Icyo Ikizamini cya ANA Aricyo? Impamvu, Urwego, Uburyo & Ibisubizo

Ikizamini cya ANA kigenzura niba hari imisemburo ya antinuclear mu maraso yawe. Iyi ni poroteyine umubiri wawe ukora iyo urwanya nabi uturemangingo twawe twiza. Iki kizamini cy'amaraso gifasha abaganga kumenya indwara ziterwa n'umubiri w'umuntu ubwawo aho uburyo bwo kwirinda bw'umubiri wawe buyoba bugatangira kurwanya ubwawo aho kurwanya mikorobe n'indwara.

Icyo Ikizamini cya ANA Aricyo?

ANA yerekana antinuclear antibodies, izo zikaba ari poroteyine zidasanzwe ziboneka mu maraso yawe. Uburyo bwo kwirinda bw'umubiri wawe butanga iyi misemburo iyo yibeshye ikarwanya urugingo nyamukuru (ikigo gicunga) cy'uturemangingo twawe. Bitekereze nk'uburyo bwo gucunga umutekano bw'umubiri wawe burimo buvanga imirongo yayo bugafata uturemangingo twawe nk'abashyitsi.

Ikizamini kigereranya umubare w'iyi misemburo iri mu maraso yawe. Iyo abaganga babonye urwego rwo hejuru, akenshi byerekana ko indwara yiterwa n'umubiri wawe ishobora kuba irimo iterana cyangwa imaze kubaho. Ariko, abantu bamwe bafite ubuzima bwiza bashobora kugira urwego ruto rw'iyi misemburo nta kibazo cy'ubuzima.

Iki gikoresho cyo gupima gifite agaciro kanini kuko gishobora kumenya ibikorwa byo kwirinda mbere yuko ubona ibimenyetso bikomeye. Kumenya kare bitanga wowe n'umuganga wawe umwanya wo gucunga neza indwara iyo ari yo yose.

Kuki Ikizamini cya ANA gikorwa?

Umutabazi wawe ategeka iki kizamini iyo ugaragaza ibimenyetso bishobora kwerekeza ku ndwara yiterwa n'umubiri wawe. Impamvu zisanzwe zirimo kubabara mu ngingo bitasobanutse, umunaniro udashira, ibiheri ku ruhu, cyangwa intege nke z'imitsi zitagira impamvu igaragara.

Ikizamini gifasha kumenya indwara nyinshi ziterwa n'umubiri wawe, lupus ikaba ari yo isanzwe cyane. Gishobora kandi kumenya izindi ndwara nka syndrome ya Sjögren, scleroderma, n'ubwoko bumwe bwa arthritis. Rimwe na rimwe abaganga baragikoresha kugira ngo bakurikirane indwara ziterwa n'umubiri wawe zisanzweho cyangwa barebe niba imiti ikora.

Umuvuzi wawe ashobora no kugusaba iki kizamini niba ufite abagize umuryango barwaye indwara ziterwa n'umubiri w'umuntu. Nubwo izi ndwara zitandukira mu buryo bweruye, kugira abavandimwe bafite ibibazo by'umubiri birwanya indwara bishobora kongera ibyago byo kuzirwara nawe.

Ni iki gikorwa mu kizamini cya ANA?

Ikizamini cya ANA ni ugukuramo amaraso byoroshye bifata iminota mike gusa. Umuganga azahanagura ahantu hato ku kuboko kwawe hanyuma ashyire urushinge ruto mu urwungano rw'imitsi, akenshi mu gace k'inkokora yawe. Ushobora kumva urumuri rwihuse, ariko abantu benshi babona ko byihanganirwa.

Urugero rw'amaraso rwoherezwa muri laboratori aho abahanga babisuzuma bakoresheje mikorosikopi zidasanzwe. Bareba ibimenyetso byihariye by'amabuye y'agaciro kandi bapima uko yibanze mu maraso yawe. Uburyo bwose kuva mu gukuramo amaraso kugeza ku ngaruka bisaba iminsi mike kugeza ku cyumweru.

Nta bikoresho bidasanzwe cyangwa uburyo burebure bukenewe ku ruhande rwawe. Urashobora gusubira mu bikorwa byawe bisanzwe nyuma y'uko amaraso akurwaho, nubwo ushobora kugira igikomere gito ahantu urushinge rwashyizweho ruzashira mu minsi mike.

Ni gute witegura ikizamini cyawe cya ANA?

Inkuru nziza ni uko ikizamini cya ANA gisaba gutegurwa guke cyane. Ntabwo ukeneye kwiyiriza cyangwa kwirinda kurya mbere y'ikizamini, bityo urashobora gukomeza gahunda yawe isanzwe yo kurya. Imiti myinshi ntizabangamira ibisubizo, bityo komeza gufata imiti yawe yategetswe nk'ibisanzwe.

Ariko, ni ngombwa kubwira muganga wawe imiti yose n'ibyongerera imbaraga ufata. Imwe mu miti, cyane cyane imiti imwe ya antibiyotike, imiti irwanya ibyuririzi, n'imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso, rimwe na rimwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku rwego rwa ANA. Muganga wawe azemeza niba hari ibikenewe guhindurwa.

Wambare imyenda yoroshye ifite amaboko ashobora kuzamurwa byoroshye kugeza ku gikonjo. Ibi bituma uburyo bwo kuvana amaraso bugenda neza kandi bukabera buri wese uruhare. Gerageza kuguma ufite amazi menshi unywa amazi uko bisanzwe, kuko ibi bishobora koroshya kubona imitsi yawe.

Uburyo bwo gusoma ibisubizo byawe bya ANA?

Ibisubizo bya test ya ANA biza mu bice bibiri by'ingenzi: titer (urugero rw'umubare) n'imiterere. Titer ikubwira uburyo amaraso yawe ashobora gucishwa amazi mugihe agifite ibisubizo byiza. Urugero rusanzwe rwa titer rurimo 1:40, 1:80, 1:160, n'imibare iri hejuru nka 1:320 cyangwa 1:640.

Titer ya 1:80 cyangwa munsi yayo mubisanzwe ifatwa nkibisanzwe kubantu benshi. Urugero rwa 1:160 cyangwa hejuru akenshi rutanga igitekerezo ko hari ikintu cyo kwivumbura gishobora kuba kirimo kuba mumubiri wawe. Ariko, abantu bamwe bafite ubuzima bwiza bashobora kugira titer iri hejuru nta ndwara, cyane cyane abantu bakuze.

Imiterere isobanura uburyo imibiri irwanya indwara igaragara munsi ya mikorosikopi. Imiterere itandukanye irashobora kwerekana ibintu bitandukanye. Urugero, imiterere isa n'imwe akenshi ifitanye isano na lupus, mugihe imiterere ya centromere ishobora gutanga igitekerezo cya scleroderma. Muganga wawe azasobanura byombi titer n'imiterere hamwe n'ibimenyetso byawe.

Wibuke ko test ya ANA nziza idasobanura ko ufite indwara yo kwivumbura. Muganga wawe azatekereza ibimenyetso byawe, amateka yawe yubuvuzi, n'ibindi bisubizo bya test kugirango akore isuzuma ryukuri.

Uburyo bwo gukemura urugero rwawe rwa ANA?

Ntabwo ushobora "gukemura" cyangwa kumanura urugero rwa ANA ukoresheje imirire cyangwa impinduka zumibereho gusa. Iyi mibiri irwanya indwara yerekana imikorere y'ubudahangarwa bwawe, bugenzurwa cyane na genetike yawe n'ubuzima bwawe bwibanze. Ariko, gucunga indwara iyo ari yo yose yo kwivumbura ufite birashobora gufasha guhagarika uru rugero uko igihe kigenda.

Niba urwaye indwara y’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri, gukurikiza gahunda yawe y’ubuvuzi neza ni uburyo bwiza cyane. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo gufata imiti yategetswe, kwitabira ibizamini bya buri gihe, no gukurikirana ibimenyetso byawe. Ubuvuzi bukwiye bushobora gufasha gutuza ubwirinzi bw’umubiri wawe kandi bushobora kugabanya umusaruro wa ANA.

Kubaho ubuzima bwiza bushobora gushyigikira imikorere y’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri wawe muri rusange, nubwo bitazahindura mu buryo butaziguye urwego rwawe rwa ANA. Kuruhuka bihagije, gucunga umunaniro, kurya ibiryo bifite intungamubiri, no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri byose bituma ubwirinzi bw’umubiri burushaho kugira uburinganire.

Abantu bamwe basanga kwirinda ibintu bizwi bitera ibimenyetso byabo by’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri bibafasha kubicunga. Ibintu bisanzwe bitera harimo umunaniro ukabije, indwara zimwe na zimwe, kugaragaza izuba ryinshi cyane, n’ibiryo bimwe na bimwe bisa nkaho byongera ubukana bw’uburwayi bwabo.

Ni uruhe rwego rwa ANA rwiza cyane?

Urugo rwa ANA “rwiza” akenshi ni urutariho cyangwa ruri hasi cyane, bivuze ko ubwirinzi bw’umubiri wawe butari gukora inshinge nyinshi zirwanya selile zawe bwite. Ku bantu benshi bafite ubuzima bwiza, urwego rwa ANA rwa 1:40 cyangwa 1:80 rufatwa nkibisanzwe kandi ntiruteza impungenge ku ndwara y’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri.

Ariko, ibiri bisanzwe birashobora gutandukana gato hagati y’ibigo bitandukanye by’ibizamini n’uburyo bwo gupima. Ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe bifata urwego rugeza kuri 1:160 nkibisanzwe bishoboka, cyane cyane ku bantu bakuze bashobora kwikora urwego ruto rw’izo nshinge batagize indwara iyo ari yo yose.

Ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa ko kugira ikizamini cya ANA kitariho rwose ntigishobora kuguha garanti y’uko utazigera urwara indwara y’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri. Abantu bamwe barwaye indwara y’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri bashobora kugira urwego rwa ANA rutariho cyangwa ruto, cyane cyane mu ntangiriro z’indwara yabo.

Muganga wawe azahora asobanura ibisubizo byawe bya ANA hamwe n’ibimenyetso byawe n’ibindi bisubizo by’ibizamini. Igisubizo “cyiza” kuri wewe ni kimwe gihuye n’isura y’ubuzima bwawe muri rusange kandi gifasha kuyobora ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Ni ibihe bintu bitera urwego rwa ANA rwo hejuru?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kugira urwego rwo hejuru rwa ANA. Kuba umugore ni kimwe mu bintu bikomeye byongera ibyago, kuko abagore bagira indwara ziterwa n’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri inshuro icyenda kurusha abagabo. Iri tandukaniro rishobora kuba rifitanye isano n’uruhare rw’imisemburo ku mikorere y’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri.

Imyaka nayo igira uruhare, hamwe n’indwara nyinshi ziterwa n’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri zigaragara mu gihe cyo kubyara (imyaka ya za 20 kugeza kuri 40). Ariko, abantu bamwe bagira urwego rwo hejuru rwa ANA uko bagenda basaza, ndetse n’iyo badafite indwara zigaragara ziterwa n’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri. Amateka y’umuryango nayo afite akamaro gakomeye, kuko ibintu bya genetike bishobora gutuma ugira indwara ziterwa n’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri.

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe by’ibidukikije bishobora gutera umubiri gukora ANA mu bantu bashobora kwibasirwa. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo indwara ziterwa na virusi, umunaniro ukabije, kwishyira mu zuba, n’imiti imwe n’imwe. Kunywa itabi naho byagiye bifitanye isano n’urwego rwo hejuru rwa zimwe mu ndwara ziterwa n’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri.

Amatsinda amwe n’amwe y’abantu afite urwego rwo hejuru rwa zimwe mu ndwara ziterwa n’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri. Urugero, lupus iboneka kenshi mu baturage b’Abanyamerika b’Abirabura, Abahisipaniya, n’Abashinwa ugereranije n’Abazungu. Ibi byerekana ko inkomoko ya genetike igira uruhare mu byago byo kurwara indwara ziterwa n’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri.

Ese ni byiza kugira urwego rwo hejuru cyangwa rwo hasi rwa ANA?

Ni byiza rwose kugira urwego rwo hasi cyangwa rutarimo ANA. Urwego rwo hasi rutuma umubiri wawe ukora neza kandi ntusagarire imyenda yawe y’umubiri. Ibi byerekana ibyago bike byo kurwara indwara ziterwa n’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri.

Urwego rwo hejuru rwa ANA akenshi rutanga ikimenyetso cy’uko ubwirinzi bw’umubiri wawe bukora cyane kandi bushobora gutera umubiri wawe kubyimba. N’iyo utaragaragaza ibimenyetso, urwego rwo hejuru rushobora kwerekana ko inzira y’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri itangiye cyangwa imaze gukorwa.

Ariko, ni ngombwa kwibuka ko urwego rwo hejuru rwa ANA ntibisobanura buri gihe ko ufite cyangwa uzagira indwara ikomeye y’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri. Abantu bamwe bagumana urwego rwo hejuru imyaka myinshi batigeze bahura n’ibibazo by’ubuzima. Muganga wawe azagenzura urwego rwawe n’ibimenyetso uko iminsi igenda kugira ngo amenye niba hakenerwa kuvurwa.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi ni ugukorana n’umuganga wawe kugira ngo usobanukirwe icyo urwego rwawe rwa ANA rusobanuye ku buzima bwawe bwite. Bashobora kugufasha gusobanura ibisubizo mu rwego rw’ubuzima bwawe muri rusange n’amateka y’umuryango wawe.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishoboka z’urwego rwa ANA ruto?

Kugira urwego rwa ANA ruto cyangwa rutariho ni inkuru nziza muri rusange kandi ntibitera ingaruka. Mubyukuri, urwego ruto rugaragaza ko ubwirinzi bw’umubiri wawe bukora neza kandi butagaba ibitero ku mubiri wawe. Abantu benshi bafite ubuzima bwiza bafite urwego ruto rwa ANA mu buzima bwabo bwose nta kibazo.

Ikibazo gikomeye cyane kijyana n’urwego ruto rwa ANA kibaho iyo umuntu afite ibimenyetso bigaragaza indwara y’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri ariko ibizamini bigasanga nta kibazo. Iyi miterere yitwa indwara y’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri ya

Uduce twa ANA twazamutse dushobora kwerekana indwara nyinshi ziterwa n'umubiri ubwawo zishobora kugira ingaruka ku bice bitandukanye by'umubiri wawe. Lupus ni indwara isanzwe cyane ijyanye n'uduce twa ANA twazamutse, kandi ishobora kugira ingaruka ku ruhu rwawe, ingingo, impyiko, umutima, n'ubwonko uko igihe kigenda kigenda niba itavurwa neza.

Izindi ndwara ziterwa n'umubiri ubwawo zifitanye isano na ANA yazamutse harimo indwara ya Sjögren, ikunda kugira ingaruka ku maso yawe n'amaso, bigatuma amaso n'umunwa byuma. Scleroderma ishobora gutuma uruhu ruzana kandi rushobora kugira ingaruka ku ngingo z'imbere nk'ibihaha byawe n'impyiko.

Abantu bamwe bafite uduce twa ANA twazamutse barwara indwara ivanze y'imitsi ihujwe, ivanga ibintu byinshi by'indwara ziterwa n'umubiri ubwawo. Ibi bishobora gutera kubabara mu ngingo, intege nke z'imitsi, n'ibibazo by'imitsi mu ntoki no mu birenge.

Ni ngombwa kumenya ko kugira uduce twa ANA twazamutse ntibivuze ko uzarwara izo ngorane. Abantu benshi bafite uduce twazamutse ntibagira ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima. Gukurikiranira hafi no kuvura hakiri kare bishobora gukumira cyangwa kugabanya ingorane nyinshi iyo zibayeho.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga kugira ngo nkorwe isuzuma rya ANA?

Ukwiriye kubona umuganga kugira ngo akore isuzuma rya ANA niba urimo guhura n'ibimenyetso bitasobanutse bishobora kwerekana indwara iterwa n'umubiri ubwawo. Ibi bimenyetso birimo kubabara mu ngingo cyangwa kubyimba, cyane cyane mu ngingo nyinshi, umunaniro udasanzwe utagira icyo uhindura n'ikiruhuko, cyangwa ibiheri byo ku ruhu bigaragara nta mpamvu isobanutse.

Ibindi bimenyetso biteye impungenge birimo intege nke z'imitsi, umuriro uhoraho nta ndwara, umusatsi utakara mu duce, cyangwa ibisebe byo mu kanwa bikomeza kugaruka. Niba ufite amateka y'imiryango y'indwara ziterwa n'umubiri ubwawo kandi ukagira kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, birakwiye ko uvugana n'umuganga wawe ku bijyanye n'isuzuma rya ANA.

Ntugategereze gushaka ubufasha bw'abaganga niba ugize ibimenyetso bikomeye nk'ingorane zo guhumeka, kuribwa mu gituza, kubyimba bikomeye mu maguru yawe cyangwa mu maso, cyangwa impinduka zidasanzwe mu mbono yawe. Ibi bishobora kwerekana ingorane zikomeye ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri zisaba isuzuma ryihutirwa.

Niba umaze kugira isuzuma rya ANA ryiza, komeza gahunda yo gusuzumwa buri gihe n'umuganga wawe. Bashobora gukurikirana uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze kandi bagahindura imiti uko bikwiye kugirango ukomeze kumva umeze neza.

Ibikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye n'isuzuma rya ANA

Q.1 Ese isuzuma rya ANA rifasha mu kumenya indwara ya lupus?

Yego, isuzuma rya ANA ni igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu kumenya indwara ya lupus, ariko si ryo ryonyine rikoreshwa. Abantu bagera kuri 95% barwaye lupus bagira ibisubizo byiza bya ANA, bigatuma riba igikoresho cy'ingenzi cyo gupima. Ariko, abantu benshi bafite isuzuma rya ANA ryiza ntibafite lupus.

Umuvuzi wawe azakoresha isuzuma rya ANA hamwe n'izindi suzuma zihariye, ibimenyetso byawe, n'ibyo yasanze mu isuzuma ry'umubiri kugirango amenye indwara ya lupus. Ibindi bisuzuma nk'ubwoko bwa anti-dsDNA cyangwa anti-Smith antibodies bifasha cyane mu kumenya lupus kandi bifasha mu kwemeza icyo cyorezo.

Q.2 Ese urwego rwo hejuru rwa ANA rutera umunaniro?

Urwego rwo hejuru rwa ANA ubwarwo ntirutera umunaniro mu buryo butaziguye. Ariko, indwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri zitera urwego rwo hejuru rwa ANA akenshi zitera umunaniro udashira no kunanirwa. Uyu munaniro akenshi wumvikana mu buryo butandukanye n'umunaniro usanzwe kandi ntugenda neza cyane iyo uruhutse.

Niba ufite urwego rwo hejuru rwa ANA kandi ukagira umunaniro udashira, ni ngombwa gukorana n'umuganga wawe kugirango umenye kandi uvure indwara iyo ariyo yose iterwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Kuvurwa neza bishobora kuzamura cyane imbaraga zawe n'imibereho yawe muri rusange.

Q.3 Ese umunabi ushobora kugira ingaruka ku bisubizo by'isuzuma rya ANA?

Umutwaro wenyine ntusanzwe utera ibisubizo byiza bya ANA, ariko ushobora gutera ibikorwa byo kwivumbura ku bantu basanzwe bafite ibyo bibazo. Umutwaro ukabije wo mu mubiri cyangwa mu mutwe ushobora gutuma indwara zo kwivumbura zikura uko imyaka igenda.

Ariko, umutwaro usanzwe wa buri munsi ntushobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku bisubizo byawe byo gupima ANA. Niba ufite impungenge z'uko umutwaro wagira ingaruka ku bipimo byawe, ganira n'umuganga wawe, ariko ntukerere gupimwa bikwiye kubera impungenge zifitanye isano n'umutwaro.

Q.4 Ese urwego rwa ANA rurazamuka mu gihe cyo gutwita?

Gutwita rimwe na rimwe bishobora kugira ingaruka ku rwego rwa ANA, kandi abagore bamwe bashobora kugira ibisubizo byiza mu gihe cyo gutwita bigasubira mu buryo busanzwe nyuma yaho. Ariko, ibyo ntibisanzwe, kandi abagore benshi batwite bagumana urwego rwa ANA rusanzwe mu gihe cyo gutwita kwabo.

Niba ufite indwara yo kwivumbura izwi, gutwita bisaba gukurikiranwa byihariye kuko indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora kwiyongera mu gihe cyo gutwita cyangwa nyuma yaho. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe bya hafi kugira ngo acunge neza indwara yawe yo kwivumbura n'ukuntu utwite mu buryo butekanye.

Q.5 Ese imiti ishobora gutera ibisubizo byiza bya ANA?

Yego, imiti imwe n'imwe ishobora gutera ibisubizo byiza bya ANA ku bantu bamwe. Ibyo birimo imiti imwe ya antibiyotike, imiti ivura ibibazo byo gufatwa, imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso, n'imiti ivura umutima. Iyo ndwara yitwa lupus iterwa n'imiti kandi isanzwe ikira iyo umuti uhagaritswe.

Buri gihe bwire umuganga wawe ku miti yose n'ibyongerera imbaraga ufata mbere yo gupimisha ANA. Niba hakekwa ko umuti ari wo wateye ikibazo, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba guhagarika umuti (niba byemewe) no kongera gupima urwego rwawe rwa ANA nyuma y'amezi make.