Craniotomy

Craniotomy igikorwa cyo gukuraho igice cy'igikuta cy'ubwonko kugira ngo haboneke uburyo bwo kubaga ubwonko. Craniotomy ishobora gukorwa kugira ngo hafatwe igice cy'umubiri w'ubwonko cyangwa kuvura indwara cyangwa imvune zibangamiye ubwonko. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa mu kuvura ibibyimba by'ubwonko, kuva amaraso mu bwonko, ibibyimba by'amaraso cyangwa indwara z'umwijima. Ishobora kandi gukorwa mu kuvura ubwinshi bw'amaraso mu bwonko, bizwi nka aneurysm y'ubwonko. Cyangwa craniotomy ishobora kuvura imiyoboro y'amaraso yubatswe nabi, bizwi nka malformation ya vascular. Niba imvune cyangwa stroke yateje kubyimbagira kw'ubwonko, craniotomy ishobora kugabanya umuvuduko ku bwonko.

Craniotomy ishobora gukorwa kugira ngo babone igice cy'umubiri w'ubwonko kugira ngo bakore ibizamini. Cyangwa craniotomy ishobora gukorwa kugira ngo bavure indwara ikora ku bwonko. Craniotomies ni ubuvuzi bukunze gukoreshwa cyane mu gukuraho uburibwe bw'ubwonko. Uburibwe bw'ubwonko bushobora gushyira igitutu ku gice cy'umutwe cyangwa guteza ibibazo by'indwara cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso. Gukuraho igice cy'igice cy'umutwe mu gihe cya craniotomy biha umuganga uburyo bwo kugera ku bwonko kugira ngo akureho uburibwe. Rimwe na rimwe craniotomy iba ikenewe iyo kanseri itangiye mu gice kimwe cy'umubiri ikwirakwira mu bwonko. Craniotomy kandi ishobora gukorwa niba hari amaraso mu bwonko, azwi nka hemorrhage, cyangwa niba hari amaraso akunze mu bwonko akenewe gukurwaho. Umuvuduko w'amaraso ugaragara, uzwi nka aneurysm y'ubwonko, ushobora gusanaswa mu gihe cya craniotomy. Craniotomy kandi ishobora gukorwa kugira ngo bavure imiterere idasanzwe y'imijyana y'amaraso, izwi nka vascular malformation. Niba imvune cyangwa stroke yateje kubyimbagira kw'ubwonko, craniotomy ishobora kugabanya igitutu ku bwonko.

Ibyago byo kubaga umutwe bitandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ubuganga. Muri rusange, ibyago bishobora kuba birimo: Impinduka mu ishusho y'umutwe. Kubabara. Impinduka mu kunuka cyangwa mu kubona. Kubabara mu gihe cyo kuruma. Kwandura. Kuzana amaraso cyangwa ibice by'amaraso. Impinduka mu miterere y'amaraso. Kugwa mu marangamutima. Kugira intege nke no kugira ikibazo cyo kubanza cyangwa guhuza ibintu. Kugira ikibazo cyo gutekereza, harimo no kubura kwibuka. Impinduka mu bwonko. Amazi menshi mu bwonko cyangwa kubyimbagira. Kuzana amazi akikije ubwonko n'umugongo, bizwi nka cerebrospinal fluid leak. Gake, kubaga umutwe bishobora gutera koma cyangwa urupfu.

Itsinda ry'ubuzima ryawe rirakumenyesha ibyo ugomba gukora mbere y'igihe cyo kubaga ubwonko. Kugira ngo witegure kubagwa ubwonko, ushobora gukenera ibizamini bitandukanye, birimo: Ibizamini byo gusuzuma imikorere y'ubwonko. Ibi bishobora gusuzuma imitekerereze yawe, izwi nka cognitive function. Ibyavuye muri ibi bizamini bifatwa nk'ishingiro ryo kugereranya n'ibindi bizamini bizakorwa nyuma yaho, kandi bishobora gufasha gutegura uburyo bwo kuvura nyuma y'igihe cyo kubaga. Amashusho y'ubwonko nka MRI cyangwa CT scan. Amashusho afasha itsinda ry'ubuzima ryawe gutegura igikorwa cyo kubaga. Urugero, niba igikorwa cyo kubaga ari ukukuraho uburibwe bw'ubwonko, amashusho y'ubwonko afasha umuganga w'inzobere mu buhanga bwo kubaga ubwonko kubona aho uburibwe buherereye n'ingano yabwo. Ushobora guhabwa umuti ugaragara mu mashusho ukoresheje inshinge ishyirwa mu mubiri (IV) mu mubiri wawe. Uyu muti ugaragara mu mashusho ufasha uburibwe kugaragara neza mu mashusho. Ubwoko bwa MRI bwitwa functional MRI (fMRI) bushobora gufasha umuganga wawe gupima ibice by'ubwonko. fMRI igaragaza impinduka nto mu mikorere y'amaraso iyo ukoresha ibice bimwe by'ubwonko. Ibi bishobora gufasha umuganga kwirinda ibice by'ubwonko bigengwa n'imikorere y'ingenzi nko kuvuga.

Umukandara wawe ushobora gusukurwa mbere y'igihe cya craniotomy. Akenshi, uba uhagaze hasi mugihe cy'ubuganga. Ariko ushobora gushyirwa ku nda yawe cyangwa ku ruhande cyangwa gushyirwa mu mwanya wo kwicara. Umutwe wawe ushobora gushyirwa mu mfuruka. Ariko abana bari munsi y'imyaka 3 ntabwo bafite umutwe mugihe cya craniotomy. Niba ufite uburibwe bw'ubwonko bwitwa glioblastoma, ushobora guhabwa ibintu byerekana fluorescent. Ibyo bintu bituma uburibwe bwawe bugaragara munsi y'umucyo wa fluorescent. Umucyo ufasha umuganga wawe kubatandukanya n'izindi ntera z'ubwonko. Ushobora gushyirwa mu gihe cyo gusinzira mugihe cy'ubuganga. Ibi bizwi nka anesthesia rusange. Cyangwa ushobora kuba maso mugihe kimwe cy'ubuganga niba umuganga wawe akeneye kugenzura imikorere y'ubwonko nko kugenda no kuvuga mugihe cy'ubuganga. Ibi ni ukugirango tumenye neza ko ubuvuzi budakora ku mikorere y'ubwonko. Niba agace k'ubwonko gakorerwaho hafi y'ibice by'ubwonko bivuga, kurugero, usabwa kuvuga amazina y'ibintu mugihe cy'ubuganga. Hamwe nubuganga bwo kubyuka, ushobora kuba uri mu gihe cyo gusinzira mugihe kimwe cy'ubuganga hanyuma ukabyuka mugihe kimwe cy'ubuganga. Mbere y'ubuganga, umuti ubabaza ushyirwa mu gice cy'ubwonko gikorerwaho. Uhabwa kandi umuti kugirango ugire ubwumva bwiza.