Icyo Zafirlukast ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo gufata, ingaruka ziterwa n'ibindi

Zafirlukast ni umuti wandikirwa na muganga ufasha kwirinda ibitero bya asima mu guhagarika imisemburo imwe n'imwe mu mubiri wawe itera kubyimba mu nzira z'umwuka. Ni icyo abaganga bita leukotriene receptor antagonist, bivuze ko ikora mu buryo butandukanye n'ibikoresho byo guhumeka byihuse ushobora gukoresha mu gihe cy'igitero cya asima.

Uyu muti ukoreshwa mu kugenzura asima igihe kirekire, ntabwo ukoreshwa mu bihe by'ubutabazi. Utekerezeho nk'igice cy'ibikorwa byawe bya buri munsi kugira ngo ukomeze inzira zawe z'umwuka zituze kandi ugabanye amahirwe yo kwigaragaza kw'ibimenyetso bya asima.

Zafirlukast ikoreshwa mu iki?

Zafirlukast ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kwirinda ibimenyetso bya asima ku bantu bakuru n'abana bafite imyaka 5 n'abarenzeho. Bifasha cyane abantu bahura na asima iterwa n'ibintu bitera allergie nk'umukungugu, imitungo y'umukungugu, cyangwa ubwoya bw'amatungo.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba zafirlukast niba urimo guhangana na asima idahagarara isaba imicungire ya buri munsi. Irashobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane cyane ku bantu bafite kandi rhinitis ya allergie (umururumba) hamwe na asima yabo, kuva ikemura zimwe mu nzira zimwe ziterwa no kubyimba.

Abaganga bamwe na none bandikira zafirlukast hanze y'icyo yemerewe gukoreshwa mu gihe cy'imyitozo iterwa na asima, nubwo atari yo ikoreshwa ryemewe. Umuti ukora neza iyo ufashwe buri gihe nk'igice cy'umugambi mugari wo gucunga asima.

Zafirlukast ikora ite?

Zafirlukast ikora mu guhagarika leukotrienes, imisemburo kamere umubiri wawe ukora mu gihe cy'allergie n'ububyimbirwe. Iyi misemburo itera imitsi y'inzira yawe y'umwuka gukomera no kongera umusonga, bigatuma guhumeka bigorana.

Mu guhagarika iyi leukotrienes, zafirlukast ifasha gukomeza inzira zawe z'umwuka zoroheje kandi zitabyimbye. Ibi bitandukanye na bronchodilators (nka albuterol) ifungura inzira z'umwuka vuba mu gihe cy'igitero, cyangwa corticosteroids igabanya kubyimba muri rusange.

Uyu muti ufatwa nk'ufite ubushobozi buciriritse bwo kugenzura asima. Nubwo udakomeye nk'imiti ikoreshwa mu guhumeka, ushobora kuba uburyo bwiza ku bantu bagorwa no gukoresha imiti yo guhumeka cyangwa bakeneye ubufasha bwiyongera ku buvuzi bwabo buriho.

Nkwiriye Gufata Zafirlukast Nte?

Fata zafirlukast uko muganga wawe abikwandikiye, akenshi kabiri ku munsi, hagati y'amasaha 12. Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni ukuyifata igifu cyambaye ubusa, haba isaha imwe mbere yo kurya cyangwa amasaha abiri nyuma yo kurya.

Ibyo kurya bishobora kugabanya cyane uburyo umubiri wawe wunguka umuti, bityo igihe cyo kuwufata n'ibiryo ni ingenzi. Niba uyifata kabiri ku munsi, ushobora gufata urugero rumwe mu gitondo mbere yo gufata ifunguro rya mu gitondo n'urundi rwa nimugoroba mbere yo gufata ifunguro rya nimugoroba cyangwa mbere yo kuryama.

Mimina ibinini byose hamwe n'ikirahure kinini cy'amazi. Ntugasenye, ntukore, cyangwa ubimenagure. Niba ugorwa no kumira ibinini, ganira na muganga wawe ku bindi bisubizo aho kugerageza kubihindura wenyine.

Komeza gufata zafirlukast kabone n'iyo wumva umeze neza. Kubera ko ari umuti wo gukumira, kuwuhagarika igihe wumva umeze neza bishobora gutuma ibimenyetso bya asima bisubira mu minsi mike cyangwa mu byumweru.

Nkwiriye Gufata Zafirlukast Igihe Kingana Gite?

Zafirlukast akenshi ni umuti w'igihe kirekire uzajya ufata igihe cyose ukeneye kugenzura asima. Abantu benshi bawufata amezi cyangwa imyaka, bitewe n'uburemere bwa asima yabo n'uburyo izindi nshuti zikora.

Ushobora kuzabona impinduka mu bimenyetso bya asima yawe mu minsi mike kugeza ku byumweru bibiri nyuma yo gutangira kuvurwa. Ariko, bishobora gufata ibyumweru bine kugira ngo wumve inyungu zose z'umuti.

Muganga wawe azajya asuzuma buri gihe niba zafirlukast igikwiye kuri wewe. Bashobora guhindura urugero rwawe, kongeraho indi miti, cyangwa guhindurira ku bundi buvuzi bitewe n'uburyo asima yawe igenzurwa n'ingaruka zose zikubaho.

Ni Iyihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Zafirlukast?

Abantu benshi boroherwa na zafirlukast, ariko nk'imiti yose, irashobora gutera ingaruka zidakunda. Kumva icyo witegura bishobora kugufasha kumva ufite icyizere ku buvuzi bwawe.

Ingaruka zisanzwe abantu benshi bahura nazo zirimo:

• Umutwe
• Urugimbu cyangwa kubabara mu nda
• Impiswi
• Urugero
• Kugira intege nke cyangwa umunaniro
• Kubabara mu nda
• Urubore

Izi ngaruka zikunda kuba nto kandi akenshi zikagenda uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti mu byumweru bike bya mbere.

Ingaruka zitabaho kenshi ariko zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga. Izi zirimo:

• Kubabara cyane mu nda
• Umuhondo w'uruhu cyangwa amaso (jaundice)
• Inkari z'umukara cyangwa imyanda y'umweru
• Umunaniro udasanzwe cyangwa intege nke
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya
• Ibimenyetso by'ibicurane bitagenda neza

Gahoro cyane, abantu bamwe bagira indwara yitwa Churg-Strauss syndrome, ikubiyemo kubyimba kw'imitsi y'amaraso. Ibimenyetso bya mbere birimo kurushaho kw'ibihaha, ibibazo by'imitsi, uruhu rurya, cyangwa guhuma mu ntoki no mu birenge.

Niba ubonye ibimenyetso bibangamye, ntugatinye kuvugana n'umuganga wawe. Bashobora gufasha kumenya niba ibimenyetso bifitanye isano n'umuti n'icyo gukora gikurikira.

Ninde utagomba gufata Zafirlukast?

Zafirlukast ntabwo ikwiriye kuri buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe mbere yo kuyandika. Ntugomba gufata uyu muti niba ufite allergie kuri zafirlukast cyangwa ibintu byayo byose.

Abantu bafite indwara y'umwijima bakeneye kwitabwaho by'umwihariko, kuko zafirlukast rimwe na rimwe ishobora gutera ibibazo by'umwijima. Muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibizamini by'amaraso kugirango arebe imikorere y'umwijima wawe mbere yo gutangira kuvurwa kandi buri gihe uko urimo kuyifata.

Niba utwite cyangwa wonka, ganira ku ngaruka n'inyungu n'umuganga wawe. Nubwo zafirlukast itaragaragazwa neza ko yangiza mu gihe cyo gutwita, ntihari ubushakashatsi buhagije bwo kwemeza umutekano wayo wuzuye.

Abana bari munsi y'imyaka 5 ntibagomba gufata zafirlukast, kuko umutekano wayo n'ubushobozi bwayo bitarashyirwaho muri iki cyiciro cy'imyaka. Ku bana bafite imyaka 5 n'abarenzeho, abaganga bazabara neza urugero rukwiye rishingiye ku byo umwana akeneye n'uburyo abyitwaramo.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Zafirlukast

Zafirlukast iboneka munsi y'izina ry'ubwoko rya Accolate muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika. Iyi ni yo miterere ikoreshwa cyane y'uyu muti kandi iza mu nini za 10mg na 20mg.

Ubwoko bwa zafirlukast na bwo buraboneka, bukaba burimo ibintu bikora kimwe n'izina ry'ubwoko. Izi nzira zishobora kuba zihendutse mugihe zitanga inyungu zimwe zo kuvura.

Uramutse wandikiwe izina ry'ubwoko cyangwa ubwoko busanzwe, umuti ukora kimwe. Umufarumasiti wawe ashobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa itandukaniro iryo ariryo ryose ryo kugaragara cyangwa gupakira hagati y'abakora batandukanye.

Uburyo bwa Zafirlukast

Niba zafirlukast itagukorera neza cyangwa itera ingaruka zikubangamiye, hari ubundi buryo butandukanye bushobora kugufasha kugenzura asima yawe. Umuganga wawe azakorana nawe kugirango abone uburyo bukwiye.

Abandi bahindura leukotriene barimo montelukast (Singulair), ikora kimwe na zafirlukast ariko ifatwa rimwe ku munsi kandi ishobora gufatwa hamwe n'ibiryo. Abantu bamwe basanga montelukast yoroshye cyangwa yihanganirwa neza.

Ibyo guhumeka corticosteroids nka fluticasone (Flovent) cyangwa budesonide (Pulmicort) akenshi bifatwa nk'urwego rwa zahabu rwo kugenzura asima. Akenshi bikora neza kurusha abahindura leukotriene ariko bisaba uburyo bukwiye bwo guhumeka.

Imiti ikora igihe kirekire ya beta-agonists ihuriye na corticosteroids ihumekwa, nka fluticasone/salmeterol (Advair) cyangwa budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort), itanga ingaruka zombi zirwanya ububyimbirwe n'izifungura imiyoboro y'ubuhumekero mu gihumeka kimwe.

Ku bantu bafite asima y'uburwayi, ibindi bishya nka omalizumab (Xolair) cyangwa izindi miti ya biyolojiya birashobora gutekerezwa, nubwo ibi bikunze kubikwa kuri asima ikomeye idasubiza ku zindi miti.

Ese Zafirlukast iruta Montelukast?

Zafirlukast na montelukast ni abanzi ba reseptor ya leukotriene bakora muburyo bumwe, ariko bafite itandukaniro rikomeye rishobora gutuma imwe ikwiriye kuruta iyindi.

Montelukast ifite inyungu yo gufata umuti rimwe ku munsi kandi irashobora gufatwa hamwe cyangwa ntafunguye, bituma byoroha kubantu benshi. Zafirlukast isaba gufata umuti kabiri ku munsi kandi igomba gufatwa ntafunguye, ibyo abantu bamwe basanga bigoye kwibuka.

Mugukurikiza ingaruka, imiti yombi ifatwa nkikora kimwe kugirango igenzure asima. Ubushakashatsi bumwe buvuga ko bikora kimwe neza mugukumira ibimenyetso bya asima no kugabanya gukenera ibihumeka byo gutabara.

Gu hitamo hagati yabo akenshi biterwa nibintu byihariye nkumunsi wawe wiminsi yose, izindi miti urimo gufata, nuko wihanganira buri imwe. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha guhitamo uburyo bukwiye neza nubuzima bwawe nubugambi bwo kuvura.

Ibikunze kubazwa kuri Zafirlukast

Ese Zafirlukast irakwiriye indwara y'umutima?

Zafirlukast muri rusange ifatwa nkikwiriye kubantu bafite indwara y'umutima, kuko ntigira ingaruka kumikorere yumutima nkuko imiti imwe ya asima ikora. Bitandukanye na bronchodilators zimwe zishobora kongera umuvuduko wumutima, zafirlukast ikora binyuze muri gahunda itandukanye idakunze kugira ingaruka kumikorere ya cardiovascular.

Ariko, niba urwaye indwara y'umutima, muganga wawe azakomeza kugukurikiranira hafi igihe utangiye imiti mishya. Bazatekereza uburyo zafirlukast ishobora guhura n'imiti yawe y'umutima niba gahunda yawe yose yo kuvurwa ikeneye guhindurwa.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nanyweye zafirlukast nyinshi ku buryo butunganye?

Niba unyweye zafirlukast nyinshi ku buryo butunganye, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya ubumara ako kanya. Nubwo kurenza urugero bidasanzwe, kunywa nyinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti, cyane cyane kuribwa mu nda no kuribwa umutwe.

Ntugerageze gusimbura kurenza urugero urukingira urugero rwawe rukurikira. Ahubwo, garuka ku gihe cyo kunywa imiti yawe nkuko byategetswe na muganga wawe. Bika icupa ry'umuti hamwe nawe igihe ushaka ubufasha kugirango abaganga bamenye neza icyo wanyoye n'ingano yacyo.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nanyimye urugero rwa zafirlukast?

Niba wanyimye urugero rwa zafirlukast, unywe ako kanya wibuka, igihe cyose ukiri ku gifu cyambaye ubusa. Niba igihe cyo kunywa urugero rwawe rukurikira kigeze, reka urugero wanyimye ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ntunyweho urugero rwa kabiri icyarimwe kugirango usimbure urugero wanyimye, kuko ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti. Niba ukunda kwibagirwa urugero, tekereza gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone cyangwa ukoreshe umuteguro w'ibinini kugirango bigufashe kuguma ku murongo.

Nshobora kureka kunywa zafirlukast ryari?

Wagombye kureka kunywa zafirlukast gusa ukurikije ubuyobozi bwa muganga wawe. Kubera ko ari umuti wo gukumira, kuyihagarika ako kanya bishobora gutuma ibimenyetso bya asima bisubira mu minsi cyangwa mu byumweru, kabone niyo waba warumvaga umeze neza.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba kureka kunywa zafirlukast niba asima yawe yaragenzurwaga neza igihe kirekire, niba urimo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti zituma utishima, cyangwa niba bashaka kugerageza uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura. Birashoboka ko bazagufasha kugabanya buhoro buhoro mugihe bakurikirana ibimenyetso byawe hafi.

Nshobora gufata Zafirlukast hamwe n'izindi miti ivura asima?

Yego, zafirlukast akenshi ikoreshwa hamwe n'indi miti ivura asima nk'igice cy'umugambi wuzuye wo kuvura. Irashobora gufatwa neza hamwe na corticosteroids ihumeka, bronchodilators ikora mu gihe gito yo gukoresha mu gutabara, n'indi miti myinshi ivura asima.

Ariko, imiti imwe irashobora gukorana na zafirlukast, cyane cyane imiti igabanya amaraso nka warfarin. Buri gihe bwire umuganga wawe na farumasiye ku bijyanye n'iyo miti yose urimo gufata, harimo imiti itagurishwa ku gasoko na supplements, kugira ngo wirinde gukorana bishoboka.