Ni iki cyitwa CT Coronary Angiogram? Impamvu, Uburyo & Ibivamo

CT coronary angiogram ni isesengura ry'umutima ridakoresha uburyo bwo kubaga rikoresha amashusho arambuye y'imitsi yawe ya coronary ukoresheje X-rays na tekinoloji ya mudasobwa. Bitekereze nk'igikoresho cyihariye gishobora kureba mu gituza cyawe kugirango kigenzure imitsi y'amaraso itanga umutima wawe. Iri sesengura rigezweho rifasha abaganga kumenya ibiziba, kugabanuka, cyangwa izindi ngorane ziri muri iyi mitsi y'ingenzi hatabayeho gushyira imiyoboro mu mubiri wawe nk'uko angiograms isanzwe ibisaba.

Ni iki cyitwa CT coronary angiogram?

CT coronary angiogram ihuriza hamwe computed tomography (CT) scanning hamwe na contrast dye kugirango ikore amashusho asobanutse, y'ibice bitatu by'imitsi y'amaraso y'umutima wawe. Igice cya

• Gusuzuma ibibazo byo guhagarara cyangwa kugabanuka mu miyoboro y'amaraso y'umutima
• Gusuzuma ububabare bwo mu gituza iyo impamvu itagaragara neza
• Gusuzuma indwara z'imiyoboro y'amaraso y'umutima mbere yo kugira ibimenyetso
• Gusuzuma imitsi yashyizweho cyangwa ibyuma byashyizweho mu gihe cy'ibindi bikorwa byabaye mbere
• Gutegura imiti y'indwara z'umutima zizwi
• Gusuzuma ibisubizo bidasanzwe byavuye mu bizami byo gukora imyitozo cyangwa EKG

Iri gerageza rifite akamaro cyane kuko rishobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso bya mbere by'indwara z'umutima mbere yo kugira ibimenyetso bikomeye. Muganga wawe ashobora noneho kugusaba guhindura imibereho yawe cyangwa imiti yo gukumira ibibazo by'umutima mu gihe kizaza.

Ni iki gikorerwa muri CT coronary angiogram?

Iki gikorwa cya CT coronary angiogram kibera mu bitaro cyangwa ahantu hakorerwa isuzuma kandi gikubiyemo intambwe nyinshi zoroheje. Uzafashanya n'umuhanga watojwe uzakuyobora mu bice byose by'iki gikorwa kandi asubize ibibazo byose waba ufite.

Ibi nibyo bikunda kuba mu gihe cyo gusuzuma:

1. Uzagenda wambara ikanzu y'ibitaro kandi ukureho imitako cyangwa ibintu by'icyuma
2. Umuhanga azashyira umurongo wa IV mu kuboko kwawe kugira ngo akoreshe irangi
3. Uzagenda uryame ku meza ashyirwa muri CT scanner
4. Ibice bito by'amashanyarazi bishobora gushyirwa ku gituza cyawe kugira ngo bagenzure umuvuduko w'umutima wawe
5. Ushobora guhabwa imiti yo kugabanya umuvuduko w'umutima wawe niba bikenewe
6. Irangi rizaterwa mu maraso yawe binyuze muri IV mu gihe cyo gusuzuma
7. Bizagusaba guhagarika guhumeka mu gihe gito mu gihe amafoto afatwa
8. Iki gikorwa cyose cyo gusuzuma gikunda gufata iminota 10-15

Mu gihe cyo guterwa irangi, ushobora kumva ubushyuhe cyangwa uburyohe bw'icyuma mu kanwa kawe. Ibi byiyumvo bisanzwe rwose kandi bizashira vuba. Umuhanga azaba ari mu mubonano wa buri gihe nawe mu gihe cy'iki gikorwa.

Ni gute witegura CT coronary angiogram yawe?

Kwitegura neza bifasha gutuma amashusho abonekera neza kandi bigabanya amahirwe yo kugira ibibazo. Itsinda ry'abaganga bazagusobanurira neza ibyo ugomba gukora bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze, ariko intambwe nyinshi zo kwitegura ni zoroshye kandi zikurikizwa vuba.

Dore intambwe zisanzwe zo kwitegura ushobora gukenera gukurikiza:

• Irinda ikawa mu masaha 12-24 mbere yo gupimwa
• Ntukarye ibiryo bikomeye mu masaha 4 mbere yo gukorerwa icyo gikorwa
• Fata imiti yawe isanzwe keretse ubisabwe gutandukana
• Bwira muganga wawe niba ufite allergie, cyane cyane ku rangi rishobora kugaragaza ibintu cyangwa iodine
• Bwira itsinda ry'abaganga niba utwite cyangwa ushobora kuba utwite
• Ganira na muganga wawe ku bibazo by'impyiko cyangwa imiti ya diyabete
• Tegura uburyo bwo gutwara niba uzahabwa imiti igabanya ubwenge

Niba ufata imiti ya diyabete, cyane cyane metformin, muganga wawe ashobora kukubwira ko uyihagarika by'agateganyo. Iyi ngamba ifasha kwirinda ibibazo bidasanzwe ariko bikomeye by'impyiko iyo byahujwe n'irangi rishobora kugaragaza ibintu.

Ugomba kandi kuvuga amateka yose y'indwara y'impyiko, kuko muganga wawe ashobora gushaka kureba imikorere y'impyiko zawe mbere yo gupimwa. Abantu bamwe bashobora gukenera amazi menshi cyangwa imiti yihariye yo kurinda impyiko zabo mu gihe cyo gukorerwa icyo gikorwa.

Ni gute usoma ibisubizo bya CT coronary angiogram?

Ibisubizo byawe bya CT coronary angiogram bizasobanurwa n'umuganga w'indwara z'imirasire n'umuganga w'umutima wihariye mu gusoma aya mashusho agoye. Bazashaka ibimenyetso byose byo kugabanuka, guhagarara, cyangwa ibindi bidasanzwe mu miyoboro yawe y'umutima kandi bazatanga raporo irambuye kuri muganga wawe.

Raporo isanzwe irimo amakuru yerekeye urugero rwo kugabanuka muri buri muyoboro w'umutima ukomeye. Abaganga basanzwe basobanura guhagarara nk'ibipimo, nk'uko kugabanuka kwa 25%, 50%, cyangwa 75%. Muri rusange, guhagarara kwa 70% cyangwa kurenzeho mu miyoboro ikomeye bifatwa nk'ibintu bikomeye kandi bishobora gukenera kuvurwa.

Ibisubizo byawe bishobora no gushyiramo amanota ya kalisiyumu, apima ingano ya kalisiyumu yiyongera mu miyoboro yawe y'umutima. Amanota ya kalisiyumu yo hejuru ashobora kugaragaza ibyago byinshi byo kurwara umutima, nubwo utagira ibiziba byinshi. Iyi makuru afasha muganga wawe gusuzuma ibyago byawe byose byo kurwara umutima.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, isesengura rishobora kugaragaza imiyoboro isanzwe y'umutima idafite ibiziba byinshi. Ibi bishobora gutera icyizere cyinshi niba warimo urumva ububabare mu gituza, kuko bigaragaza ko ibimenyetso byawe bishobora kuba bitatewe n'indwara y'imiyoboro y'umutima.

Ni gute wakongera ubuzima bw'imiyoboro yawe y'umutima?

Niba CT yawe ya angiogram y'umutima yerekana imiyoboro isanzwe cyangwa urugero runaka rwo kugabanuka, urashobora gufata ingamba zo kunoza no gukomeza ubuzima bw'umutima wawe. Inkuru nziza ni uko byinshi mu buryo bukora neza ari impinduka z'imibereho ushobora gutangira gushyira mu bikorwa ako kanya.

Dore uburyo bwemejwe bwo gushyigikira ubuzima bw'imiyoboro yawe y'umutima:

• Kurikiza imirire ifitiye umutima akamaro yuzuye imbuto, imboga, n'ibinyampeke byose
• Witabire imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe nkuko byategetswe na muganga wawe
• Reka kunywa itabi kandi wirinde guhumeka umwuka w'itabi
• Guma ku gipimo cyiza cy'uburemere bw'umubiri wawe
• Gucunga umunaniro ukoresheje uburyo bwo kuruhuka cyangwa inama
• Fata imiti yategetswe buri gihe nkuko byategetswe
• Gukurikirana no kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso na cholesterol
• Gucunga diyabete neza niba ufite iyi ndwara

Niba isesengura ryawe ryerekana ibiziba byinshi, muganga wawe ashobora gutanga imiti yo gufasha kwirinda amaraso, kugabanya cholesterol, cyangwa kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso. Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, uburyo nka angioplasty cyangwa kubaga bypass bishobora kuba ngombwa kugirango wongere imigezi y'amaraso ikwiye.

Wibuke ko indwara y’imitsi y’umutima akenshi iterwa n’igihe kinini. N’iyo isesengura ryawe ryerekana ko hari ukugabanuka, gukora impinduka nziza mu mibereho yawe birashobora gufasha kwirinda ko bikomeza kandi bigabanya ibyago byo kurwara umutima.

Ni iyihe miterere myiza y’imitsi y’umutima?

Imiterere myiza y’imitsi y’umutima ni iyo kuba ifite imitsi isobanutse neza, yoroshye kandi idafite ukugabanuka cyangwa ibiziba. Mu mvugo ya muganga, ibi bisobanura kugira inkuta z’imitsi zisa neza nta mikororombya yiyongera kandi amaraso akagenda neza mu bice byose by’umutima wawe.

Ariko, uko tugenda dusaza, ni ibisanzwe kugira urugero rwa atherosclerosis, ari rwo ruzamuka rugenda rwa plaque mu mitsi yacu. Ikintu cy’ingenzi ni ukugumisha iyi nzira ku rugero ruto no kuyirinda kugera ku rwego rwo kugabanya cyane urujya n’uruza rw’amaraso mu mutima wawe.

Abaganga muri rusange bafata imitsi y’umutima nk’izima iyo ibiziba biri munsi ya 50% mu gice kinini icyo aricyo cyose. Kuri uru rwego, urujya n’uruza rw’amaraso akenshi ruguma ruhagije kugira ngo rutange umwuka wa oxygen n’intungamubiri umutima wawe ukeneye mu bikorwa bisanzwe no gukora imyitozo yo mu rugero.

Amanota yawe ya calcium nayo ashobora gutanga ibisobanuro ku buzima bw’imitsi yawe y’umutima. Inota rya zeru ni ryiza kandi ryerekana ibyago bito byo kurwara umutima mu gihe kiri hafi. Amanota ari hejuru ya 100 yerekana ibyago byo mu rugero, naho amanota ari hejuru ya 400 yerekana ibyago byinshi bishobora gusaba imicungire ikaze.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara y’imitsi y’umutima?

Kumenya ibintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara y’imitsi y’umutima birashobora gufasha wowe na muganga wawe gusobanukirwa ibisubizo bya CT coronary angiogram no gutegura ingamba zikwiye zo gukumira. Ibintu bimwe byongera ibyago ushobora kugenzura, mu gihe ibindi bigize imiterere yawe ya genetike cyangwa inzira isanzwe yo gusaza.

Ibintu byongera ibyago ushobora guhindura birimo:

• Ukunywa itabi cyangwa gukoresha ibicuruzwa by'itabi
• Umubyimba mwinshi w'amaraso (hypertension)
• Urugero rwo hejuru rwa cholesterol
• Indwara ya diyabete cyangwa prediabetes
• Umubyibuho ukabije cyangwa uburemere bwinshi
• Kutagira ibikorwa bya fisikali cyangwa imibereho yo guhora wicaye
• Umuvuduko mwinshi wa stress cyangwa imicungire mibi ya stress
• Imirire idahwitse irimo amavuta menshi yuzuye n'ibiryo bitunganyirijwe

Ibyago utashobora guhindura birimo imyaka yawe, igitsina, n'amateka y'umuryango wawe w'indwara z'umutima. Abagabo basanzwe barwara indwara y'imitsi y'umutima mbere y'abagore, nubwo ibyago by'abagore byiyongera cyane nyuma yo gucura. Kugira ababyeyi cyangwa abavandimwe barwaye indwara y'umutima hakiri kare nabyo byongera ibyago byawe.

Indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora no kongera ibyago byawe, harimo apnea yo gusinzira, indwara ya kronike y'impyiko, n'indwara zifata ubwirinzi nk'umutima wa rheumatoid. Niba ufite ibyago byinshi, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukurikiranwa kenshi cyangwa gukora intervensiyo hakiri kare.

Ese ni byiza kugira amanota make cyangwa menshi ya calcium mu mutima?

Amanota make ya calcium mu mutima ni byiza rwose ku buzima bw'umutima wawe. Inota rya zeru rya calcium ryerekana ko nta calcium igaragara mu mitsi yawe y'umutima, ibyo bikerekana ibyago bike byo kugira ibibazo bikomeye cyangwa guhura n'ibibazo by'umutima mu gihe kiri hafi.

Amanota ya calcium asanzwe asobanurwa mu ntera zihuye n'urwego rutandukanye rw'ibyago by'umutima. Inota rya 1-10 ryerekana ko hariho plaque ntoya, mugihe amanota ya 11-100 yerekana atherosclerosis yoroheje. Amanota ya 101-400 yerekana umubyigano wa plaque wo hagati, naho amanota arenga 400 yerekana atherosclerosis ikabije.

Ariko, ni ngombwa kumva ko amanota ya calcium agaragaza umubare wose wa plaque ya calcified mu mitsi yawe, atari ngombwa urugero rwo kugabanuka. Abantu bamwe barashobora kugira amanota menshi ya calcium ariko bagifite imigezi ihagije y'amaraso, mugihe abandi bashobora kugira ibibazo bikomeye hamwe n'amanota make ya calcium.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku gipimo cyawe cya kalisiyumu hamwe n'ibindi bintu nk'ibimenyetso byawe, ibyago, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange mu gihe cyo gushyiraho uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. N'iyo waba ufite igipimo cya kalisiyumu kiri hejuru, imiti ikwiye n'imibereho myiza bishobora gufasha kwirinda ko bikomeza.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa no guhagarara kw'imitsi y'umutima?

Guhagarara kw'imitsi y'umutima bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye niba bitavuwe, ariko gusobanukirwa n'ibi bishobora kugufasha gukurikiza gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa no gufata imibereho myiza y'umutima. Inkuru nziza ni uko hamwe n'ubuvuzi bwa none, nyinshi muri izi ngaruka zishobora kwirindwa cyangwa zigakira neza.

Ingaruka zikomeye cyane zishobora gutezwa harimo:

• Umutima utera (myocardial infarction) iyo amaraso ahagaritswe mu buryo butunguranye
• Kubabara mu gituza ku buryo buhoraho (angina) mu gihe cyo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa umunaniro
• Kunanirwa k'umutima iyo imitsi y'umutima igenda irushaho kunanuka uko igihe kigenda
• Umutima utera mu buryo butunguranye (arrhythmias) bitewe n'amaraso make
• Urupfu rutunguranye rw'umutima mu gihe gikomeye hamwe no guhagarara kwinshi

Umutima utera iyo guhagarara guhagarika burundu amaraso mu gice cy'imitsi y'umutima wawe. Ibi bishobora kubaho iyo plaque ihagaze ikavamo uruvu rw'amaraso, cyangwa iyo guhagarara bigenda bikomera. Ubuvuzi bwihuse bushobora gukiza amaraso no kugabanya kwangirika kw'imitsi y'umutima.

Ingaruka zihoraho nk'ukunanirwa k'umutima zigaragara buhoro buhoro nk'igihe cyose cyo kutagira amaraso ahagije yangiza imitsi y'umutima wawe uko igihe kigenda. Ariko, hamwe n'ubuvuzi bukwiye burimo imiti, impinduka mu mibereho, rimwe na rimwe n'inzira, abantu benshi barwaye indwara y'imitsi y'umutima babaho ubuzima bwuzuye, bukora.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ugukorana bya hafi n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi kugira ngo ukurikirane uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze kandi uhindure imiti uko bikwiye. Ibyo guhura na muganga buri gihe no gukurikiza gahunda yawe y'imiti bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo guhura n'izo ngorane.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga ku bijyanye n'imitsi y'umutima?

Ugomba guhamagara umuganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye ibimenyetso byose bishobora kwerekana ibibazo by'imitsi y'umutima. Ntukegere ngo urebe niba ibimenyetso byikiza byonyine, cyane cyane niba ufite ibintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara umutima cyangwa niba CT yawe ya coronary angiogram yerekanye ibitagenda neza.

Shaka ubufasha bwihuse bw'ubuvuzi kubera ibi bimenyetso byo kwitondera:

• Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa umuvundo, cyane cyane iyo ukora imirimo
• Kugufiha mu gihe ukora imirimo isanzwe
• Urubavu rubabaza rwerekeza mu maboko yawe, mu ijosi, mu ruhanga cyangwa mu mugongo
• Kunanirwa cyangwa kunanuka bidasanzwe
• Kuribwa umutwe cyangwa kumva ureremba hamwe n'umuvundo mu gituza
• Urugimbu cyangwa kubira ibyuya hamwe n'ibimenyetso byo mu gituza

Hamagara serivisi zihutirwa ako kanya niba ubonye kubabara gukabije mu gituza, cyane cyane niba byerekezwa no kubira ibyuya, urugimbu, cyangwa kugufiha. Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso byo gufatwa n'umutima, bisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse kugira ngo birinde kwangirika kw'imitsi y'umutima ihoraho.

Ugomba kandi guteganya guhura na muganga buri gihe niba CT yawe ya coronary angiogram yerekanye urwego urwo arirwo rwose rw'indwara y'imitsi y'umutima. N'ubwo guhagarara guto bikeneye gukurikiranwa kugira ngo byemeze ko bitagenda, kandi umuganga wawe ashobora gushaka guhindura imiti yawe cyangwa kugusaba ibindi bizami bitewe n'uko wumva umeze.

Ibikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye na CT coronary angiogram

Q.1 Ese ikizamini cya CT coronary angiogram ni cyiza mu kumenya indwara y'umutima?

Yego, CT coronary angiogram ni nziza cyane mu kumenya indwara zifata imitsi y'umutima, cyane cyane ku bantu bafite ibyago byo kurwara umutima biri hagati. Iyi test ishobora kumenya ibiziba bito nk'ibya 50% kandi ni nziza cyane mu kwerekana ko nta ndwara ikomeye y'imitsi y'umutima ihari iyo ibisubizo bisanzwe.

Iyi test ifite urwego rwo hejuru cyane rwo kumenya ibiziba bishobora gusaba kuvurwa. Ariko, ni ingirakamaro cyane ku bantu bafite ibimenyetso byerekana ko bashobora kurwara umutima ariko batari mu kaga gakomeye ku buryo bahita bajya mu nzira zikomeye. Muganga wawe azemeza niba iyi test ikwiriye hashingiwe ku miterere yawe yihariye n'ibimenyetso.

Q.2 Ese amanota menshi ya calcium mu mutima buri gihe asobanura ko nkeneye kubagwa?

Oya, amanota menshi ya calcium mu mutima ntisobanura mu buryo bwikora ko ukeneye kubagwa cyangwa inzira zikomeye. Abantu benshi bafite amanota ya calcium yiyongereye bashobora kuvurwa neza bakoresheje imiti no guhindura imibereho yabo bifasha gukumira ikindi gice cy'amaraso no kugabanya ibyago byo gufatwa n'umutima.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku manota yawe ya calcium hamwe n'ibimenyetso byawe, ibisubizo by'izindi test, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange mu gihe cyo gushyiraho uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Kubagwa cyangwa inzira nka angioplasty bikunze gukoreshwa gusa iyo ufite ibiziba bikomeye bitera ibimenyetso cyangwa ibyago byinshi byo gufatwa n'umutima.

Q.3 Ese nshobora kugira CT coronary angiogram isanzwe ariko nkagira ibibazo by'umutima?

Nubwo CT coronary angiogram isanzwe yongera icyizere kandi yerekana ibyago bito byo gufatwa n'umutima biturutse ku ndwara zifata imitsi y'umutima, ntisobanura burundu ibibazo byose by'umutima. Ushobora kuba ufite ibibazo nk'indwara z'umutima, ibibazo by'imitsi y'umutima, cyangwa indwara z'imitsi y'umutima iyi test itagenzura.

Byongeye kandi, ibiziba bito cyane cyangwa plaque yoroshye itarashyirwamo calcium rimwe na rimwe irashobora kutagaragara. Ariko, niba CT coronary angiogram yawe isanzwe, ibyago byawe byo gufatwa n'umutima biturutse ku ndwara zifata imitsi y'umutima mu myaka mike iri imbere ni bito cyane.

Q.4 Ni kangahe nkwiriye gusubiramo CT coronary angiogram?

Uburyo bwo gusubiramo CT coronary angiograms biterwa n'ibisubizo byawe byambere n'ibintu bigushyira mu kaga. Niba isesengura ryawe rya mbere ryari risanzwe rwose kandi ufite ibintu bike bigushyira mu kaga, ntushobora gukenera irindi sesengura mu myaka myinshi, niba na rimwe.

Niba isesengura ryawe ryerekanye ibibazo bito kugeza ku birenze gato, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gusubiramo isesengura buri myaka 3-5 kugirango akurikirane uko bigenda. Abantu bafite ibintu byinshi bibashyira mu kaga cyangwa ibisubizo bikomeye bashobora gukenera gukurikiranwa kenshi hamwe no gusubiramo CT scans cyangwa izindi ngingo z'ibizamini by'umutima.

Q.5 Mbese hari ibyago byo kugira CT coronary angiogram?

CT coronary angiogram muri rusange ni nziza cyane, ariko nk'ikizamini icyo aricyo cyose cy'ubuvuzi, gifite ibyago bito. Impungenge zikomeye ni ukugaragaza imirasire n'ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'amabara atandukanye, nubwo ibibazo bikomeye bidakunze kubaho.

Imirasire igaragara ihwanye n'imyaka 1-2 y'imirasire isanzwe, ifatwa nk'ikwiriye kubera amakuru y'agaciro abonetse. Ibikorwa by'amabara atandukanye ntibisanzwe kandi akenshi ni bike, bigizwe no kuruka cyangwa uruhu. Ibikorwa bikomeye bya allergique bibaho kuri munsi ya 1% by'abarwayi kandi birashobora kuvurwa neza iyo bibayeho.