Ibyerekeye Poroteyine mu Mvura: Ibimenyetso, Ibitera, & Ubuvuzi bwo mu Rugo

Poroteyine mu mvura, yitwa kandi proteinuria, bibaho iyo impyiko zawe zemerera poroteyine kuva mu mvura yawe aho kuyigumisha mu maraso yawe aho ikwiye kuba. Iyi ndwara irasanzwe cyane kandi ishobora kuva ku kintu cy'agateganyo, kitagira ingaruka kugeza ku kimenyetso gikeneye ubuvuzi. Kumva ibiri kuba mu mubiri wawe birashobora kugufasha kumva ufite icyizere cyinshi ku ntambwe zikurikira.

Mbese poroteyine mu mvura ni iki?

Poroteyine mu mvura ibaho iyo impyiko zawe zungurura poroteyine hamwe n'imyanda, aho kugumana poroteyine umubiri wawe ukeneye. Ubusanzwe, impyiko zawe zikora nk'urugero rwo gushungura ruzobereye, zigumisha poroteyine zingenzi mu maraso yawe mugihe zikuraho uburozi n'amazi arenze urugero.

Iyo iyi sisitemu yo gushungura idakora neza, poroteyine ntoya irashobora kunyura mu mvura yawe. Tekereza nk'urugero rwo gushungura ikawa rwavumbuye utwobo duto - ibice bimwe bya kawa birashobora kunyura nubwo bigomba kuguma inyuma.

Poroteyine ntoya mu mvura irashobora kuba ibisanzwe rwose, cyane cyane nyuma yo gukora imyitozo cyangwa mugihe urwaye. Ariko, poroteyine nyinshi cyangwa poroteyine ikomeza mugihe kirambye irashobora kugaragaza ko impyiko zawe zikeneye ubufasha bwiyongera.

Mbese poroteyine mu mvura yumva ite?

Abantu benshi bafite poroteyine mu mvura ntibumva ibimenyetso na gato, cyane cyane mu ntangiriro. Ibi nibyo bituma iyi ndwara ikunze kuvumburwa mugihe cyo kugenzura kwa muganga cyangwa mugihe cyo gupima inkari kubera izindi mpamvu.

Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragara, mubisanzwe bitera buhoro buhoro uko urwego rwa poroteyine ruzamuka. Ibi nibyo ushobora kubona niba urwego rwa poroteyine ruzamutse:

• Inkari ifuro cyangwa ifite ibibumbe bisa nk'isabune
• Ukubura mu maso yawe, amaboko, ibirenge, cyangwa amajigo
• Kumva urushye kurusha uko bisanzwe
• Impinduka z'uko ukunda kunyara
• Kugufiha
• Isesemi cyangwa kubura ubushake bwo kurya

Isura y'urugimbu ibaho kubera ko poroteyine ituma habaho udushyimbo mu nkari, kimwe n'uko amagi y'umweru agira urugimbu iyo avunzwe. Kubyimba bibaho kubera ko umubiri wawe utakaza poroteyine ukeneye kugira ngo ugumane urugero rw'amazi rukwiye.

Ni iki gitera poroteyine mu nkari?

Poroteyine mu nkari ishobora guterwa n'ibintu bitandukanye, kuva ku bintu by'igihe gito kugeza ku bibazo by'ubuzima bihoraho. Impyiko zawe zishobora kurekurana poroteyine iyo zikora cyane kurusha uko bisanzwe cyangwa iyo hari ikintu cyagize ingaruka ku bushobozi bwazo busanzwe bwo gutunganya.

Dore impamvu zisanzwe zitera poroteyine mu nkari:

• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso ushyira umuvuduko ukabije ku muyunguruzi w'impyiko
• Diyabete igira ingaruka ku dutsi duto tw'amaraso mu mpyiko
• Imyitozo ngororamubiri ikaze cyangwa umunaniro wo mu mutwe
• Urubanza cyangwa indwara bitera impinduka z'impyiko z'igihe gito
• Kutagira amazi ahagije bituma inkari ziba nyinshi
• Indwara z'inzira y'inkari zirakaza impyiko
• Amabuye yo mu mpyiko abuza inkari gusohoka uko bisanzwe
• Imiti imwe n'imwe igira ingaruka ku mikorere y'impyiko

Impamvu zitavugwa cyane ariko zikomeye zirimo indwara ziterwa n'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri, indwara z'impyiko zidakira, cyangwa kanseri zigira ingaruka ku mpyiko. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya icyiciro ibintu byawe bigwamo binyuze mu bindi bizami.

Poroteyine mu nkari ni ikimenyetso cyangwa ikimenyetso cy'iki?

Poroteyine mu nkari ishobora kugaragaza ibibazo bitandukanye byihishe, nubwo bitavuga mu buryo bwikora ko ufite ikibazo gikomeye cy'ubuzima. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukumva icyo umubiri wawe ushobora kuba ukubwira binyuze muri iyi mpinduka.

Muri rusange, poroteyine mu nkari yerekana ibi bibazo:

• Indwara y'impyiko yo mu ntangiriro cyangwa indwara y'impyiko idakira
• Nephropathy ya diyabete (impyiko zangiritse biturutse kuri diyabete)
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso ugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'impyiko
• Glomerulonephritis (uburwayi bw'impyiko)
• Indwara y'impyiko ya polycystic
• Preeclampsia mugihe cyo gutwita

Rimwe na rimwe poroteyine mu nkari igaragara hamwe n'izindi ndwara zishyira igitutu ku mpyiko zawe. Urugero, indwara y'umutima ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'amaraso mu mpyiko, mugihe indwara y'umwijima ishobora guhindura uburyo umubiri wawe ukoresha poroteyine.

Indwara zitavuka cyane zishobora gutera poroteyine mu nkari zirimo multiple myeloma, amyloidosis, na zimwe mu ndwara ziterwa n'imiryango. Ibi bintu mubisanzwe bikubiyemo ibindi bimenyetso kandi bisaba ibizamini byihariye kugirango bimenyekane.

Ese poroteyine mu nkari irashobora gushira yonyine?

Yego, poroteyine mu nkari irashobora kuzimira yonyine, cyane cyane iyo iterwa n'ibintu by'agateganyo nk'imyitozo ngororamubiri, umunaniro, cyangwa uburwayi bworoshye. Impyiko zawe zifite ubushobozi bwo koroherwa n'ibibazo by'igihe gito iyo zihaye ubufasha bukwiye.

Poroteyine y'agateganyo mu nkari akenshi ikemuka mu minsi mike kugeza ku byumweru nyuma yo gukuraho icyateye ikibazo. Urugero, niba kumagara byateye poroteyine, kunywa amazi ahagije mubisanzwe bigarura urwego rwayo mu buryo bwihuse.

Ariko, poroteyine mu nkari ikomeza mu byumweru byinshi cyangwa igakomeza kwiyongera mubisanzwe yerekana ikibazo gikomeje gikeneye ubuvuzi. Impyiko zawe zishobora gukenera ubufasha mu gukemura icyo aricyo cyose gitera poroteyine.

Uburyo bwiza ni ukongera gupima inkari zawe nyuma y'ibyumweru bike niba poroteyine yagaragaye. Ibi bifasha gutandukanya ibintu by'agateganyo n'indwara zisaba kuvurwa.

Ni gute poroteyine mu nkari ivurwa mu rugo?

Nubwo udashobora kuvura indwara y'impyiko mu rugo, uburyo bwinshi bwo kubaho bushobora gushyigikira ubuzima bw'impyiko zawe kandi bikagabanya urwego rwa poroteyine. Ubu buryo bukora neza iyo buhuriye n'ubuvuzi aho kubusimbuza.

Ubu ni uburyo bworoshye bwo gushyigikira impyiko zawe mu rugo:

• Kunywa amazi menshi umunsi wose kugira ngo ugire amazi ahagije mu mubiri
• Kugabanya umunyu mu byo urya kugira ngo worohereze imitsi yawe
• Kurya indyo yuzuye ifite poroteyine zihagije
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe ariko ukirinda gukora cyane
• Kugabanya umunabi ukoresheje uburyo bwo kuruhuka
• Kuryama bihagije kugira ngo umubiri wawe ukire
• Kwanga imiti yo kurwanya ububabare itagurishwa ku isoko ishobora kwangiza imitsi

Impinduka z'imibereho zishobora gufasha mu kuvura indwara kandi zigafasha imitsi yawe gukora neza. Ariko, zikora neza nk'igice cy'umugambi wuzuye wakozwe hamwe n'umuganga wawe.

Ni iyihe miti ivura poroteyine mu nkari?

Ubuvuzi bwa poroteyine mu nkari bushingiye ku gukemura icyateye ikibazo no kurengera imitsi yawe kugira ngo itangirika. Muganga wawe azahindura ubuvuzi ashingiye ku cyateye poroteyine gushoka n'ingano ya poroteyine ihari.

Ubuvuzi busanzwe burimo:

• Ibiyobyabwenge bya ACE cyangwa ARB kugira ngo bigabanye umuvuduko ku muyoboro w'imitsi
• Imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso kugira ngo irengere imikorere y'imitsi
• Imiti ya diyabete kugira ngo igenzure urugero rw'isukari mu maraso
• Imiti ituma umubiri usohora amazi kugira ngo igabanye amazi menshi no kubyimba
• Imiti igabanya urugero rwa kolesteroli kugira ngo irengere imitsi y'amaraso
• Imiti ikumira ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri ku ndwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri

Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara yawe bushobora kandi gukubiyemo gukurikiranwa buri gihe binyuze mu bipimo by'amaraso n'ibipimo by'inkari kugira ngo ukurikirane uko imitsi yawe ikora neza. Ibi bifasha muganga wawe guhindura imiti no gufata impinduka zose hakiri kare.

Ku ndwara zidakunze kubaho nka myeliome nyinshi cyangwa amiloyidosisi, ubuvuzi burushaho kuba ubwihariye kandi bushobora gukubiyemo abaganga b'indwara z'umubiri cyangwa abandi bahanga bakorana n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi bw'ibanze.

Nkwiriye kubona muganga ryari kubera poroteyine mu nkari?

Ugomba kubona umuganga niba poroteyine igaragara mu nkari zawe mugihe cyo gupimwa buri gihe, nubwo wumva umeze neza rwose. Kumenya no kuvura kare bishobora gufasha kwirinda ibibazo by'impyiko birushaho kuba bibi.

Teganya gahunda yihutirwa niba ubonye ibi bimenyetso:

• Inkari zifite urugimbu cyangwa zifite ibizungu bihoraho
• Ukubura mumaso, mumaboko, mumaguru, cyangwa mumano
• Umunaniro cyangwa intege nke bitasobanutse
• Impinduka mumikorere y'inkari
• Umutsima mwinshi w'amaraso
• Amateka yumuryango yindwara yimpyiko

Shaka ubufasha bwihuse bw'ubuvuzi niba ubonye kubura gukabije, guhumeka bigoranye, cyangwa impinduka zikomeye mumikorere y'inkari. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kwerekana uburwayi bukomeye busaba kuvurwa byihutirwa.

Niyo ibimenyetso byawe bisa nkiboroheje, birakwiye ko poroteyine iri mu nkari isuzumwa. Muganga wawe ashobora kumenya niba ari ikintu cyigihe gito cyangwa ikintu gikeneye gukurikiranwa no kuvurwa.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo guteza poroteyine mu nkari?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo guteza poroteyine mu nkari, nubwo kugira ibintu byongera ibyago ntibishingiye ko uzateza uburwayi. Kumva ibi bintu bishobora gufasha wowe na muganga wawe kuguma maso kubimenyetso byambere.

Ibintu bisanzwe byongera ibyago birimo:

• Diyabete, cyane cyane niba isukari yo mumaraso itagenzurwa neza
• Umutsima mwinshi w'amaraso utavuwe cyangwa utagenzurwa neza
• Amateka yumuryango yindwara yimpyiko
• Imyaka irenze 65
• Abanyafurika, Abahisipaniya, cyangwa Abanyamerika kavukire
• Indwara y'umutima cyangwa ibibazo by'imitsi y'amaraso
• Ubunini bw'umubiri bushyira umuvuduko mwinshi ku mpyiko
• Gusama, cyane cyane hamwe n'ibyago bya preeclampsia

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe by'imibereho nabyo bishobora kongera ibyago, harimo kunywa itabi, gukoresha inzoga nyinshi, no gufata imiti imwe nimwe buri gihe. Abantu bamwe bavukana ibibazo bya genetike bituma ibibazo byimpyiko bishoboka.

Kugira ibintu byinshi byongera ibyago ntibisobanura ko rwose uzagira poroteyine mu nkari, ariko bisobanura ko gukurikiranwa buri gihe birushaho kuba ingenzi mu kurengera ubuzima bw'impyiko zawe.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa na poroteyine mu nkari?

Iyo poroteyine mu nkari itavuwe, bishobora gutera ingaruka zitandukanye zigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe muri rusange n'imibereho yawe. Inkuru nziza ni uko kuvura hakiri kare bishobora gukumira ibibazo byinshi muri ibi bitaratera.

Ingaruka zishobora kubaho zirimo:

• Indwara y'impyiko ihoraho ikomeza kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda
• Kubika amazi bitera kubyimba bidashimishije
• Kiyongera cy'ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima na situroke
• Ibibazo by'amagufa biturutse ku kutaringanira kw'imyunyungugu
• Anemiya iturutse ku kugabanuka kw'imikorere y'imisemburo y'impyiko
• Umubyigano w'amaraso ukomeye kugenzura
• Kunanirwa rwose kw'impyiko bisaba diyarese cyangwa kwimurwa kw'impyiko

Izi ngaruka zigaragara buhoro buhoro mu gihe cy'amezi cyangwa imyaka, ni yo mpamvu gukurikiranwa buri gihe no kuvurwa hakiri kare ari ibintu by'ingenzi cyane. Abantu benshi bakira ubuvuzi bukwiye bashobora gukumira ingaruka zikomeye.

Urufunguzo ni ugukorana n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi kugira ngo ukemure icyateye ikibazo mu gihe urengera impyiko zawe ngo zitangirika kurushaho. Hamwe n'imicungire ikwiye, abantu benshi bafite poroteyine mu nkari babaho ubuzima busanzwe, bwiza.

Ni iki poroteyine mu nkari ishobora kwitiranywa na?

Rimwe na rimwe poroteyine mu nkari ishobora kwitiranywa n'izindi ndwara zitera ibimenyetso bisa cyangwa impinduka mu nkari. Kumva itandukaniro riri hagati yabyo birashobora kugufasha kuvugana neza n'umuganga wawe.

Indwara zishobora gusa nkaho zisa zirimo:

• Ubukana bw'inzira y'inkari butera inkari zifite umwanda
• Amabuye yo mu mpyisi ateza amaraso cyangwa ibikristale mu nkari
• Ubwuma butuma inkari ziba nyinshi
• Ibyuka byo mu gitsina byivanga n'inkari ku bagore
• Ibifungurwa bimwe na imiti bimwe bihindura isura y'inkari
• Ukwangirika kw'imitsi biturutse ku myitozo ikaze

Rimwe na rimwe ibisa n'inkari zifite urubura biturutse kuri poroteyine, ni agahumeka kavuye mu kwihagarika cyangwa mu mazi y'isabune yo mu bwiherero. Urubura rwa poroteyine nyakuri rukunda kuramba kandi rukagaragara kenshi.

Ibizamini byo mu laboratori ni bwo buryo bwizewe bwo gutandukanya poroteyine mu nkari n'izindi ndwara. Ikizamini cyoroshye cy'inkari gishobora kugaragaza urugero rwa poroteyine rutagaragara n'amaso kandi rugakuraho izindi mpamvu zihindura inkari.

Ibikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye na poroteyine mu nkari

Q: Ese poroteyine nto mu nkari ni ibisanzwe?

Yego, poroteyine nto mu nkari irashobora kuba ibisanzwe rwose, cyane cyane nyuma y'imyitozo, mu gihe cy'uburwayi, cyangwa igihe ufite ubwuma. Impyisi zawe zisanzwe zemerera poroteyine nto guca. Ariko, niba urugero rwa poroteyine ruzamutse cyangwa rugenda ruzamuka, birakwiye ko ubisuzuma neza n'umuganga wawe.

Q: Ese kunywa amazi menshi birashobora kugabanya poroteyine mu nkari?

Kunywa amazi ahagije birashobora gufasha niba ubwuma buri gukonjesha inkari zawe kandi bigatuma urugero rwa poroteyine rugaragara rurenze uko rumeze. Ariko, niba ufite indwara y'impyisi cyangwa indi ndwara itera poroteyine, amazi ahagije wenyine ntazakemura ikibazo. Ariko biracyagirira akamaro ubuzima bw'impyisi muri rusange.

Q: Ese poroteyine mu nkari buri gihe bisobanura indwara y'impyisi?

Oya, poroteyine mu nkari ntibisobanura buri gihe indwara y'impyisi. Ibihe byinshi by'agateganyo nk'umuriro, imyitozo ikaze, umunaniro wo mu mutwe, cyangwa ubukana bw'inzira y'inkari birashobora gutera poroteyine kugaragara mu nkari. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni niba poroteyine ikomeza mu gihe cyose kandi urugero rwa poroteyine ruhari.

Ibibazo: Ese poroteyine mu nkari zishobora gukira?

Akenshi poroteyine mu nkari zirashobora kugabanuka cyangwa zikavaho burundu, cyane cyane iyo byamenyekanye hakiri kare kandi icyateye ikibazo kivurwa. Urugero, kugenzura isukari mu maraso neza ku barwayi ba diyabete cyangwa gukoresha imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso bishobora kugabanya cyane urugero rwa poroteyine. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe kwangirika kw'impyiko bishobora kuba ihame, ni yo mpamvu kuvurwa hakiri kare ari ingenzi cyane.

Ibibazo: Ese ngomba kwirinda poroteyine mu byo ndya niba mfite poroteyine mu nkari?

Ntabwo bisaba kwirinda poroteyine mu byo kurya burundu, ariko muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba kugabanya urugero rwa poroteyine ufata bitewe n'imikorere y'impyiko zawe. Kurya poroteyine nyinshi bishobora kongera umuruho ku mpyiko zangiritse, naho kurya nkeya bishobora gutera imirire mibi. Umuganga w'imirire wemewe na leta ashobora kugufasha kubona urugero rukwiye rwo kurya poroteyine rukwiriye uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.