Ni iki guhumeka? Ibimenyetso, ibitera, & Ubuvuzi bwo mu rugo

Guhumeka ni ijwi ryo hejuru ryumvikana iyo umwuka unyuze mu nzira zo guhumeka zifunze mu bihaha byawe. Urashobora kuryumva iyo uhumeka, uhumeka, cyangwa byombi. Iri jwi ribaho kuko hari ikintu kibuza cyangwa kigafunga inzira zawe zo guhumeka, bigatuma umwuka utagenda neza mu myanya yawe yo guhumeka.

Ni iki guhumeka?

Guhumeka ni uburyo umubiri wawe ukubwira ko inzira zawe zo guhumeka zafunze kurusha uko bisanzwe. Tekereza nk'uko ugerageza guhuha umwuka unyuze mu rurimi rwa rukururuka rwasamye - umwuka ugomba gukora cyane kugirango unyuremo, ukora iryo jwi ryo guhumeka.

Iri jwi ryo guhumeka rishobora kubera mu muhogo wawe, agasanduku kawe, cyangwa imbere mu bihaha byawe. Aho riherereye n'igihe ribera bishobora guha abaganga ibimenyetso byingenzi byerekana icyo kibitera. Rimwe na rimwe urashobora kumva guhumeka udafite stethoscope, mugihe ibindi byumvikana gusa mugihe cyo gupima kwa muganga.

Guhumeka kumera gute?

Abantu benshi basobanura guhumeka nk'ijwi rya muzika cyangwa ryo guhumeka riva mu gituza cyabo. Urashobora kubona ko yumvikana cyane iyo uhumeka, nubwo bishobora kubaho no guhumeka. Ijwi akenshi rimera nkaho riva imbere mu gituza cyawe.

Hamwe n'ijwi, urashobora guhura numutima ufunga mu gituza cyawe, nkaho hari umuntu ukunyeganyeza buhoro. Abantu benshi kandi babona ko bagomba gukora gato kugirango bahumeke, cyane cyane mugihe bagerageza gusohora umwuka mu bihaha byabo. Bamwe basobanura kumva nkaho batabona umwuka uhagije, nubwo bahumeka.

Ijwi ryo guhumeka rishobora gutandukana kuva kumvikana gake kugeza kumvikana cyane. Rimwe na rimwe bibaho gusa mugihe cyo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, mugihe ibindi bibaho nubwo uruhutse utuje.

Ibiteza guhumeka?

Umuvumo ubaho iyo hari ikintu gifunga inzira z'umwuka wawe, kandi hariho impamvu nyinshi zishobora kubaho. Impamvu isanzwe ni ukubyimba bituma inkuta z'inzira z'umwuka wawe zibyimba, bigabanya umwanya wo gutemberamo umwuka.

Dore impamvu nyamukuru inzira z'umwuka wawe zishobora gufungana, dutangiriye ku zikunze kubaho:

• Asima - inzira z'umwuka wawe zirabyimba kandi zigafungana bitewe n'ibitera
• Indwara z'ubuhumekero nka bronshite cyangwa umusonga
• Uko umubiri wifatanya n'ibintu bitandukanye nka pollen, umukungugu, cyangwa ubwoya bw'amatungo
• Indwara y'ubuhumekero ifata igihe kirekire (COPD)
• Uruzi rw'igikororwa ruziba inzira z'umwuka wawe
• Umunyonga cyangwa guhumeka imyuka itera ubwoba
• Indwara ya gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) - aside yo mu gifu isubira mu muhogo wawe

Mu buryo butavugwa cyane, umuvumo ushobora guterwa n'ikintu cy'amahanga cyazibye inzira z'umwuka wawe, imiti imwe, cyangwa ibibazo by'umutima bitera amazi kwiyongera mu muhogo wawe.

Umuvumo ni ikimenyetso cyangwa ikimenyetso cy'iki?

Umuvumo akenshi werekana ibibazo bifata sisitemu yawe y'ubuhumekero. Ikintu gikunze kubitera ni asima, aho inzira z'umwuka wawe zihinduka zikagira ubwenge kandi zigahura cyane n'ibitera bimwe na bimwe binyuma yo kubyimba no gukora igikororwa cyinshi.

Dore ibibazo bikunze gutera umuvumo:

• Asima - ifata abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 25 muri Amerika kandi itera ibihe by'umuvumo bigaruka
• Bronshite ikaze - kubyimba kw'agateganyo kw'imiyoboro yawe ya bronshiye, akenshi biva muri grip cyangwa ibicurane
• Indwara y'ubuhumekero ifata igihe kirekire (COPD) - kwangirika kw'umuhogo igihe kirekire, akenshi biva ku munyonga
• Umusonga - indwara itera kubyimba imifuka y'umwuka mu muhogo wawe
• Uko umubiri wifatanya n'ibintu bitandukanye - sisitemu yawe y'umubiri yirengagiza ibintu bitagira akamaro
• Virusi ya respiratory syncytial (RSV) - ikunze kubaho cyane mu bana bato

Indwara zimwe zitamenyerewe ariko zikomeye zishobora gutera guhumeka nabi. Muri zo harimo indwara yo kunanirwa k'umutima, aho umutima wawe udashobora gusukaho amaraso neza, bigatuma amazi yiyongera mu muhaha wawe. Uburwayi bwo gufatwa n'amaraso mu muhaha, ari rwo tuvuga igipupe cy'amaraso mu muhaha wawe, nacyo gishobora gutera guhumeka nabi mu buryo butunguranye hamwe n'ububabare mu gituza no guhumeka bigoranye.

Gahoro cyane, guhumeka nabi bishobora kwerekana igituntu cyangwa ikintu gikura kibangamiye inzira yawe y'umwuka, cyangwa indwara yitwa imikorere mibi y'imitsi y'ijwi aho imitsi yawe y'ijwi idafunguka neza iyo uhumeka.

Ese guhumeka nabi birashobora gukira byonyine?

Rimwe na rimwe guhumeka nabi birashobora gukira byonyine, cyane cyane niba biterwa no kurakara kw'agateganyo cyangwa indwara yoroheje yo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero. Niba warahuye n'umwotsi, imibavu ikaze, cyangwa umuyaga ukonje, guhumeka nabi bishobora kugabanuka umaze kuva aho byakomotse kandi inzira zawe z'umwuka zifite umwanya wo gutuza.

Ku byerekeye ibibazo byoroheje bifitanye isano n'ibicurane cyangwa indwara yo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero yo hejuru, guhumeka nabi akenshi birakosoka uko umubiri wawe urwanya indwara kandi kubyimba kugabanuka. Ibi mubisanzwe bifata iminsi mike kugeza ku cyumweru.

Ariko, guhumeka nabi kudahagarara, kurushaho kuba bibi, cyangwa kuza n'ibindi bimenyetso biteye inkeke ntigomba kwirengagizwa. Indwara nka asima cyangwa COPD mubisanzwe zisaba imicungire ikomeza, kandi guhumeka nabi birashobora gusubira inyuma hatabonetse ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Ni gute guhumeka nabi kuvurwa mu rugo?

Niba guhumeka nabi kwawe ari koroheje kandi udafite ikibazo cyo guhumeka, hari uburyo butandukanye bworoheje ushobora kugerageza mu rugo. Ubu buryo bwibanda ku kugabanya kurakara kw'inzira y'umwuka no kugufasha guhumeka neza.

Dore imiti yo mu rugo itekanye ishobora gufasha koroshya guhumeka nabi gukoroheje:

• Guma wihaze amazi unywa amazi ashyushye, icyayi cy’imiti, cyangwa amasupu yoroshye kugira ngo bifashe gucisha ururenda
• Koresha imashini ituma umwuka uba mutose cyangwa uhumeke umwuka uva muri douche ishyushye kugira ngo wongere ubushuhe mu nzira z’umwuka zumye
• Irinde ibintu bizwi bitera ikibazo nk'umwotsi, impumuro zikomeye, cyangwa ibintu bitera allergie
• Kora imyitozo yo guhumeka gahoro kandi cyane kugira ngo bifashe koroshya inzira z'umwuka
• Ubicare wicaye neza aho kuryama ugaramye kugira ngo byoroshye guhumeka
• Gerageza kunywa ibinyobwa bishyushye nk'icyayi cy'ubuki, bishobora gufasha koroherereza inzira z'umwuka zirwaye

Izi miti yo mu rugo ikora neza ku guhumeka guhoraho guto guterwa n'uburwayi bw'igihe gito. Ntabwo zisimbura imiti ivura, cyane cyane niba ufite indwara imenyekanye nka asima.

Ni iyihe miti ivura guhumeka?

Imiti ivura guhumeka iterwa n'icyo birimo giterwa. Muganga wawe azabanza kumenya icyo kibazo cyateye mbere yo kugusaba uburyo bwo kuvura bwiza.

Ku guhumeka gufitanye isano na asima, abaganga basanzwe bandika imiti yitwa bronchodilators, ni imiti yoroshya kandi igafungura inzira z'umwuka. Iyi miti iboneka mu byuma byihutisha imiti yo guhumeka kugira ngo ikize ibimenyetso byihuse ndetse n'imiti yo kugenzura igihe kirekire kugira ngo birinde ibihe byo guhumeka.

Dore imiti isanzwe ikoreshwa hashingiwe ku mpamvu zitandukanye:

• Ibyuma byo guhumeka bya bronchodilator (nka albuterol) kugira ngo byihutishe koroshya inzira z'umwuka zifunze
• Imiti ya Corticosteroid kugira ngo igabanye umubyimbirwe mu nzira zawe z'umwuka
• Antibiotike niba ikibazo giterwa n'indwara iterwa na bagiteri
• Antihistamines kubera allergie
• Ubuvuzi bwa oxygen kubera ibibazo bikomeye aho urugero rwa oxygen mu maraso ruri hasi
• Ubuvuzi bwa nebulizer butanga imiti mu muhogo wawe

Ku bibazo bihoraho nka COPD, ubuvuzi bushobora kuba burimo imiti y'igihe kirekire, kuvugurura ibikorwa by'umubiri, no guhindura imibereho. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kugusaba gupimisha allergie niba ibitera bitagaragara neza.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga kubera guhumeka?

Ugomba kwitabaza muganga niba guhumeka kwawe bishya, bikomeza, cyangwa bikaba bijyana n'ibindi bimenyetso bikubabaza. Nubwo guhumeka gake guterwa n'ibicurane bishobora kutagomba kwitabwaho ako kanya, ibintu bimwe na bimwe bisaba isuzuma ryihuse ry'abaganga.

Dore ibimenyetso bikwiriye gusaba kujya kwa muganga:

• Guhumeka bikubuza gukora ibikorwa byawe bya buri munsi cyangwa gusinzira
• Kugorwa no guhumeka cyangwa kumva ko udashobora guhumeka neza
• Guhumeka bijyana n'ububabare mu gituza cyangwa kugihagarara
• Urubanza rwo guhumeka, rushobora kwerekana icyorezo
• Guhumeka kudakira nyuma y'iminsi mike
• Guhumeka bwa mbere nta mpamvu igaragara

Shaka ubufasha bwihutirwa bw'ubuvuzi ako kanya niba ugize ingorane zikomeye zo guhumeka, iminwa cyangwa inzara z'ubururu, cyangwa ukumva urimo guhagarara. Ibi bimenyetso byerekana ko urwego rwawe rwa ogisijeni rushobora kuba ruri hasi cyane.

Kandi hamagara 911 niba guhumeka kuje mu buryo butunguranye kandi bukomeye, cyane cyane niba bijyana no kubyimba mu maso, ururimi, cyangwa umuhogo, kuko ibi bishobora kwerekana allergie ikomeye.

Ni Ibihe Bintu Bitera Guhumeka?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo guhura no guhumeka. Bimwe muri ibi urashobora kubigenzura, mu gihe ibindi bifitanye isano n'imiterere yawe cyangwa amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi.

Kumenya ibi bintu bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zo gukumira ibihe byo guhumeka:

• Kugira asima cyangwa amateka y'umuryango ya asima
• Kunywa itabi cyangwa guhura buri gihe n'umwuka w'itabi
• Allergie ziterwa n'ibidukikije ku giti, imitungo, cyangwa ubwoya bw'amatungo
• Indwara z'ubuhumekero zikunze kubaho, cyane cyane mu bwana
• Kugira uruhare mu kwangiza umwuka cyangwa ibirimo byangiza akazi
• Indwara ya gastroesophageal reflux (GERD)
• Kuremererwa, bishobora gushyira igitutu kinini ku muhaha wawe

Abana barushaho guhumeka cyane kurusha abantu bakuru kuko inzira zabo z'umwuka ziba nto kandi zishobora guhagarara byoroshye. Abana bavukiye igihe kitaragera n'abafite amateka y'indwara zikomeye zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero nabo bahura n'ibibazo byinshi.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa no guhumeka cyane?

Ibibazo byinshi byo guhumeka cyane bikemuka bitateje ibibazo by'igihe kirekire, cyane cyane iyo bivuwe neza. Ariko, guhumeka cyane kudahagarara cyangwa gukabije rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutera ingaruka niba indwara yihishe itavurwa neza.

Dore ingaruka zishobora kuvuka zikwiye kwitabwaho:

• Umunaniro udashira uterwa no gukora cyane kugira ngo uhumeke
• Ibibazo byo gusinzira bituma umuntu arushiriza gucika intege ku manywa
• Kugabanya ubushobozi bwo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa gukora ibikorwa bya buri munsi
• Indwara zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero bigoranye kurwanya
• Umutima uhagaze wo guhura n'ibibazo byo guhumeka
• Mu bihe bikomeye, urugero rwo hasi rw'umwuka wa oxygen mu maraso yawe

Ku bantu bafite asima, guhumeka cyane kudagenzurwa neza bishobora gutera impinduka zihoraho mu mikorere y'ibihaha uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ibi nibyo bituma ari ngombwa gukorana n'umuganga wawe kugira ngo utegure gahunda yo kuvura neza.

Gahoro cyane, ibibazo bikomeye byo guhumeka cyane bishobora gutera kunanirwa guhumeka, aho ibihaha byawe bidashobora gutanga umwuka wa oxygen uhagije mu mubiri wawe. Ibi ni ibibazo by'ubuvuzi bisaba kuvurwa mu bitaro ako kanya.

Ni iki guhumeka cyane gushobora kwitiranywa nacyo?

Guhumeka cyane rimwe na rimwe bishobora kwitiranywa n'andi majwi yo guhumeka cyangwa indwara. Ijwi ryo gusakuza riri hejuru ni iryihariye, ariko ibindi bimenyetso byo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero bishobora kumera kimwe, cyane cyane ku matwi atatojwe.

Dore indwara zishobora kwitiranywa no guhumeka cyane:

• Stridor - ijwi rikaze, rireremye riva mu nzira yo hejuru yo guhumeka
• Rhonchi - amajwi yo hasi asa n'ay'ibishishwa ava mu mukororombya uri mu nzira nini zo guhumeka
• Rales (crackles) - amajwi meza asa n'ay'ibishishwa ava mu mazi ari mu dusaho duto tw'umwuka
• Kuvuga ingurube - imivumba iva mu bice by'umuhogo byoroshye mu gihe cyo gusinzira
• Imikorere mibi y'imitsi y'ijwi - gufunga bidasanzwe kw'imitsi y'ijwi mu gihe cyo guhumeka

Rimwe na rimwe abantu bibeshya bakavuga ko kumva umutwaro mu gituza ari ukwivumbura, kabone n'iyo nta jwi ririho. Abandi bashobora kwitiranya amajwi asanzwe yo guhumeka akaba agaragara cyane mu gihe cy'uburwayi n'ukwivumbura nyakuri.

Abaganga bakoresha stethoscope rimwe na rimwe n'ibindi bizami kugira ngo batandukanye aya majwi atandukanye kandi bamenye neza icyateye ingorane zo guhumeka.

Ibikunze Kubazwa ku Kwivumbura

Ese kwivumbura buri gihe ni ikimenyetso cya asima?

Oya, kwivumbura ntibikunda guterwa na asima, nubwo asima ari imwe mu mpamvu zikunze gutera. Indwara z'ubuhumekero, allergie, COPD, ndetse n'ibibazo by'umutima bishobora gutera kwivumbura. Muganga wawe azagomba gusuzuma ibimenyetso byawe n'amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi kugira ngo amenye neza icyateye.

Ese umunabi ushobora gutera kwivumbura?

Umunabi ubwawo ntutera kwivumbura, ariko ushobora gutera ibimenyetso bya asima ku bantu bafite iyo ndwara. Umunabi kandi ushobora gutera guhumeka vuba kandi gake bishobora gutuma ibibazo by'ubuhumekero bihora bibi. Kwiga uburyo bwo gucunga umunabi birashobora kugufasha niba ubonye ibibazo byawe byo guhumeka bikara mu gihe cy'umunabi.

Ese kwivumbura birandura?

Kwivumbura ubwako ntikwandura, ariko icyateye birashobora. Niba kwivumbura kwawe guterwa n'indwara y'ubuhumekero iterwa na virusi cyangwa bagiteri, ushobora gukwirakwiza iyo ndwara ku bandi. Ariko, indwara nka asima cyangwa COPD ziteza kwivumbura ntizandura.

Ese abana bashobora kurenga kwivumbura?

Abana benshi bahumeka cyane bafite indwara zandura zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero barakura bakava muri iyi ngeso uko imiyoboro yabo y'ubuhumekero igenda yaguka kandi imikorere y'ubudahangarwa bwabo ikagera ku rwego rwo hejuru. Ariko, abana bafite asima nyayo bashobora gukomeza kugira ibimenyetso kugeza bakuze, nubwo ibi akenshi bishobora kugenzurwa neza n'imiti ikwiye.

Mbese guhumeka cyane buri gihe bisobanura ko nkeneye inhaler?

Si ngombwa. Nubwo inhalers ari imiti isanzwe ikoreshwa mu guhumeka cyane biterwa na asima cyangwa COPD, izindi mpamvu zishobora gusaba imiti itandukanye. Urugero, guhumeka cyane guterwa n'indwara yatewe na bagiteri bishobora gukenera imiti yica mikorobe, mugihe guhumeka cyane biterwa n'uburwayi bwo mu mubiri bushobora gusubizwa neza n'imiti irwanya allergie. Muganga wawe azagena imiti myiza ishingiye ku gitera ibimenyetso byawe.