Ni iki Hypoxemia? Ibimenyetso, Ibiteye, & Ubuvuzi bwo mu rugo

Hypoxemia bisobanura ko ufite urwego ruto rwa ogisijeni mu maraso yawe. Ibi bibaho iyo ibihaha byawe bitabasha kwinjiza ogisijeni ihagije mu maraso yawe, cyangwa iyo amaraso yawe atabasha gutwara ogisijeni neza mu ngingo zawe n'imitsi yawe.

Tekereza ogisijeni nk'igicanwa cy'uturemangingo tw'umubiri wawe. Iyo urwego rwa ogisijeni mu maraso rugabanutse munsi y'ibisanzwe, umubiri wawe ukora cyane kugira ngo ubone ogisijeni ukeneye. Nubwo ibi bishobora gutera ubwoba, ibibazo byinshi bya hypoxemia birashobora kuvurwa neza iyo impamvu yabyo imenyekanye.

Ni iki Hypoxemia?

Hypoxemia ni indwara ya muganga aho amaraso yawe arimo ogisijeni nkeya kuruta uko byagakwiye kuba biri. Urwego rusanzwe rwa ogisijeni mu maraso akenshi ruri hagati ya 95% na 100% iyo bipimwe na pulse oximeter.

Iyo saturation ya ogisijeni mu maraso yawe imanuka munsi ya 90%, abaganga babona ko ari hypoxemia. Umubiri wawe ukeneye ogisijeni kugira ngo ukore neza, bityo iyo urwego rwagabanutse, ushobora gutangira kumva ibimenyetso nk'umwuka mubi cyangwa umunaniro.

Iyi ndwara itandukanye na hypoxia, yerekeza ku rwego ruto rwa ogisijeni mu mitsi y'umubiri wawe. Hypoxemia yibanda by'umwihariko ku kintu cya ogisijeni mu maraso yawe mbere yuko kigera mu ngingo zawe.

Hypoxemia yumva ite?

Ibimenyetso bya mbere bya hypoxemia akenshi byumva nkaho utabona umwuka uhagije. Ushobora kwibona uhumeka vuba cyangwa wumva unaniwe mugihe ukora ibikorwa bisanzwe bitagutera umunaniro.

Abantu benshi basobanura kumva nkaho batabasha guhumeka, kabone niyo bicaye gusa. Umutima wawe ushobora gutera vuba uko ugerageza gutera amaraso arimo ogisijeni nyinshi mu mubiri wawe.

Iyo hypoxemia igenda ikura, ushobora guhura n'ibimenyetso byinshi bigaragara byerekana ko umubiri wawe ukeneye ogisijeni nyinshi:

• Kugufisha umwuka cyangwa kugorwa no guhumeka
• Umutima utera cyane cyangwa utagenda neza
• Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa kugifunga
• Kuribwa umutwe cyangwa kumva ureremba
• Kutamenya neza cyangwa kugorwa no kwibuka
• Ibara ry'ubururu ku minwa, inzara, cyangwa uruhu (bita cyanosis)
• Umunaniro ukabije cyangwa intege nke
• Umutwe uburibwa

Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuva ku byoroheje kugeza ku bikomeye bitewe n'uko urugero rwa ogisijeni rumanuka. Ibara ry'ubururu ni ingenzi cyane kurikurikiza, kuko akenshi ryerekana hypoxemia ikomeye cyane ikeneye ubuvuzi bwihutirwa.

Igitera Hypoxemia?

Hypoxemia iterwa n'igihe ikintu kibangamiye ubushobozi bw'umubiri bwo gukurura ogisijeni mu muhaha ikayijyana mu maraso. Ibi bishobora kubaho kubera impamvu zitandukanye, kuva ku bibazo by'igihe gito kugeza ku bibazo by'ubuzima bihoraho.

Impamvu zisanzwe zikubiyemo ibibazo by'umuhaha, umutima, cyangwa umwuka uhumeka. Reka turebe uburyo butandukanye hypoxemia ishobora gutezwa:

Impamvu zifitanye isano n'umuhaha ni zo zikunda gutera hypoxemia:

• Uburwayi bwa pneumoni cyangwa izindi ndwara z'umuhaha
• Ibitero bya asima bigabanya inzira z'umwuka
• Indwara y'umuhaha izitira (COPD)
• Pulmonary embolism (igikomere cy'amaraso mu muhaha)
• Amazi mu muhaha (pulmonary edema)
• Umuhaha wifunze (pneumothorax)
• Urugero rukabije rwo kwibasirwa n'ibintu bitera allergie bigira ingaruka ku guhumeka

Impamvu zifitanye isano n'umutima zirinda amaraso arimo ogisijeni kuzenguruka neza:

• Ubumuga bw'umutima bwo kuvuka
• Kunanirwa k'umutima
• Anemia ikabije (umubare muto w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso atukura)

Impamvu zishingiye ku bidukikije nazo zishobora gutera hypoxemia:

• Aho hari uburebure bwinshi aho urugero rwa ogisijeni ruri hasi
• Kurohwa na karubone monokiside
• Kuhumeka umwotsi cyangwa izindi gazi zangiza

Rimwe na rimwe, indwara zidakunze kuboneka nka sleep apnea cyangwa imiti imwe n'imwe bishobora gutuma habaho hypoxemia. Kumva icyateye ibi bifasha abaganga guhitamo uburyo bwo kuvura bwiza.

Hypoxemia ni ikihe kimenyetso cyangwa ikimenyetso cy'indwara?

Hypoxemia akenshi yerekana indwara yihishe ikeneye kwitabwaho. Aho kuba indwara ubwayo, akenshi ni uburyo umubiri wawe ukubwira ko hari ikintu cyangiza ubushobozi bwawe bwo kubona umwuka uhagije.

Muri rusange, hypoxemia yerekana ikibazo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero. Indwara nka pneumonia, asima, cyangwa COPD zishobora gutuma urwego rwa oxygen rwawe rugabanuka munsi y'ibisanzwe.

Dore indwara zikomeye zishobora kwerekana hypoxemia:

Indwara z'ubuhumekero nizo zikunze gutera ibibazo:

• Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
• Bronchitis cyangwa bronchiolitis
• Indwara y'ibihaha
• Ubukana bw'ibihaha
• Pneumonia ikaze
• Pulmonary fibrosis

Indwara z'umutima n'imitsi y'amaraso nazo zishobora gutera hypoxemia:

• Congestive heart failure
• Pulmonary hypertension
• Indwara z'umutima zivukira
• Pulmonary embolism ikomeye

Indwara zidakunze kuboneka zishobora gutera hypoxemia zirimo:

• Kyphoscoliosis ikaze (gukomera kw'umugongo bigira ingaruka ku guhumeka)
• Indwara z'imitsi zigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'imitsi y'ubuhumekero
• Kunywa imiti irenze urugero bigira ingaruka ku myanya y'ubuhumekero
• Guhinduka gukomeye kw'urukuta rw'igituza

Umuvuzi wawe azakora kugirango amenye indwara yateye hypoxemia yawe. Ibi bibafasha gukora gahunda yo kuvura ikemura urwego rwa oxygen yawe n'ikibazo cyihishe.

Ese Hypoxemia irashobora gukira yonyine?

Hypoxemia yoroheje iterwa n'indwara z'igihe gito irashobora gukira yonyine uko umubiri wawe ukira. Urugero, niba ufite indwara y'ubuhumekero, urwego rwa oxygen yawe rushobora gusubira mu buryo busanzwe uko indwara ikira.

Ariko, hypoxemia isanzwe ikenera ubufasha bwa muganga kugira ngo hakemurwe icyateye ikibazo. Gutegereza ko hypoxemia ikomeye ikira yonyine birashobora guteza akaga, kuko ingingo zawe zikeneye umwuka uhagije kugira ngo zikore neza.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, hypoxemia ishobora gukira yonyine harimo indwara yoroheje iterwa n'uburebure iyo ugarutse mu bice biri hasi, cyangwa indwara ntoya zifata imyanya y'ubuhumekero ku bantu bafite ubuzima bwiza. Nyamara, gukurikirana ibimenyetso byawe n'urugero rw'umwuka wa oxygen ni ingenzi.

Niba urimo guhura n'ibimenyetso nk'umwuka mubi cyane, kuribwa mu gituza, cyangwa uruhu rwawe rurabura, ntugategereze ko ibi bikira byonyine. Ibi bimenyetso bigaragaza ko umubiri wawe ukeneye ubufasha bwihuse bwo kubona umwuka wa oxygen mwinshi.

Ni gute hypoxemia ivurwa mu rugo?

Mugihe hypoxemia ikomeye isaba kuvurwa na muganga, hariho ingamba zimwe na zimwe zishobora gufashisha ukora mu rugo kubera ibibazo byoroheje, buri gihe ukurikiza ubuyobozi bwa muganga.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukurikiza inama za muganga wawe no gukurikirana ibimenyetso byawe neza. Kuvura mu rugo bigomba gufasha, ntibisimbure, ubuvuzi bw'umwuga.

Dore ingamba zimwe na zimwe zishobora gufasha kuri hypoxemia yoroheje:

• Kuruhuka mu mwanya mwiza, uhagaze kugira ngo bifashe guhumeka kwawe
• Gukora imyitozo yo guhumeka gahoro, cyane niba byasabwe na muganga wawe
• Kunywa amazi menshi kugira ngo ugume mu mazi
• Koresha humidifier kugira ngo umwuka ugire ubushuhe niba ufite imyanya y'ubuhumekero yuzuye
• Kwimuka umwotsi, imiti ikaze, cyangwa ibindi bintu byangiza umwuka
• Kunywa imiti yategetswe neza nkuko byategetswe

Niba muganga wawe yaragutegetse pulse oximeter, yikoreshe kugira ngo ukurikirane urugero rw'umwuka wa oxygen wawe buri gihe. Andika ibyo wasomye kugira ngo ubisangize umuganga wawe.

Wibuke ko kuvura mu rugo bikwiye gukoreshwa gusa kubibazo byoroheje munsi y'ubuyobozi bwa muganga. Ntukigere ugerageza kuvura hypoxemia ikomeye mu rugo, kuko ibi bishobora guteza akaga gakomeye.

Ni iki kivurwa na muganga kuri hypoxemia?

Ubuvuzi bw'indwara ya hypoxemia bugamije kongera urugero rwa ogisijeni mu maraso yawe mu gihe havurwa icyateye iyo ndwara. Muganga wawe azahitamo ubuvuzi bushingiye ku buryo hypoxemia yawe ikomeye ndetse n'icyayiteye.

Intego yihutirwa ni ukongera urugero rwa ogisijeni yawe rukagaruka mu bisanzwe. Ibi mubisanzwe bikubiyemo gutanga ogisijeni yiyongera mu gihe havurwa indwara itera ikibazo.

Ubuvuzi bwa ogisijeni ni bwo buvuzi bw'ibanze bwa hypoxemia:

• Nasal cannula ku byago byoroheje
• Agapfukamunwa ka ogisijeni kuri hypoxemia yo hagati
• Sisitemu za ogisijeni zifite umuvuduko mwinshi ku byago bikomeye
• Kuvuza hakoreshejwe imashini ku byago biteye ubuzima inkeke

Imiti igamije kuvura icyateye indwara:

• Bronchodilators zo gufungura inzira z'umwuka mu gihe cy'umutima cyangwa COPD
• Antibiyotike ku ndwara ziterwa na bagiteri
• Corticosteroids kugabanya umuvumo
• Diuretics gukuraho amazi yarenze urugero mu muhogo
• Imiti ituma amaraso atavura ku bantu bafite ikibazo cyo guhagarara kw'amaraso mu muhogo

Ubuvuzi buhanitse ku byago bikomeye bishobora kuba birimo:

• Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
• Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) ku byago bikomeye cyane
• Kubaga kugirango hakosorwe ibibazo by'imiterere

Ikipe yawe y'abaganga izakurikiza imikorere yawe neza kandi ihindure ubuvuzi uko bikwiye. Intego ni ukongera urugero rwa ogisijeni rukagaruka mu bisanzwe mu gihe havurwa indwara yateye ikibazo.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga kubera hypoxemia?

Ukwiriye kwihutira kwivuza niba ufite ingorane zikomeye zo guhumeka cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kugabanuka kwa ogisijeni. Ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bisaba ubufasha bwihutirwa, mu gihe ibindi bikwiriye gusura umuganga vuba.

Hamagara 911 cyangwa ujye mu cyumba cy'abarwayi vuba niba ubonye ibi bimenyetso byo kwitondera:

• Kugorana cyane guhumeka cyangwa guhagarika umutima
• Ibara ry'ubururu ku minwa yawe, inzara, cyangwa mu maso
• Urubavu rubabaza cyangwa umuvuduko
• Umutima utera cyane hamwe no kuribwa umutwe
• Kuvurungana cyangwa kugorana gukomeza kuba maso
• Kutabasha kuvuga interuro zuzuye kubera guhumeka nabi

Teganya gahunda yo kubonana na muganga vuba niba ubona ibimenyetso byoroheje bikubangamiye:

• Kugufiwa umwuka bikomeza mu gihe ukora ibikorwa bisanzwe
• Inkorora ihoraho hamwe no guhumeka bigoranye
• Umunaniro udasanzwe cyangwa intege nke
• Umutwe uhinda umushyitsi kenshi hamwe n'ibibazo byo guhumeka
• Ibyiyongera by'ibimenyetso by'indwara z'ibihaha zisanzweho

Ntugashidikanye gushaka ubuvuzi niba utazi neza ibimenyetso byawe. Buri gihe biruta ko muganga asuzuma ibibazo byawe byo guhumeka kuruta gutegereza no gushobora guteza ibibazo.

Ni iki gitera ibyago byo kurwara Hypoxemia?

Impamvu nyinshi zirashobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo kurwara hypoxemia. Zimwe mu mpamvu zishobora kugenzurwa, izindi zifitanye isano n'amateka yawe y'ubuzima cyangwa imiterere yawe.

Kumenya izi mpamvu bifasha wowe na muganga wawe gufata ingamba zo gukumira hypoxemia cyangwa kuyifata hakiri kare niba yagaragaye.

Indwara zongera ibyago birimo:

• Indwara z'ibihaha zihoraho nka COPD cyangwa asima
• Indwara z'umutima zigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'amaraso
• Kugira apnea yo gusinzira cyangwa izindi ndwara zo gusinzira
• Anemiya cyangwa indwara z'amaraso
• Kudahuza neza urukuta rw'igituza
• Indwara z'imitsi zigira ingaruka ku guhumeka

Impamvu z'imibereho zishobora gutera ibyago bya hypoxemia:

• Umunyinya cyangwa guhura n'umwotsi wa kabiri
• Gukora hamwe n'ibintu birakaza ibihaha cyangwa imiti
• Gutura ahantu harehare
• Imibereho idakora cyane ituma ubuzima bwo mu mutima butameze neza

Imyaka n'izindi mpamvu zifite uruhare:

• Kuba ufite imyaka irenga 65
• Kugira urugingo rw'umubiri rutagira ubudahangarwa bukomeye
• Kubagwa vuba aha, cyane cyane mu gituza cyangwa mu nda
• Amateka y'umuryango arimo indwara z'ibihaha cyangwa umutima

Niba ufite ibintu byinshi bigushyira mu kaga, korana na muganga wawe kugira ngo akurikirane ubuzima bw'ibihaha byawe kandi acunge neza indwara zose zishobora kuba zihari.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa na Hypoxemia?

Hypoxemia itavuwe ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye kuko ingingo zawe zikeneye umwuka uhagije kugira ngo zikore neza. Ubukana bw'ingaruka buterwa n'uko urwego rw'umwuka wawe rugabanuka kandi rukamara igihe kingana iki.

Ubwonko bwawe n'umutima wawe byihanganira gake urwego rwo hasi rw'umwuka. Ndetse n'igihe gito cyo kugabanuka cyane k'umwuka gishobora guteza ibyangiritse bihoraho kuri izi ngingo z'ingenzi.

Ingaruka zihutirwa ziterwa na hypoxemia ikomeye zirimo:

• Imiterere y'ubwonko yahindutse cyangwa urujijo
• Umutima utera mu buryo butari bwo (arrhythmias)
• Igabanuka ry'amaraso riri ku rwego rwo hasi cyane
• Gutakaza ubwenge
• Kunanirwa guhumeka bisaba guhumeka mu buryo bwa mashini

Ingaruka zirambye ziterwa na hypoxemia ihoraho zishobora kwigaragaza uko igihe kigenda gihita:

• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso mu bihaha (umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso mu miyoboro y'ibihaha)
• Kunanirwa kw'umutima w'iburyo bitewe no gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi ku mutima
• Kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo kumenya cyangwa ibibazo byo kwibuka
• Kongera ibyago byo kwandura indwara zandura
• Gukira nabi kw'ibikomere

Ingaruka zitavugwa kenshi ariko zikomeye zishobora kubaho hamwe na hypoxemia ikomeye, yamara igihe kirekire:

• Kunanirwa kw'ingingo zikora imirimo y'ingenzi zikora imirimo y'ingenzi, zirimo impyiko, umwijima, cyangwa ubwonko
• Umutsi w'ubwonko uterwa no kutagira umwuka uhagije mu bwonko
• Umutima uhagarara mu bihe bidasanzwe
• Ibyangiritse bihoraho byo mu bwonko

Inkuru nziza ni uko kuvura hypoxemia vuba bishobora gukumira ingaruka nyinshi. Gutangira hakiri kare bifasha kurengera ingingo zawe kandi bigateza imbere imikorere yawe muri rusange.

Hypoxemia ishobora kwitiranywa n'iki?

Ibyiyumvo bya hypoxemia bishobora gusa n'ibindi byinshi, rimwe na rimwe bikaba bituma gutahura birambuka. Guhumeka bigoranye no kunanirwa bifitanye isano n'urwego rwo hasi rwa oxygen bishobora gusa n'ibibazo byinshi bisanzwe by'ubuzima.

Iyi niyo mpamvu abaganga bakunda gukoresha pulse oximetry n'ibizamini by'amaraso kugirango bapime urwego rwa oxygen mu buryo butaziguye, aho kwishingikiriza gusa ku byiyumvo kugirango batange icyemezo.

Ubwoba n'indwara zo guhangayika akenshi bitera ibimenyetso byo guhumeka bisa:

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• Kugorwa no guhumeka cyangwa kumva ko udashobora guhumeka
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• Umutima wihuta no guhagarara mu gituza
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• Urugero cyangwa umutwe
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• Kumva ko hari ikintu kibi kigiye kuba
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Indwara z'umutima zishobora kandi kwerekana ibimenyetso bisubiranamo:

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• Kunanirwa k'umutima bitera guhumeka bigoranye
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• Ibimenyetso byo gufatwa n'umutima birimo kuribwa mu gituza no guhumeka bigoranye
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• Arrhythmias itera umutima utagenda neza no kunanirwa
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Izindi ndwara zishobora kwitiranywa na hypoxemia zirimo:

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• Kumisha amazi bitera urugero no gucika intege
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• Anemia itera kunanirwa n'uruhu rworoshye
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• Indwara za thyroid zigira ingaruka ku rwego rw'imbaraga
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• Indwara yo kunanirwa kw'igihe kirekire
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• Umunaniro utera umunaniro urambye
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Itandukaniro rikomeye ni uko hypoxemia izagaragaza urwego rwo hasi rwa oxygen kuri pulse oximetry cyangwa ibizamini bya gazi y'amaraso. Muganga wawe ashobora gukoresha ibi bipimo bigamije gutandukanya hypoxemia n'izindi ndwara zifite ibimenyetso bisa.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Hypoxemia

Q: Ushobora kugira hypoxemia utabizi?

Yego, hypoxemia yoroheje rimwe na rimwe ishobora kwigaragaza buhoro buhoro nta bimenyetso bigaragara, cyane cyane ku bantu bafite indwara z'umwijima. Ibi byitwa

Umubiri wawe ushobora kumenyera kugabanya buhoro buhoro urwego rwa ogisijeni, bigatuma ibimenyetso bihishwa kugeza igihe hypoxemia iba ikomeye cyane. Ibi bikunze kubaho cyane cyane mu ndwara nka COPD cyangwa pulmonary fibrosis.

Q: Hypoxemia ishobora guteza vuba gute?

Hypoxemia ishobora guteza vuba mu minota mike mugihe cy'ibibazo bikomeye nko kurwara asima cyangwa pulmonary embolism. Ishobora kandi guteza buhoro buhoro muminsi cyangwa mu byumweru hamwe n'indwara nka pneumonia cyangwa guhagarara k'umutima.

Uburyo bwo kwigaragaza akenshi butuma kumenya uburyo ibimenyetso byawe bizaba bikomeye. Hypoxemia yihuse akenshi itera ibimenyetso bigaragara kurusha uko bigenda buhoro.

Q: Hypoxemia buri gihe ni ikibazo gikomeye?

Ntabwo hypoxemia yose ihita itera akaga, ariko igomba guhora isuzumwa n'umuganga. Hypoxemia yoroheje iterwa n'indwara z'igihe gito nko kurwara umwuka byoroheje bishobora gukira hamwe n'imiti ikwiye.

Ariko, hypoxemia ikomeye cyangwa hypoxemia ikomeza irashobora guteza akaga kandi igasaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukumenya icyateye ikibazo no kukivura neza.

Q: Imyitozo ngororamubiri yafasha muri hypoxemia?

Imyitozo yoroheje ishobora gufasha kunoza imikorere y'amaraso n'imikorere y'ibihaha kubantu bamwe bafite indwara zidakira, ariko ibi bikwiye gukorwa gusa mugihe cy'ubuyobozi bw'abaganga. Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri mugihe cya hypoxemia ikomeye birashobora guteza akaga no gukomeza indwara yawe.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba urwego rukwiye rw'ibikorwa bishingiye ku ndwara yawe yihariye n'urwego rwa ogisijeni ruriho. Abantu bamwe bashobora kungukira muri gahunda zo kuvugurura ibihaha zirimo imyitozo ngororamubiri igenzurwa.

Q: Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya hypoxemia na hypoxia?

Hypoxemia yerekeza by'umwihariko ku rwego rwa ogisijeni ruto mumaraso yawe, mugihe hypoxia yerekeza ku rwego rwa ogisijeni ruto mu bice by'umubiri wawe. Hypoxemia akenshi itera hypoxia, ariko urashobora kugira hypoxia y'ibice by'umubiri nta hypoxemia y'amaraso mu bihe bimwe na bimwe.

Ibi byombi bisaba ubufasha bw'abaganga, ariko bipimwa kandi bigatabwaho mu buryo butandukanye. Muganga wawe azamenya ubwoko bw'ikibazo cyo kubura umwuka ufite hashingiwe ku bizami n'ibimenyetso.