Ni iki cyo kubaka ibere hifashishijwe kubaga uruhu? Intego, Uburyo & Ibivamo

Kubaka ibere hifashishijwe kubaga uruhu ni uburyo bwo kongera kubaka ibere ryawe ukoresheje uruhu rwawe rwo mu kindi gice cy'umubiri wawe. Bitekereze nk'uko wimurira uruhu ruzima ruva ahantu nk'inda yawe, umugongo, cyangwa ikibero kugira ngo ukore ishusho nshya y'ibere isa kandi yumvikana neza kurusha gusa ibikoresho byo mu nganda.

Ubu buryo butanga igisubizo kirambye kuko bukoresha uruhu rwawe ruzima. Ibere ryubatswe risaza hamwe nawe kandi akenshi ritanga imyumvire yoroshye, isanzwe ugereranije n'ibikoresho byo mu nganda bya sintetike.

Ni iki cyo kubaka ibere hifashishijwe kubaga uruhu?

Kubaga uruhu byimurira uruhu ruzima, urugimbu, uruhu, rimwe na rimwe n'imitsi kuva mu gice kimwe cy'umubiri wawe kugira ngo wongere kubaka ibere ryawe. Umuganga ubaga yimurira neza uru ruhu akomeza gutuma amaraso yaryo akora neza cyangwa arikoresha mu kongera guhuza imitsi y'amaraso mu gatuza kawe.

Hariho ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo kubaga uruhu. Uruhu rwa pedicled ruguma ruhujwe n'imitsi y'amaraso yabo y'umwimerere kandi rushyirwa munsi y'uruhu rwawe rugana mu gice cy'ibere. Uruhu rw'ubuntu ruvanwaho rwose hanyuma rugahuzwa n'imitsi mishya y'amaraso hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kubaga bwa microsurgery.

Aho hakunze gukoreshwa harimo inda yawe, umugongo, amaguru, n'ibibero. Umuganga ubaga azahitamo ahantu heza hashingiye ku gice cy'umubiri wawe, kubaga kwabanje, n'ibyo ukunda.

Kuki kubaka ibere hifashishijwe kubaga uruhu bikorwa?

Uku kubaga bifasha gusubiza ishusho y'ibere ryawe nyuma yo gukuraho ibere cyangwa gukomereka bikomeye kw'ibere. Abagore benshi bahitamo kubaka hifashishijwe uruhu kuko bituma habaho ibere ryumvikana nk'uruhu rwabo rusanzwe kandi rishobora kumara ubuzima bwose ritagomba gusimburwa.

Ushobora gutekereza kuri iyi nzira niba ushaka kwirinda gukoresha igihe kirekire biza n'ibikoresho byo mu nganda. Bitandukanye n'ibikoresho byo mu nganda by'amabere, bishobora gukenera gusimburwa buri myaka 10-15, kubaka hifashishijwe uruhu akenshi bitanga igisubizo kirambye.

Abagore bamwe kandi bahitamo kubagwa bakoresheje uburyo bwa flap surgery iyo kubaka amabere hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bitabaye ngombwa kubera imirasire, uruhu ruto, cyangwa ibibazo byabayeho mbere. Ubu buryo bushobora gukorwa ako kanya mugihe cyo kubaga amabere cyangwa bukakererezwa kugeza amezi cyangwa imyaka nyuma.

Ni iki gikorerwa mugihe cyo kubaka amabere hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa flap surgery?

Ubusanzwe kubaga bifata amasaha 4-8 kandi bikorwa hakoreshejwe imiti ituma umuntu atagira ubwenge. Muganga wawe azakorera ahantu hakurwa igice cy'umubiri ndetse no ku gice cyakira aho amabere yawe mashya azakorwa.

Ibi nibyo bikunda kuba mugihe cyo kubaga:

1. Muganga wawe arashushanya ahantu hakurwa igice cy'umubiri kandi agategura neza uburyo bwo gukuraho igice cy'umubiri
2. Igice cy'umubiri gikurwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa flap surgery mugihe hakoreshwa imitsi n'imitsi y'amaraso niba bishoboka
3. Kubijyanye na free flaps, igice cy'umubiri cyimurirwa ku gituza cyawe kandi imitsi y'amaraso igahuzwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa microsurgery
4. Igice cy'umubiri gikorwa mu ishusho kandi kigashyirwa ahantu hakwiriye kugirango hakorwe ibere rishya
5. Ahantu hakurwa igice cy'umubiri ndetse n'ahantu h'ibere byombi bifungwa hakoreshejwe imitsi
6. Imyenge ishyirwaho kugirango birinde ko amazi yiyongera mugihe cyo gukira

Uburyo bigoye biterwa n'ubwoko bwa flap surgery uri gukorerwa. DIEP flaps ziva mu nda yawe zikunda gukoreshwa kandi ntizikora ku misitsi yo mu nda yawe, mugihe latissimus dorsi flaps ziva mu mugongo wawe akenshi zihuzwa n'ibikoresho bito.

Ni gute witegura kubaka amabere yawe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa flap surgery?

Ukwitegura kwawe bizatangira mbere y'ibyumweru byinshi mbere yo kubagwa hamwe no kwemezwa kwa muganga no guhindura imibereho. Muganga wawe azashaka kumenya niba uri mu buzima bwiza bushoboka kugirango ukore ubu buryo bukomeye.

Bizaba ngombwa ko uhagarika kunywa itabi byibuze mbere y'ibyumweru 6-8 mbere yo kubagwa, kuko nicotine igira uruhare runini mu gukira kandi ikongera ibibazo. Niba ufata imiti ituma amaraso ataguma mu mubiri, ibiyobyabwenge, cyangwa imiti imwe, muganga wawe azakugira inama y'igihe cyo kuyihagarika.

Ukwitegura mu mubiri bikubiyemo:

• Gusaba ibizamini byo kwa muganga no kwemererwa na muganga wawe wibanze
• Gutegura ubufasha mu rugo mu gihe cyo koroherwa
• Gutegura aho utuye ukoresheje ibintu uzakenera byoroshye kubona
• Kuzigama imyenda yoroshye, yoroshye ifunguka imbere
• Guteganya iminsi 2-4 yo kutajya ku kazi, bitewe n'akazi kawe

Itsinda ry'abaganga bazakubaga bazatanga amabwiriza arambuye yerekeye kurya, kunywa, na gahunda y'imiti ku munsi wo kubagwa. Kuba warateguye ibintu byose mbere bifasha kugabanya umunabi kandi bigashyigikira gukira neza.

Ni gute usoma ibisubizo byo kubaka amabere yawe?

Kugera ku ntego mu kubaka amabere bikoreshwa mu gupima uko igice cyimuwe cyabayeho ndetse n'uko wishimira imiterere n'imibereho. Mu minsi mike ya mbere nyuma yo kubagwa, itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizakurikirana cyane imigezi y'amaraso kugirango barebe niba igice cyimuwe kibona amaraso ahagije.

Ibimenyetso bya mbere byo gukira neza birimo ibara ry'uruhu rishyushye, rumeze neza n'ubushyuhe busanzwe bw'uruhu ahakorewe kubaka. Umuganga uzakubaga azagenzura ibi bimenyetso mu gihe cyo gusura no gukurikirana kandi ashobora gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye kugirango akurikirane imigezi y'amaraso.

Ibisubizo by'igihe kirekire bigaragara nyuma y'amezi 6-12 igihe kubyimba bigabanuka kandi igice cyimuwe kigashyira mu mwanya mushya. Ibere ryawe ryubatswe rizakomeza guhinduka no koroha uko igihe kigenda, amaherezo rigatera imiterere n'imibereho isanzwe.

Wibuke ko guhuza neza bidashoboka buri gihe, kandi ushobora gukenera ibindi bikorwa byo kunoza imiterere cyangwa guhuza n'irindi bere ryawe. Abagore benshi basanga ibisubizo bikwiye igihe cyo koroherwa, ariko ni ngombwa kugira ibyiringiro bifatika.

Ni gute wakongerera imbaraga gukira kwawe nyuma yo kubaka amabere?

Gukira kwawe kwibanda ku kurinda imigezi mishya y'amaraso ku gice cyimuwe mugihe uha umubiri wawe umwanya wo gukira ahakorewe kubaga. Icyumweru cya mbere ni ingenzi kugirango igice cyimuwe kibashe kubaho, bityo uzakenera gukurikiza ibikorwa byose byabujijwe witonze.

Mu byumweru 2-3 bya mbere, uzakenera kwirinda kuzamura ikintu cyose kirenze ibiro 2-4 kandi ukagabanya imyitozo y'amaboko. Muganga wawe azagenda yongera urwego rw'ibikorwa byawe uko gukira bigenda bitera imbere.

Uburyo bwo gufasha gukira kwawe burimo:

• Kuguma ufite amazi ahagije no kurya ibiryo bifite intungamubiri byuzuye poroteyine
• Kuruhuka cyane no gusinzira bihagije kugira ngo bishyigikire gusana imitsi
• Gufata imiti yategetswe nkuko byategetswe kugira ngo wirinde kuribwa no kwandura indwara
• Kwitabira gahunda zose zo gukurikirana
• Kwambara imyenda ikanda nkuko byategetswe
• Kwimuka kunywa itabi na alukolo nyinshi mugihe cyo gukira

Abantu benshi bashobora gusubira mu kazi ko ku meza mu byumweru 2-3, ariko ibikorwa bya fisik na kuzamura ibintu biremereye bikunze kubuzwa mu byumweru 6-8. Muganga wawe azagufasha mu cyiciro cyose cyo gukira bitewe n'uko ukira neza.

Ni bande bakwiriye cyane kubagwa flap reconstruction?

Abakandida beza ni abagore bafite ubuzima bwiza muri rusange bafite imitsi ihagije yo kohereza. Muganga wawe azasuzuma ubwoko bw'umubiri wawe, amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi, n'imibereho yawe kugira ngo amenye niba ukwiriye kuri ubu buryo.

Ushobora kuba umukandida mwiza niba ufite imitsi ihagije yo mu nda ya DIEP flap cyangwa imitsi ihagije yo mu mugongo ya latissimus dorsi flap. Abataranywa itabi muri rusange bagira ibisubizo byiza kuko kunywa itabi bibuza amaraso atuma imitsi ya flap ikomeza kubaho.

Izindi mpamvu zishobora gutuma bigenda neza zirimo:

• Ibyiringiro bifatika kubyerekeye inzira yo gukira n'ibisubizo byanyuma
• Ubufasha bwiza bwo mu byiyumvo mugihe cyo gukira
• Ubushobozi bwo gufata igihe gihagije cyo kuruhuka ku kazi no mu bikorwa bya buri munsi
• Nta ndwara zikomeye zo mu buvuzi zibangamira gukira
• Ukwemera gukurikiza amabwiriza yo nyuma yo kubagwa neza

Imyaka yonyine si yo mpamvu yo kubuza, ahubwo ubuzima bwawe muri rusange n'ubushobozi bwo gukira ni byo bintu by'ingenzi byo gusuzuma. Muganga wawe uzagufasha gusobanukirwa niba kubaka ukoresheje uruhu byujuje intego zawe n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.

Ni ibihe bintu bitera ingaruka mu kubaka ukoresheje uruhu?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka, itabi rikaba ari ryo ry'ingenzi. Nicotine ifunga imitsi y'amaraso kandi ikongera cyane amahirwe yo kunanirwa kw'uruhu, aho uruhu rwoherejwe rutabaho.

Indwara z'ubuvuzi zigira ingaruka ku gukira no gutembera kw'amaraso nazo zongera ibyago byawe. Diyabete, indwara ziterwa n'umubiri w'umuntu wanga ibyo yirinda, n'indwara z'umutima byose bishobora kugira uruhare mu bushobozi bw'umubiri wawe bwo gukira neza nyuma y'iyi operasiyo igoye.

Ibindi bintu bitera ingaruka birimo:

• Ubuvuzi bwa radiyo bwakoreshejwe mbere mu gatuza
• Umubyibuho ukabije, ushobora kongera ibyago byo kubagwa no gutera ibiyobyabwenge
• Amateka y'amaraso yiziba cyangwa indwara zituma amaraso ava
• Opérasiyo zabayeho mbere zishobora kuba zarakomerekeje ahantu hashobora guturuka uruhu
• Ibyiringiro bidahwitse ku gihe cyo gukira n'imbonereho ya nyuma
• Ubufasha buke mu gihe cyo gukira kirekire

Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza ibi bintu hamwe nawe kandi ashobora kugusaba uburyo bundi bushoboka niba urwego rw'ibibazo byawe ruri hejuru cyane. Ibintu byinshi bitera ingaruka bishobora guhindurwa mbere yo kubagwa kugira ngo byongere amahirwe yawe yo gutsinda.

Ese kubaka ukoresheje uruhu biruta kubaka hakoreshejwe ibikoresho?

Uburyo bwombi bufite inyungu zihariye, kandi icyemezo cyiza giterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze, ibyo ukunda, n'ubwoko bw'umubiri wawe. Kubaka ukoresheje uruhu bitanga ibisubizo bisa n'ibisanzwe birambye ubuzima bwose, mugihe kubaka hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bikubiyemo operasiyo ngufi no gukira vuba.

Gusana uruhu bisanzwe bitanga umunezero urambye kuko uruhu ruzasaza nawe kandi rukumvikana neza. Ntabwo uzagomba guhangayika ku bijyanye no gusimbuza ibikoresho cyangwa ibyago by'igihe kirekire bifitanye isano n'ibikoresho byo mu mabere.

Ariko, kubagwa uruhu bikubiyemo kubagwa bikomeye, igihe kirekire cyo koroherwa, n'ibikomere ahantu hose hatanzwe uruhu n'ahakiriwe. Gusana hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bishobora kuba byiza niba ukunda koroherwa vuba, ufite uruhu rutari rwinshi rwo gutanga, cyangwa ushaka kwirinda ahantu ho kubagirwa.

Ibintu byinshi bigira uruhare muri iki cyemezo, harimo imibereho yawe, imiterere y'umubiri wawe, imiti wakoresheje mbere, n'ibyo ukunda ku giti cyawe. Umuganga wawe ubaga ashobora kugufasha gupima ibi bitekerezo kugira ngo ufate icyemezo kigukwiriye.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa no gusana uruhu?

Nubwo gusana uruhu muri rusange bifite umutekano, ni kubagwa bikomeye bifite ibyago bisanzwe n'ibitari bike. Kumva ibi bishoboka bifasha gufata icyemezo gifitiye akamaro kandi kumenya ibimenyetso bikeneye ubufasha bw'abaganga.

Ingaruka ikomeye ni uguta uruhu, aho uruhu rwoherejwe rutabona amaraso ahagije maze rugapfa. Ibi bibaho mu byerekeye 1-5% kandi bishobora gusaba kubagwa kongera kugirwa kugira ngo bakure uruhu rwapfuye kandi batekereze ku buryo bwo gusana bundi bushya.

Ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo zirimo:

• Kutagira ubushobozi bw'igihe gito cyangwa burundu ahantu hatanzwe uruhu n'ahakiriwe
• Ibibazo byo gukira ibikomere cyangwa gukira bitinze
• Gukusanya amazi (seroma) bisaba kuyasohora
• Udukoko ahantu habagiwe
• Ibikomere bishobora kuba byaguka cyangwa bigaragara kurusha uko byari byitezwe
• Kutaringanira hagati y'amabere bisaba ibindi bikorwa

Ingaruka zitari nyinshi ariko zikomeye zirimo amaraso avuye mu maraso, ibibazo byo guhumeka biturutse ku burozi, no kwangiza ibintu biri hafi mu gihe cyo kubagwa. Itsinda ry'abaganga bazagukurikiranira hafi kandi bafate ingamba zo kwirinda ibi bibazo.

Ingorane nyinshi ziravurwa igihe zamenyekanye hakiri kare, ni yo mpamvu gukurikiranwa n'abaganga babaga kandi gutanga raporo y'ikintu icyo aricyo cyose giteye impungenge vuba na bwangu ari ingenzi cyane mu gihe cyo koroherwa kwawe.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga ku bijyanye n'impungenge zo kubaka uruhu?

Ugomba guhamagara umuganga wabaze ako kanya niba ubonye impinduka iyo ari yo yose mu isura cyangwa uko uruhu rwawe rumeze mu byumweru bya mbere by'ingenzi nyuma yo kubagwa. Guhaguruka hakiri kare akenshi birinda ibibazo bito guhinduka ingorane zikomeye.

Hamagara umuganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso byo kwitondera:

• Impinduka mu ibara ry'uruhu - uruhu ruhinduka urwererane, ubururu, cyangwa umukara cyane
• Uruhu rumeze nk'urukonje cyangwa rushyushye cyane ku gukora
• Kongera vuba mu kubabara cyangwa kumva umutima uteragura
• Urubore rurenze 101°F (38.3°C) cyangwa guhinda umushyitsi
• Amazi mabi cyangwa ibishishwa biva ahaciye
• Ukubura cyane cyangwa umutuku urushaho kwiyongera
• Kutandukana kw'imirongo y'ahaciye cyangwa imitsi igaragara munsi

Mugihe cyo koroherwa kwawe, ni ingenzi kandi gushaka ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi kubera kubabara mu gituza, guhumeka bigoranye, cyangwa kubura amaguru, kuko ibi bishobora kwerekana amaraso. Ntukazuyaze guhamagara n'ibibazo cyangwa impungenge - itsinda ryabazwe ryiteguye kumva ibivuye kuri wowe muri iki gihe cy'ingenzi cyo gukira.

N'iyo umaze gukira neza, teganiriza gukurikiranwa buri gihe n'umuganga wabaga kugirango ukurikirane ibisubizo byawe by'igihe kirekire kandi ukemure impinduka iyo ari yo yose cyangwa impungenge zigaragara uko igihe kigenda.

Ibikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye no kubaka amabere hamwe no kubaga uruhu

Q1: Ese kubaka uruhu birishyurwa n'ubwishingizi?

Yego, kubaka amabere nyuma yo gukuraho amabere bisanzwe birishyurwa n'ubwishingizi bw'ubuzima, harimo n'inzira z'uruhu. Itegeko ry'ubuzima bw'abagore n'uburenganzira bwo kurwanya kanseri risaba gahunda nyinshi z'ubwishingizi kwishyura kubaga amabere.

Ariko, ibisobanuro by'ubwishingizi biratandukana hagati y'ubwishingizi butandukanye, kandi ushobora gukenera uruhushya mbere yo gukorerwa ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe. Vugana n'ikigo cy'ubwishingizi bwawe mbere yo kubagwa kugira ngo umenye neza inyungu zawe, amafaranga utanga, n'ibyo bashobora kuba bagusaba.

Q2: Kubaka umubiri ukoresheje uruhu bimara igihe kingana iki?

Kubaka umubiri ukoresheje uruhu muri rusange bifatwa nk'ibihoraho kuko bikoresha uruhu rwawe ruzima. Bitandukanye n'ibikoresho bishyirwa mu mubiri, bishobora gusimburwa buri myaka 10-15, kubaka umubiri ukoresheje uruhu mubisanzwe biramara ubuzima bwose.

Urubavu rwasubizweho ruzasaza mu buryo busanzwe hamwe n'umubiri wawe wose, ruzabyibuha cyangwa rugabanyuka nk'uko ubigenza. Abagore bamwe bahitamo gukora ibindi bikorwa nyuma y'igihe kugira ngo bagumane uburinganire cyangwa bakemure impinduka, ariko kubaka umubiri nyamukuru mubisanzwe birakomeza.

Q3: Nzatakaza kumva mu rubavu rwanjye rwasubizweho?

Abagore benshi bagira igihombo cyo kumva mu rubavu rwasubizweho, nubwo ibi bitandukana cyane hagati y'abantu. Kumva bimwe bishobora kugaruka nyuma y'igihe igihe imitsi ikira, ariko ntibishoboka ko bizaba kimwe neza nk'uko byari bimeze mbere yo kubagwa.

Umuvuzi wawe ashobora gushobora gukora imitsi mugihe cyo kubaka umubiri ukoresheje uruhu kugirango yongere imyumvire. Nubwo kumva neza kenshi bidasubira, abagore benshi basanga inyungu z'ubwiza n'iz'imitekerereze zo kubaka zirenze urwo rugero.

Q4: Nshobora kubaka umubiri ukoresheje uruhu niba narahuye na radiyo?

Yego, kubaka umubiri ukoresheje uruhu akenshi ni uburyo bukoreshwa cyane kubagore barwaye radiyo. Radiyo irashobora gutuma uruhu rwo mu gituza rudakwiriye kubaka ukoresheje ibikoresho, ariko kubagwa ukoresheje uruhu bizana uruhu rushya, ruzima rufite amaraso yacyo.

Igihe kirashimwa ariko - umuvuzi wawe ashobora kugusaba gutegereza amezi make nyuma ya radiyo kugirango uruhu rukire mbere yo gukomeza kubaka. Ibi bifasha kumenya neza gukira neza n'ibisubizo byiza.

Q5: Ni iki kibaho kumurongo w'uwatanze uruhu nyuma yo kubagwa ukoresheje uruhu?

Aho umubiri watanzweho urakira hasigara inkovu, kandi ushobora kugira impinduka muri ako gace bitewe n'ubwoko bw'uruhu rwakoreshejwe. Ku ruhu rwo mu nda, abagore benshi bishimira ingaruka zo "gukora mu nda" zikuraho uruhu rwinshi n'ibice by'umubiri.

Uruhu rwo mu mugongo rushobora gutera intege nke muri uwo mutsi mu ntangiriro, ariko abagore benshi basubirana imikorere yuzuye uko igihe kigenda gihita no mu kuvurwa mu buryo bw'imibiri. Umuganga wawe azaganira ku ngaruka zihariye ku gice cy'umubiri cyatoranijwe kandi agufashe gusobanukirwa ibyo witegura mu gihe cyo gukira.