Ni iki cyitwa Barium Enema? Intego, Uburyo & Ibivamo

Barium enema ni isuzuma rya X-ray ry'urura rwawe runini (colon) rikoresha ikintu gitandukanya cyitwa barium sulfate kugirango urukuta rw'amara yawe rugaragare ku ishusho. Iri gerageza rifasha abaganga kureba imiterere, ubunini, n'imiterere ya colon yawe na rectum binyuze mu gusiga urukuta rw'amara amazi y'ibumba agaragara neza kuri X-ray.

Tekereza nk'uko wongeraho itandukaniro ku ifoto - barium ikora nk'ikintu gishimangira gituma byoroha ko muganga wawe amenya impinduka zose cyangwa ibitagenda neza mu nzira yawe yo gutunganya ibiryo. Mugihe ibizamini bishya nka colonoscopy bikoreshwa cyane uyu munsi, barium enemas ikomeza kuba igikoresho cy'ingenzi cyo gupima mubibazo bimwe na bimwe.

Ni iki cyitwa barium enema?

Barium enema ni ikizamini cyihariye cya X-ray kigenzura urura rwawe runini ukoresheje barium sulfate nk'ikintu gitandukanya. Barium ni ikintu gitekanye, gisa n'ibumba ukira unyuze mu tuyunguruzo duto dushyizwe muri rectum yawe.

Mugihe cy'igikorwa, barium isiga urukuta rw'imbere rwa colon yawe, ibituma bigaragara ku mashusho ya X-ray. Ibi bituma muganga wawe areba imiterere n'imiterere y'inzira yawe y'amara neza. Ikizamini mubisanzwe gifata iminota 30 kugeza kuri 60 kandi gikorerwa mu ishami rya radiologiya.

Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwibanze: barium enema imwe ikoresha gusa amazi ya barium, na barium enema ikoresha kabiri (umwuka-itandukaniro) ihuza barium n'umwuka kugirango itange amashusho arambuye y'urukuta rwa colon.

Kuki barium enema ikorwa?

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba barium enema kugirango akore iperereza ku bimenyetso cyangwa akurikirane ibibazo bizwi bikora urura rwawe runini. Iri gerageza rifasha kumenya ibibazo bitandukanye byo gutunganya ibiryo mugihe izindi nzira zitabereye cyangwa zitaboneka.

Impamvu zisanzwe zituma iri geragezwa ritegekwa zirimo impinduka zihoraho mu myifatire y'amara, kubabara mu nda bitasobanutse, cyangwa amaraso mu musarani wawe. Muganga wawe ashobora no kurikoresha kugira ngo akurikirane indwara zifata amara cyangwa arebe niba hari ibibazo byavutse nyuma yo kubagwa amara.

Dore indwara z'ingenzi barium enema ishobora gufasha kumenya:

• Polyps ya Colorectal (ibintu bito bikura ku rukuta rw'amara)
• Ubukana bwa Colorectal cyangwa ibibyimba
• Indwara zifata amara (indwara ya Crohn cyangwa ulcerative colitis)
• Diverticulosis (udupfunyika duto mu rukuta rw'amara)
• Inzitizi z'amara cyangwa kugabanuka kw'amara
• Hernias zifata urura
• Intussusception (iyo igice cy'urura kinyerera mu kindi gice)

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku bimenyetso byawe byihariye, amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi, n'ibindi bintu mugihe afata icyemezo niba iri geragezwa rikugirira akamaro. Rimwe na rimwe bihitwamo mugihe colonoscopy itashoboka cyangwa nk'igikorwa gikurikira izindi nyigo z'amashusho.

Ni iki gikorerwa muri barium enema?

Uburyo bwa barium enema bukorerwa mu ishami rya radiologie ry'ibitaro rifite ibikoresho byihariye bya X-ray. Uzakorana n'umuhanga mu bya radiologie hamwe na radiologiste bazakuyobora mu ntambwe zose z'inzira.

Mbere yuko ikizamini gitangira, uzahindura imyenda y'ibitaro maze uryame ku meza ya X-ray. Umuhanga azakora X-ray yambere y'inda yawe kugirango arebe niba hari inzitizi cyangwa umusarani mwinshi ushobora kubangamira ikizamini.

Ibi nibyo bibaho mugihe cy'inzira:

1. Uzasanzura ku ruhande rwawe mugihe agati gato gasizwe amavuta gashyirwa mu kibuno cyawe
2. Urugero rwa barium rutemba buhoro buhoro mu tuyunguruzo mu mara yawe
3. Uzasabwa guhindura imyanya (uryamye ku mugongo, ku mpande, no mu nda) kugirango bifashe barium gukora mu bice byose
4. Umu radiologiste afata amashusho ya X-ray avuye mu mpande zitandukanye
5. Mugihe cyo kwiga kabiri, umwuka urashyirwamo kugirango wagure amara kugirango aboneke neza
6. Urashobora kumva ububabare cyangwa umuvuduko mugihe amara yawe yuzura, ariko ibi ni ibisanzwe

Uburyo bwose busanzwe bufata iminota 30 kugeza kuri 60. Uzakenera guhagarara mugihe cyo gukoresha X-ray, ariko urashobora guhumeka neza. Itsinda ry'abaganga rizavugana nawe mugihe cyose cyo gukora kandi rizagufasha kumva umeze neza uko bishoboka kose.

Ni gute wakwitegura barium enema yawe?

Kwitegura neza ni ngombwa kuri barium enema yatsinze kuko amara yawe agomba kuba asukuye neza kugirango abone amashusho asobanutse. Muganga wawe azatanga amabwiriza yihariye, ariko kwitegura bikunze gutangira mbere y'igeragezwa ryawe iminsi 1-2.

Igice cyingenzi cyo kwitegura kirimo gukuramo amara yawe rwose. Ibi mubisanzwe bisobanura gukurikiza imirire y'amazi asobanutse no gufata imiti yategetswe cyangwa enemas nkuko byategetswe n'ikipe yawe y'ubuzima.

Kwitegura kwawe birashoboka ko bizakubiyemo izi ntambwe:

• Gukurikiza imirire y'amazi asobanutse mumasaha 12-24 mbere y'igeragezwa
• Gufata imiti yategetswe cyangwa ibisubizo byo kwitegura amara
• Gukoresha enemas nimugoroba cyangwa mugitondo cyo gukora
• Guhagarika imiti imwe ishobora kubangamira igeragezwa
• Kwanga ibicuruzwa by'amata n'ibiryo byuzuye fibre muminsi myinshi
• Kunywa amazi menshi asobanutse kugirango ugume neza

Kora neza uko muganga wawe yakubwiye, kuko kwitegura nabi bishobora gutuma ishusho itagaragara neza, bikaba byasaba ko usubika ikizamini. Niba urwaye diyabete cyangwa ufata imiti igabanya amaraso, ganira ku byo watekereza byihariye n'umuganga wawe.

Ni gute usoma ibisubizo byawe bya barium enema?

Umu radiologiste azasesengura amashusho yawe ya barium enema akohereze raporo irambuye kwa muganga wawe, akenshi mu minsi mike. Muganga wawe azasobanura ibisubizo hanyuma aganire nawe ku byavumbuwe byose mu gihe cyo guhura nawe nyuma y'ikizamini.

Ibisubizo bisanzwe bigaragaza uruhara rufite inkuta zisa neza, zisanzwe kandi nta mikurire idasanzwe, kugabanuka, cyangwa ibiziba. Barium igomba gutembera neza mu mara yawe manini yose, ikarema imiterere isobanutse neza y'imiterere isanzwe y'uruhara.

Ibintu bidasanzwe bishobora kugaragara kuri barium enema yawe birimo:

• Polyps igaragara nk'uduce duto tuzunguruka
• Ibimeme cyangwa ibibyimba bigaragaza imikurire idasanzwe cyangwa ibiziba
• Strictures (kugabanuka) bigaragara nk'uturere dukarishye aho barium itagera neza
• Diverticulosis igaragara nk'uduce duto duturutse ku rukuta rw'uruhara
• Impinduka z'uburwayi zigaragaza nk'ubunini buteye ubwoba bw'inkuta cyangwa ibisebe
• Ibiziba by'amara bigaragara nk'uturere aho barium itashobora kunyura

Wibuke ko igisubizo kidasanzwe kitavuze neza kanseri cyangwa uburwayi bukomeye. Ibintu byinshi ni byiza cyangwa bivurwa byoroshye. Muganga wawe azasobanura icyo ibitagenda neza byose bisobanura ku buzima bwawe kandi agutere inkunga y'intambwe ikurikira.

Ni iki gitera ibyago byo gukenera barium enema?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo gukenera barium enema, nubwo ikizamini ubwacyo muri rusange gifite umutekano ku bantu benshi. Kumva ibyo byago bifasha wowe na muganga wawe gufata ibyemezo bifitiye inyungu ubuzima bwawe bwo mu mara.

Imyaka ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi cyane, kuko ibibazo byo mu mara manini bikunda kwiyongera nyuma y'imyaka 50. Amateka y'umuryango na yo agira uruhare rukomeye, cyane cyane niba abantu bo mu muryango wawe wa hafi baragize kanseri y'urugingo rw'igifu cyangwa indwara yo mu mara.

Dore ibintu by'ingenzi bishobora gutuma ukeneye iri suzuma:

• Kuba ufite imyaka irenga 50
• Amateka y'umuryango arimo kanseri y'urugingo rw'igifu cyangwa polyp
• Amateka yawe bwite arimo indwara yo mu mara
• Ibimenyetso bihoraho byo mu mara nk'amaraso mu musarani cyangwa kuribwa mu nda
• Ibisubizo bitari bisanzwe byabonetse mu isuzuma ryabanje
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe ziterwa n'imiterere y'umubiri zongera ibyago bya kanseri y'urugingo rw'igifu
• Ukunywa itabi igihe kirekire cyangwa gukoresha inzoga nyinshi
• Kurya cyane inyama zitunganyirijwe n'inganda kandi ukarya ibiryo birimo fibre nkeya

Ariko, kugira ibintu byongera ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzakeneye rwose gukoresha ubu buryo bwa barium enema. Muganga wawe azatekereza ku miterere yawe bwite, ibimenyetso, n'ubundi buryo bwo gupima buhari igihe agena ibyo agomba kugusaba.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa na barium enema?

Barium enema ni uburyo busanzwe bukoreshwa kandi budateje ibibazo bikomeye. Abantu benshi bagira ibibazo bito gusa mu gihe cy'isuzuma no nyuma yaryo, kandi ingaruka zikomeye ni gake cyane zibaho.

Ingaruka zikunze kubaho ni iz'igihe gito kandi zishobora kuvurwa. Ushobora kumva wabyimbye, uribwa, cyangwa ukagira ibibazo bito mu nda mu gihe cy'isuzuma igihe urugingo rw'igifu rwaguka hamwe na barium n'umwuka.

Ingaruka zishobora kubaho, nubwo zitabaho kenshi, zishobora kuba zirimo:

• Kugira allergie kuri barium (biragoye cyane kubona)
• Urugingo rw'igifu rurashwanyagurika (gushwanyuka kw'urukuta rw'urugingo rw'igifu) - biragoye cyane ariko bikomeye
• Barium yifata mu mara (barium ikomeye yugara urugingo rw'igifu) - biragoye
• Ukwuma bitewe n'imiti itegura urugingo rw'igifu
• Kuguma mu musarani igihe gito nyuma y'isuzuma
• Amara mato ava mu kibuno cyangwa kuribwa
• Imikorere mibi y'amazi n'imyunyu ngugu biturutse ku miti itegura

Ibyago byo kugira ibibazo bikomeye ni bike cyane, birenze 1 kuri 1,000 mu buryo bwo kuvura. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rigukurikiranira hafi mu gihe cy'igeragezwa kandi ryiteguye guhangana n'ikibazo icyo aricyo cyose gishobora kuvuka. Abantu benshi boroherwa n'uburyo bwo kuvura kandi bagasubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe umunsi umwe.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga ku bijyanye n'ibisubizo bya barium enema?

Ugomba kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ubonye ibimenyetso bibangamiye nyuma ya barium enema yawe cyangwa niba ufite ibibazo ku bijyanye n'ibisubizo byawe. Nubwo abantu benshi bakira vuba, ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'ubuvuzi.

Nyuma y'uburyo bwo kuvura, ni ibisanzwe kugira imyanda yera cyangwa ifite ibara ryoroheje mu minsi mike kuko barium iva mu mubiri wawe. Kunywa amazi menshi bifasha gukuramo barium no kwirinda kubabara mu nda.

Vugana na muganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye:

• Uburibwe bukomeye mu nda cyangwa kwikurura
• Ibimenyetso byo kwandura nk'umuriro cyangwa guhinda umushyitsi
• Urugimbu rudahagarara cyangwa kuruka
• Kudashobora guca umwuka cyangwa kugira imyanda
• Amara ava mu mpande z'inyuma y'umubiri arenze ibitonyanga byoroheje
• Ibimenyetso byo kumagara nk'isazi cyangwa inyota ikabije
• Urugero rukomeye rw'uburwayi bw'umubiri nk'ingorane zo guhumeka cyangwa kubyimba

Ku bijyanye n'ibisubizo byawe by'igeragezwa, kurikirana na muganga wawe nk'uko byateganyijwe kabone niyo wumva umeze neza. Niba hari ibitagenda neza byagaragaye, muganga wawe azasobanura icyo bisobanuye kandi aganire ku bindi bigeragezo cyangwa ubuvuzi bushobora kuba bukenewe.

Ibikunze kubazwa kuri barium enema

Q.1 Ese igeragezwa rya barium enema rifite akamaro mu kumenya kanseri y'urura runini?

Barium enema irashobora kumenya kanseri nyinshi z'urura runini, ariko ntirifatwa nk'uburyo bwiza bwo gupima buri munsi. Nubwo ishobora kugaragaza ibibyimba, polyps, n'ibindi bitagenda neza, ntigira ubushishozi burenze colonoscopy mu gushaka polyps ntoya cyangwa kanseri zo mu ntangiriro.

Colonoscopy ikiri igipimo cyiza cyo gupima kanseri y'urura kuko ituma umuntu abona ibibazo ako kanya kandi agahita akuraho polyp. Ariko, barium enemas iracyakoreshwa igihe colonoscopy itashoboka cyangwa nk'ikurikira izindi igeragezwa.

Q.2 Ese barium iguma mu mubiri wawe nyuma y'igeragezwa?

Barium isanzwe iva mu mubiri wawe nyuma y'iminsi 2-3 nyuma y'igikorwa. Uzabona imyanda yera cyangwa ifite ibara ryoroheje igihe barium inyura mu nzira yawe yo mu gifu, ibyo ni ibisanzwe.

Kunywa amazi menshi nyuma y'igeragezwa bifasha gusukura barium kandi bikarinda ko ituma iguma mu mara yawe. Abantu benshi basohora barium yose mu buryo busanzwe nta kibazo.

Q.3 Mbese nshobora kurya bisanzwe nyuma ya barium enema?

Yego, mubisanzwe urashobora gusubukura kurya bisanzwe ako kanya nyuma ya barium enema yawe. Ariko, tangira kurya ibiryo byoroheje n'amazi menshi kugirango bifashe sisitemu yawe yo mu gifu gukira kuva mu myiteguro no mu bikorwa.

Shyira imbaraga mu kunywa amazi no kurya ibiryo birimo fibre nyinshi kugirango bifashe gukura barium isigaye mu mubiri wawe. Irinde kurya ibiryo biremereye, birimo amavuta muminsi ya mbere igihe umubiri wawe wongera kumenyera igogora risanzwe.

Q.4 Ni gute barium enema ikora neza ugereranije na colonoscopy?

Barium enemas ntizikora neza nka colonoscopy mu kumenya polyp ntoya na kanseri zo mu ntangiriro. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko barium enemas zibura hafi 15-20% ya polyp zikomeye colonoscopy yashobora kubona.

Ariko, barium enemas iracyari ibikoresho byiza byo gupima, cyane cyane mu kumenya ibibazo binini, ibitagenda neza mu miterere, n'indwara zifata umubiri. Guhitamo hagati y'ibizamini biterwa n'icyo ukeneye n'ibyo umubiri wawe ukeneye.

Q.5 Mbese hari izindi nzira zishobora gusimbura barium enema?

Yego, hari izindi nzira nyinshi zihari bitewe n'icyo muganga wawe akeneye gupima. Colonoscopy ni yo nzira isanzwe kandi itanga ubushobozi bwo gupima no kuvura kuko polyp zishobora gukurwaho mu gihe cy'igikorwa.

Izindi nzira zirimo CT colonography (virtual colonoscopy), flexible sigmoidoscopy, n'ibizamini bishya bishingiye ku musarani. Muganga wawe azagusaba inzira nziza bitewe n'ibimenyetso byawe, ibyago byawe, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.