Ni iki cyitwa Colonoscopy? Intego, Uburyo & Ibivamo

Colonoscopy ni uburyo bwa muganga aho muganga wawe akoresha urushinge ruto, rworoshye rufite kamera kugirango yisuzume imbere y'urura rwawe runini (colon) na rectum. Iki gikoresho cyo gupima gifasha kumenya ibibazo nka polyps, kubyimbirwa, cyangwa kanseri hakiri kare igihe bivurwa neza.

Bitekereze nk'isuzuma ryimbitse ry'ubuzima bw'urura rwawe. Ubu buryo busanzwe bufata iminota 30 kugeza kuri 60, kandi uzahabwa imiti kugirango igufashe kuruhuka no kumva umeze neza muri ubu buryo.

Ni iki colonoscopy ari cyo?

Colonoscopy ni uburyo bwo gupima no gupima butuma abaganga babona urugero rwose rw'urura rwawe na rectum. Muganga akoresha colonoscope, ari urushinge rurerure, rworoshye rufite uburebure bw'urutoki rwawe rufite kamera ntoya n'urumuri ku iherezo.

Mugihe cy'ubu buryo, colonoscope ishyirwa gake muri rectum yawe ikayoborwa mu urura rwawe. Kamera yohereza amashusho y'igihe nyacyo kuri moniteri, ihereza muganga wawe isura isobanutse y'urukuta rw'urura rwawe. Ibi bibafasha kumenya ahantu hatari hasanzwe, gufata ibyemezo by'imitsi niba bikwiye, cyangwa gukuraho polyps ako kanya.

Ubu buryo bufatwa nk'urugero rwa zahabu rwo gupima kanseri y'urura kuko ishobora kumenya no gukumira kanseri mukuraho polyps zitegura kanseri mbere yuko zikura zikaba kanseri.

Kuki colonoscopy ikorwa?

Colonoscopy ifite intego ebyiri z'ingenzi: gupima kanseri y'urura mu bantu bafite ubuzima bwiza no kumenya ibibazo mu bantu bafite ibimenyetso. Abantu bakuru benshi bagomba gutangira gupimwa buri gihe bafite imyaka 45, cyangwa mbere niba bafite ibintu by'akaga nko mu mateka y'umuryango wa kanseri y'urura.

Kugirango bipimwe, intego ni ukumenya ibibazo hakiri kare igihe byoroshye kuvura. Muganga wawe ashobora gukuraho polyps mugihe cy'ubu buryo, ibi bikabuza ko bishobora kuzaba kanseri nyuma. Ibi bituma colonoscopy iba igikoresho cyo kumenya no gukumira.

Niba urimo kugira ibimenyetso, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukora colonoscopie kugira ngo akore iperereza ku cyateye kutumva neza. Reka turebe impamvu zihariye muganga wawe ashobora gutanga iyi nzira:

• Impinduka zihoraho mu myifatire y'amara zimara ibyumweru birenga bike
• Amara mu musarani wawe cyangwa kuva amaraso mu kibuno
• Urubavu rutumvikana cyangwa kuribwa
• Impiswi zihoraho cyangwa guhagarara kw'amara
• Kugabanya ibiro bitumvikana
• Anemiya yo kubura icyuma itagira impamvu igaragara
• Amateka y'umuryango ya kanseri y'amara cyangwa polyps
• Amateka yawe bwite y'indwara yo mu mara y'uburwayi
• Gukurikiranwa nyuma yo gukuraho polyp yabanje

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku bintu byawe by'umuntu ku giti cye n'ibimenyetso kugira ngo amenye niba colonoscopie ikwiriye kuri wewe. Iyi nzira irashobora gufasha kumenya indwara nka kanseri y'amara, polyps, indwara yo mu mara y'uburwayi, diverticulitis, cyangwa izindi ndwara z'amara.

Ni iki gikorerwa colonoscopie?

Iyi nzira ya colonoscopie ibera mu byiciro bitandukanye, itangirira ku myiteguro yo mu rugo ikarangirira mu kigo cy'ubuvuzi. Igenzura nyirizina risanzwe rifata iminota 30 kugeza kuri 60, nubwo uzamara amasaha menshi mu kigo kugira ngo witegure no gukira.

Mbere yo gutangira iyi nzira, uzahabwa imiti yo mu maraso kugira ngo igufashe kuruhuka no kugabanya kutumva neza. Abantu benshi ntibibuka iyi nzira kubera imiti yo mu maraso, ituma ibintu bigenda neza cyane.

Ibi nibyo bibaho mugihe cy'iyi nzira:

1. Uzarara ku ruhande rwawe rw'ibumoso ku meza yo gupimira
2. Umuvuzi azinjiza buhoro colonoscope mu rukurura rwawe
3. Iyi scope izajyanwa buhoro mu mara yawe mugihe umwuka winjizwa kugirango yagure mara kugirango aboneke neza
4. Umuvuzi azasuzuma umurongo w'amara mugihe scope igenda
5. Niba hasanzwe polyps, zikurwaho hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byihariye binyuzwa muri scope
6. Uduce tw'imitsi dushobora gufatwa kugirango dusuzumwe muri laboratori
7. Scope izakurwaho buhoro mugihe igikomeza gusuzuma inkuta z'amara

Mugihe cyo gupimwa, ushobora kumva umuvuduko cyangwa kubabara mugihe scope igenda mu mara yawe. Imiti igabanya ububabare ifasha kugabanya ibi byiyumvo, kandi abantu benshi basanga iki gikorwa kidababaza cyane nkuko babyiteze.

Ni gute wakwitegura colonoscopy yawe?

Kwitegura neza ni ngombwa kugirango colonoscopy igende neza kuko amara yawe agomba kuba asukuye neza kugirango umuvuzi abashe kubona neza. Umuvuzi wawe azaguha amabwiriza yihariye, ariko kwitegura mubisanzwe bitangira iminsi 1-3 mbere yo gupimwa.

Igice cyingenzi cyo kwitegura ni ugufata umuti wo gutegura amara usukura amara yawe. Uyu muti utera impiswi kugirango asohore amara yawe yose, ibi bikaba ngombwa kugirango isuzuma rikore neza.

Hano hari intambwe zingenzi zo kwitegura ugomba gukurikiza:

• Reka kurya ibiryo bikomeye amasaha 24 mbere yo gupimwa
• Nywa amazi gusa nk'amazi, isupu, n'imitobe isobanutse
• Fata umuti wo gutegura amara wategetswe nkuko byategetswe
• Reka gufata imiti imwe niba umuvuzi wawe abigushishikarije
• Tegura umuntu uzagutwara nyuma yo gupimwa
• Kurikiza ibyerekeye ibiryo byihariye iminsi myinshi mbere
• Guma hafi y'ubwiherero nyuma yo gutangira gutegura amara

Kugira umubiri witegura neza birashobora kugorana, ariko ni ngombwa ku mutekano wawe no gukora neza kw'ikizamini. Abantu benshi basanga kuguma bafite amazi ahagije no gukurikiza amabwiriza neza bibafasha kunyura muri iki gikorwa neza.

Ni gute usoma ibisubizo byawe bya colonoscopy?

Muganga wawe azaganira nawe ku bisubizo bya colonoscopy yawe nyuma gato y'igikorwa, nubwo ushobora kutibuka ikiganiro kubera ingaruka zo guturwa. Uzasangizwa raporo yanditse isobanura ibyabonetse mu gihe cy'isuzuma ryawe.

Ibisubizo bisanzwe bisobanura ko urugingo rwawe ruto rugaragara rufite ubuzima bwiza nta bimenyetso bya polyps, kanseri, cyangwa ibindi bidasanzwe. Niba iyi ari colonoscopy yo gupima ifite ibisubizo bisanzwe, mubisanzwe ntuzakenera indi mu myaka 10, bitewe n'ibintu bigushyira mu kaga.

Niba hari ibidasanzwe byabonetse, ibisubizo byawe bishobora kwerekana:

• Polyps zakurwe mu gihe cy'igikorwa
• Uburibwe cyangwa uburakari bw'urukuta rw'urugingo ruto
• Diverticulosis (udupapuro duto mu rukuta rw'urugingo ruto)
• Ahantu havururuka cyangwa ibisebe
• Ibyegeranyo bishidikanywaho bisaba ibindi bizamini
• Ibimenyetso by'indwara yo mu gifu

Niba polyps zakurwe cyangwa ibyavuye mu gice cy'umubiri byafashwe, uzakenera gutegereza ibisubizo byo muri laboratori, mubisanzwe bifata iminsi 3-7. Muganga wawe azavugana nawe kuri ibi bisubizo kandi aganire ku buryo bwose bwo gukurikirana cyangwa kuvura.

Ni ibihe bintu bigushyira mu kaga ko gukenera colonoscopy?

Ibintu byinshi byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'urugingo ruto kandi bishobora gutuma colonoscopy yo gupima iba ingenzi kuri wewe. Imyaka ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane cy'ibibazo, kanseri nyinshi z'urugingo ruto zibaho ku bantu bafite imyaka irenga 50, nubwo umubare wiyongera ku bantu bakiri bato.

Amateka y'umuryango agira uruhare runini mu rwego rw'ibibazo byawe. Niba ufite abantu bo mu muryango wawe ba hafi barwaye kanseri y'urugingo ruto cyangwa polyps, ushobora gukenera gutangira gupimwa kare kandi ugakorwa ibizamini kenshi kurusha abaturage muri rusange.

Ibintu bisanzwe bishobora gutuma usuzumwa kare cyangwa kenshi birimo:

• Amateka y'umuryango y'umwijima wa colon cyangwa polyps
• Amateka yawe bwite y'indwara yo mu mara ituma umuntu ababara
• Polyps cyangwa kanseri ya colon yabanje
• Indwara ziterwa n'imiryango nka syndrome ya Lynch cyangwa familial adenomatous polyposis
• Kurya cyane inyama zitukura no kurya ibifite fibre nkeya
• Umunuko no kunywa inzoga nyinshi
• Umubyibuho ukabije no kutagira imyitozo ngororamubiri
• Ubwoko bwa 2 bwa diyabete
• Ubuvuzi bwo gukoresha imirasire mu nda cyangwa mu gatuza

Muganga wawe azasuzuma ibintu byose bigutera kugira ngo amenye igihe ugomba gutangirira isuzuma n'uburyo ugomba gukora colonoscopy kenshi. Abantu bafite ibintu byinshi bibatera akaga akenshi bagomba gutangira isuzuma mbere y'imyaka 45 kandi bashobora gukenera ibizamini byinshi.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa na colonoscopy?

Colonoscopy muri rusange iratekanye cyane, ingaruka zikomeye zikaba zibaho ku bantu batarenze 1% bakora ibyo bizamini. Abantu benshi bagira ibibazo bito gusa kandi bagakira vuba nta kibazo.

Ingaruka zisanzwe ni nto kandi zibaho igihe gito, zirimo kubyimba, gusa, no kuribwa biturutse ku mwuka ukoreshwa mu kwagura colon yawe mugihe cyo gukora icyo gikorwa. Ibi bimenyetso bikunda gukira nyuma y'amasaha make umwuka umaze kumisurwa cyangwa ukamuka.

Ingaruka zikunda kubaho ariko zikaba zikomeye zirimo:

• Gucika (gutoboka) urukuta rwa colon (bibaho ku bantu 1 kuri 1,000 bakora ibyo bizamini)
• Kuva amaraso, cyane cyane nyuma yo gukuraho polyp (bibaho ku bantu 1 kuri 1,000 bakora ibyo bizamini)
• Gusubiranamo ku miti yo gutuza
• Infesiyo (ntabwo bikunda kubaho)
• Ibibazo by'umutima cyangwa ibihaha bifitanye isano no gutuzwa

Muganga wawe azakugenzura neza mugihe cyo gukora icyo gikorwa no nyuma yacyo kugira ngo arebe ibimenyetso byose by'ingaruka. Ingaruka nyinshi, niba zibayeho, zishobora kuvurwa neza, cyane cyane iyo zamenyekanye kare.

Ibyago byo kugira ibibazo muri rusange biragabanuka cyane ugereranije n'ibibazo byo kutamenya kanseri y'urugingo rw'igifu hakiri kare. Muganga wawe azaganira nawe ku byago byawe bwite kandi agufashe gusobanukirwa akamaro n'ibibazo by'iki gikorwa.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga kugira ngo akore colonoscopy?

Ukwiriye kuganira na muganga wawe kuri colonoscopy niba ufite imyaka 45 cyangwa urenzeho kandi utarigeze ukorerwa isuzuma, cyangwa niba ufite ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza ibibazo by'urugingo rw'igifu. Kumenya hakiri kare bituma imiti ivura igenda neza cyane, bityo ntugatinye gushaka ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi.

Kugira ngo hakorwe isuzuma risanzwe, abantu benshi bakwiriye gutangira ku myaka 45, ariko ushobora gukenera gutangira mbere niba ufite ibintu by'ibibazo nk'amateka y'umuryango ya kanseri y'urugingo rw'igifu. Muganga wawe ashobora gufasha kumenya gahunda ikwiriye yo gusuzuma ibibazo byawe.

Ukwiriye guhamagara muganga wawe ako kanya niba ufite ibi bimenyetso:

• Amara mu musarani wawe cyangwa kuva amaraso mu kibuno
• Impinduka zihoraho mu myifatire y'amara zimara ibyumweru birenga bibiri
• Urubavu rutavuzweho rumwe cyangwa kuribwa
• Kugabanya ibiro bitateguwe
• Kunanirwa cyangwa kunanuka bihoraho
• Kumva ko amara yawe atuzura neza
• Imyanda ifite imiterere nto cyangwa impinduka mu miterere y'imyanda

Nyuma ya colonoscopy, ukwiriye guhamagara muganga wawe ako kanya niba ufite kuribwa gukabije mu nda, umuriro, kuva amaraso menshi, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kwandura. Ibi bishobora kugaragaza ibibazo bikeneye ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Ibikunze kubazwa kuri colonoscopy

Q.1 Ese colonoscopy ni nziza yo gusuzuma kanseri y'urugingo rw'igifu?

Yego, colonoscopy ifatwa nk'urugero rwiza rwo gusuzuma kanseri y'urugingo rw'igifu. Ni uburyo bwuzuye bwo gusuzuma kuko bushobora kumenya kanseri na polyps zitaratera kanseri mu rurimi rwose rw'urugingo rw'igifu, atari gusa igice cyarwo.

Bitandukanye n'izindi nzira zo gupima zigaragaza kanseri isanzweho gusa, colonoscopie ishobora no gukumira kanseri ikuraho polypes mbere yuko zihinduka kanseri. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko gupimisha colonoscopie buri gihe bishobora kugabanya impfu ziterwa na kanseri y'urura ruto ku kigero cya 60-70%.

Q.2 Ese colonoscopie irababaza?

Abantu benshi ntibagira ububabare cyangwa bagira ububabare bucye cyane mugihe cya colonoscopie kuko uhabwa imiti ituma utabona ibintu neza binyuze mu muyoboro w'amaraso. Uwo muti ugufasha kuruhuka kandi akenshi utuma uba umunebwe cyangwa ugatuma usinzira mugihe cyo gukorwa icyo gikorwa.

Ushobora kumva umuvundo, kubabara, cyangwa kubyimba mugihe icyuma kinyura mu rura rwawe ruto, ariko ibyo byiyumvo mubisanzwe biroroshye kandi ntibiramba. Nyuma y'icyo gikorwa, ushobora kugira gazi n'ububyimbire mu masaha make, ariko ibi mubisanzwe bikemuka vuba.

Q.3 Colonoscopie imara igihe kingana iki?

Igikorwa nyirizina cya colonoscopie mubisanzwe gifata iminota 30 kugeza kuri 60, bitewe n'icyo muganga wawe asanze niba hari polypes zigomba gukurwaho. Ariko, uzamara amasaha menshi mu kigo cy'ubuvuzi kugirango witegure no gukira.

Teganya kumara amasaha agera kuri 3-4 yose muri icyo kigo, harimo igihe cyo kwiyandikisha, kwitegura, igikorwa ubwacyo, no gukira imiti ituma utabona ibintu neza. Abantu benshi bashobora gutaha umunsi umwe bamaze gukanguka neza kandi bameze neza.

Q.4 Nshobora gukora colonoscopie inshuro zingahe?

Niba ibisubizo byawe bya colonoscopie bisanzwe kandi ufite ibyago bisanzwe, mubisanzwe ukeneye icyo gikorwa buri myaka 10 uhereye ku myaka 45. Ariko, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gupimwa kenshi bitewe n'ibyago byawe bwite.

Abantu bafite ibyago byinshi, nk'amateka y'umuryango ya kanseri y'urura ruto cyangwa amateka yawe bwite ya polypes, bashobora gukenera gupimwa buri myaka 3-5. Muganga wawe azakora gahunda yo gupimwa yihariye ishingiye ku miterere yawe yihariye n'ibisubizo.

Q.5 Nkishima iki nyuma ya colonoscopie?

Tangira ku mafunguro yoroheje, yoroshye mu igogora nyuma ya colonoscopie kuko igifu cyawe gikeneye umwanya wo kugaruka mu buryo busanzwe. Tangira n'amazi asobanutse buhoro buhoro ujye ku mafunguro yoroshye uko wumva umeze neza.

Urugero rwiza rurimo isupu, amagufuri, umukate wotswe, ibitoki, umuceri, na yogati. Irinde ibiryo biryoshye cyane, birimo amavuta menshi, cyangwa ibirimo fibre nyinshi mu masaha 24 ya mbere. Abantu benshi bashobora gusubira ku mafunguro yabo asanzwe mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri, ariko umva umubiri wawe kandi wongere ibiryo buhoro buhoro.