Ni iki cyo gupima ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere? Intego, Urwego/Uburyo & Ibisubizo

Gupima ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere ni isuzuma ryimbitse rifasha kumenya amahirwe yawe bwite yo kurwara kanseri y'ibere mu buzima bwawe bwose. Bitekereze nk'ifoto y'ubuzima irambuye ihuriza hamwe amateka yawe y'umuryango, amateka yawe bwite y'ubuvuzi, n'imibereho yawe kugira ngo habe ishusho isobanutse y'ibibazo byawe bwite.

Iri suzuma ntirigamije kumenya ejo hazaza neza. Ahubwo, ni igikoresho cy'agaciro kaguha imbaraga wowe n'ikipe yawe y'ubuzima kugira ngo mufate ibyemezo bifitiye akamaro ku bijyanye n'igihe cyo gupima, ingamba zo gukumira, n'ubuzima bushobora kugirira akamaro ubuzima bwawe burambye.

Ni iki gupima ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere?

Gupima ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere ni uburyo buhoraho aho abaganga basuzuma ibintu byinshi kugira ngo bagerageze amahirwe yawe yo kurwara kanseri y'ibere. Isuzuma mubisanzwe ritanga ijanisha ryerekana ibyago byawe mu gihe runaka, nk'imyaka itanu iri imbere cyangwa ubuzima bwawe bwose.

Abaganga bakoresha uburyo bwa mudeli ya matematiki yemejwe n'ibibazo kugira ngo babare ibyo byago. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane harimo Gail Model, Tyrer-Cuzick model, na BRCAPRO, buri kimwe cyagenewe kwita ku bintu bitandukanye by'ibibazo n'amateka y'umuryango.

Isuzuma ryawe ry'ibibazo rikora nk'intangiriro y'ibyemezo by'ubuzima bwite. Bifasha muganga wawe gutanga inama zikwiye zo gupima, kuganira ku buryo bwo gukumira, no kumenya niba wungukirwa no kugisha inama cyangwa gupimwa.

Kuki gupima ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere bikorwa?

Intego nyamukuru yo gupima ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere ni ukugena uburyo bwawe bw'ubuzima bushingiye ku bibazo byawe bwite. Aho gukurikiza uburyo bumwe bukoreshwa kuri bose, iri suzuma rituma ikipe yawe y'ubuzima itegura inama zigenewe wowe.

Ku bagore bafite ibyago bisanzwe, isuzuma rirahamya ko amabwiriza asanzwe yo gupima akwiriye. Ariko, ku bafite ibyago byinshi, bishobora gutuma bapimwa kare cyangwa kenshi, gukoresha uburyo bwo kwifashisha amashusho nka MRI y'ibere, cyangwa ibiganiro ku miti igabanya ibyago.

Isuzuma rifasha kandi kumenya abagore bashobora kungukirwa no kuganirizwa ku bijyanye n'umurage wa genetike. Niba amateka y'umuryango wawe agaragaza indwara z'umubiri ziterwa n'umurage wa kanseri y'ibere, umuganga wawe ashobora kukwohereza ku bahanga bashobora kuganira ku buryo bwo gupima genetike n'ingaruka zabyo.

Byongeye kandi, kumenya urwego rw'ibyago byawe bishobora gutera impinduka nziza mu mibereho. Iyo uzi uko ibintu nk'imicungire y'ibiro, kunywa inzoga, n'imyitozo ngororamubiri bigira uruhare mu byago byawe, urushaho kuba ufite ubushobozi bwo gufata ibyemezo byiza ku buzima.

Ni iki gikurikizwa mu isuzuma ry'ibyago bya kanseri y'ibere?

Uburyo bwo gusuzuma ibyago bya kanseri y'ibere akenshi butangirana n'ikiganiro kirambuye n'umuganga wawe. Muzaganira ku mateka yawe bwite y'ubuvuzi, harimo n'ibizamini by'ibere byabayeho mbere, gukoresha imisemburo, n'amateka y'imyororokere nk'imyaka wagiyeho imihango ya mbere n'igihe wabyariye.

Umuvuzi wawe azakusanya amakuru yuzuye ku mateka y'umuryango wawe. Ibi ntibigizwe gusa n'abantu barwaye kanseri y'ibere, ahubwo na kanseri y'intanga ngore, kanseri y'ibere mu bagabo, n'izindi kanseri zifitanye isano mu bafitanye isano nawe ku ruhande rwa nyoko na so. Imyaka umuntu yagaragarijweho iyi ndwara n'imyaka afite ubu cyangwa imyaka yapfiriyeho abagize umuryango barwaye ni ibisobanuro by'ingenzi.

Nyuma, umuganga wawe azashyira aya makuru mu gikoresho kimwe cyangwa byinshi byo gusuzuma ibyago. Izi modero za matematike zitunganya amakuru yawe kandi zigatanga imibare y'ibyago. Kubara akenshi bifata iminota mike gusa, kandi umuganga wawe akenshi ashobora gusangiza ibisubizo by'ibanze mu gihe kimwe cyo gusura.

Isuzuma rimwe na rimwe rishobora gushingira ku isuzuma rito ry'umubiri ryibanda ku gipimo cy'umubiri w'ibere n'udushwi cyangwa impinduka zihari. Umuganga wawe ashobora kandi gusuzuma mammogram z'ubu cyangwa izindi nyigo z'amashusho kugira ngo ashyiremo amakuru y'ubuzima bw'ibere bw'ubu.

Intambwe ya nyuma irimo kuganira ku ngaruka zawe n'ingaruka zazo. Umuganga wawe azasobanura icyo imibare y'ibibazo byawe isobanura mu buryo bufatika n'uko bigereranwa n'ibibazo bisanzwe by'abaturage.

Ni gute wakitegura isuzuma ry'ibibazo bya kanseri y'ibere?

Kutegura isuzuma ry'ibibazo bya kanseri y'ibere bikubiyemo gukusanya amakuru arambuye yerekeye amateka yawe bwite n'ay'umuryango. Tangira ukora igiti cy'umuryango kirimo indwara ya kanseri, imyaka yo gusuzumwa, n'imyaka y'ubu cyangwa imyaka yapfuye ku bafitanye isano ku mpande zombi z'umuryango wawe.

Kusanya amakuru yerekeye amateka yawe bwite y'ubuvuzi, harimo amatariki ya biopsy y'ibere, ibisubizo by'amashusho y'ibere yabanje, n'ibisobanuro byerekeye imikoreshereze ya hormone nka pilule zo kuboneza urubyaro cyangwa ubuvuzi bwo gusimbuza hormone. Niba warabyaye abana, andika imyaka wabyariyeho niba waronsa.

Andika amakuru yerekeye amateka yawe yo kubyara, harimo imyaka watangiriyeho imihango, niba bishoboka, igihe winjiye muri menopause. Ibi bintu bigira uruhare runini mu kubara ibibazo byawe, bityo amatariki nyayo aragufasha.

Tekereza kuvugana n'abo mu muryango mbere yo guhura nawe kugira ngo wemeze indwara ya kanseri n'imyaka. Rimwe na rimwe inkuru z'umuryango zerekeye kanseri zirashobora kuba zituzuye, kandi kubona amakuru nyayo byongera icyizere cy'isuzuma.

Tegura urutonde rw'ibibazo ushaka kuganiraho n'umuganga wawe. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo ibibazo bijyanye n'ibitekerezo byo gupima, impinduka z'imibereho, cyangwa icyo urwego rwawe rw'ibibazo rusobanura ku bo mu muryango wawe.

Ni gute usoma isuzuma ry'ibibazo bya kanseri y'ibere?

Ibyavuye mu isuzuma ry'uko waba ufite kanseri y'ibere bikunze kwerekwa mu buryo bw'imibare y'ijanisha ryerekana amahirwe ufite yo kurwara kanseri y'ibere mu gihe runaka. Ibyago byo kurwara mu myaka itanu bivuze amahirwe ufite yo kurwara kanseri y'ibere mu myaka itanu iri imbere, naho ibyago byo kurwara mu buzima bwawe bwose bishobora kugaragaza amahirwe ufite uhereye ubu kugeza ku myaka 90.

Kugira ngo usobanukirwe neza iyi mibare, umugore usanzwe afite amahirwe angana na 12% yo kurwara kanseri y'ibere mu buzima bwe bwose. Niba isuzuma ryawe ryerekana ko ufite amahirwe angana na 15% yo kurwara mu buzima bwawe bwose, bivuze ko ufite amahirwe arenze ay'abandi, ariko biracyari bike ugereranyije.

Ibyiciro by'ibigo bifasha gusobanukirwa neza iyi mibare. Muri rusange, abagore bafite amahirwe atarenga 15% yo kurwara mu buzima bwabo bwose bafatwa nk'abafite ibyago bisanzwe, abafite 15-20% bafite ibyago byiyongereye, naho abafite hejuru ya 20% bafite ibyago byinshi. Ariko, ibi byiciro bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'igikoresho cyakoreshejwe mu isuzuma.

Ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa ko iyi mibare y'ijanisha yerekana amahirwe, atari ukuri kwizewe. Ibyago byo kurwara mu buzima bwose bingana na 20% bivuze ko mu bagore 100 bafite ibintu byongera ibyago bisa, abagore 20 nibo bazafatwa na kanseri y'ibere naho 80 ntibazayirwara. Ibyo bizakubaho ku giti cyawe ntibihinduka bitewe n'urwego rw'ibigo ufite.

Isuzuma rimwe na rimwe ritanga n'amakuru yerekeye ibintu byongera ibyago byihariye bifasha cyane mu gutuma ugira ibyago byinshi muri rusange. Ibi bifasha gusobanukirwa neza ibintu ushobora guhindura binyuze mu guhindura imibereho cyangwa mu buvuzi.

Ni gute wakemura urwego rw'ibigo byawe byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere?

Gukemura ibyago byawe byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere biterwa ahanini n'urwego rw'ibigo byawe ku giti cyawe n'ibyo ukunda. Ku bagore bafite ibyago bisanzwe, gukurikiza amabwiriza asanzwe yo gupima hamwe na mammogram buri mwaka guhera ku myaka 40 cyangwa 50 (bitewe n'amabwiriza akurikizwa) bikunze guhagije.

Niba isuzuma ryawe ryerekana ko umuntu afite ibyago byiyongereyeho gato, umuganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gutangira gukoresha mammogram mbere cyangwa ukajya uyikoresha kenshi. Abagore bamwe bari muri iki cyiciro bashobora kungukirwa n'ubundi buryo bwo gupima nka MRI y'ibere cyangwa ultrasound yunganira, cyane cyane niba bafite ibere rifite umubyimba mwinshi.

Ku bafite ibyago byinshi, uburyo bwo gupima bukoreshwa cyane. Ibi bishobora kuba bikubiyemo guhererekanya mammogram na MRI y'ibere buri mezi atandatu, gutangira gupima bakiri bato, cyangwa gutekereza ku miti yo gukumira nka tamoxifen cyangwa raloxifene.

Impinduka mu mibereho zirashobora gufasha kugabanya ibyago bitewe n'urwego rwawe rwo hasi. Kugumana uburemere buzima, kugabanya kunywa inzoga, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe, no kwirinda gukoresha imisemburo idakenewe byose bigira uruhare mu kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere.

Abagore bafite ibyago byinshi cyane bashobora gutekereza ku ngamba zikomeye zo gukumira, harimo kubaga kugirango bakuremo ibice by'ibere cyangwa intanga. Izi myanzuro zisaba gutekereza neza no kuganira n'inzobere zishobora gufasha gupima inyungu n'ibyago bya buri kimwe.

Ni uruhe rwego rwiza rwo kurwara kanseri y'ibere?

Nta rwego rumwe rwo

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane ni ukugira urwego rw'ibibazo ruzwi neza kandi rusesengurwa neza na wowe ndetse n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi. Uku kuri gutuma habaho ubuvuzi bwihariye butaba ubukabije cyangwa ubworoheje ku miterere yawe.

Wibuke ko urwego rw'ibibazo rushobora guhinduka uko imyaka yicuma, ukagira ibibazo mu buzima nk'inda cyangwa imihagariko, cyangwa uko amakuru mashya y'amateka y'umuryango aboneka. Gusuzuma buri gihe bituma gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi ikomeza kuba ikwiriye ku rwego rw'ibibazo byawe by'ubu.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibibazo byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere?

Gusobanukirwa ibintu bituma habaho ibibazo byinshi byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere bifasha gusobanura impamvu abagore bamwe bahabwa isuzuma ry'ibibazo byiyongereye. Ibi bintu bigabanuka mu byiciro byinshi, bimwe muri byo ushobora kugira uruhare, n'ibindi bitagira icyo ubikoraho.

Impamvu zishingiye ku bintu bya genetike zigira uruhare runini mu bibazo byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere. Kugira amateka akomeye y'umuryango wo kurwara kanseri y'ibere cyangwa iy'intara, cyane cyane mu bantu ba mbere nka ba nyina, bashiki, cyangwa abakobwa, byongera cyane ibibazo byawe. Guhinduka kw'imirasire runaka, nka BRCA1 na BRCA2, bishobora kuzamura cyane ibibazo byo mu buzima bwose kuva kuri 45-85%.

Amateka y'ubuvuzi bwite agira uruhare runini mu kubara ibibazo. Kubaga ibere mbere byerekana hyperplasia idasanzwe, lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), cyangwa izindi ndwara zifite ibibazo byinshi byongera amahirwe yo kurwara kanseri y'ibere yinjira. Igice cy'ibere gifite ubucucike, kigaragara nk'umweru kuri mammograms, na cyo gituma habaho ibibazo byinshi.

Impamvu z'imyororokere n'imisemburo zigira uruhare mu bibazo binyuze mu kugaragaza estrogen mu buzima bwawe bwose. Gutangira imihango mbere y'imyaka 12, kwinjira mu gihe cy'imihagariko nyuma y'imyaka 55, kubyara umwana wawe wa mbere nyuma y'imyaka 30, cyangwa kutagira abana na rimwe byose bituma habaho ibibazo byiyongera. Gukoresha imiti yongera imisemburo igihe kirekire nabyo byongera ibibazo.

Ibintu by'ubuzima ushobora guhindura harimo kugumana ibiro byinshi, cyane cyane nyuma yo gucura, kunywa inzoga buri gihe, no kubaho ubuzima butagira imyitozo ngororamubiri. Ibi bintu bishobora kugaragara nk'ibifite ingaruka nto ku giti cyabo, ariko bishobora kwegerana bigahindura cyane uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze.

Ibintu bidasanzwe ariko by'ingenzi bishobora gutera ibi byorezo harimo imiti y'imirasire yakoreshejwe mu gatuza, cyane cyane mu bwana cyangwa mu busore, n'indwara zimwe na zimwe ziterwa n'imiryango itari BRCA, nka syndrome ya Li-Fraumeni cyangwa syndrome ya Cowden.

Mbese ni byiza kugira ibyago byinshi cyangwa bike byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere?

Gugira ibyago bike byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere ni byiza muri rusange, ariko ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukugira isuzuma ry'ukuri ry'ibyago riyobora uburyo bwiza bwo kwitabwaho. Isuzuma ry'ibyago bike ritanga umutuzo kandi akenshi risaba isuzuma ritagira ingufu nyinshi n'ibikorwa bike.

Ariko, hari inyungu zo kumenya ko ufite ibyago byinshi. Abagore bafite ibyago byinshi akenshi bahabwa ubuvuzi bwitondewe, harimo no gukoresha uburyo bwo gusuzuma neza bushobora kumenya kanseri hakiri kare igihe ivurwa neza. Bafite kandi uburyo bwo gukoresha uburyo bwo kwirinda bushobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byabo.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni uko urwego rw'ibyago byawe rugomba kuba ruri ku murongo kandi rushingiye ku makuru yuzuye. Ibyago byasuzumwe nabi bishobora gutuma habaho isuzuma ridahagije, mu gihe ibyago byasuzumwe cyane bishobora gutera impungenge n'ibikorwa bitari ngombwa.

Icy'ingenzi ni uburyo wowe n'ikipe yawe y'ubuzima mukora ku isuzuma ry'ibyago byawe. Niba ibyago byawe ari byinshi cyangwa bike, kugira ibisobanuro birambuye bituma ufata ibyemezo bifitiye akamaro ku bijyanye no gusuzuma, kwirinda, no guhitamo uburyo bwo kubaho bufasha ubuzima bwawe bw'igihe kirekire.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa no gusuzuma ibyago bike byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere?

Kugira isuzuma rito ry’ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y’ibere muri rusange birashimisha, ariko rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutuma umuntu yumva yizeye cyane. Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyane ni uko abagore bafite isuzuma rito ry’ibyago bashobora kutagira ubushishozi ku buzima bw’ibere, bikaba bishobora gutuma batinda gukorerwa isuzuma risanzwe cyangwa bakirengagiza ibimenyetso bibahangayikishije.

Isuzuma rito ry’ibyago rishingiye ku makuru ahari ubu n’imibare, bitunganye neza. Ibigereranyo byawe bishobora guhinduka uko imyaka igenda yiyongera, kubera amakuru mashya y’amateka y’umuryango, cyangwa kwiyongera kw’izindi ndwara. Kwishingikiriza cyane ku isuzuma rito ry’ibyago rishaje bishobora gutuma habaho gahunda zitari zo zo gukorerwa isuzuma.

Rimwe na rimwe, isuzuma rito ry’ibyago rishobora kunanirwa kumenya ibintu by’ingenzi. Niba amakuru y’amateka y’umuryango atuzuye cyangwa atari yo, cyangwa niba ibintu bimwe na bimwe byo mu buryo bwa genetike bititabwaho, isuzuma rishobora gupfobya ibyago byawe by’ukuri. Ibi bishobora gutuma habaho isuzuma ritajyanye n’ubushishozi igihe byaba bifite akamaro.

Hariho kandi n’uko kwibanda gusa ku byago byo kurwara kanseri y’ibere bishobora gutuma ibindi bibazo by’ubuzima by’ingenzi bititabwaho. Nubwo ibyago bito byo kurwara kanseri y’ibere bishimisha, ni ngombwa gukomeza kwita ku buzima muri rusange, harimo n’izindi kanseri zikorerwa isuzuma ndetse n’ubuzima bw’imitsi y’umutima.

Byongeye kandi, abagore bamwe bafite isuzuma rito ry’ibyago bashobora kwirengagiza ibimenyetso bibahangayikishije, batekereza ko ibyago byabo bito bivuze ko batashobora kurwara kanseri y’ibere. Impinduka zose nshya ziboneka ku ibere zigomba gusuzumwa vuba na bwangu, hatitawe ku rwego rw’ibyago.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa n’isuzuma ry’ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri y’ibere?

Kumenya ko ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri y’ibere bishobora kugora mu buryo bw’amarangamutima kandi bishobora gutera impungenge zikomeye cyangwa agahinda. Abagore bamwe bahura n’ingorane zo gusinzira, guhora bahangayika ku bijyanye no kurwara kanseri, cyangwa ubwoba bugira ingaruka ku mikorere yabo ya buri munsi n’imibereho myiza.

Isuzuma ry'ibibazo bikomeye rimwe na rimwe rituma habaho gupima cyane cyangwa gukoresha imiti itari ngombwa. Nubwo gupima cyane bishobora kugira akamaro, gupima cyane bishobora gutuma habaho ibisubizo bitari byo, gukora ibizamini byinshi, no kongera impungenge bitagize icyo byongera ku buzima.

Hariho kandi ibyago byo gufata ibyemezo byihuse ku bijyanye n'ingamba zo gukumira. Abagore bamwe bashobora kumva ko bahatiwe gukoresha imiti ikaze nk'ubuganga bwo gukumira mbere yo gusobanukirwa neza amahitamo yabo cyangwa gushaka ibitekerezo bya kabiri ku baganga b'inzobere.

Ingaruka z'ubwishingizi zirashobora guhangayikisha abagore bamwe. Nubwo ivangura rishingiye ku bisekuruza ritemewe mu turere twinshi, abagore bamwe bahangayikishwa n'ingaruka zishobora kugira ku bwishingizi bw'ubuzima cyangwa ubwishingizi bw'ubumuga bushingiye ku rwego rw'ibibazo byabo.

Umubano mu muryango urashobora kuzamo ibibazo iyo isuzuma ry'ibibazo bikomeye ryerekana amakuru yerekeye indwara z'umuryango ziterwa na kanseri. Ibi bishobora guteza umutima mubi, gushinja, cyangwa impungenge mu bagize umuryango, cyane cyane niba ibizamini by'ibisekuruza byerekana impinduka zifite ingaruka ku bantu benshi bo mu muryango.

Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko abagore benshi bafite isuzuma ry'ibibazo bikomeye babaho ubuzima busanzwe, bwiza. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ugukorana n'ikipe yawe y'ubuzima kugira ngo ukore gahunda yo gucunga ibibazo yumvikana neza kuri wowe kandi itange uburinganire bukwiye hagati yo kwitondera no kugira ubuzima bwiza.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga kugira ngo asuzume ibyago bya kanseri y'ibere?

Ukwiye gutekereza gusaba isuzuma ry'ibibazo bya kanseri y'ibere niba ufite amateka y'umuryango wa kanseri y'ibere cyangwa ya ovari, cyane cyane niba abantu benshi bo mu muryango barwaye cyangwa niba kanseri yabaye ku myaka mito. Ibi bikubiyemo kanseri mu bafitanye isano na nyoko na so, kuko indwara ziterwa na kanseri zishobora kuva ku ruhande urwo arirwo rwose rw'umuryango.

Ibintu byerekeye amateka y'ubuzima bwite na byo bikwiye gusuzumwa ku bijyanye n'ibibazo by'ubuzima. Niba waragize ibizamini byo mu ibere byagaragaje ibibazo bikomeye, ukabwirwa ko ufite imitsi yo mu ibere ikomeye cyane, cyangwa ufite izindi ndwara zishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara, kuganira n'umuganga wawe ku birebana n'isuzuma birakwiye.

Ibitekerezo bijyanye n'imyaka bituma isuzuma ry'ibibazo by'ubuzima rifite agaciro mu bihe runaka by'ubuzima. Abagore benshi bungukira mu isuzuma ry'ibanze ry'ibibazo by'ubuzima mu myaka ya za mirongo itatu cyangwa mirongo ine, cyane cyane niba bateganya gushinga imiryango cyangwa bafata ibyemezo byo gukoresha imisemburo yo kuboneza urubyaro cyangwa izindi mpamvu z'ubuvuzi.

Impinduka zikomeye mu buzima zishobora gutera kongera gusuzuma. Ibi birimo kumenya indwara nshya ya kanseri mu muryango, kugera mu gihe cyo gucura, cyangwa igihe isuzuma ryabanje rimaze imyaka myinshi kandi rishobora kuba ritakigaragaza ibyago byawe by'ubu.

Niba ufite impungenge ku bijyanye n'ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere cyangwa udashidikanya ku bijyanye n'igihe cyo gukora isuzuma, isuzuma ryemewe ry'ibibazo by'ubuzima rishobora gutanga umucyo n'umutuzo. Rimwe na rimwe, kugira imibare ifatika n'ibiganiro bifite isuku n'umuganga wawe bifasha gukemura impungenge neza kurusha ukwizeza rusange.

Byongeye kandi, niba utekereza ingamba zo gukumira nko gukoresha imiti igabanya ibyago cyangwa kongera gahunda zo gupima, isuzuma ryuzuye ry'ibibazo by'ubuzima ritanga ishingiro ryo gufata ibyemezo bifitiye akamaro ku bijyanye n'ibi bikorwa.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye n'isuzuma ry'ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere

Q.1 Ese isuzuma ry'ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere ni ryiza mu gupima kanseri irangwa mu muryango?

Isuzuma ry'ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere ni intangiriro nziza yo gupima kanseri irangwa mu muryango, ariko si ishusho yuzuye. Iri suzuma rifasha kumenya abagore bashobora kungukira mu kuganirizwa no gupimwa ibijyanye n'imiterere y'uturemangingo, ariko ntirisimbura gupimwa nyako kw'imiterere y'uturemangingo igihe hakekwa indwara ya kanseri irangwa mu muryango.

Ibikoresho byo gupima ibyago bifasha cyane mu kugaragaza uko indwara zikwirakwira mu muryango zishobora gutuma umuntu arwara kanseri. Niba isuzuma ryawe ryerekana ibyago byinshi bishingiye cyane cyane ku mateka y'umuryango, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba kujya inama ku bijyanye n'imiterere ya za jeni kugira ngo baganire niba ibizamini bya za jeni bikwiriye kuri wowe.

Q.2 Ese isuzuma ry'ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere ritera impungenge?

Isuzuma ry'ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere rishobora rwose gutera impungenge, kandi iki ni igisubizo gisanzwe cyane cyane iyo umuntu amenye ibyerekeye ibyago byiyongereye byo kurwara. Abagore benshi bagira agahinda mu ntangiriro iyo bamenye ko urwego rw'ibyago byabo ruri hejuru y'urundi, kandi ibi byiyumvo ni byiza kandi birumvikana.

Ariko, abagore benshi basanga impungenge zabo zigabanuka uko igihe kigenda gihita uko bagenda bakora gahunda isobanutse yo gucunga ibyago byabo. Gukorana n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi kugira ngo ukore uburyo bwo gupima no gukumira bwihariye akenshi bifasha guhindura impungenge mu kumva ko ufite imbaraga no kugenzura ubuzima bwawe.

Q.3 Ni kangahe isuzuma ry'ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere rigomba kuvugururwa?

Isuzuma ry'ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere akenshi rigomba kuvugururwa buri myaka 3-5, cyangwa igihe cyose impinduka zikomeye zibaye mu mateka yawe bwite cyangwa mu muryango. Uko ugenda usaza, ibyago byawe byiyongera mu buryo busanzwe, kandi amakuru mashya yerekeye ubuzima bw'abo mu muryango ashobora kugira uruhare runini mu kubara ibyago byawe.

Ibyabaye bikomeye mu buzima nk'inda, guhagarara kw'imihango, cyangwa gusuzumwa kwa kanseri mu bagize umuryango ni impamvu nziza zo gusaba isuzuma rivugururwa. Byongeye kandi, niba ibikoresho bishya byo gupima ibyago bibonetse cyangwa niba muganga wawe asaba gusuzuma bundi bushya, kuvugurura isuzuma ryawe bituma uburyo bwo kukwitaho bukomeza kuba bukwiye urwego rw'ibyago byawe ubu.

Q.4 Ese impinduka z'imibereho zishobora kugabanya amanota yanjye yo gupima ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere?

Yego, impinduka zimwe na zimwe mu mibereho yawe zishobora kugira uruhare rwiza ku kaga ko kurwara kanseri y'ibere, nubwo urugero rw'ingaruka rutandukana bitewe n'ibintu byawe by'umwihariko bigushyira mu kaga. Kugumana ubuzima bwiza, kugabanya kunywa inzoga, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, no kwirinda gukoresha imisemburo idakenewe byose bishobora kugira uruhare mu kugabanya ibyago.

Ariko, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa ko ibintu by'imibereho mubisanzwe bigira ingaruka nto ku mibare y'ibyago muri rusange, cyane cyane niba ibyago byawe byiyongereye ahanini biterwa n'ibintu bya genetike cyangwa amateka akomeye y'umuryango. Nubwo impinduka z'imibereho zifitiye akamaro ubuzima muri rusange kandi zishobora kugabanya ibyago, ntizishobora guhindura cyane ibisubizo byawe byo gusuzuma.

Q.5 Ese isuzuma ry'ibyago bya kanseri y'ibere rirakora neza ku moko yose?

Ibikoresho byo gusuzuma ibyago bya kanseri y'ibere bifite imbogamizi iyo bigeze ku gukora neza mu moko atandukanye. Ingero zikoreshwa cyane zakozwe hakoreshejwe amakuru avuye cyane cyane mu baturage b'Abazungu, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere yabo ku bagore bo mu yandi moko.

Ariko, ibikoresho bishya byo gusuzuma birimo gukorwa no kwemezwa ku baturage batandukanye. Umuganga wawe ashobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa uburyo inkomoko yawe y'ubwoko bushobora kugira uruhare mu gukora neza isuzuma ry'ibyago byawe niba hari izindi mpamvu cyangwa uburyo bwo gusuzuma bushobora kuba bukwiye kubera uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.