Zidovudine ni iki: Ibikoresho, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Zidovudine ni umuti urwanya virusi ufasha kurwanya virusi ya SIDA, virusi itera SIDA. Iyo itanzwe binyuze muri IV (inzira yo mu maraso), itanga umuti mu maraso yawe kugira ngo uvurwe vuba kandi neza.

Uyu muti ubarirwa mu itsinda ryitwa nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, ikora ibyo ikingira virusi ya SIDA kwigana mu mubiri wawe. Nubwo itavura virusi ya SIDA, zidovudine ifasha kugabanya virusi no kurengera urwego rwawe rw'ubudahangarwa ku kwangirika kurushaho.

Zidovudine ni iki?

Zidovudine ni umwe mu miti ya mbere ya virusi ya SIDA yigeze gukorwa, kandi iracyari igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu kuvura virusi ya SIDA uyu munsi. Uburyo bwa intravenous busobanura ko umuti ujya mu muyoboro wawe w'amaraso unyuze mu tuyunguruzo duto cyangwa urushinge.

Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuzima risanzwe rikoresha IV zidovudine iyo udashobora gufata ibinini binyuze mu kanwa cyangwa iyo bakeneye kumenya neza urwego rw'imiti mu maraso yawe. Ibi bishobora kubaho niba uri mu bitaro, uri kubagwa, cyangwa ufite isesemi ikabije ikubuza gufata imiti yo mu kanwa.

Uburyo bwa IV bukora vuba kuruta ibinini kuko buca mu nzira y'igogora ryawe rwose. Iyi nzira yo gutanga umuti mu buryo butaziguye irashobora gufasha cyane mu gihe cyo kuvurwa cyangwa igihe utangira kuvurwa virusi ya SIDA ku nshuro ya mbere.

Zidovudine ikoreshwa mu iki?

Zidovudine IV ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura indwara ya virusi ya SIDA nk'igice cyo kuvura hamwe n'indi miti ya virusi ya SIDA. Ikoreshwa kandi mu gukumira ikwirakwizwa rya virusi ya SIDA kuva ku mubyeyi ajya ku mwana mu gihe cyo gutwita no kubyara.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba IV zidovudine niba uherutse kumenyekana ko ufite virusi ya SIDA kandi ukeneye kuvurwa ako kanya, cyangwa niba uhindura imiti yo mu kanwa by'agateganyo. Ibitaro bikunze kuyikoresha ku barwayi badashobora kumira ibinini kubera indwara cyangwa ibikorwa by'ubuvuzi.

Mu bindi bihe, abaganga bakoresha zidovudine IV mu gukumira icyorezo cya SIDA nyuma yo guhura nacyo mu buryo butunguranye, nk'uko bikunda kubaho ku bakozi bo mu buvuzi bakomerekejwe n'urushinge. Ubu buvuzi, bwitwa gukumira nyuma yo guhura n'icyorezo, bukora neza iyo butangiye mu masaha make nyuma yo guhura n'icyorezo.

Zidovudine ikora ite?

Zidovudine ikora mu buryo bwo kuyobya SIDA ikoresha ibice by'ubwubatsi by'ubwambuzi igihe igerageza kwigana. Bitekereze nk'uko uha virusi ibice byangiritse igihe igerageza kubaka kopi nshya zayo.

SIDA ikeneye enzyme yitwa reverse transcriptase kugira ngo yororokere mu ngingo zawe. Zidovudine isa n'imwe mu bice by'ubwubatsi bisanzwe SIDA ikeneye, bityo virusi ikayikoresha mu buryo bwo kwibeshya. Iyo virusi yashyizeho zidovudine, ntishobora kurangiza uburyo bwo kwigana kandi irapfa.

Uyu muti ufatwa nk'ukomeye mu rwego rwo hagati mu bijyanye no kuvura SIDA. Si wo muti mushya cyangwa ukomeye kurusha iyindi iboneka, ariko wagaragaye ko ukora neza iyo ukoreshejwe hamwe n'indi miti ya SIDA. Ubu buryo bwo guhuza bufasha gukumira virusi kwigirira ubushobozi bwo kurwanya umuti umwe.

Nkwiriye gufata zidovudine nte?

Kubera ko zidovudine IV itangwa mu maraso yawe, ntuzagomba guhangayika ku bijyanye no kuyifata hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa amazi nk'imiti ifatirwa mu kanwa. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizabafasha mu bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kuyitanga.

Uyu muti ubusanzwe utangwa mu buryo bwo kuvomerwa buhoro buhoro mu gihe cy'isaha imwe cyangwa ebyiri unyuze mu muyoboro wa IV. Umuforomo wawe azakugenzura mu gihe cyo kuvomerwa kugira ngo arebe niba hari ibimenyetso byihuse cyangwa ingaruka ziterwa n'uyu muti.

Ntabwo ukeneye kwirinda ibiryo byihariye mu gihe wakira zidovudine IV, nubwo kugira imirire myiza bifasha mu gushyigikira ubuzima bwawe muri rusange mu gihe uvurwa SIDA. Kunywa amazi menshi bishobora gufasha impyiko zawe gutunganya umuti neza.

Nkwiriye gufata zidovudine igihe kingana iki?

Ubukure bw'imiti ya zidovudine IV bushingiye rwose ku miterere yawe n'ibyo ukeneye mu buvuzi. Abantu bamwe bayihabwa mu minsi mike bakiri mu bitaro, mu gihe abandi bashobora kuyikeneye mu byumweru byinshi.

Niba ukoresha zidovudine IV kuko utabasha gufata imiti yo kunywa, birashoboka ko uzasubira ku binini umaze kumva neza. Muganga wawe azagena igihe cyiza gishingiye ku gukira kwawe n'ubushobozi bwo kumira imiti.

Mu gukumira kwandura kwa SIDA kuva ku mubyeyi ujya ku mwana, ubuvuzi busanzwe bukomeza mu gihe cyo kubyara. Ubuvuzi bwo gukumira nyuma yo kwandura mubisanzwe bukubiyemo iminsi 28 yo kuvurwa, nubwo bishobora gutangira n'imiti ya IV mbere yo guhindukira ku miti yo kunywa.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara bya Zidovudine?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, zidovudine ishobora gutera ibikorwa bigaragara, nubwo atari buri wese ubyumva. Uburyo bwa IV bushobora gutera ibikorwa bitandukanye ugereranije na zidovudine yo kunywa kuko yinjira mu maraso yawe mu buryo butaziguye.

Dore ibikorwa bisanzwe bishobora kugaragara mu gihe cyangwa nyuma yo guhabwa IV:

• Kuruka no kuruka
• Umutwe
• Kunanirwa cyangwa kumva unaniwe cyane
• Urugero
• Kugorana gusinzira
• Urubavu cyangwa intege nke
• Uburibwe cyangwa uburibwe ahantu ha IV

Ibi bikorwa bisanzwe bigaragara mubisanzwe birushaho gukira uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuzima rishobora gufasha gucunga ibibazo byose ubona.

Abantu bamwe bahura n'ibikorwa bikomeye bisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'ubuvuzi. Nubwo ibi bidakunze kubaho, ni ngombwa kubimenya:

• Kubura amaraso akomeye (umubare muto w'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso) bitera umunaniro ukabije n'uruhu rworoshye
• Umubare muto w'uturemangingo twera tw'amaraso bigatuma urushaho kwibasirwa n'indwara
• Lactic acidosis (uburwayi bukomeye ariko butavuka kenshi butera kuribwa kw'imitsi no guhumeka bigoranye)
• Ibibazo bikomeye by'umwijima bifite ibimenyetso nk'uruhu cyangwa amaso y'umuhondo
• Urugero rukomeye rw'uburwayi bw'uburwayi bufite ibibazo by'uruhu, kubyimba, cyangwa guhumeka bigoranye

Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizakurikirana umubare w'amaraso yawe n'imikorere y'umwijima buri gihe kugira ngo bamenye ingaruka zikomeye hakiri kare. Abantu benshi bafata neza zidovudine, cyane cyane iyo ari igice cy'ubuvuzi bukurikiranwa neza.

Ninde utagomba gufata Zidovudine?

Zidovudine ntibishoboka kuri buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe mbere yo kuyandika. Abantu bafite ibibazo runaka bakeneye kwitonda cyangwa bashobora kwirinda iyi miti rwose.

Ugomba kubwira umuganga wawe niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bibazo mbere yo gutangira zidovudine IV:

• Kubura amaraso akomeye cyangwa izindi ndwara z'amaraso
• Indwara y'impyiko cyangwa imikorere y'impyiko igabanuka
• Indwara y'umwijima cyangwa hepatite
• Amateka ya pankreatite (uburwayi bwa pankire)
• Indwara z'imitsi cyangwa intege nke z'imitsi zitagaragara
• Urugero rw'uburwayi bwa allergie kuri zidovudine cyangwa imiti isa nayo

Abagore batwite bashobora gufata neza zidovudine IV bayobowe n'abaganga, kuko rwose birasabwa gukumira kwandura SIDA ku mwana. Ariko, muganga wawe azakurikirana wowe n'umwana wawe hafi mugihe cy'ubuvuzi.

Niba ufata indi miti, cyane cyane iyo igira ingaruka ku turemangingo twawe tw'amaraso cyangwa umwijima, muganga wawe ashobora gukenera guhindura doze cyangwa guhitamo ubuvuzi butandukanye. Buri gihe tanga urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti yose n'ibyongerera imbaraga ufata.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Zidovudine

Zidovudine iboneka mu mazina menshi y'ubucuruzi, Retrovir ikaba ari yo izwi cyane. Ushobora no kuyibona yanditse nka AZT, ikaba ari imvugo ngufi y'izina ryayo rya shimi azidothymidine.

Abakora imiti batandukanye bakora ubwoko bwa zidovudine butandukanye, bityo ishusho n'imbonere yayo bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'ubwoko ibitaro byawe cyangwa ivuriro rikoresha. Umuti uri muri wo uguma uko wakabaye hatitawe ku izina ry'ubucuruzi cyangwa umukora.

Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizakoresha ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose buboneka mu kigo kivurirwamo. Ubwoko bwose bwa zidovudine bwemewe na FDA bujuje ubuziranenge n'ubushobozi bumwe, bityo ushobora kwiringira ko urimo kwakirwa neza.

Uburyo bwo gusimbura Zidovudine

Imiti myinshi ya HIV ishobora gukora nk'uburyo bwo gusimbura zidovudine, bitewe n'ibyo ukeneye byihariye n'ubuzima bwawe. Muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza kuri izi nzira niba zidovudine itagukwiriye cyangwa niba uhuye n'ingaruka zikomeye.

Izindi nzego z'inyuma za transcriptase inhibitors zirimo emtricitabine, tenofovir, na lamivudine. Izi zikora kimwe na zidovudine ariko zifite ingaruka zitandukanye n'uburyo bwo kurwanya.

Ubuvuzi bwa HIV bwa none bukoresha cyane amashuri atandukanye y'imiti yose, nka integrase inhibitors cyangwa protease inhibitors. Izi nzira nshya zirashobora koroha gufata kandi zikagira ingaruka nkeya, nubwo guhitamo neza biterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze.

Ese Zidovudine iruta indi miti ya HIV?

Zidovudine ntiruta cyangwa ngo irusheho indi miti ya HIV - ni igikoresho kimwe gusa mu buryo bwo kuvura bwuzuye. Umuti wa HIV

Ugereranije n'imiti mishya ya HIV, zidovudine imaze igihe kinini, bityo abaganga bafite uburambe bwinshi ku ngaruka zayo n'imikoranire yayo. Ariko, imiti mishya akenshi igira ingaruka nke kandi ifite gahunda yo kuyifata yoroshye.

Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuzima rizasuzuma ibintu nk'imikorere y'impyiko zawe, izindi ndwara, imikoranire y'imiti ishoboka, n'ubwoko bwihariye bwa HIV ufite mugihe cyo guhitamo imiti. Intego ni ukubona uruvange rugufitiye akamaro kanini hamwe n'ingaruka nke.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Kuri Zidovudine

Ese Zidovudine irakwiriye ku bantu barwaye indwara y'impyiko?

Zidovudine irashobora gukoreshwa ku bantu barwaye indwara y'impyiko, ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa neza kandi birashobora gusaba guhindura urugero. Impyiko zawe zigufasha gukuramo zidovudine mu mubiri wawe, bityo kugabanuka kw'imikorere y'impyiko bishobora gutuma umuti wiyongera ku rwego rwo hejuru.

Muganga wawe azagenzura imikorere y'impyiko zawe akoresheje ibizamini by'amaraso mbere yo gutangira kuvurwa kandi abikurikiranire hafi mugihe uri guhabwa zidovudine IV. Barashobora guhindura urugero rwawe cyangwa kongera igihe kiri hagati y'urugero kugirango birinde ko umuti wiyongera.

Nigute nakora niba nanyweye zidovudine nyinshi bitunguranye?

Kubera ko zidovudine IV itangwa n'abakora mu buvuzi ahantu hacungwa, kwiyongera kw'umuti bitunguranye ni gake cyane. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi ribara neza kandi rigakurikirana urugero rwose kugirango rigure ko wakira umuti ukwiriye.

Niba ufite impungenge kubijyanye n'urugero rwawe cyangwa ubona ibimenyetso bidasanzwe mugihe cyo guterwa umuti, bwire umuganga wawe cyangwa umuganga w'ababyaza. Barashobora kureba ibyo wategetswe gukoresha imiti hanyuma bagahindura uburyo bwo kuvura niba bibaye ngombwa. Ibimenyetso byo kunywa zidovudine nyinshi birashobora kuba isesemi ikabije, umunaniro ukabije, cyangwa intege nke idasanzwe.

Nigute nakora niba nirengagije urugero rwa zidovudine?

Gucikanwa urugero rwa zidovudine IV ntibishoboka kuko abaganga babitanga hakurikijwe gahunda yihariye. Ariko, niba urugero rwawe rutinze cyangwa ruhagaritswe kubera impamvu z'ubuvuzi, ikipe yawe y'ubuzima izagena uburyo bwiza bwo gukomeza.

Bashobora kuguha urugero rwatanzwe vuba bishoboka, guhindura gahunda yawe yo gutanga imiti, cyangwa gukora izindi mpinduka kugirango wemeze ko wakira ubuvuzi buhagije. Ntukagerageze na rimwe "gufata" usaba imiti yinyongera - ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi izakemura impinduka zose z'igihe neza.

Ryari nshobora guhagarika gufata Zidovudine?

Ntabwo ugomba na rimwe guhagarika zidovudine IV ku giti cyawe - iki cyemezo kigomba gufatwa n'ikipe yawe y'ubuzima. Guhagarika imiti ya HIV mu buryo butunguranye bishobora korohereza virusi kwiyongera vuba kandi bishobora guteza imbere ubwirinzi ku buvuzi.

Muganga wawe azagena igihe cyo guhagarika zidovudine IV hashingiwe ku ntego zawe z'ubuvuzi n'ubuzima bwawe bw'ubu. Niba wimuka kuva kuri IV ujya ku miti yo kunywa, bazahuza igihe kugirango bamenye neza ko ubuvuzi bukomeza nta mikorere.

Nshobora gutwara imodoka nyuma yo kwakira Zidovudine IV?

Zidovudine irashobora gutera isereri no kunanirwa, cyane cyane iyo utangiye ubuvuzi. Ntugomba gutwara cyangwa gukoresha imashini niba wumva urwaye isereri, unaniwe, cyangwa ubundi bumuga nyuma yo guterwa urugero.

Abantu benshi bakira zidovudine IV bari mu bitaro cyangwa mu mavuriro, bityo gutwara ntibisanzwe kuba impungenge zihuse. Mbere yo kuva mu kigo cy'ubuvuzi, menya neza ko wumva uri maso kandi uhamye ku birenge byawe. Niba utazi neza ubushobozi bwawe bwo gutwara neza, saba umuntu kuguha urugendo rugutahana.