuze muri iyi catheter.

Iyo umuti umaze kujya mu ruhago rwawe, uzakenera kuwugumana mu gihe cy'amasaha abiri. Muri iki gihe, ushobora gusabwa guhindura imyanya buri gihe kugira ngo bifashe kwemeza ko umuti ugera mu bice byose byo mu ruhago rwawe. Nyuma y'igihe cyo kuwugumana, uzashobora kwihagarika bisanzwe kugira ngo ushyire umuti mu bwisanzure mu ruhago rwawe.

Nta mbogamizi zihariye z'imirire mbere yo kuvurwa, ariko ugomba gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe yerekeye kunywa amazi. Abantu bamwe basanga bifasha kugabanya amazi mu masaha make mbere yo kuvurwa kugira ngo byorohereze kugumana umuti mu ruhago.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Iki Ndafata Valrubicin?

Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura bwa valrubicin bugizwe no gushyirwamo buri cyumweru inshuro esheshatu mu byumweru bitandatu. Iyi gahunda yigishijwe neza kandi yateguwe kugira ngo yongere imikorere y'umuti mu gihe igabanya ingaruka ziterwa nawo.

Muganga wawe azagenzura uko witwara ku kuvurwa binyuze mu nama zisanzwe zo gukurikirana no gupima. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo cystoscopy (kureba imbere mu ruhago rwawe hamwe na kamera nto) no gupima inkari kugira ngo barebe niba harimo uturemangingo twa kanseri.

Nyuma yo kurangiza uburyo bwo kuvura bw'ibyumweru bitandatu bya mbere, ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi izasuzuma uko ubuvuzi bwakoze neza. Abantu bamwe bashobora gukenera ubuvuzi bwongereweho cyangwa uburyo butandukanye bushingiye ku buryo bakiriyeho. Umwanzuro wo gukomeza, guhindura, cyangwa guhindura gahunda yawe yo kuvura uzakorwa mu bufatanye hagati yawe n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi.

Ni Iyihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Valrubicin?

Ingaruka nyinshi ziterwa na valrubicin zifitanye isano no kuribwa k'umubiri, kuko ariho umuti utererwa. Izi ngaruka muri rusange zirashobora guhangana nazo kandi ni iz'igihe gito, nubwo ari ngombwa kumenya ibyo witegura.

Ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo zirimo ibimenyetso byo kuribwa k'umubiri bishobora kumvikana nabi ariko akenshi bishobora guhangana nazo hamwe n'ubufasha:

• Kumva ushye mugihe cyo kunyara
• Kunyara kenshi cyangwa kumva ukeneye kunyara kenshi
• Gushaka kunyara byihutirwa
• Amara mu nkari zawe (hematuria)
• Uburibwe cyangwa kutamererwa neza k'umubiri
• Uburibwe mu gatuza

Ibi bimenyetso bifitanye isano n'umubiri bikunda kugaragara muminsi mike nyuma yo kuvurwa kandi bishobora kumara iminsi myinshi. Abarwayi benshi basanga izi ngaruka zishobora guhangana nazo uko umubiri wabo wimenyereza kuvurwa.

Ingaruka zitagaragara cyane ariko zishoboka zirimo umunaniro, isesemi, cyangwa kutamererwa neza mu nda. Kubera ko valrubicin itererwa mu mubiri, biragoye ko wahura n'ingaruka zisanzwe ziterwa na chimiothérapie iterwa mu maraso.

Ingaruka zitagaragara ariko zikomeye zirimo kubyimba bikabije k'umubiri, kuva amaraso cyane, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kwandura. Vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya niba wumva uburibwe bukomeye, umuriro mwinshi, kudashobora kunyara, cyangwa kuva amaraso menshi.

Ninde utagomba gufata Valrubicin?

Valrubicin ntabwo ikwiriye kuri buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azagenzura neza niba ari wo mwanzuro ukwiriye kubera uko umubiri wawe umeze. Ibyiciro bimwe na bimwe cyangwa ibihe bishobora gutuma ubu buvuzi butakwiriye cyangwa bugasaba ibitekerezo byihariye.

Ntabwo ukwiriye guhabwa valrubicin niba ufite umubiri wacitsemo cyangwa niba hari icyo aricyo cyose cyacitse mu murongo w'umubiri ushobora gutuma umuti uvunguka mu bice by'umubiri bikikije. Muganga wawe azabigenzura akoresheje isesengura ry'amashusho n'isuzuma.

Abantu bafite indwara zifata imyanya y'inkari bakwiye gutegereza kugeza igihe ubwandu bwose buvuyeho mbere yo gutangira kuvurwa na valrubicin. Uyu muti ushobora gutuma ubwandu bwiyongera cyangwa bugatuma umubiri wawe utabasha kuburwanya.

Niba utwite cyangwa wonka, valrubicin ntisabwa kuko ishobora gukomeretsa umwana wawe. Abagore bafite imyaka yo kubyara bakwiye gukoresha uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro bukora neza mu gihe cyo kuvurwa no mu mezi make nyuma yaho.

Abarwayi bafite ibibazo bikomeye by'impyiko cyangwa indwara zimwe na zimwe z'umutima bashobora gukenera gukurikiranwa byihariye cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvurwa butandukanye. Itsinda ry'abaganga bazareba amateka yawe yose y'ubuzima kugira ngo barebe niba valrubicin ikwiriye kuri wowe.

Izina ry'ubwoko bwa Valrubicin

Valrubicin iboneka ku izina ry'ubwoko rya Valstar muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika. Iri ni ryo bwoko rya valrubicin ryemewe na FDA ririho ubu rikoreshwa mu gushyirwa mu rwagashya.

Valstar iza mu iseswa ryera ryateguwe by'umwihariko kugira ngo rishyirwe mu rwagashya. Uyu muti utegurwa kandi ugashyirwa mu mubiri n'abaganga babihuguriwe mu bigo by'ubuvuzi.

Mu gihe uvugana n'amasosiyete y'ubwishingizi cyangwa utegura gahunda z'ibitaro, ushobora kumva abaganga bavuga "valrubicin" cyangwa "Valstar" - ni umuti umwe.

Uburyo bwo kuvura butandukanye na Valrubicin

Niba valrubicin itakwiriye kuri wowe cyangwa itatanga umusaruro wifuzwa, hari uburyo bwo kuvura butandukanye buhari bwo kurwanya kanseri y'urwagashya itavurwa na BCG. Muganga wawe azagufasha kumenya uburyo bwiza bushingiye ku bibazo byawe byihariye.

Uburyo bundi bwo kuvura kanseri hakoreshejwe imiti yishyirwa mu rwagashya harimo mitomycin C, ikora mu buryo butandukanye na valrubicin ariko nayo ishyirwa mu rwagashya. Abarwayi bamwe bashobora kandi kuba bakwiriye uburyo bushya bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe imiti yongera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri ifasha umubiri wawe kurwanya kanseri.

Mu gihe cy'indwara zikomeye cyangwa iyo imiti y'imbere mu kizungera itagize icyo igeraho, ibisubizo byo kubaga birashobora gutekerezwa. Ibi bishobora guhera ku bikorwa byinshi byo mu kizungera kugeza ku gukuraho burundu ikizungera (cystectomy) hamwe no kongera kubaka.

Igeragezwa rya muganga rishobora kuboneka kandi ku miti y'igerageza. Umuganga wawe w'indwara z'umwijima ashobora kugufasha kumenya niba hari ubushakashatsi bushobora kuba bukwiye kuri wowe.

Ese Valrubicin iruta Mitomycin C?

Valrubicin na mitomycin C zombi ni uburyo bwo kuvura kanseri y'imbere mu kizungera, ariko bikora binyuze mu buryo butandukanye kandi bishobora kuba bikwiriye mu bihe bitandukanye. Guhitamo hagati yabyo biterwa n'ubwoko bwawe bw'umwijima wa kanseri n'ibintu byihariye.

Valrubicin yemerejwe by'umwihariko carcinoma in situ irwanya BCG, mugihe mitomycin C ikoreshwa kenshi mu bwoko butandukanye bwa kanseri y'umwijima cyangwa nk'ubuvuzi bwa mbere mu bihe bimwe na bimwe. Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'ubwoko bwa kanseri yawe, imiti yakoreshejwe mbere, n'ubuzima muri rusange mugihe afata iki cyemezo.

Ubushakashatsi bumwe buvuga ko valrubicin ishobora gukora neza mu bwoko bumwe bwa kanseri y'umwijima, mugihe mitomycin C ishobora gutera ingaruka nke ku barwayi bamwe. Guhitamo

Valrubicin ikunze gukoreshwa neza ku bantu barwaye indwara z'umutima kuko itangwa mu mpyisi itanyuze mu maraso. Ariko, muganga w'umutima n'uw'ibibyimba bazakorana kugira ngo barebe niba bikwiriye ku ndwara yawe y'umutima.

Bitandukanye na anthracyclines itangwa mu maraso, ishobora gutera ibibazo by'umutima, valrubicin ntijya cyane mu maraso yawe iyo ikoreshejwe nk'uko byategetswe. Ibi bigabanya cyane ibyago by'ingaruka zifitanye isano n'umutima.

Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizagukurikiranira hafi mugihe cy'ubuvuzi kandi rishobora kugusaba ibizamini by'imikorere y'umutima mbere na nyuma y'ubuvuzi kugira ngo barebe ko umutima wawe ukomeza kuba muzima mugihe cyose uvurwa kanseri.

Nigute nzakora niba nkoresheje valrubicin nyinshi bitunguranye?

Gukoresha valrubicin nyinshi cyane ntibishoboka cyane kuko umuti utangwa n'abavuzi babihuguriwe mu bigo by'ubuvuzi bigenzurwa. Urutonde rw'imiti rurabarwa kandi rugapimwa neza mbere ya buri buvuzi.

Niba ufite impungenge zo guhabwa imiti myinshi mugihe cy'ubuvuzi, vugana n'itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi ako kanya. Bashobora kureba amateka y'imiti kandi bakagukurikiranira ibimenyetso bidasanzwe.

Mu gihe kitazwi cyane cyo gukoresha imiti myinshi cyane, itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi ryibanda ku gufasha no gukurikirana. Bashobora kugusaba kunywa amazi menshi kugira ngo afashe gukuramo umuti mu mubiri wawe no kureba ibimenyetso byo kuribwa kw'impyisi kwiyongera.

Nigute nzakora niba nciweho urugero rwa valrubicin?

Niba wacikanwe n'ubuvuzi bwa valrubicin bwateganyijwe, vugana n'umuganga wawe vuba bishoboka kugira ngo utegereze. Ni ngombwa gukurikiza gahunda y'ubuvuzi uko bishoboka kose kugira ngo bigire akamaro.

Muganga wawe azemeza niba yongera gutegereza icyo gihe cyangwa niba hari impinduka zikenewe kuri gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi. Ntugerageze "gukosora" urugero rwacikanweho uhindura ubuvuzi bw'ahazaza.

Rimwe na rimwe gutinda mu kuvurwa birakenewe bitewe n'ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti cyangwa izindi ngorane z'ubuzima. Itsinda ry'abaganga bazakorana nawe kugirango bakwemeze ko ubona inyungu zose zo kuvurwa kwawe mugihe urinzwe kandi wishimye.

Nshobora Kureka Gufata Valrubicin Ryari?

Ugomba kurangiza icyumweru cyose cy'imiti ya valrubicin, keretse muganga wawe akugiriye inama yo guhagarara mbere y'igihe. Uburyo bwuzuye bwo kuvura bugamije kongera amahirwe yawe yo kuvurwa neza kanseri.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba guhagarika kuvurwa mbere y'igihe niba uhuye n'ingaruka zikomeye ziterwa n'imiti zitagira icyo zihindura mugihe ufashwa, cyangwa niba ibizamini byakurikiyeho byerekana ko imiti itagikora nkuko byari byitezwe.

Ntuzigere uhagarika kuvurwa na valrubicin wenyine, kabone niyo wumva umeze neza cyangwa ufite ingaruka zitari nziza. Itsinda ry'abaganga barashobora kugufasha gucunga ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti kandi bakwemeza ko ubona inyungu zose zo kuvurwa kwawe mugihe urinzwe kandi wishimye.

Nshobora Gutwara Imodoka Nyuma yo Kuvurwa na Valrubicin?

Abantu benshi barashobora kwitwara bakajya no kuva mu miti ya valrubicin, kuko umuti ntusanzwe utera gusinzira cyangwa ngo ubangamire ubushobozi bwawe bwo gutwara ikinyabiziga. Ariko, abarwayi bamwe bashobora kumva batameze neza bitewe n'ibimenyetso byo kuribwa mu rwagashya.

Niba ufite ububabare bukomeye mu gatuza, ugomba kwihutira kunyara, cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso bishobora kukubangamira mugihe utwara, biruta ko wategura umuntu wo kukujyana mu rugo nyuma yo kuvurwa.

Ukurikize umubiri wawe kandi ufate ibyemezo bishingiye ku buryo wumva umeze nyuma yo kuvurwa. Abarwayi bamwe basanga ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti zicungwa neza nyuma yo kuvurwa bwa mbere, mugihe abandi bashobora gukenera ubufasha bwo gutwara mu gihe cyose bavurwa.