Ni Ibyo Amaraso Yipfunditse? Ibimenyetso, Ibiteye, & Ubuvuzi Bwo Mu Rugo

Amaraso yipfunditse ni uburyo umubiri wawe usanzwe uhagarika kuva amaraso iyo wakomeretse. Utekereze nk'udupande duto dukora iyo amaraso yiyongera akisunga hamwe kugira ngo afunge ibikomere cyangwa ibikomere. Nubwo iki gikorwa cyo kwipfundika ari ingenzi mu gukira, ibibazo bishobora kuvuka iyo amaraso yipfunditse akoreka imbere mu miyoboro y'amaraso iyo bitagakwiye, cyangwa iyo adashonga neza nyuma yo gukora akazi kayo.

Ni Ibyo Amaraso Yipfunditse?

Amaraso yipfunditse ni ibice bimeze nka jeli bikora iyo amaraso y'amazi ahindutse akaba igice gikomeye. Umubiri wawe urayikora ukoresheje inzira igoye irimo uturemangingo tw'amaraso (utugufi tw'amaraso) na poroteyine yitwa ibintu byo kwipfundika bikorera hamwe nk'agahanda gasanzwe.

Hariho ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bw'amaraso yipfunditse ugomba kumenya. Amaraso yipfunditse akora mu miyoboro y'amaraso itwara amaraso arimo umwuka wa ooxygeni ava mu mutima wawe ajya mu bindi bice by'umubiri wawe. Amaraso yipfunditse akora mu miyoboro y'imitsi isubiza amaraso mu mutima wawe, kandi aya ni yo akunze kugaragara kurusha amaraso yipfunditse.

Aho amaraso yipfunditse akorera ni ho hagaragaza uko bishobora kuba bikomeye. Amaraso yipfunditse mu maguru yawe, mu bihaha, cyangwa mu bwonko birashobora kuba biteye impungenge cyane kuko bishobora guhagarika urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso mu ngingo z'ingenzi.

Amaraso Yipfunditse Yumvikana Ate?

Amaraso yipfunditse ashobora kumvikana mu buryo butandukanye bitewe n'aho akorera mu mubiri wawe. Abantu benshi basobanura icyiyumvo nk'ububabare buhoraho, bwimbitse butajya buva mu kuruhuka cyangwa guhindura imiterere.

Niba ufite amaraso yipfunditse mu kirenge cyawe, ushobora kubona kubyimba, gushyuha, no kumva ububabare mu gice cyibasiwe. Uburibwe akenshi butangirira mu gice cy'ikimera kandi bushobora kumvikana nk'urugimbu cyangwa charley horse itajya ikira. Uruhu rwawe rushobora kandi kugaragara rutukura cyangwa rwahindutse ibara.

Amaraso yipfunditse mu bihaha byawe bishobora gutera guhumeka guhagarara, uburibwe bukaze mu gituza bwiyongera iyo uhumeka cyane, n'umutima utera vuba. Abantu bamwe kandi bahura n'inkuba ishobora gutanga ibimenyetso by'amaraso.

Ni ingenzi gusobanukirwa ko ibimburwa byose by'amaraso bitera ibimenyetso bigaragara. Abantu bamwe bafite ibyo abaganga bita "ibimburwa bitavugwa" bitatanga ibimenyetso bigaragara kugeza igihe biba bikomeye.

Ibitera ibimburwa by'amaraso?

Ibimburwa by'amaraso bibaho iyo sisitemu isanzwe yo gupfuka amaraso mu mubiri wawe iba ikabije cyangwa iyo amaraso atembera gahoro cyane. Gusobanukirwa izi mpamvu birashobora kugufasha kumenya igihe ushobora kuba uri mu kaga gakomeye.

Dore ibintu bisanzwe bitera ibimburwa by'amaraso:

• Kutagira umuvuduko mwinshi biturutse ku ngendo ndende, kuruhuka ku gitanda, cyangwa kwicara igihe kirekire
• Kubagwa cyangwa ibikomere bikomeye byangiza imitsi y'amaraso
• Imiti imwe na rimwe nka pilule zigenzura urubyaro cyangwa ubuvuzi bwo gusimbuza imisemburo
• Gusama no mu gihe cyo nyuma yo kubyara bitewe n'imihindagurikire ya misemburo
• Umunyonga, wangiza imitsi y'amaraso kandi bigira ingaruka ku itembera ry'amaraso
• Kutagira amazi ahagije bituma amaraso akomera kandi akaba ashobora gupfuka
• Umubyibuho ukabije, ushobora gutuma amaraso atembera gahoro kandi ukongera umuvuduko ku mijyana

Abantu bamwe kandi bafite indwara zarazwe zituma amaraso yabo akunda gupfuka. Ibi bintu bya genetike, bifatanyije n'imibereho cyangwa ibitera by'ibidukikije, bishobora kongera cyane ibyago byo gupfuka.

Ibimburwa by'amaraso ni ikimenyetso cyangwa ikimenyetso cy'iki?

Ibimburwa by'amaraso bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'indwara zitandukanye zishingiye ku buzima zigira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'amaraso yawe bwo gutembera neza. Kumenya izi nyunganizi bifasha gusobanukirwa impamvu ibimburwa bishobora kuvuka.

Indwara nyinshi zishobora gutuma wibasirwa no gukora ibimburwa by'amaraso:

• Uburwayi bwo mu mitsi yimbitse (DVT), aho ibibumbe biba mu mitsi yimbitse, akenshi mu maguru
• Uburwayi bwo mu bihaha, iyo igibumbwe kigenda mu bihaha byawe
• Atrial fibrillation, umutima utera nabi ushobora gutuma amaraso yibumbira
• Kanseri, ishobora gutuma umubiri wawe ukora ibibumbe by'amaraso
• Uburwayi bwo mu mubiri bwo kwanga ibyo wihangiye nka lupus cyangwa antiphospholipid syndrome
• Kunanirwa k'umutima, aho amaraso atagenda neza yongera ibyago byo kubumbana kw'amaraso
• Indwara zifata amara, zishobora kugira ingaruka ku kubumbana kw'amaraso

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, ibibumbe by'amaraso bishobora kwerekana uburwayi bwo kubumbana kw'amaraso bwandurwa nka Factor V Leiden deficiency cyangwa protein C deficiency. Izi ndwara ziterwa n'imirerere zigira ingaruka ku buryo amaraso yawe abumbana kandi agashonga mu buryo busanzwe.

Rimwe na rimwe ibibumbe by'amaraso bishobora kandi kuba ibimenyetso byo kwihanangiriza by'indwara zikomeye nka sitiroko cyangwa umutima, cyane cyane iyo bibumbiye mu miyoboro y'amaraso itwara amaraso mu bwonko cyangwa umutima.

Ese ibibumbe by'amaraso bishobora gushira byonyine?

Ibibumbe bito by'amaraso rimwe na rimwe bishobora gushonga mu buryo busanzwe binyuze mu buryo umubiri wawe wihangiye bita fibrinolysis. Ubu buryo busenya ibibumbe hakoreshejwe enzymes umubiri wawe ukora byihariye kuri iyi ntego.

Ariko, ntugomba na rimwe kwemera ko igibumbwe cy'amaraso kizishonga cyonyine, cyane cyane niba ufite ibimenyetso. Ibibumbe binini cyangwa ibyo ahantu hateje akaga bisaba ubuvuzi kugira ngo birinde ingorane zikomeye.

Ubushobozi bw'umubiri wawe bwo gushonga ibibumbe bushobora kugirwaho ingaruka n'imyaka, ubuzima muri rusange, n'ubunini n'ahantu igibumbwe giherereye. Nubwo ibibumbe bito bishobora gushonga bitabayeho ubufasha, ntibishoboka kumenya izizashonga n'izitazashonga.

Ni gute ibibumbe by'amaraso bivurwa mu rugo?

Nubwo ibibumbe by'amaraso muri rusange bisaba ubuvuzi, hari uburyo bwo gufasha ushobora gukoresha mu rugo ukurikiza ubuyobozi bwa muganga wawe. Ubu buryo bushobora gufasha kunoza imikorere y'amaraso no kugabanya ibyago byo guteza ibindi bibumbe.

Dore uburyo bwo kwita ku murwayi mu rugo bushobora gufasha mu gukira:

• Kunywa amazi menshi umunsi wose kugira ngo umubiri uhorane amazi ahagije
• Kuzamura amaguru iyo wicaye cyangwa uryamye kugira ngo amaraso atemberere neza
• Kwambara amasogisi akanda amaguru niba byasabwe n'umuganga wawe
• Kugenda ibyiciro bigufi buri gihe kugira ngo amaraso atemberere neza
• Gushyira ibintu bishyushye ahantu hababara kugira ngo bigabanye ububabare
• Kwima igihe kirekire wicaye cyangwa uhagaze ahantu hamwe

Ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa ko iyi miti yo mu rugo igomba gufasha, atari ukugirira akamaro imiti y'abaganga. Ntukagerageze na rimwe kuvura ibimenyetso by'amaraso yiziritse ukoresheje imiti yo mu rugo gusa, kuko ibyo bishobora gutera ibibazo byica.

Ni iyihe miti ikoreshwa n'abaganga mu kuvura amaraso yiziritse?

Ubuvuzi bw'abaganga bwo kuvura amaraso yiziritse akenshi bukubiyemo imiti ibuza amaraso mashya kwizirika kandi igafasha ayasanzweho gushonga. Muganga wawe azahitamo uburyo bwiza bushingiye ku hantu amaraso yiziritse ari, ubunini bwayo, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Ubuvuzi busanzwe bukoreshwa n'abaganga burimo imiti irwanya amaraso yiziritse (ituma amaraso atagira umurego) nka warfarin, heparin, cyangwa imiti mishya nka rivaroxaban. Iyi miti ntishonga amaraso yiziritse ahubwo ibabuza gukura no kwizirika.

Mu bihe bikomeye, abaganga bashobora gukoresha ubuvuzi bwa thrombolytic, bukubiyemo imiti ishonza amaraso yiziritse. Ubu buvuzi akenshi bukoreshwa mu bihe byica kuko butera ibibazo byo kuva amaraso menshi.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, kubagwa bishobora kuba ngombwa. Uburyo nk'ubwo bwa thrombectomy bushobora gukuraho amaraso yiziritse, naho ibyuma bya vena cava bishobora gushyirwaho kugira ngo bifate amaraso yiziritse mbere y'uko agera mu bihaha.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kujya kwa muganga kubera amaraso yiziritse?

Ugomba kwihutira kwivuza niba wumva ibimenyetso byose bishobora kwerekana ko ufite urugimbu mu maraso. Kuvurwa hakiri kare birinda ingorane zikomeye kandi bikarokora ubuzima bwawe.

Hamagara serivisi zihutirwa ako kanya niba ubonye ibi bimenyetso byo kwitondera:

• Guhema guhagarara mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa kugorwa no guhumeka
• Urubavu rurya cyane rurushaho iyo uhumeka cyangwa ukoze
• Ukubura gukabije mu kugege kimwe hamwe n'ububabare n'ubushyuhe
• Umutwe ukabije utunguranye hamwe n'imihindukire y'imboni
• Ubugwari cyangwa ubucucu ku ruhande rumwe rw'umubiri wawe
• Gukorora amaraso cyangwa ibirura birimo amaraso

Ntugategereze ngo urebe niba ibimenyetso bizikiza. Urugimbu rushobora kwimuka vuba mu maraso yawe kandi rugateza ingorane ziteye ubuzima bw'akaga nka pulmonari embolism cyangwa situroke.

Ni iki gitera urugimbu mu maraso?

Kumenya ibikugiraho uruhare bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zo kwirinda no kumenya igihe ushobora kuba wenda kurwara urugimbu mu maraso. Ibintu bimwe nawe ubwawe urabishoboye, mu gihe ibindi bigize imiterere yawe ya genetike cyangwa amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi.

Dore ibintu by'ingenzi bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kurwara urugimbu mu maraso:

• Imyaka irenga 60, kuko ibyago byo gupfundika byiyongera uko ushaje
• Amateka y'umuryango w'urugimbu mu maraso cyangwa indwara zo gupfundika
• Kubagwa vuba, cyane cyane imikorere ya orotopedike cyangwa mu nda
• Kuruhuka igihe kirekire mu gitanda cyangwa kutagira ubushobozi bwo kwimuka
• Imiti ishingiye kuri hormone cyangwa gutwita
• Kugira kanseri ikora cyangwa kuvurwa kanseri
• Umunywa w'itabi no kunywa inzoga nyinshi
• Umubyibuho ufite BMI irenga 30

Ibintu bitavugwa cyane ariko bifite akamaro harimo indwara zimwe na zimwe ziterwa n'ubwirinzi, indwara z'impyiko, n'indwara zo gupfundika zidakira. Kugira ibintu byinshi bigushyira mu kaga bishobora kongera cyane amahirwe yawe yo kurwara urugimbu.

Ni izihe ngorane zishoboka ziterwa n'urugimbu mu maraso?

Ududuko tw'amaraso dushobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye iyo tubangamiye urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso mu ngingo z'ingenzi cyangwa tukivana tukajya mu bindi bice by'umubiri wawe. Kumva ibyo bishobora kuvamo bitsindagiriza impamvu kuvurwa vuba ari ngombwa cyane.

Ibibazo bikomeye cyane bishobora guteza akaga kandi bigasaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga:

• Pulmonary embolism, aho ududuko tubangamira imitsi mu muhaha wawe
• Umutima w'umutwe, iyo ududuko tubangamiye urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso mu bwonko bwawe
• Umutima utera, niba ududuko tubaye mu miyoboro y'amaraso yo mu mutima
• Syndrome ya post-thrombotic, itera kubyimba amaguru igihe kirekire no kuribwa
• Hypertension ya pulmonary thromboembolic ihoraho, itera umutima gukora cyane
• Ukwangirika kw'impyiko biturutse ku duduko mu miyoboro y'amaraso yo mu mpyiko

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, ududuko tw'amaraso dushobora gutera urupfu rw'imyanya (necrosis) niba tubangamiye rwose itangwa ry'amaraso mu gace runaka igihe kirekire. Ibi rimwe na rimwe bishobora gusaba kubagwa cyangwa no guca igice cy'umubiri mu bihe bikomeye.

Abantu bamwe kandi bagira ibibazo bihoraho nk'ububabare buhoraho, kubyimba, cyangwa impinduka z'uruhu mu duce ududuko twahoze turimo. Ibi bibazo by'igihe kirekire bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho myiza.

Ibyo ududuko tw'amaraso dushobora kwitiranywa na byo?

Ududuko tw'amaraso rimwe na rimwe dushobora kwitiranywa n'izindi ndwara ziteza ibimenyetso bisa. Iyi ni yo mpamvu isuzuma ry'ubuvuzi rikwiye ari ngombwa kugira ngo hakorwe isuzuma ry'ukuri n'imiti ikwiye.

Ududuko tw'amaraso yo mu maguru akunda kwitiranywa no gukomereka kw'imitsi, imitsi yakururiwe, cyangwa shin splints kuko bishobora gutera ububabare no kubyimba bisa. Itandukaniro rikomeye ni uko ububabare buterwa n'ududuko akenshi ntibugenda neza iyo uruhutse kandi bushobora kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda.

Ibimenyetso bya pulmonary embolism bishobora kwitiranywa n'umutima utera, umusonga, cyangwa ibitero by'ubwoba. Ariko, gutangira vuba kw'ingorane zo guhumeka ziherekejwe n'ububabare mu gituza bigomba guhita bituma usuzumwa n'abaganga.

Rimwe na rimwe ibibumbe by'amaraso mu bwonko bishobora kwitiranywa na migraine cyangwa izindi ndwara zifitanye isano n'umutwe, cyane cyane mu ntangiriro. Ikintu gitandukanya ni akenshi uburyo bwo gutungurwa, bukomeye bw'umutwe hamwe n'ibindi bimenyetso by'imitsi.

Ibibazo bikunze kwibazwa ku bibumbe by'amaraso

Q1: Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ikibumbe cy'amaraso gishingwe?

Ibibumbe by'amaraso bishobora gushingwa vuba, rimwe na rimwe mu masaha make nyuma y'ikintu cyateye nk'ububaga cyangwa kutagira umuvuduko muremure. Ariko, igihe nyacyo gitandukanye bitewe n'ibintu bigushyira mu kaga wowe ubwawe n'uko ibintu bimeze. Ibibumbe bimwe biterwa buhoro buhoro mu minsi cyangwa mu byumweru, mu gihe ibindi bishobora gushingwa vuba mu gihe cy'imvune zikomeye cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura.

Q2: Uramenya ikibumbe cy'amaraso kigenda mu mubiri wawe?

Abantu benshi ntibashobora kumva ikibumbe cy'amaraso kigenda mu maraso yabo. Ariko, ushobora guhura n'ibimenyetso bishya bitunguranye iyo ikibumbe kigeze kandi kigahagarika umutsi w'amaraso ahantu hatandukanye. Urugero, niba ikibumbe cy'ukuguru cyisanzuye kigakwira mu bihaha byawe, wahita ugira ingorane zo guhumeka n'ububabare mu gituza.

Q3: Ese ibibumbe by'amaraso bikunda kugaragara mu bihe runaka?

Ubushakashatsi buvuga ko ibibumbe by'amaraso bishobora kugaragara cyane mu gihe cy'imbeho, bishobora guterwa n'ibikorwa byiyongera imbere mu nzu, kumva umubiri wumye, no guhinduka kw'umuvuduko w'amaraso. Ariko, ibibumbe by'amaraso bishobora kubaho igihe icyo aricyo cyose cy'umwaka, kandi impinduka z'ibihe ni nto ugereranyije n'ibindi bintu bigushyira mu kaga.

Q4: Ese umunaniro ushobora gutera ibibumbe by'amaraso?

Umunaniro udashira ushobora gutuma ibibumbe by'amaraso bishingwa binyuze mu kongera umubabaro, kuzamura umuvuduko w'amaraso, no kugira ingaruka ku buryo amaraso yawe akora. Nubwo umunaniro wenyine ukunda gutera ibibumbe, ushobora kuba ikintu gituma bibaho, cyane cyane iyo bihujwe n'ibindi bintu bigushyira mu kaga nk'itabi cyangwa kwicara igihe kirekire.

Q5: Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ufate imiti ituma amaraso ativanga nyuma y'ikibumbe cy'amaraso?

Igikurikira imiti ivura amaraso avura cyane bitewe nicyateye uruvange rwawe n'ibintu byawe by'umuntu ku giti cye. Abantu bamwe bakeneye kuvurwa mu mezi make gusa, mu gihe abandi bashobora gukenera kuvurwa ubuzima bwabo bwose. Muganga wawe azagenzura buri gihe ibyago byawe byo kuzagira uruvange mu gihe kizaza ugereranije n'ibibazo byawe byo kuva amaraso kugirango umenye igihe cyiza cyo kuvurwa kubera ibibazo byawe byihariye.