Zonisamide ni iki: Ibikoreshwa, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka ziterwa n'ibindi

Zonisamide ni umuti uvura ibibazo byo gufatwa n'indwara y'igicuri ufasha kugenzura ibimenyetso bya epilepsiya binyuze mu gutuza ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi akabije mu bwonko bwawe. Uyu muti wandikirwa na muganga umaze imyaka irenga makumyabiri ufasha abantu mu guhangana n'ibibazo byabo byo gufatwa n'indwara y'igicuri, uha abarwayi benshi uburyo bwo kugenzura neza indwara yabo no guteza imbere imibereho yabo.

Zonisamide ni iki?

Zonisamide ni umuti uvura epilepsiya (AED) wo mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa sulfonamides. Ikora mu gufata neza imikorere y'amashanyarazi mu turandaryi tw'ubwonko bwawe, ikabuza ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bidasanzwe bitera gufatwa n'indwara y'igicuri.

Uyu muti uza mu buryo bw'ibinini bifatirwa mu kanwa. Muganga wawe azagutera umuti nk'umuti wawe nyamukuru uvura ibibazo byo gufatwa n'indwara y'igicuri cyangwa hamwe n'indi miti ivura ibibazo byo gufatwa n'indwara y'igicuri kugira ngo uguhe uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura indwara yawe.

Zonisamide ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Zonisamide ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura gufatwa n'indwara y'igicuri mu bantu bakuru barwaye epilepsiya. Gufatwa n'indwara y'igicuri bigaragarira mu gice kimwe cy'ubwonko bwawe, nubwo rimwe na rimwe bishobora kwaguka mu bindi bice.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugutera zonisamide niba umuti wawe uvura ibibazo byo gufatwa n'indwara y'igicuri utagikora neza wenyine. Akenshi ikoreshwa nk'umuti

Uyu muti na wo ugira ingaruka ku miyoboro ya kalisiyumu kandi ushobora kugira uruhare mu mikorere y'imirasire y'ubwonko yitwa neurotransmitters. Ubu buryo bufasha ibice byinshi butuma ukora ku bantu benshi, nubwo bishobora gufata ibyumweru byinshi kugira ngo ugere ku mikorere yawo yuzuye mu mubiri wawe.

Tekereza zonisamide nk'umuti woroheje ariko ukomeye ugenga imikorere y'amashanyarazi mu bwonko bwawe. Ntiwongera guhagarika burundu ibimenyetso byo mu bwonko ahubwo bifasha kubikoresha mu buryo bugenzurwa kandi buhoraho.

Nkwiriye Gufata Zonisamide Nte?

Fata zonisamide nk'uko umuganga wawe abikwandikiye, akenshi rimwe cyangwa kabiri ku munsi. Urashobora kuyifata hamwe cyangwa utayifatanije n'ibiryo, nubwo kuyifata hamwe n'ibiryo bishobora kugufasha kugabanya ibibazo byo mu nda niba hari icyo ubona.

Mimina ibinini byose hamwe n'ikirahure cyuzuye cy'amazi. Ntukagure, unyugute, cyangwa urume ibinini, kuko ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umuti usohoka mu mubiri wawe.

Ni ngombwa kunywa amazi menshi mugihe ufata zonisamide. Uyu muti ushobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara ibuye ry'impyiko, bityo kuguma ufite amazi ahagije bifasha kurengera impyiko zawe kandi bikagabanya ibi byago.

Gerageza gufata imiti yawe ku gihe kimwe buri munsi kugira ngo ugumane urugero rwo mu maraso. Niba uyifata kabiri ku munsi, shyira intera ya hafi amasaha 12 hagati y'imiti kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo byiza.

Mvuga Zonisamide Igihe Kingana Gite?

Zonisamide akenshi ni umuti ufata igihe kirekire uzakenera gufata amezi cyangwa imyaka kugira ngo ugumane kugenzura ibyago byo gufatwa. Abantu benshi barwaye igicuri bakeneye gufata imiti igabanya ibyago byo gufatwa igihe cyose kugira ngo birinde ko ibyago byagaruka.

Umuganga wawe azakurikiza uko witwara ku muti kandi ashobora guhindura urugero rwawo uko igihe kigenda gihita. Abantu bamwe babona kugenzura neza ibyago byo gufatwa kandi bakomeza gufata zonisamide imyaka myinshi nta kibazo.

Ntugasize gufata zonisamide mu buryo butunguranye, kuko ibyo bishobora gutera ibibazo byo gufatwa cyangwa ndetse n'indwara ikomeye yitwa status epilepticus. Niba ukeneye guhagarika umuti, muganga wawe azagutegurira gahunda yo kugabanya buhoro buhoro kugira ngo ugabanye umuti wawe mu buryo bwizewe mu byumweru byinshi.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara bya Zonisamide?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, zonisamide ishobora gutera ibikorwa bigaragara, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza. Kumva icyo witegura bishobora kugufasha kumva witeguye kandi ukamenya igihe cyo kuvugana na muganga wawe.

Ibikorwa bigaragara bisanzwe ushobora guhura nabyo birimo gusinzira, kuribwa umutwe, no kugorana kwibanda, cyane cyane iyo utangiye gufata umuti. Ibi bikorwa akenshi birushaho gukira uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti mu byumweru bike bya mbere.

Dore ibikorwa bigaragara bikunda kugaragara cyane:

• Gusinzira cyangwa kunanirwa
• Kuribwa umutwe cyangwa kutagira umutuzo
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya
• Kuruka cyangwa kurwara mu nda
• Kugorana kwibanda cyangwa ibibazo byo kwibuka
• Kuribwa umutwe
• Kugira umujinya cyangwa guhinduka kw'amarangamutima

Ibi bikorwa bigaragara bisanzwe akenshi birushaho kugabanuka uko umubiri wawe umenyera umuti. Niba bikomeje cyangwa bikabangamira imirimo yawe ya buri munsi, muganga wawe akenshi ashobora guhindura urugero rwawe cyangwa igihe cyo gufata umuti kugira ngo bifashe.

Abantu bamwe bahura n'ibikorwa bigaragara bikomeye bisaba ubufasha bwihuse bwa muganga. Nubwo ibi bitamenyerewe, ni ngombwa kubimenya kugira ngo ushobore gushaka ubufasha vuba niba bibaye ngombwa.

Vugana na muganga wawe ako kanya niba uhuye n'ibi bikorwa bikomeye:

• Uruhu rukomeye cyangwa guhura kw'uruhu
• Urubavu ruriho umuriro
• Kubabara cyane impyiko cyangwa umugongo
• Amara mu nkari
• Kugorana guhumeka
• Ukubura mu maso, iminwa, cyangwa ururimi
• Kutekereza kwikomeretsa cyangwa kwiyahura
• Kuvurungana cyangwa guhagarika umutima bikomeye

Ingaruka zidakunze kubaho ariko zikomeye zirimo amabuye yo mu mpyiko, ibimenyetso bikomeye byo kwivumbura ku miti, n'indwara yitwa metabolic acidosis aho amaraso yawe ahinduka aside cyane. Muganga wawe azakugenzura akoresheje ibizamini by'amaraso bya buri gihe kugira ngo amenye ibi bibazo hakiri kare niba bibayeho.

Ninde utagomba gufata Zonisamide?

Zonisamide ntirinzwe kuri buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe mbere yo kukwandikira umuti. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni niba ufite allergie ku miti ya sulfonamide.

Ntugomba gufata zonisamide niba ufite allergie kuri sulfonamides, kuko ibi bishobora gutera ibimenyetso bikomeye byo kwivumbura ku miti. Bwira muganga wawe ibyerekeye ibimenyetso byose byabayeho byo kwivumbura ku miti nka sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine, cyangwa indi miti ya sulfa.

Abantu bafite indwara ikomeye y'impyiko ntibashobora gufata zonisamide mu buryo bwizewe, kuko umuti ushobora gushyira igitutu cyinshi ku mpyiko. Muganga wawe azagenzura imikorere y'impyiko zawe mbere yo gutangira kuvurwa.

Ubwitange bwihariye bukenewe niba ufite imwe muri izi ndwara:

• Indwara y'impyiko cyangwa amateka y'amabuye yo mu mpyiko
• Indwara y'umwijima
• Ibibazo byo guhumeka cyangwa indwara y'ibihaha
• Amateka yo kwiheba cyangwa ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura
• Indwara za metabolic
• Amateka yo gushya cyangwa kugorana kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'umubiri

Niba utwite cyangwa uteganya gutwita, ganira ku byago n'inyungu na muganga wawe. Zonisamide ishobora gukomeretsa umwana utaravuka, ariko ibibazo byo gufatwa n'indwara mu gihe cyo gutwita nabyo bishobora guteza akaga kuri nyina n'umwana.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Zonisamide

Izina risanzwe rya zonisamide ni Zonegran, ryari ubwoko bwa mbere igihe umuti watangiraga kuboneka. Ubu bwoko bwemewe kandi buhabwa abaganga muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika.

Muri iki gihe, zonisamide iboneka kandi mu buryo bwa rusange butangwa n'abakora imiti batandukanye. Ubu bwoko bwa rusange burimo ibintu bikora kimwe kandi bikora neza nk'ubwoko bw'izina ry'ubucuruzi, akenshi ku giciro gito.

Farumasi yawe ishobora gusimbuza ubwoko bwa rusange mu buryo bwikora keretse muganga wawe asabye by'umwihariko izina ry'ubucuruzi. Ubu bwoko bwombi bukora neza mu kugenzura ibyago.

Izindi miti isimbura Zonisamide

Niba zonisamide itagukundiye cyangwa ikagutera ingaruka zitishimirwa, indi miti myinshi irwanya ibyago ishobora kuba igisubizo cyiza. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha gushakisha izi nzira zishingiye ku bwoko bw'ibyago byawe byihariye n'amateka yawe y'ubuzima.

Ibindi byongera imiti irwanya ibyago bikora kimwe na zonisamide birimo levetiracetam (Keppra), lamotrigine (Lamictal), na topiramate (Topamax). Buri kimwe gifite inyungu zacyo n'ingaruka zishobora guterwa.

Abantu bamwe barushaho kumera neza bakoresheje imiti ishaje, yashyizweho neza nka phenytoin (Dilantin) cyangwa carbamazepine (Tegretol). Abandi bashobora kungukira ku bindi bishya nka lacosamide (Vimpat) cyangwa eslicarbazepine (Aptiom).

Guhitamo ikindi gisubizo biterwa n'ibintu byinshi birimo ubwoko bw'ibyago byawe, indi miti ufata, imyaka yawe, n'izindi ndwara ufite. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugirango abone igisubizo cyiza niba zonisamide itagukwiriye.

Ese Zonisamide iruta Levetiracetam?

Zonisamide na levetiracetam (Keppra) ni imiti ikora neza irwanya ibyago, ariko nta n'imwe iruta iyindi. Guhitamo neza biterwa n'imimerere yawe bwite, ubwoko bw'ibyago, n'uburyo umubiri wawe witwara kuri buri muti.

Zonisamide ishobora kuba igisubizo cyiza niba waragize ingaruka zifitanye isano n'amarangamutima hamwe na levetiracetam, kuko ntibishoboka ko byatera umujinya cyangwa urugomo. Nanone kandi, ifite imiti mike ihura n'indi miti irwanya ibyago.

Levetiracetam irashobora gukundwa niba ukeneye gutangira imiti ivura ibibazo byo gufatwa n'indwara vuba, kuko ishobora gutangizwa ku gipimo cyuzuye ako kanya. Zonisamide mubisanzwe ikeneye gutangizwa ku gipimo gito kandi kiyongera buhoro buhoro mu byumweru byinshi.

Abantu bamwe basanga umuti umwe ugenzura neza ibibazo byabo byo gufatwa n'indwara kurusha undi, nubwo byombi bikora neza mu bushakashatsi bwa muganga. Muganga wawe ashobora gukenera kugerageza byombi kugirango arebe niba ikora neza kubibazo byawe byihariye.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Zonisamide

Ese Zonisamide iratekanye ku ndwara z'impyiko?

Zonisamide isaba kwitonderwa niba ufite indwara z'impyiko. Uyu muti ushobora gutuma imikorere y'impyiko irushaho kuba mibi kandi ikongera ibyago byo kurwara amabuye y'impyiko, bityo muganga wawe azakenera kugukurikiranira hafi.

Niba ufite ibibazo byoroheje by'impyiko, muganga wawe ashobora gukomeza kugusaba zonisamide ariko ku gipimo gito hamwe no gukurikiranwa kenshi. Abantu bafite indwara zikomeye z'impyiko bashobora gukenera kwirinda zonisamide rwose cyangwa bakayikoresha gusa bayobowe na muganga cyane.

Ibizami by'amaraso bisanzwe bizafasha muganga wawe gukurikirana uko impyiko zawe zikora neza mugihe ufata uyu muti. Kunywa amazi menshi birashobora gufasha kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara amabuye y'impyiko.

Nigira iki niba nanyweye zonisamide nyinshi bitunguranye?

Kunywa zonisamide nyinshi birashobora guteza akaga kandi bisaba ubufasha bwihutirwa bwa muganga. Niba utunguranye ukanywa byinshi kuruta urugero rwawe rwanditswe, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura uburozi ako kanya, nubwo wumva umeze neza.

Ibimenyetso byo kurenza urugero rwa zonisamide birimo gusinzira cyane, urujijo, guhumeka nabi, cyangwa gutakaza ubwenge. Ibi bimenyetso birashobora guteza akaga kandi bisaba ubufasha bwihutirwa bwa muganga.

Ntugategereze kureba niba ibimenyetso bigaragara. Hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya cyangwa ujye mu cyumba cyihutirwa cyegereye niba wanyweye zonisamide nyinshi. Zana icupa ry'umuti hamwe nawe kugirango abakozi b'ubuvuzi babone neza icyo wanyweye n'ingano yacyo.

Nkwiri Kora Iki Niba Nsibye Urubuto rwa Zonisamide?

Niba wibagiwe gufata urubuto rwa zonisamide, rufate uko wibukije, keretse igihe cyo gufata urundi rugeze. Mu gihe nk'icyo, reka urubuto wasibye, maze ufate urundi ku gihe cyarwo gisanzwe.

Ntuzigere ufata imiti ibiri icyarimwe kugira ngo wuzuze urubuto wasibye, kuko ibyo bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti. Biruta gusiba urubuto rumwe kuruta gufata imiti myinshi ku buryo butunganye.

Niba ukunda kwibagirwa gufata imiti, tekereza gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone yawe cyangwa ukoreshe agasanduku k'imiti kugira ngo bigufashe kuguma ku murongo. Gufata imiti buri gihe ni ngombwa kugira ngo urinde ibyago byo kugira ibibazo byo mu bwonko.

Nshobora Kureka Gufata Zonisamide Ryari?

Ugomba kureka gufata zonisamide gusa ubikore ubisabwe n'umuganga wawe. Abantu benshi barwaye indwara yo mu bwonko bakeneye gufata imiti igihe kirekire kugira ngo birinde ko ibibazo byo mu bwonko byagaruka.

Niba wowe n'umuganga wawe mwafashe icyemezo cyo kureka zonisamide, uzakenera kugabanya urugero rwawo buhoro buhoro mu byumweru byinshi. Guhagarika umuti mu buryo butunganye bishobora gutera ibibazo byo mu bwonko cyangwa indwara y'akaga yitwa status epilepticus.

Abantu bamwe bashobora kureka gufata imiti igihe bamaze imyaka myinshi badafite ibibazo byo mu bwonko, ariko icyemezo nk'icyo kigomba gufatwa nyuma yo kugenzura neza kwa muganga. Umuganga wawe azatekereza ku bintu nk'ubwoko bw'ibibazo byo mu bwonko ufite, igihe umaze udafite ibibazo byo mu bwonko, n'ibisubizo bya EEG yawe.

Nshobora Gutwara Imodoka Ndafata Zonisamide?

Gutwara imodoka udafata zonisamide biterwa n'uko ibibazo byo mu bwonko byawe bigenda neza n'uko wumva ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti nk'ibitotsi cyangwa isereri. Abantu benshi bashobora gutwara neza imodoka igihe ibibazo byabo byo mu bwonko bigenda neza kandi bamaze kumenyera umuti.

Igihe utangiye gufata zonisamide, ushobora kumva urushye cyangwa ufite isereri, ibyo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwawe bwo gutwara neza imodoka. Tegereza kugeza umenye uko umuti ukugiraho ingaruka mbere yo gutwara imodoka cyangwa gukoresha imashini.

Buri leta ifite amategeko atandukanye yerekeye gutwara imodoka ufite indwara y'igicuri, akenshi asaba igihe runaka utagira ibyiciro by'indwara mbere yo gutwara imodoka byemewe n'amategeko. Ganira na muganga wawe ndetse n'ishami rya leta rishinzwe ibinyabiziga ku bijyanye n'ibisabwa byihariye mu karere kawe.