Zidovudine ni iki: Ibikoresho, Uburyo bwo kuyifata, Ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Zidovudine ni umuti urwanya virusi ufasha kurwanya SIDA, virusi itera SIDA. Ihereranye n'itsinda ry'imiti yitwa nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, ikora ibyo ikingira HIV kwiyongera mu mubiri wawe.

Uyu muti umazeho imyaka kuva mu myaka ya za 1980 kandi niwo muti wa mbere wemewe wo kuvura HIV. Nubwo imiti mishya ya HIV ikunze gukoreshwa uyu munsi, zidovudine iracyagira uruhare runini mu kuvura HIV, cyane cyane mu gukumira kwandura kwa nyina ku mwana mu gihe cyo gutwita.

Zidovudine ni iki?

Zidovudine ni umuti wa HIV utuma virusi itihuta mu kwiyongera imbere mu ntsinga zawe. Ushobora kandi kumva yitwa AZT cyangwa izina ryayo rya Retrovir.

Tekereza HIV igerageza kwikorera kopi zayo ikoresheje imashini z'umubiri wawe. Zidovudine ikora nk'igice cyubaka kidafite akamaro gishyirwa muri izo kopi, gituma zituzura kandi zitagira akamaro. Ibi bifasha kugabanya umubare wa virusi mu maraso yawe, yitwa umubare wa virusi yawe.

Uyu muti uza mu buryo bwa capsule na solution yo kunywa, bituma bigera ku bantu bakuru n'abana bakeneye kuvurwa HIV.

Zidovudine ikoreshwa mu iki?

Zidovudine ivura indwara ya HIV mu bantu bakuru n'abana bapima nibura ibiro 4 (hafi ya 9 pounds). Ikoreshwa buri gihe hamwe n'indi miti ya HIV, ntabwo ikoreshwa yonyine.

Uyu muti ufite impamvu nyinshi z'ingenzi mu kwita ku barwayi ba HIV. Mbere na mbere, ifasha kugabanya umubare wa virusi mu bantu bafite indwara ya HIV igihe ihujwe n'indi miti irwanya virusi. Icya kabiri, ni ingirakamaro cyane mu gukumira kwandura kwa HIV kuva ku babyeyi batwite bakajyana ku bana babo mu gihe cyo gutwita, kubyara, no kuvuka.

Abaganga b’ubuzima rimwe na rimwe bandikira abana bavutse vuba bafite ababyeyi banduye virusi itera SIDA (VIH), akenshi mu byumweru bitandatu bya mbere by’ubuzima. Ibi bifasha kurengera abana bashobora kuba barahuye na virusi igihe bavuka.

Zidovudine ikora ite?

Zidovudine ikora ibuza VIH ubushobozi bwo kwikorera mu ngirangingo z’umubiri zirwanya indwara. Ifatwa nk’umuti ukomeye wo kurwanya VIH, ugamije ikintu runaka mu buzima bwa virusi.

Iyo VIH yanduye ingirangingo zawe, ikoresha enzyme yitwa reverse transcriptase kugira ngo ihindure ibikoresho byayo bya genetike mu buryo bushobora gushyirwa muri DNA y’ingirangingo zawe. Zidovudine yigana kimwe mu bikoresho bisanzwe iyi enzyme ikeneye, ariko mu by’ukuri ni verisiyo y’ubwambuzi.

Iyo iyi enzyme ishyize zidovudine mu murongo wa DNA ya virusi ikura, uwo murongo urahagarara hakiri kare kandi ntugire akamaro. Ibi birinda virusi kurangiza uruziga rwayo rwo kwikorera no gukora kopi nshya zayo.

Nkwiriye gufata zidovudine nte?

Fata zidovudine nk’uko umuganga wawe abikwandikiye, akenshi buri masaha 12 cyangwa uko byategetswe. Urashobora kuyifata hamwe cyangwa utayifatanije n’ibiryo, nubwo abantu bamwe basanga byoroshye mu gifu iyo bafatanije n’ifunguro ryoroshye.

Mimina ibinini byose hamwe n’ikirahure cyuzuye cy’amazi. Niba ukoresha umuti w’urugimbu, pima urugero rwawe neza ukoresheje igikoresho cyagenewe gupima, ntabwo ukoresha ikiyiko cyo mu rugo. Uru rugimbu rushobora kuvangwa n’ibiryo bito niba bikenewe kugira ngo birusheho kuba byiza.

Gerageza gufata imiti yawe mu masaha amwe buri munsi kugira ngo ugumane urugero rwawo ruzigama mu mubiri wawe. Gushyiraho alarme kuri terefone cyangwa gukoresha umuteguro w’ibinini birashobora kugufasha gukurikiza gahunda yawe yo gufata imiti.

Nkwiriye gufata zidovudine igihe kingana iki?

Uzakenera gufata zidovudine igihe kirekire nk’uko umuganga wawe abitegeka, akenshi ni igihe kirekire cyo kuvura VIH. Imiti ya VIH ikora neza iyo ifashwe buri gihe uko igihe kigenda.

Ku bantu bakuru n'abana banduye virusi itera SIDA (VIH), zidovudine akenshi iba mu gice cy'ubuvuzi buzahoraho. Guhagarika umuti bishobora gutuma virusi yongera kwiyongera kandi ikaba yatera ubwirinzi ku miti.

Niba ufata zidovudine mu gihe utwite kugira ngo wirinde ko virusi yandurira umwana, muganga wawe azaguha inama zihariye zerekeye igihe cyo gukomeza kuvurwa. Abana bavuka bashya akenshi bayihabwa mu gihe cy'ibyumweru bitandatu nyuma yo kuvuka.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara bya Zidovudine?

Kimwe n'indi miti yose, zidovudine ishobora gutera ibikorwa bigaragara, nubwo atari buri wese ubyumva. Ibikorwa bigaragara byinshi birashobora guhangana nabyo kandi akenshi birakosoka uko umubiri wawe ukimenyereza umuti.

Dore ibikorwa bigaragara bisanzwe ushobora guhura nabyo:

• Umutwe no kunanirwa
• Isesemi no kubura ubushake bwo kurya
• Urubavu rw'imitsi no kunanuka
• Kugorwa no gusinzira
• Impiswi cyangwa kutumva neza mu nda

Ibi bimenyetso akenshi biba byoroheje kugeza hagati kandi akenshi biragabanuka nyuma y'ibyumweru bike by'ubuvuzi.

Ibikorwa bigaragara bikomeye birashobora kubaho, nubwo bitabaho kenshi. Ibi birimo anemia ikomeye (umubare muto w'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso), bishobora gutuma wumva unaniwe cyane kandi unanuka. Abantu bamwe bashobora no kugabanyirizwa mu turemangingo twera tw'amaraso, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'umubiri wawe bwo kurwanya indwara.

Gahoro cyane, zidovudine ishobora gutera indwara ikomeye yitwa lactic acidosis, aho aside yiyongera mu maraso yawe. Ibimenyetso birimo kunanirwa bidasanzwe, kuribwa mu nda, isesemi, kuruka, no kugorwa no guhumeka. Ikindi kintu giteye ubwoba ariko gikomeye ni ibibazo bikomeye by'umwijima, bishobora gutera uruhu rwawe cyangwa amaso yawe guhinduka umuhondo, inkari zikaba umukara, cyangwa kuribwa cyane mu nda.

Vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya niba uhuye n'ibikorwa bigaragara bikomeye cyangwa bihoraho, cyane cyane kunanirwa bidasanzwe, guhumeka bigufi, cyangwa ibimenyetso by'ibibazo by'umwijima.

Ninde Utagomba Gufata Zidovudine?

Zidovudine ntiribereye buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azatekereza neza niba ari yo ikubereye. Ntugomba gufata uyu muti niba ufite allergie kuri zidovudine cyangwa ibindi bice byayo.

Abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe bagomba kwitabwaho by'umwihariko mbere yo gutangira gufata zidovudine. Niba ufite anemia ikomeye cyangwa umubare muto w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera, muganga wawe ashobora gukenera kuvura izo ndwara mbere cyangwa agahitamo undi muti wa HIV.

Abafite indwara y'umwijima, ibibazo by'impyiko, cyangwa amateka ya pankreatite basabwa gukurikiranwa neza mugihe bafata zidovudine. Umuganga wawe ashobora gutuma bakora ibizamini by'amaraso buri gihe kugirango barebe imikorere y'umwijima wawe, imikorere y'impyiko, n'umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso.

Menyesha muganga wawe imiti yose urimo gufata, harimo imiti itangwa itagomba uruhushya rwa muganga n'ibyongerera imbaraga. Imiti imwe na imwe irashobora gukurikiranwa na zidovudine, cyane cyane indi miti ishobora kugira ingaruka ku turemangingo tw'amaraso yawe cyangwa imikorere y'umwijima.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Zidovudine

Zidovudine iboneka munsi y'amazina menshi y'ubwoko, Retrovir ikaba ariyo izwi cyane. Ubu bwoko bukorerwa na ViiV Healthcare kandi buza mu buryo bwa capsule na solution yo kunywa.

Ubwoko bwa zidovudine bwa generic buraboneka kandi butangwa n'abakora imiti batandukanye. Ubu bwoko bwa generic burimo ibintu bimwe bikora kandi bikora neza nk'ubwoko bw'izina, akenshi ku giciro gito.

Farumasi yawe irashobora gusimbuza zidovudine ya generic ku bwoko bw'izina keretse muganga wawe asabye by'umwihariko izina ry'ubwoko. Ubwoko bwombi bujyana n'ubuziranenge bumwe n'ubwisanzure.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Zidovudine

Imiti myinshi ya HIV ishobora gukoreshwa nk'uburyo bwo gusimbuza zidovudine, bitewe n'imimerere yawe n'ibyo ukeneye mu kuvurwa. Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'umubare wawe wa virusi, izindi ndwara, n'imikoranire y'imiti ishobora kubaho mugihe ahitamo uburyo bwiza kuri wowe.

Izindi nzego z’abagabanya ubwandure bw’agakoko ka SIDA zirimo emtricitabine, tenofovir, na abacavir. Iyi miti ikora kimwe na zidovudine ariko ishobora kugira ingaruka zitandukanye cyangwa gahunda zo kuyifata.

Ubuvuzi bwa none bwa SIDA akenshi bukoresha imiti ivanze irimo imiti myinshi mu gipimo kimwe. Urugero ni Biktarvy, Descovy, na Truvada, zihuza ubwoko butandukanye bw’imiti ya SIDA kugira ngo ifatwe neza.

Umuvuzi wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo abone uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura SIDA bushingiye ku miterere yawe bwite n'amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi.

Ese Zidovudine iruta Tenofovir?

Zidovudine na tenofovir zombi ni imiti ikora neza ya SIDA, ariko buri imwe ifite ibyiza byayo n'ibitekerezo byayo. Guhitamo

Imyaka myinshi y'ubushakashatsi yerekanye ko zidovudine igabanya cyane ibyago byo kwanduza umwana wawe virusi itera SIDA iyo ikoreshejwe nk'igice cy'uburyo bwo kuyirinda. Inyungu zo kuyivura ziruta cyane ibyago byose bishobora kubaho.

Muganga wawe azagukurikiranira hafi wowe n'umwana wawe mu gihe cyose cyo gutwita kandi ashobora guhindura gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa uko bikwiye. Abagore benshi bakomeza gufata zidovudine mu gihe cyose cyo gutwita no mu gihe cyo kubyara.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba mfashe zidovudine nyinshi ku buryo butunguranye?

Niba ufata zidovudine nyinshi ku buryo butunguranye kuruta uko byategetswe, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya ubumara ako kanya. Gufata nyinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zikomeye, cyane cyane zikora ku ngirangingo z'amaraso yawe.

Ntugategereze ngo urebe niba wumva umeze neza. N'iyo utabona ibimenyetso ako kanya, kunywa nyinshi bishobora guteza ibibazo bikeneye ubuvuzi.

Iyo uhamagaye, ujyane icupa ry'umuti kugira ngo ushobore gutanga amakuru yihariye yerekeye urugero wafashe n'igihe. Ibi bifasha abaganga kumenya uburyo bwiza bwo gukora.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nirengagije urugero rwa zidovudine?

Niba wibagiwe urugero rwa zidovudine, rufate ako kanya wibuka, keretse igihe cyegereje urugero rwawe ruteganyijwe. Muri icyo gihe, reka urugero wibagiwe ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe yo gufata imiti.

Ntuzigere ufata urugero rurenze rumwe icyarimwe kugira ngo usubize urugero wibagiwe, kuko ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zikomeye. Ahubwo, garuka ku murongo hamwe na gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Gerageza kugabanya urugero wibagiwe binyuze mu gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone yawe cyangwa ukoreshe agasanduku k'imiti. Guhora ufata imiti buri munsi bifasha gukomeza urwego rwiza rw'umuti mu mubiri wawe.

Nshobora kureka gufata zidovudine ryari?

Ntuzigere ureka gufata zidovudine utabanje kuvugana n'umuganga wawe. Guhagarika imiti ya virusi itera SIDA mu buryo butunguranye bishobora korohereza virusi kwiyongera vuba kandi bikaba bishobora guteza urwanya imiti.

Umuganga wawe azajya akurikirana buri gihe umubare wa virusi mu mubiri wawe n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange kugira ngo amenye niba hari impinduka zikenewe mu buryo uvurwa. Rimwe na rimwe, bashobora kuguherereza imiti itandukanye ya HIV, ariko ibi bikwiye gukorwa buri gihe mu maso y'abaganga.

Niba urimo guhura n'ingaruka zikugora gukomeza gufata zidovudine, ganira n'umuganga wawe. Akenshi bashobora guhindura uburyo uvurwa cyangwa gutanga ubufasha kugira ngo bagufashe guhangana n'ingaruka.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga niba ndimo gufata Zidovudine?

Nubwo nta tegeko ribuza rwose kunywa inzoga mugihe ufata zidovudine, ni ngombwa kwitonda. Inzoga na zidovudine byombi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mwijima wawe, bityo kubifatanya bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara umwijima.

Niba uhisemo kunywa inzoga, bikore mu rugero ruto kandi ubiganireho n'umuganga wawe. Bazagufasha gusobanukirwa ibindi byago byose bishingiye ku buzima bwawe muri rusange n'indi miti urimo gufata.

Wibuke ko inzoga zishobora no kubuza ubushobozi bwawe bwo gufata imiti buri gihe kandi zigashobora kunaniza urugingo rw'umubiri rurwanya indwara, ibi bikaba ari ngombwa cyane kuzirikana mugihe urimo guhangana na HIV.