Ni iki cyitwa kuruka amaraso? Ibimenyetso, ibitera, & Ubuvuzi bwo mu rugo

Kuruka amaraso, mu by'ubuvuzi byitwa hematemesis, bisobanura ko uruka amaraso cyangwa uruka rurimo amaraso. Ibi bibaho iyo habayeho kuva amaraso ahantu runaka mu gice cyo hejuru cy'inzira yawe yo mu gifu, harimo umuhogo wawe, igifu, cyangwa igice cya mbere cy'urura ruto rwawe.

Amaraso ashobora kugaragara nk'umutuku cyane, umutuku wijimye, cyangwa se yirabura nk'ikawa bitewe n'aho ava n'igihe amaze mu gifu cyawe. Nubwo iki kimenyetso gishobora gutera ubwoba, gusobanukirwa ibiri kuba birashobora kugufasha gusubiza neza no gushaka ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Ni iki cyitwa kuruka amaraso?

Kuruka amaraso bibaho iyo habayeho kuva amaraso mu gice cyo hejuru cy'inzira yawe yo mu gifu bigaterana n'ibiri mu gifu bigasubira hejuru. Inzira yawe yo mu gifu isa n'urukiramende rurerure, kandi iyo igice icyo aricyo cyose kuva mu muhogo wawe kugeza mu rura ruto rwawe rwo hejuru kiva amaraso, ayo maraso ashobora kurangiriza mu ruka rwawe.

Ijambo ry'ubuvuzi hematemesis ryerekeza by'umwihariko ku kuruka amaraso, bitandukanye no gucira amaraso ava mu bihaha byawe cyangwa mu muhogo. Amaraso aba yarabaye mu gifu cyawe, akenshi avanze n'aside yo mu gifu n'ibiryo byatangiye gushonga.

Iki kimenyetso gihora kigaragaza ko hari icyo gikeneye ubuvuzi, nubwo ubukana bwacyo buterwa n'umubare w'amaraso n'ibindi bimenyetso ufite. N'ubwo amaraso make mu ruka atagomba kwirengagizwa, kuko ashobora kwerekana ibibazo byungukira ku kuvurwa hakiri kare.

Kumva kuruka amaraso bimeze bite?

Iyo uruka amaraso, ushobora kubanza kubona uburyohe budasanzwe mu kanwa kawe, akenshi busobanurwa nk'icyuma cyangwa kibabaje. Ubu buryohe bushobora kugaragara mbere yo kubona amaraso, kuko n'utuntu duto duto dushobora guteza ubu buryohe budasanzwe.

Umutsima ubwawo ushobora kugaragara mu buryo butandukanye bitewe n'ingano y'amaraso arimo n'aho ava. Amaraso mashya akunda kugaragara nk'imirongo itukura cyane cyangwa ibibumbe bivanzemo umutsima usanzwe. Niba amaraso amaze igihe mu gifu cyawe, ashobora kugaragara yijimye cyangwa yirabura, asa n'ibishishwa bya kawa.

Ushobora kandi kumva uruka mbere yo kuruka, bisa n'uburwayi busanzwe ariko rimwe na rimwe hamwe n'akababaro kiyongera mu gice cyo hejuru cy'inda yawe. Abantu bamwe basobanura kumva bashirira cyangwa bababara mu gice cy'inda yabo, cyane cyane niba kuva amaraso bifitanye isano no kuribwa kw'igifu.

Hamwe n'amaraso, ushobora guhura n'ibindi bimenyetso nk'isazi, intege nke, cyangwa kumva urushye, cyane cyane niba utakaza amaraso menshi. Umutima wawe ushobora kumva usa n'uwihuta cyane uko umubiri wawe ugerageza kwishyura igihombo cy'amaraso.

Ibiteza kuruka amaraso?

Kuruka amaraso bishobora guterwa n'indwara zitandukanye zifata igice cyo hejuru cy'inzira yawe yo mu gifu. Kumva izi mpamvu bishobora kugufasha kumenya uko bimeze no kuvugana neza n'umuganga wawe.

Dore impamvu zisanzwe abaganga bakunda kubona:

• Ibizimba byo mu gifu (peptic ulcers) - Ibibazo bifunguye mu rukuta rw'igifu rwawe bishobora kuva amaraso, akenshi biterwa na mikorobe yitwa H. pylori cyangwa gukoresha imiti irwanya ububabare nk'ibuprofen igihe kirekire
• Esophageal varices - Imitsi yagutse mu muhogo wawe ishobora guturika igava amaraso, akenshi bigaragara ku bantu bafite indwara y'umwijima
• Acid reflux ikabije (GERD) - Asidi yo mu gifu ihoraho isubira mu muhogo wawe ishobora gutera umuvumo no kuva amaraso
• Mallory-Weiss tear - Uruharu mu muhogo wawe ruturutse ku kuruka cyane, bishobora kubaho nyuma yo kunywa inzoga nyinshi cyangwa kuruka cyane
• Gastritis - Umuvumo w'urukuta rw'igifu ryawe rushobora gutera kuva amaraso, akenshi biterwa na alukolo, imiti imwe n'imwe, cyangwa umunaniro

Impamvu zitavugwa cyane ariko zikomeye zirimo kanseri y'umuhogo cyangwa igifu, indwara zo gupfuka amaraso, n'ibitagenda neza by'imitsi y'amaraso. Muganga wawe azatekereza ku mateka yawe y'ubuvuzi, ibimenyetso, n'ibintu byongera ibyago kugirango amenye impamvu ishoboka cyane mu miterere yawe.

Kuki kuruka amaraso ari ikimenyetso cyangwa ikimenyetso?

Kuruka amaraso birashobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara nyinshi zishingiye, kuva ku bibazo byoroshye kugeza ku bibazo by'ubuzima bikomeye. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukumenya ko iki kimenyetso gihora kerekana kuva amaraso ahantu hose mu gice cyo hejuru cy'igifu cyawe.

Akano, kuruka amaraso kenshi bigaragaza ibibazo byo mu gifu cyawe cyangwa umuhogo. Ibisebe byo mu gifu biri mu mpamvu zikunze kubaho, cyane cyane niba umaze igihe ukoresha imiti irwanya umuvumo cyangwa ufite amateka y'indwara ya H. pylori. Ibi bisebe bishobora gukura buhoro buhoro kandi bishobora gutera kuva amaraso kenshi.

Niba urwaye umwijima, kuruka amaraso bishobora kwerekana imitsi yo mu muhogo yagutse yitwa varices. Iyi mitsi y'amaraso yabyimbye ishobora guturika igihe ihuye n'umuvuduko mwinshi, bigatuma amaraso menshi ava. Ibi nibyo bituma abantu bafite ibibazo by'umwijima bakeneye gukurikiranwa buri gihe kandi bakagomba kwihutira kwivuza niba baruka amaraso.

Rimwe na rimwe kuruka amaraso bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cyo kwihanangiriza hakiri kare ibibazo bikomeye nka kanseri yo mu gifu cyangwa mu muhogo, nubwo ibi bidakunze kubaho. Ibi bibazo mubisanzwe bikura buhoro kandi bishobora kugira ibindi bimenyetso nko gutakaza ibiro bitasobanutse, kubabara mu nda ku buryo buhoraho, cyangwa kugorwa no kumira.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, kuruka amaraso bishobora kwerekana ibibazo byo gupfuka kw'amaraso cyangwa indwara zarazwe zigira ingaruka ku miyoboro y'amaraso yawe. Muganga wawe azasuzuma amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi yuzuye kugirango amenye icyateye icyo kibazo.

Ese kuruka amaraso birashobora gukira byonyine?

Kuruka amaraso ntigomba na rimwe kwirengagizwa cyangwa gusigwa ngo bikemuke byonyine. Nubwo kuva amaraso bishobora guhagarara by'agateganyo, icyateye mubisanzwe bisaba isuzuma ry'ubuvuzi n'imiti kugirango birinde ko byongera kubaho cyangwa bikarushaho kuba bibi.

N'iyo waruka amaraso rimwe gusa ukumva umeze neza nyuma yaho, inkomoko yo kuva amaraso iracyahari kandi ikeneye kwitabwaho. Amaraso make ashobora kwerekana intambwe za mbere z'indwara zoroheje kuvura igihe zamenyekanye hakiri kare, kuruta gutegereza kugeza zikomeye.

Zimwe mu mpamvu ntoya, nk'amarira mato ava ku kuruka cyane, ashobora gukira mu gihe. Ariko, ntushobora kumenya icyateye cyangwa ubukana butabayeho isuzuma ry'ubuvuzi rikwiye. Ibyasa nk'aho ari igihe gito bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya mbere cy'indwara ikeneye kuvurwa ako kanya.

Uburyo bwiza ni ukwihutira kwivuza igihe cyose uruka amaraso, hatita ku bwinshi bwayo cyangwa uko wumva umeze nyuma. Umuganga wawe ashobora kumenya niba icyo kibazo gikeneye ubufasha bwihuse cyangwa gishobora gukemurwa no gukurikiranwa no kuvurwa.

Ni gute kuruka amaraso bivurwa mu rugo?

Kuruka amaraso bisaba isuzuma ry’ubuvuzi ry’umwuga kandi ntibishobora kuvurwa neza mu rugo. Ariko, hari intambwe z'ingenzi ushobora gufata mugihe ushakisha ubuvuzi kugirango wifashe kandi utange amakuru yingirakamaro kubaganga.

Mbere na mbere, gerageza gutuza kandi wirinde kurya cyangwa kunywa ikintu icyo aricyo cyose kugeza usuzumwe n'umuganga. Igifu cyawe kigomba kuruhuka, kandi kurya ibiryo cyangwa ibinyobwa bishobora gutuma amaraso yiyongera cyangwa bikabangamira uburyo bwo kuvura bushoboka.

Niba bishoboka, gerageza gupima no kwibuka amakuru yerekeye amaraso warutse. Menya ibara ryayo, umubare ugereranije, niba yagaragaye nk'imitsi, ibibumbe, cyangwa byavanzwe muri byose warutse. Aya makuru afasha abaganga gusobanukirwa inkomoko y’amaraso n’uburemere bwayo.

Mugihe utegereje ubuvuzi, icara wicaye cyangwa wunamuke gato imbere kugirango wirinde guhagarara niba wongera kuruka. Irinde kuryama ugaramye, kuko ibi bishobora kuba byateza akaga niba wongera kuruka.

Ntukagire imiti iyo ariyo yose, cyane cyane imiti irwanya ububyimbirwe nka ibuprofen cyangwa aspirine, kuko ibi bishobora gutuma amaraso yiyongera. Nanone irinda inzoga, kuko ishobora kurakaza sisitemu yawe yo mu gifu kandi ikongera ibyago byo kuva amaraso.

Ni ubuvuzi ki bw’ubuvuzi bwo kuruka amaraso?

Ubuvuzi bw’ubuvuzi bwo kuruka amaraso buterwa n’icyateye amaraso n’uburemere bwo kuva amaraso. Itsinda ryawe ry’ubuzima rizabanza kwibanda ku guhagarika kuva amaraso icyo aricyo cyose gikora no gufata umwanya wawe mbere yo gukemura icyateye ikibazo.

Mu ntangiriro, abaganga bashobora gukora endoscopy yo hejuru, aho umuyoboro woroshye, woroshye ufite kamera ushyirwa buhoro mu kanwa kawe kugira ngo basuzume umuhogo wawe, igifu, n'urugingo rw'amara rwo hejuru. Iyi nzira ibafasha kumenya neza aho amaraso ava kandi akenshi bakayavura muri icyo gihe.

Ku gisebe cy'amaraso, abaganga bashobora gutera imiti mu gisebe, gukoresha ubushyuhe, cyangwa gushyiraho utuntu duto two guhagarika amaraso. Bazatanga kandi imiti igabanya umusaruro w'aside yo mu gifu, bituma igisebe gikira neza. Niba bagiteri ya H. pylori ihari, uzahabwa imiti yica mikorobe kugira ngo ivaneho iyo ndwara.

Niba imitsi yo mu muhogo yagutse itera amaraso, abaganga bashobora gukoresha imitsi ya roba, aho imitsi mito ishyirwa ku mitsi yagutse kugira ngo bahagarike amaraso. Rimwe na rimwe imiti itangwa kugira ngo igabanye umuvuduko mu mitsi y'amaraso.

Ku maraso menshi, ushobora gukenera guterwa amaraso kugira ngo asimbure amaraso yatakaye n'amazi anyuzwa mu mitsi kugira ngo ugumane umuvuduko w'amaraso. Mu bihe bidasanzwe aho amaraso adashobora kugenzurwa n'imiti ya endoscopic, kubagwa bishobora kuba ngombwa kugira ngo bakore amaraso ava.

Kuki nkwiriye kubona umuganga niba nava amaraso?

Ugomba kwihutira kwivuza igihe cyose uvuye amaraso, hatitawe ku bwinshi cyangwa uko wumva umeze. Iki kimenyetso gihora gikeneye isuzuma ry'umwuga, kuko n'utuntu duto tw'amaraso dushobora kugaragaza indwara zikomeye ziri inyuma.

Hamagara serivisi zihutirwa cyangwa ujye mu cyumba cy'abarwayi byihuse niba ubonye ibi bimenyetso byo kwihanangiriza hamwe no kuvoma amaraso:

• Amaraso menshi y'umutuku cyane cyangwa ibintu byijimye, bisa n'ibishingwe by'ikawa
• Kuribwa umutwe, kumva ureremba, cyangwa kumva uguye
• Umutima utera cyane cyangwa kumva umutima wawe ukubita cyane
• Uburibwe bukomeye mu nda cyangwa guhinda umushyitsi
• Kugorwa no guhumeka cyangwa guhumeka bigufi
• Kuvurungana cyangwa kumva udasanzwe ufite intege nke
• Uruhu rusa nk'urwerurutse cyangwa kumva gikonje kandi gifite ubushuhe

Ibi bimenyetso bigaragaza gutakaza amaraso menshi cyangwa ibibazo bikomeye byo kuva amaraso bisaba ubufasha bwihuse. Ntukegere urebe niba ibimenyetso bigenda neza, kuko gutinda kuvurwa bishobora gutera ingorane zikomeye.

N'iyo waruka amaraso make gusa ukumva umeze neza, hamagara muganga wawe uwo munsi cyangwa usure ikigo cyita ku buzima bwihutirwa. Kugenzura no kuvura hakiri kare inkomoko y'amaraso akenshi birinda ibibazo bikomeye.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kuruka amaraso?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara zitera kuruka amaraso. Kumva ibi bintu byongera ibyago bifasha kumenya igihe ushobora kurwara cyane kandi igihe ugomba gushaka ubufasha bwo kwirinda.

Gukoresha imiti imwe na rimwe buri gihe byongera cyane ibyago byawe, cyane cyane imiti itavura ibicurane (NSAIDs) nka ibuprofen, naproxen, na aspirine. Iyi miti ishobora kurakaza urukuta rw'igifu cyawe kandi ikongera ibyago byo kuva amaraso, cyane cyane iyo ikoreshwa kenshi cyangwa mu doze nyinshi.

Ibintu by'imibereho nabyo bigira uruhare runini mu rwego rw'ibyago byawe:

• Gukoresha inzoga nyinshi, bishobora gutera umubyimbire mu gifu no kwangirika kw'umwijima
• Umunyinya, wangiza gukira kandi ukongera ibyago byo kurwara ibisebe
• Umutwaro mwinshi w'umutima, ushobora kongera umusaruro w'aside mu gifu
• Uburyo bwo kurya butajegajega cyangwa gusiba ifunguro kenshi
• Kurya ibiryo biryoshye cyane cyangwa bifite aside buri gihe

Indwara zongera ibyago birimo indwara z'umwijima, indwara zo gupfuka kw'amaraso, n'amateka y'ubwandu bwa H. pylori. Niba ufite indwara ya kronike y'impyiko cyangwa ufata imiti ituma amaraso ataguma, nawe uri mu kaga ko kuvirirana.

Imyaka irashobora kuba impamvu kandi, kuko abantu bakuze bashobora kurwara indwara nka ibisebe kandi bashobora kuba bafata imiti yongera ibyago byo kuvirirana. Kugira amateka y'umuryango w'ibibazo byo mu gifu cyangwa kanseri zo mu nzira yo mu gifu na byo bishobora kongera ibyago byawe.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa no kuruka amaraso?

Kuruka amaraso bishobora gutera ingaruka nyinshi zikomeye niba bitavurwa vuba kandi neza. Ikintu cyihutirwa cyane ni ukubura amaraso menshi, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'umubiri wawe bwo gutanga umwuka wa oxygène ku ngingo z'ingenzi.

Kuvirirana bikomeye bishobora gutera anemia, aho umubiri wawe utagira insoro zitukura zihagije zo gutwara oxygène ihagije. Ibi bishobora gutuma wumva unaniwe cyane, ufite intege nke, kandi ufite umwuka muke. Mu bihe bikomeye, kubura amaraso menshi bishobora gutera shock, ikintu giteye ubuzima bw'akaga aho umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe umanuka cyane.

Indwara ziri inyuma ziteza kuvirirana na zo zishobora gutera ingaruka niba zitavurwa. Ibisembe byo mu gifu, urugero, bishobora gutoboka cyangwa gukora imyobo mu rukuta rw'igifu cyawe, bigatuma habaho indwara zikomeye mu nda yawe. Iyi ngaruka isaba kubagwa byihutirwa kandi ishobora guteza ubuzima bw'akaga.

Ibihe byinshi byo kuruka amaraso bishobora gutera ibibazo byinshi:

• Pneumonia yo kwifata niba amaraso yinjira mu bihaha byawe
• Amarira yo mu muhogo ava mu kuruka cyane
• Imiterere mibi ya electrolyte ava mu kuruka kenshi
• Kuzamuka kwa amazi ava mu kubura amazi
• Kutagira intungamubiri niba kurya bigoranye

Mu bice bike, niba isoko y'amaraso itagaragajwe kandi ntivurwe, birashobora gukura bikagera ku bibazo bikomeye cyangwa bigasaba kubagwa byihutirwa. Ibi nibyo bituma isuzuma ry'ubuvuzi ryo hambere n'imiti ari by'ingenzi cyane mu gukumira ingorane.

Icyo kuruka amaraso bishobora kwitiranywa nacyo?

Kuruka amaraso rimwe na rimwe bishobora kwitiranywa n'ibindi bibazo, nubwo kuboneka kw'amaraso mu biruka munda mubisanzwe biranga cyane. Kwitiranya kenshi bibaho mugihe cyo kugerageza kumenya niba amaraso ava mu myanya yawe yo mu gifu cyangwa mu myanya yawe yo mu guhumeka.

Gukorora amaraso ava mu bihaha byawe cyangwa mu muhogo rimwe na rimwe bishobora kwitiranywa no kuruka amaraso, cyane cyane niba umira amaraso make hanyuma ukaruka. Ariko, amaraso ava mu bihaha byawe mubisanzwe aba atukura cyane kandi afite urugimbi, mugihe amaraso ava mu myanya yawe yo mu gifu akenshi aba yijimye kandi avanze n'ibiri mu gifu.

Rimwe na rimwe abantu bitiranya ibindi bintu n'amaraso mu biruka byabo. Ibiryo byijimye nk'ibiti by'amashyamba, divayi itukura, cyangwa isosi ya tungomwe birashobora guhindura ibara ry'ibiruka byawe ry'umutuku. Imiti imwe nimwe cyangwa ibyongerera imbaraga birimo icyuma birashobora kandi kwijimisha ibiruka, bikabigira nk'amaraso.

Kurohwa n'ibiryo cyangwa gastroenterite ikomeye bishobora gutera kuruka hamwe n'amaraso make kubera umujinya uva mu kuruka kenshi. Ariko, ibi biracyafatwa nk'ukuruka amaraso kandi bisaba isuzuma ry'ubuvuzi kugirango hakurweho ibitera ibibazo bikomeye.

Mu bice bimwe na bimwe, abantu bashobora gutekereza ko baruka amaraso mugihe mu byukuri bareba bile isanzwe yo mu gifu isa n'icyatsi-umuhondo. Ibi bishobora kubaho mugihe cyo kuruka cyane ariko ntibirimo amaraso nyayo.

Ibikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye no kuruka amaraso

Umubabaro ushobora gutera kuruka amaraso?

Umutwaro wo mu mutwe wenyine ntutera amaraso kuruka, ariko umutwaro wo mu mutwe urambye ushobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara zitera kuva amaraso. Umutwaro wo mu mutwe ushobora kongera umusaruro w'aside yo mu gifu no gukomeza ibibazo by'ibisebe cyangwa gastrite. Niba ufite umutwaro wo mu mutwe ukomeye kandi ukaruka amaraso, ugomba kwisuzumisha vuba na vuba kugira ngo umenye aho amaraso ava.

Ese ni ibisanzwe kuruka amaraso make nyuma yo kunywa inzoga?

Oya, kuruka amaraso nyuma yo kunywa inzoga ntibisanzwe na rimwe kandi bisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga. Inzoga irashobora kurakaza urukuta rw'igifu cyawe no gukomeza ibibazo bisanzweho nk'ibisebe. Kunywa inzoga nyinshi bishobora kandi gutera amarira akomeye mu muhogo wawe. Ndetse n'amaraso make agaragaza kwangirika kw'imyenda ikeneye isuzuma ry'inzobere.

Ni ayahe maraso menshi mu kuruka afatwa nk'ayateje akaga?

Amasi ayo ari yo yose mu kuruka agomba gufatwa nk'akazi kandi agasuzumwa n'umuganga. Nubwo amaraso menshi cyangwa atukura cyane agaragaza ibibazo byihutirwa, ndetse n'amaraso make ashobora kugaragaza ibibazo byungukira ku kuvurwa hakiri kare. Ikintu cy'ingenzi si ukutegereza ngo urebe niba birushaho kuba bibi, ahubwo ni ukugana abaganga hatitawe ku bwinshi bw'amaraso.

Ese kuruka amaraso bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'ingorane zo gutwita?

Nubwo isesemi ikabije no kuruka bisanzwe mu ntangiriro zo gutwita, kuruka amaraso si ikimenyetso gisanzwe cyo gutwita kandi bisaba isuzuma ryihuse ry'abaganga. Mu buryo butavugwa, kuruka gukabije kujyanye no gutwita gushobora gutera amarira make mu muhogo, ariko ibindi bibazo bikomeye bigomba gukurwaho. Buri gihe hamagara umuganga wawe ako kanya niba uruka amaraso mu gihe utwite.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nkuruka amaraso nkorera imiti ituma amaraso atiyongera?

Niba urimo gufata imiti igabanya amaraso maze ukaruka amaraso, genda kwa muganga byihutirwa. Imiti igabanya amaraso ishobora gutuma kuva amaraso kose bikomera kandi bigatinda guhagarara. Ntukareke gufata umuti wawe ugabanya amaraso wategetswe na muganga utabigizemo uruhushya, ariko wihutiswe kugenzurwa kugira ngo hamenyekane aho amaraso ava hanyuma uvurwe mu gihe uvura uburyo bwo kugabanya amaraso mu buryo bwizewe.