Adrenalectomy

Kubaga amagi y'adrenal (uh-dree-nul-EK-tuh-me) ni ubuvuzi bwo gukuraho kimwe cyangwa byombi mu mihini y'adrenal. Imihini yombi y'adrenal y'umubiri iherereye hejuru y'impyiko zombi. Imihini y'adrenal igize uruhare mu gukora imisemburo, bita urubuga rw'imisemburo. Nubwo imihindo y'adrenal ari mito, ikora imisemburo igira ingaruka hafi ku gice cyose cy'umubiri. Iyi misemburo igenzura uburyo umubiri ukoresha imbaraga, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, umuvuduko w'amaraso, isukari mu maraso n'izindi nshingano z'ingenzi z'umubiri.

Ushobora kuba ukeneye kubagwa ukavanwamo umwijima (adrenalectomy) niba kimwe cyangwa byombi mu miwijima yawe: Gifite ikinyabutabire. Ibikomere byo mu miwijima bya kanseri bita udukoko mbi. Ibikomere bitari kanseri bita udukoko bwiza. Ibyinshi mu bikomere byo mu miwijima si kanseri. Bikora imisemburo myinshi. Niba umwijima ukora imisemburo myinshi, bishobora gutera ibimenyetso byinshi bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima. Mu mubare w'ibintu bimwe na bimwe, ubwoko bumwe bw'ibikomere bushobora gutera imisemburo y'inyongera. Muri ibyo harimo ibinyabutabire bita pheochromocytomas na aldosteronomas. Bimwe mu bikomere bituma umwijima ukora imisemburo myinshi ya cortisol. Ibyo bituma haba indwara yitwa Cushing syndrome. Ikinyabutabire kiri mu gice cy'ubwonko gishinzwe gukora imisemburo (pituitary gland) gishobora kandi gutera imisemburo myinshi ya cortisol mu miwijima. Niba ikinyabutabire cyo mu gice cy'ubwonko gishinzwe gukora imisemburo kitakurwaho burundu, kubagwa ukavanwamo umwijima bishobora kuba ngombwa. Mu mubare w'ibintu bimwe na bimwe, kubagwa ukavanwamo umwijima bishobora kandi kugirwa inama niba ibizamini byo kureba imbere mu mubiri (imaging exam) byo mu miwijima, nka CT scan cyangwa MRI scan, bigaragaza ibintu bishidikanywaho cyangwa bitumvikana.

Kubaga amara ya adrenal bifite ibyago bimwe na bimwe nk'ibindi byago byo kubagwa bikomeye — kuva amaraso, kwandura, no kugira ingaruka mbi z'ibiyobyabwenge byo kubaga. Ibindi byago bishoboka birimo: Gukomeretsa imyanya iri hafi y'umwijima wa adrenal. Ibibyimba by'amaraso. Pneumoni. Impinduka z'umuvuduko w'amaraso. Kudafata imisemburo ihagije mu mubiri nyuma yo kubagwa. Kuri bamwe, ikibazo cy'ubuzima cyatumye bakorerwa kubagwa amara ya adrenal gishobora kugaruka nyuma yo kubagwa, cyangwa kubagwa bishobora kutakirekura burundu.

Mu gihe runaka mbere y’igihe cy’ubuganga, bishobora kuba ngombwa ko bakubwira uko igitutu cy’amaraso yawe kiri kenshi. Bishobora kuba ngombwa ko ukora indyo idasanzwe kandi ukanywa imiti. Nanone bishobora kuba ngombwa ko ukorwa ibizamini byo kubona amashusho kugira ngo abaganga bawe bitegure neza kubaga. Niba umubiri wawe ukora imisemburo myinshi, bishobora kuba ngombwa ko ukora imyiteguro idasanzwe mbere y’ubuganga kugira ngo ubuvuzi bukorwe neza. Mbere gato y’ubuganga, bishobora kuba ngombwa ko wirindira kurya no kunywa igihe runaka. Umuganga wawe azakubwira amabwiriza yihariye. Mbere y’ubuganga bwawe, saba inshuti cyangwa umuntu wo mu muryango wawe kugira ngo aguhe ubufasha bwo gutaha nyuma y’ubuvuzi.