Vigabatrin ni iki: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo gufata, ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti n'ibindi

Vigabatrin ni umuti uvura indwara yo gufatwa n'ibihungabanyo, ufasha kugenzura ubwoko bumwe bwa epilepsi, cyane cyane ku bana bato. Uyu muti wandikirwa na muganga ukora wongera urwego rw'imirasire y'ubwonko yitwa GABA, ifasha gutuza imikorere y'amashanyarazi mu bwonko no kugabanya gufatwa n'ibihungabanyo.

Niba muganga wawe yaraguhaye vigabatrin cyangwa umwana wawe, ushobora kuba ufite ibibazo byerekeye uko ikora n'icyo witegura. Uyu muti umaze imyaka myinshi ufasha abantu gucunga indwara zihariye zo gufatwa n'ibihungabanyo, kandi kumva byinshi kuri wo bishobora kugufasha kumva ufite icyizere ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kuvura.

Vigabatrin ni iki?

Vigabatrin ni umuti wihariye uvura epilepsi wo mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa GABA enhancers. Iza mu ifu uvanga n'amazi cyangwa mu binini umira.

Uyu muti ukora neza cyane cyane ku ndwara ebyiri zihariye: infantile spasms (izwi kandi nka West syndrome) ku bana, n'ubwoko bumwe bwo gufatwa n'ibihungabanyo ku bantu bafite tuberous sclerosis complex. Bitandukanye n'indi miti myinshi ivura gufatwa n'ibihungabanyo, vigabatrin ifite uburyo bwihariye bwo gukora mu bwonko.

Uyu muti wateguwe by'umwihariko kugirango werekeze ku buryo bw'ubwonko bwo guhagarika. Iyo iyi sisiteme ikora neza, irashobora kugabanya cyane kenshi n'imbaraga zo gufatwa n'ibihungabanyo ku bantu batitabiriye neza izindi nshuti.

Vigabatrin ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Vigabatrin ivura indwara ebyiri zikomeye aho indi miti ivura gufatwa n'ibihungabanyo akenshi itagira akamaro. Muganga wawe arayikwandikira iyo ukeneye uburyo bwihariye bwo kugenzura gufatwa n'ibihungabanyo.

Igikoreshwa cya mbere kandi gisanzwe ni infantile spasms ku bana bari hagati y'amezi 4 n'imyaka 2. Izi spasms zisa n'imivumba idasanzwe aho amaboko n'amaguru y'umwana akururwa ku mubiri wabo, kandi akenshi bibaho mu matsinda iyo umwana akanguka cyangwa agiye kuryama.

Igikoresho cya kabiri ni ukurwanya ibibazo byo gufatwa n'indwara ya epilepsi ikomeye mu bantu bafite indwara ya tuberous sclerosis complex, indwara ya genetique ituma ibibyimba bitagira uburozi bikura mu ngingo zitandukanye. Muri ibi bihe, vigabatrin ifasha kugenzura ibibazo byo gufatwa n'indwara ya epilepsi bitangirira mu gice kimwe cy'ubwonko kandi bishobora gukwira mu tundi duce.

Rimwe na rimwe abaganga bandika vigabatrin kubera ubundi bwoko bwo gufatwa n'indwara ya epilepsi iyo imiti isanzwe itagize icyo ikora neza. Ariko, ibi bibaho kenshi kandi bisaba gukurikiranwa neza kuko bifatwa nk'ikoreshwa ritari mu buryo bwemewe.

Vigabatrin ikora ite?

Vigabatrin ikora yongera ubushobozi bw'ubwonko bwawe bwo kuguma gutuza no gukumira gufatwa n'indwara ya epilepsi. Yongera urwego rwa GABA, imiti ikorwa mu bwonko ikora nk'ipédale y'ubwoko bwa kamere yo guhagarika imikorere y'amashanyarazi mu bwonko bwawe.

Tekereza imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'ubwonko bwawe nk'imodoka ziri mu muhanda munini. GABA ikora nk'amatara yo mu muhanda afasha kugenzura imikorere no gukumira impanuka. Iyo udafite GABA ihagije, ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bishobora kuvurungana bigatuma gufatwa n'indwara ya epilepsi.

Uyu muti ubuza enzyme yitwa GABA transaminase, isanzwe isenya GABA mu bwonko bwawe. Mu kubuza iyi enzyme, vigabatrin ituma GABA nyinshi iguma ihari, itanga uburyo bwo kugenzura neza gufatwa n'indwara ya epilepsi.

Vigabatrin ifatwa nk'umuti ukomeye wo kurwanya gufatwa n'indwara ya epilepsi. Ntabwo ari wo muti ukomeye cyane uboneka, ariko uruta imiti imwe yoroheje yo kurwanya gufatwa n'indwara ya epilepsi. Ibi bituma bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gufatwa n'indwara ya epilepsi itashoboye gukira n'imiti yoroheje.

Nkwiriye gufata vigabatrin nte?

Fata vigabatrin nk'uko umuganga wawe abitegeka, akenshi kabiri ku munsi hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa utabifite. Ifomu y'ifu igomba kuvangwa n'amazi, naho ibinini bigomba kumirwa byose hamwe n'ikirahure cy'amazi.

Niba ukoresha ifu, sukura ibiri muri paki yose mu gikombe cyiza hanyuma wongereho amavuta abiri y'amazi akonje cyangwa afite ubushyuhe busanzwe. Vanga uruvange kugeza rushize rwose, hanyuma unywe ako kanya. Ntukigere ubika ifu yavanzwe ngo uyikoreshe nyuma.

Ushobora gufata vigabatrin hamwe cyangwa udafashije, ariko gerageza kuyifata mu buryo bumwe buri gihe. Abantu bamwe basanga byoroshye mu gifu iyo bafashije agafunguro gato cyangwa ifunguro. Irinde kuyifata hamwe n'ibinyobwa bishyushye cyane cyangwa bikonje cyane, kuko ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo isenyuka.

Gerageza gufata imiti yawe mu gihe kimwe buri munsi, hafi amasaha 12. Ibi bifasha kugumana urwego rwa medicament mu maraso yawe. Gushyiraho ibyibutsa kuri terefone bishobora kugufasha kwibuka, cyane cyane mu byumweru bya mbere byo kuvurwa.

Nzamara igihe kingana iki mfata Vigabatrin?

Igihe cyo kuvurwa na vigabatrin gitandukana cyane bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe n'uburyo wemera imiti. Abantu bamwe bayikeneye mu mezi make gusa, mu gihe abandi bashobora kuyifata mu myaka myinshi.

Kubijyanye n'imitsi y'abana, abana benshi bashobora kureka gufata vigabatrin nyuma y'amezi 6 kugeza ku myaka 2 niba imitsi yabo igenzurwa neza. Muganga wawe azagabanya buhoro buhoro urugero mu byumweru byinshi aho kuyihagarika ako kanya, ibi bifasha kwirinda ko ibyuririzi bisubira.

Ku bantu bafite ikibazo cya tuberous sclerosis complex, kuvurwa akenshi bikomeza igihe kirekire igihe inyungu ziruta ibyago. Muganga wawe azagenzura buri gihe niba imiti igifasha kandi akagenzura ingaruka zose.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata vigabatrin ako kanya cyangwa guhindura urugero rwawe utabanje kuvugana na muganga wawe. Guhagarika vuba cyane bishobora gutuma ibyuririzi bisubira cyangwa ndetse bigatuma ibyuririzi bikomeye kuruta uko wari ufite mbere yo gutangira kuvurwa.

Ni izihe ngaruka ziterwa na Vigabatrin?

Nk'uko imiti yose ibigenza, vigabatrin ishobora gutera ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti, nubwo atari buri wese uzagira izo ngaruka. Ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti akenshi ziba zoroshye kandi zishobora gucungwa, ariko zimwe zisaba gukurikiranwa cyane n'ikipe yawe y'ubuzima.

Ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti zisanzwe ushobora kubona harimo gusinzira, kuribwa umutwe, no kumva unaniwe ku manywa. Izi ngaruka akenshi zinoza nyuma y'ibyumweru bike umubiri wawe umaze kumenyera umuti.

Dore ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti zikunda kuvugwa n'abantu:

• Gusinzira no kunanirwa
• Kuribwa umutwe cyangwa kumva utameze neza
• Kuribwa umutwe
• Kuruka cyangwa kurwara mu nda
• Kongera ibiro
• Kugorana kwibanda
• Kugira umujinya cyangwa guhinduka kw'amarangamutima
• Kureba ibintu bibiri cyangwa guhumirwa

Ibi bimenyetso mubisanzwe bigabanuka uko umubiri wawe umenyera umuti. Niba bikomeje cyangwa bikabangamira imirimo yawe ya buri munsi, ganira na muganga wawe ku bijyanye no guhindura urugero rw'umuti ukoresha.

Hariho ingaruka imwe ikomeye iterwa n'imiti isaba gukurikiranwa buri gihe: ibibazo byo kureba. Vigabatrin ishobora gutera kwangirika ku buryo budahinduka ku burebure bwo kureba (kureba ku ruhande) ku bantu bagera kuri 1 kuri 3 bakoresha uyu muti igihe kirekire.

Dore ibibazo bijyanye no kureba byo kwitondera:

• Kugorana kureba ibintu biri ku ruhande
• Gukubita ibintu utabonye
• Kugorana kumenya intera
• Ibibazo byo kureba nijoro
• Kugorana gutwara imodoka cyangwa kugenda ahantu hari abantu benshi

Muganga wawe azateganya ibizamini by'amaso buri mezi 6 kugira ngo arebe impinduka zo kureba. Ibi bizamini bishobora kugaragaza ibibazo hakiri kare, mbere y'uko ubona ibimenyetso.

Zimwe mu ngaruka ziterwa n'imiti zitabaho kenshi ariko zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi bwihuse. Nubwo ibi bitabaho kenshi, ni ngombwa kumenya icyo kwitondera kugira ngo ubone ubufasha vuba niba bibaye ngombwa.

Vugana na muganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye:

• Impinduka zikomeye mu myumvire cyangwa agahinda gakabije
• Kutekereza kwikomeretsa
• Urujijo rukabije cyangwa ibibazo byo kwibuka
• Urubavu rudasanzwe cyangwa kuva amaraso
• Ibimenyetso byo kwandura nko kuribwa cyangwa kubabara umuhogo bihoraho
• Urubavu rukabije mu nda
• Umuhondo w'uruhu cyangwa amaso

Izi ngaruka zikomeye ntizisanzwe, ariko kuzimenya hakiri kare bishobora gufasha kwirinda ibibazo bikomeye.

Ninde utagomba gufata Vigabatrin?

Vigabatrin ntibereye buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe mbere yo kuyandika. Abantu bamwe bafite indwara zituma vigabatrin idatekanye cyangwa idakora neza.

Ntabwo ugomba gufata vigabatrin niba ufite allergie yayo cyangwa ibiyigize. Ibimenyetso byo kwibasirwa n'allergie birimo uruhu rurya, kuribwa, kubyimba, kuribwa cyane, cyangwa guhumeka nabi.

Abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe bakeneye kwitonda cyane cyangwa ntibashobore gufata vigabatrin mu buryo butekanye. Muganga wawe azasuzuma ibi bintu mbere yo gutangira kuvura.

Dore indwara zishobora kukubuza gufata vigabatrin:

• Indwara zikomeye z'impyiko
• Amateka y'agahinda gakabije cyangwa ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura
• Ibibazo bikomeye by'umwijima
• Indwara zizwi z'amaso cyangwa indwara zikomeye z'amaso
• Amateka ya psychose cyangwa indwara zikomeye zo mu mutwe

Ibihe bimwe na bimwe bisaba gukurikiranwa neza ariko ntibibuza gukoresha vigabatrin. Muganga wawe azagereranya inyungu n'ibibazo by'ibihe byawe byihariye.

Ibitekerezo byihariye bikoreshwa kuri:

• Abagore batwite cyangwa bonka
• Abantu bafite ibibazo byoroheje by'impyiko cyangwa umwijima
• Abafite amateka y'agahinda gakabije cyangwa guhangayika
• Abantu bafata imiti yindi yo gufata ibihungabanyo
• Abantu bakuru barengeje imyaka 65

Muganga wawe azaganira nawe kuri ibi bintu kandi ashobora gushimangira gukurikiranwa kenshi cyangwa guhindura urugero rwawe kugirango ugumane umutekano.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Vigabatrin

Vigabatrin iboneka mu mazina menshi y'ubucuruzi, aho Sabril ari yo ikoreshwa cyane muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika. Iri zina riza mu bice byombi by'ifu n'ibinini.

Andi mazina y'ubucuruzi arimo Vigadrone, iboneka nk'ifu yo kunywa. Ibikoresho by'ingenzi ni bimwe na bimwe hatitawe ku izina ry'ubucuruzi, ariko ibikoresho bitari ingenzi n'ubupakira bishobora gutandukana gato.

Inzego rusange za vigabatrin ziraboneka kandi zikora neza nk'inzego z'amazina y'ubucuruzi. Farumasi yawe ishobora gusimbuza urwego rusange keretse muganga wawe asabye by'umwihariko izina ry'ubucuruzi.

Buri gihe jya ureba umufarumasi wawe niba imiti yawe isa n'itandukanye n'ibisanzwe, cyane cyane niba uhindura hagati y'amazina y'ubucuruzi cyangwa inzego rusange. Ibi bifasha kumenya neza ko urimo gufata umuti ukwiye n'urugero rukwiye.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Vigabatrin

Imiti myinshi ishobora kuvura ibibazo byo gufatwa igihe vigabatrin itakwiriye cyangwa idakora neza. Muganga wawe azahitamo uburyo bwo gusimbuza ashingiye ku bwoko bw'ibibazo byawe byihariye n'amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi.

Kubijyanye n'imitsi y'abana, inshinge za ACTH (hormone ya adrenocorticotropic) akenshi zifatwa nkizikora neza nka vigabatrin. Abaganga bamwe bakunda kugerageza ACTH mbere, mu gihe abandi batangira na vigabatrin bitewe n'uko umwana ameze.

Ibindi byongera imiti ishobora kuba uburyo bwo gusimbuza birimo:

• Levetiracetam (Keppra)
• Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
• Topiramate (Topamax)
• Zonisamide (Zonegran)
• Rufinamide (Banzel)

Ku bantu bafite ikibazo cya tuberous sclerosis, everolimus (Afinitor) ishobora kuba uburyo bwo gufata ibibazo byo gufatwa no kuvura ibindi bibazo by'iyi ndwara. Muganga wawe azagufasha kumenya uburyo bwo gusimbuza bukora neza kuri wowe.

Ese Vigabatrin iruta Levetiracetam?

Vigabatrin na levetiracetam (Keppra) bikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi bikoreshwa mu bwoko butandukanye bw'ibibazo byo mu mutwe, bityo kubigereranya mu buryo butaziguye ntibyoroshye. Guhitamo

Niba wanyoye vigabatrin nyinshi utabigambiriye, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe gukurikirana uburozi ako kanya, kabone n'iyo wumva umeze neza. Kunywa nyinshi bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye zirimo gusinzira cyane, urujijo, ndetse n'imihindagurikire idashimishije mu mikorere y'ubwonko.

Ibimenyetso byo kunywa vigabatrin nyinshi birimo gusinzira cyane, urujijo, kugorana kuvuga, kutagira ubushobozi bwo kwishyira hamwe, no kugorana gukomeza kuba maso. Mu bihe bikomeye, bishobora gutera koma cyangwa ibibazo byo guhumeka bishobora kwica.

Ntugerageze kwivugisha cyangwa gufata indi miti iyo ari yo yose yo guhangana n'uburozi. Ahubwo, shakisha ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi ako kanya. Niba bishoboka, zana icupa ry'umuti hamwe nawe kugira ngo abaganga babone neza icyo wanyoye n'ingano yacyo.

Abaganga bo mu cyumba cy'ubutabazi bashobora gutanga ubufasha no kugukurikiranira ibibazo bishobora kuvuka. Nta muti wihariye wo guhangana n'uburozi bwa vigabatrin, ariko abantu benshi bakira neza bafashijwe n'ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nirengagije gufata urugero rwa vigabatrin?

Niba wirengagije gufata urugero rwa vigabatrin, rufate uko wibuka, keretse igihe cyegereye urugero rwawe ruteganyijwe. Muri icyo gihe, reka urugero wirengagije ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ntuzigere ufata urugero ebyiri icyarimwe kugira ngo usimbure urugero wirengagije, kuko ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti. Niba utazi neza igihe, muri rusange birinda gukora amakosa gutegereza kugeza ku rugero rwawe ruteganyijwe aho gushyira mu kaga kunywa nyinshi.

Niba wirengagiza urugero kenshi, tekereza gushyiraho alarme kuri terefone cyangwa ukoreshe umuteguro w'imiti kugira ngo ukwibutse. Gufata imiti buri gihe ni ngombwa kugira ngo ugumane ubuzima bwiza.

Vugana na muganga wawe niba wirengagije urugero rurenze rumwe rukikurikirana, kuko ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere yawe. Bashobora kwifuza kukubona vuba cyangwa guhindura gahunda yawe yo kuvura kugira ngo birinde urugero rwirengagijwe mu gihe kizaza.

Nshobora guhagarika ryari gufata vigabatrin?

Ugomba guhagarika gufata vigabatrin gusa uyobowe kandi ukurikiranwa na muganga wawe. Guhagarika ako kanya bishobora gutuma ibibazo byo gufatwa bigaruka cyangwa ndetse bigatuma ibibazo byo gufatwa bikomera kurusha uko wari ufite mbere yo gutangira kuvurwa.

Muganga wawe azasanzwe agabanya urugero rwawe buhoro buhoro mu byumweru byinshi cyangwa amezi igihe kigeze cyo guhagarika. Ibi bigabanya buhoro bifasha ubwonko bwawe guhuza no kugira imiti mike kandi bigabanya ibyago byo gufatwa.

Igihe cyo guhagarika vigabatrin giterwa n'uburwayi bwawe n'uburyo wabyitwayemo neza mu kuvurwa. Abantu bamwe barashobora guhagarika nyuma y'amezi cyangwa imyaka yo kugenzura ibibazo byo gufatwa, mu gihe abandi bashobora gukenera kuvurwa igihe kirekire.

Ubugenzuzi buhoraho bufasha muganga wawe kumenya igihe cyiza cyo gutekereza guhagarika cyangwa kugabanya vigabatrin. Bazagereranya inyungu zo gukomeza kuvurwa n'ibyago by'ingaruka zigihe kirekire, cyane cyane ibibazo by'amaso.

Nshobora gutwara imodoka nkanwa vigabatrin?

Gutwara imodoka mugihe ufata vigabatrin bisaba gutekereza neza ku kugenzura ibibazo byo gufatwa no ku ngaruka z'imiti. Abantu benshi barashobora gutwara neza, ariko biterwa n'imimerere yawe n'amategeko yaho.

Vigabatrin irashobora gutera gusinzira, kuribwa, n'ibibazo by'amaso bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwawe bwo gutwara neza. Ingaruka z'amaso zirakomeye cyane kuko zishobora kugabanya icyerekezo cyawe cyo hanze no kumenya ubujyakuziga.

Abaganga benshi basaba gutegereza kugeza igihe umaze igihe runaka udafite ibibazo byo gufatwa (muri rusange amezi 3-12, bitewe n'aho uherereye) kandi kugeza igihe umaze guhuza n'umuti mbere yo gutwara. Muganga wawe azagufasha kumenya igihe byemewe kongera gutwara.

Ibizami by'amaso bihoraho ni ngombwa cyane niba utwara, kuko bishobora kumenya impinduka zo kureba zishobora gutuma gutwara bidatekanye. Niba ubonye impinduka iyo ari yo yose mu kureba kwawe cyangwa ugasinzira mugihe utwara, hagarika gutwara ako kanya uvugishe muganga wawe.