Icyo Gupima A1C Aricyo? Impamvu, Urwego, Uburyo & Ibivamo

Icyo gipimo cya A1C gipima urugero rwawe rwa shuga mu maraso mu mezi 2-3 ashize. Bimeze nk'ifoto yerekana uburyo umubiri wawe wagenzuraga isukari muri icyo gihe. Iki gipimo cyoroshye cy'amaraso giha wowe na muganga wawe ibisobanuro by'agaciro ku bijyanye no gucunga diyabete yawe cyangwa ibyago byo kurwara diyabete.

Icyo Gupima A1C Aricyo?

Icyo gipimo cya A1C gipima ijanisha ry'uturemangingo twawe dutukura tw'amaraso dufite isukari yomatanye. Iyo isukari imara igihe kirekire mu maraso yawe, ikomatana mu buryo bwa kamere kuri poroteyine yitwa hemoglobin imbere mu turemangingo twawe dutukura tw'amaraso.

Kubera ko uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso tumara amezi agera kuri 2-3, iki gipimo kigaragaza urugero rwawe rwa shuga mu maraso muri icyo gihe cyose. Tekereza nk'ikarita yerekana uko wacungaga isukari mu maraso yawe mu mezi make ashize, aho kuba umwanya umwe gusa.

Iki gipimo kizwi kandi nka hemoglobin A1C, HbA1c, cyangwa hemoglobin ya glycated. Abaganga bakoresha iki gipimo nk'igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu gusuzuma diyabete no gukurikirana uburyo imiti ya diyabete ikora neza.

Kuki gupima A1C bikorwa?

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gupimisha A1C kugira ngo arebe niba urwaye diyabete cyangwa prediabetes. Bitandukanye n'ibipimo bya shuga mu maraso ya buri munsi bishobora guhindagurika bitewe n'ibyo wariye cyangwa urwego rwawe rw'umunaniro, A1C itanga ishusho ihamye, y'igihe kirekire yo kugenzura isukari yawe.

Niba usanzwe urwaye diyabete, iki gipimo gifasha ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi gusobanukirwa neza uburyo gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi ikora neza. Yerekana niba imiti yawe, imirire, n'imibereho yawe bihinduka bigenzura neza urugero rwawe rwa shuga mu maraso uko igihe kigenda.

Iki gipimo gifite agaciro cyane kuko kitagengwa n'ibintu by'igihe gito nk'ifunguro rya vuba cyangwa indwara y'akanya gato. Ibi bituma kiba igikoresho cyiza cyane mu gufata ibyemezo by'ingenzi ku bijyanye n'ubuvuzi bwa diyabete yawe no guhindura uburyo bwo kuvura.

Uburyo bwo gupima A1C ni ubuhe?

Ikizamini cya A1C ni kimwe gikorwa byoroshye cyane kandi gisaba gusa icyitegererezo gito cy'amaraso. Umuganga wawe azakuvana amaraso mu urugingo rw'ukuboko ukoresheje urushinge ruto, nk'ibindi bizamini by'amaraso bisanzwe ushobora kuba waragize.

Uburyo bwose busanzwe bufata iminota itarenze itanu. Icyitegererezo cy'amaraso noneho cyoherezwa muri laboratori aho abahanga bagereranya ijanisha rya hemoglobin ifite isukari yegeranyeho.

Ibiro by'ubuzima bimwe na bimwe ubu bitanga ibizamini bya A1C byo ku ngingo, bivuze ko ushobora kubona ibisubizo byawe mugihe kimwe. Ibi bizamini byihuse bikoresha igitonyanga gito cy'amaraso kuva ku rutoki rwawe kandi bitanga ibisubizo mumunota muke.

Ni gute witegura ikizamini cyawe cya A1C?

Kimwe mubintu byiza bijyanye n'ikizamini cya A1C nuko kidasaba gutegurwa byihariye ku ruhande rwawe. Urashobora kurya bisanzwe mbere yikizamini, kandi ntugomba kwiyiriza cyangwa kwirinda ibiryo cyangwa ibinyobwa.

Urashobora gufata imiti yawe isanzwe nkuko byategetswe, kandi igihe cyikizamini cyawe ntacyo gitwaye. Niba ugiye mu gitondo cyangwa nimugoroba ntizagira ingaruka ku bisubizo byawe kuko ikizamini kigereranya imiterere y'isukari yo mu maraso igihe kirekire.

Ariko, birakwiye kubwira muganga wawe niba waba waragize impinduka zikomeye mu buzima bwawe, nk'indwara ikomeye, gutakaza amaraso, cyangwa gutera amaraso. Ibi bihe bidasanzwe bishobora guhindura ibisubizo byawe by'agateganyo.

Ni gute usoma ikizamini cyawe cya A1C?

Isubizo rya A1C ritangwa nk'ijanisha, kandi gusobanukirwa n'iyi mibare birashobora kugufasha kugenzura ubuzima bwawe. Urwego rusanzwe rwa A1C ruri munsi ya 5.7%, ibi bikerekana ko isukari yo mu maraso yawe yari mu rwego rwiza mu mezi make ashize.

Niba A1C yawe iguye hagati ya 5.7% na 6.4%, ibi birerekana prediabetes. Ibi bivuze ko urwego rwawe rw'isukari yo mu maraso rwari ruri hejuru y'ibisanzwe ariko ntiruhagije kugirango rushyirwe mu cyiciro cya diyabete. Inkuru nziza nuko prediabetes akenshi ishobora guhindurwa no guhindura imibereho.

A1C ya 6.5% cyangwa hejuru kuri test ebyiri zitandukanye mubisanzwe yemeza ko umuntu arwaye diyabete. Ku bantu basanzwe barwaye diyabete, Ishyirahamwe ry’Abanyamerika ryita ku barwayi ba diyabete risanzwe ritanga inama zo kugumisha urwego rwa A1C munsi ya 7% ku bantu bakuru benshi, nubwo intego yawe bwite ishobora gutandukana bitewe n’ubuzima bwawe bwihariye.

Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugirango amenye intego yawe bwite ya A1C. Abantu bamwe bashobora gushaka intego nto, naho abandi bafite uburwayi runaka bashobora kugira intego ziri hejuru gato zibateje umutekano.

Ni gute wakosora urwego rwawe rwa A1C?

Niba urwego rwawe rwa A1C ruri hejuru y'urwego rw'intego yawe, hari uburyo butandukanye bufasha kubigabanya. Uburyo bukomeye buhuza kurya neza, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe, no kunywa imiti yategetswe nkuko byategetswe.

Gukora impinduka buhoro buhoro ku mirire yawe birashobora kugira uruhare runini kuri A1C yawe. Jya wibanda ku guhitamo ibiryo bitatera kuzamuka kw'isukari mu maraso, nk'imboga, poroteyine zifite amavuta make, n'ibinyampeke byuzuye. Gukorana n'umuganga w'imirire ushinzwe kubona ibiryo biranga ubuzima bwawe birashobora kugufasha gukora gahunda y'imirire ijyanye n'imibereho yawe n'ibyo ukunda.

Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe bifasha umubiri wawe gukoresha insuline neza kandi bishobora kugabanya A1C yawe uko igihe kigenda. Ndetse no gukora imyitozo yoroheje nko kugenda vuba iminota 30 muminsi myinshi y'icyumweru birashobora gutanga itandukaniro rifatika. Banza uganire na muganga wawe mbere yo gutangira gukora imyitozo mishya.

Niba urwaye diyabete, kunywa imiti yawe nkuko yategetswe ni ngombwa kugirango ucunge urwego rwawe rwa A1C. Ntukigere usiba doze cyangwa guhagarika kunywa imiti utabanje kubiganiraho n'umuganga wawe, kuko ibi bishobora gutera kuzamuka kw'isukari mu maraso.

Ni uruhe rwego rwa A1C rwiza?

Urwego rwa A1C rwiza rutewe n'ubuzima bwawe bwihariye niba urwaye diyabete. Ku bantu badafite diyabete, A1C isanzwe iri munsi ya 5.7%, ibyo bikerekana uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura isukari mu maraso igihe kirekire.

Niba urwaye diyabete, umuganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo amenye intego yawe bwite. Ku bantu bakuru benshi barwaye diyabete, A1C iri munsi ya 7% ni yo ntego, ariko ibi bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'imyaka yawe, izindi ndwara ufite, n'ibibazo byo kugabanuka k'isukari mu maraso.

Abantu bakuze cyangwa abantu bafite indwara zikomeye bashobora kugira intego ya A1C iri hejuru gato kugira ngo bagabanye ibyago byo kugabanuka cyane k'isukari mu maraso. Muganga wawe azirikana ku buzima bwawe bwose igihe ashyiraho intego yawe bwite.

Wibuke ko n'ubwo hariho impinduka ntoya muri A1C yawe zishobora kugira akamaro kanini ku buzima. Kugabanya A1C yawe na 1% gusa bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo guhura n'ingorane za diyabete uko igihe kigenda.

Ni iki gitera ibyago byo kugira A1C iri hejuru?

Ibintu bitandukanye bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kugira urwego rwa A1C ruri hejuru, kandi kubisobanukirwa bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zo kwirinda. Kubyibuha cyangwa kunanuka ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bitera ibyago, kuko uburemere burenze urugero bushobora gutuma umubiri wawe utabasha gukoresha neza insuline.

Amateka y'umuryango agira uruhare runini mu byago byawe. Niba ababyeyi bawe, abavandimwe, cyangwa abandi bo mu muryango wawe barwaye diyabete, birashoboka cyane ko nawe uzagira urwego rwa sukari mu maraso ruri hejuru. Nubwo udashobora guhindura imiterere yawe, kumenya amateka y'umuryango wawe bifasha kuguma maso ku buzima bwawe.

Imyaka ni ikindi kintu cy'ingenzi cyo kuzirikana. Ibyago byo kurwara diyabete n'urwego rwa A1C ruri hejuru biriyongera uko ugenda usaza, cyane cyane nyuma y'imyaka 45. Ibi bibaho kuko ubushobozi bw'umubiri wawe bwo gutunganya glucose bushobora kugabanuka uko ugenda usaza.

Amoko amwe n'amwe afite ibyago byinshi. Abantu b'Abanyafurika, Abahisipaniya, Abanyamerika kavukire, Abanyamerika b'Abashinwa, n'Abanyepasifika bafite umubare munini wa diyabete kandi bashobora kurushaho kugira urwego rwa A1C ruri hejuru.

Kugira amateka ya diyabete yo mu gihe cyo gutwita byongera ibyago byo kurwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 nyuma yo kubyara. Byongeye kandi, abagore babyaye abana baremereye ibiro birenga 9 bakunda guhura n'ibibazo byo kugira isukari yo mu maraso iri hejuru.

Mbese ni byiza kugira A1C iri hejuru cyangwa iri hasi?

Iyo bigeze ku rwego rwa A1C, intego ni ukuguma mu kigereranyo cyiza aho kugira hejuru cyangwa hasi cyane. Kugira urwego rwa A1C ruri hejuru buri gihe bituma ugira ibyago byo kurwara indwara zikomeye ziterwa na diyabete, harimo indwara z'umutima, ibibazo by'impyiko, no kwangirika kw'imitsi.

Ariko, gushaka kugabanya A1C yawe cyane nabyo birashobora guteza akaga, cyane cyane niba urwaye diyabete kandi ufata imiti ishobora gutera isukari yo mu maraso kuba hasi. Urwego rwa A1C ruri hasi cyane rushobora kwerekana ko uhura n'ibihe bya hypoglycemia kenshi, bishobora guteza akaga ku buzima.

Ikintu cyiza ni ukugumana A1C yawe mu kigereranyo cyagenwe na muganga wawe. Ubu buryo bufasha kwirinda ibibazo byatewe n'isukari yo mu maraso iri hejuru n'akaga k'ibihe bikomeye byo kugira isukari yo mu maraso iri hasi.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa na A1C iri hejuru?

Urwego rwa A1C ruri hejuru buri gihe rushobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima uko igihe kigenda gihita, ariko gusobanukirwa n'ibi byago birashobora kugutera gukora ibikorwa. Isukari yo mu maraso iri hejuru yangiza imitsi yose yo mu mubiri wawe, ibyo bikaba byagira ingaruka ku ngingo nyinshi.

Ibibazo by'umutima ni bimwe mu bibazo bikomeye cyane. Urwego rwa A1C ruri hejuru rwongera cyane ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima, guturika kw'umutima, n'indwara z'imitsi yo mu bwonko. Isukari nyinshi iri mu maraso yawe ishobora kwangiza imitsi y'amaraso yawe kandi ikagira uruhare mu gukora amaraso akomeye ateje akaga.

Impyiko zawe zikunda kwangirika bitewe n'isukari nyinshi mu maraso. Mu gihe, A1C yiyongera irashobora gutera indwara y'impyiko ya diyabete, ishobora kuzageza ku kunanirwa kw'impyiko bisaba dialysis cyangwa kwimurwa. Gukurikirana buri gihe birashobora gufasha kumenya ibibazo by'impyiko hakiri kare igihe bivurwa neza.

Ukwangirika kw'imitsi, kwitwa diabetic neuropathy, ni ikindi kibazo gishobora kuvuka. Ibi bikunda gutangirira mu birenge no mu ntoki zawe, bigatera ububabare, kuribwa, cyangwa kubabara. Mu bihe bikomeye, kwangirika kw'imitsi birashobora gutera indwara zikomeye cyangwa no gusaba gukata urugingo.

Ibibazo by'amaso nabyo birashobora kuvuka, harimo diabetic retinopathy, ishobora gutera guhumana cyangwa ubuhumyi niba bitavuwe. Inkuru nziza ni uko kugenzura amaso buri gihe bishobora kumenya ibi bibazo hakiri kare, kandi imiti irahari yo gukumira cyangwa kugabanya guhumana.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa na A1C yo hasi?

Nubwo kugira A1C yo hasi bishobora kugaragara neza, urwego rwo hasi cyane rushobora kugaragaza ikibazo gikomeye hamwe n'ibihe bya hypoglycemia cyangwa isukari yo hasi mu maraso. Ibi bihe birashobora kuba byateza akaga kandi bishobora gutera urupfu niba bibaho buri gihe.

Hypoglycemia ikomeye irashobora gutera urujijo, gufatwa n'indwara, cyangwa gutakaza ubwenge. Niba urimo guhura n'ibihe bya isukari yo hasi buri gihe, A1C yawe irashobora kugaragara neza cyane mugihe uri mu kaga ko guhura n'ibibazo by'ubuvuzi.

Abantu bamwe bashobora kugera ku rwego rwa A1C yo hasi cyane binyuze mu mirire ikabije cyangwa imiti ikabije, bishobora gutera imirire mibi cyangwa izindi ngorane z'ubuzima. Iyi niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa gukorana n'umuganga wawe kugirango ugere ku ntego zawe za A1C mu buryo butekanye.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, indwara zimwe na zimwe zirashobora gutera ibipimo bya A1C byo hasi. Ibi birimo anemia ikomeye, gutakaza amaraso vuba, cyangwa indwara zimwe na zimwe za genetike zigira ingaruka ku buzima bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso atukura. Muganga wawe ashobora gufasha kumenya niba A1C yawe yerekana neza uburyo ugenga isukari mu maraso yawe.

Nkwiriye kubona umuganga ryari kuri A1C?

Ugomba kubonana na muganga kugira ngo ukorerwe isuzuma rya A1C niba ufite ibintu bigushyira mu kaga ko kurwara diyabete cyangwa niba ufite ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza ibibazo by'isukari mu maraso. Ishyirahamwe ry'Abanyamerika ryita ku diyabete ritanga inama ko abantu bakuru bose batangira gupimwa diyabete bafite imyaka 45, cyangwa mbere yaho niba ufite ibintu bigushyira mu kaga.

Niba ubona ibimenyetso nk'inyota yiyongera, kunyara kenshi, gutakaza ibiro bitasobanutse, cyangwa umunaniro udashira, ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'isukari iri hejuru mu maraso. Ntukegere gupimwa niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, kuko kumenya no kuvura hakiri kare bishobora gukumira ingorane.

Abantu bafite prediabetes bagomba gupimisha A1C byibuze rimwe mu mwaka kugira ngo bakurikirane uko bagenda bitwara no kumenya kare niba diyabete yiyongera. Niba ufite diyabete, muganga wawe akenshi azagusaba gupimisha A1C buri mezi 3-6, bitewe n'uko isukari yawe mu maraso igenzurwa neza.

Ugomba kandi kubonana na muganga wawe niba ufite diyabete kandi ibisubizo byawe bya A1C bikomeza kuba hejuru y'urugero rwawe rw'intego. Ibi bishobora kugaragaza ko gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi ikeneye guhindurwa, kandi umuganga wawe ashobora kugufasha gusubira mu nzira.

Ibikunze kubazwa ku isuzuma rya A1C

Q.1 Ese isuzuma rya A1C rifasha mu kumenya diyabete?

Yego, isuzuma rya A1C ni igikoresho cyiza cyo kumenya diyabete na prediabetes. Ni ingirakamaro cyane kuko ritanga ishusho yuzuye y'uko isukari yawe mu maraso igenzurwa mu mezi 2-3, aho kuba umwanya umwe gusa nk'isuzuma ry'isukari mu gihe utariye.

Isuzuma ryoroshye kuko ntugomba kwiriza mbere yo kurikora, kandi ntirigirwaho ingaruka n'amafunguro aherutse cyangwa umunabi. Ariko, muganga wawe ashobora kurikoresha hamwe n'izindi suzuma kugira ngo abone ishusho yuzuye y'imikorere y'isukari yawe kandi yemeze icyemezo cy'uburwayi.

Q.2 Ese A1C iri hejuru itera umunaniro?

Uduce twa A1C twa hejuru dushobora gutuma umuntu ananirwa, nubwo isano ari iy'inyuma. Iyo urugero rw'isukari mu maraso ruri hejuru buri gihe, umubiri wawe ugira ingorane zo gukoresha isukari neza kugira ngo ubone imbaraga, ibyo bishobora gutuma wumva unaniwe kandi utagira imbaraga.

Byongeye kandi, isukari nyinshi mu maraso ishobora gutuma umubiri wuma kuko impyiko zawe zikora cyane kugira ngo zivanemo isukari nyinshi, kandi umubiri wuma akenshi bitera umunaniro. Niba urimo guhura n'umunaniro udashira hamwe n'ibindi bimenyetso nk'inyota nyinshi cyangwa kunyara kenshi, birakwiye ko uvugana na muganga wawe ku bijyanye no gupima A1C.

Q.3 Ese ibisubizo bya A1C bishobora kuba bitari byo?

Nubwo ibizamini bya A1C muri rusange bifite ukuri cyane, ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bisubizo. Abantu bafite ubwoko runaka bwa anemia, abatakaje amaraso vuba, cyangwa abafite ibintu bya genetike bigira ingaruka kuri hemoglobin bashobora kugira ibisubizo bitagaragaza neza urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yabo.

Niba ibisubizo byawe bya A1C bitajyana n'ibipimo byawe bya buri munsi by'isukari mu maraso cyangwa niba ufite ibintu bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kizamini, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba uburyo bwo gupima bwongereweho. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo ibizamini bya glucose byihutirwa cyangwa ibizamini byo kwihanganira glucose kugira ngo ubone ishusho irambuye.

Q.4 Urugero rwa A1C rushobora guhinduka vuba gute?

Uduce twa A1C duhinduka buhoro buhoro kuko tugaragaza urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe mu mezi 2-3. Muri rusange ntuzabona impinduka zigaragara muri A1C yawe nibura nyuma y'ibyumweru 6-8 nyuma yo gukora impinduka mu mibereho cyangwa guhindura imiti.

Iyi niyo mpamvu abaganga basanzwe bategereza nibura amezi 3 hagati y'ibizamini bya A1C mugihe bakurikirana imicungire ya diyabete. Ariko, imiterere y'impinduka za A1C buhoro buhoro nanone bisobanura ko iterambere ukora unyuze mumigenzo myiza izagira ingaruka zirambye ku bisubizo byawe.

Q.5 Ni ikihe gitandukanye kiri hagati ya A1C n'ibizamini bya buri munsi by'isukari mu maraso?

Ibizamini bya buri munsi by'isukari mu maraso biguha ishusho y'urugero rw'isukari yawe mu gihe runaka, naho A1C itanga ishusho rusange mu mezi menshi. Tekereza ibizamini bya buri munsi nk'ifoto imwe imwe, naho A1C ni nko kureba filime y'imiterere y'isukari yawe mu maraso.

Ubwoko bwombi bw'ibizamini bufite agaciro kubera impamvu zitandukanye. Ibizamini bya buri munsi bigufasha gufata icyemezo ako kanya ku bijyanye n'ibiryo, imiti, n'ibikorwa, naho A1C igafasha wowe na muganga wawe gusuzuma uko gahunda yawe yose yo kuvura diyabete ikora neza uko igihe kigenda.