Icyo CT Scan ari cyo? Impamvu, Uburyo & Ibivamo

CT scan ni ikizamini cyo mu buvuzi gifata amashusho arambuye y'imbere mu mubiri wawe ukoresheje imirasire ya X na tekinoloji ya mudasobwa. Bitekereze nk'uburyo buhanitse bwa X-ray isanzwe ishobora kureba ibice by'umubiri wawe, amagufa, n'imitsi mu bice bito, nk'uko wareba mu mpapuro z'igitabo.

Ubu buryo butabangamiye bufasha abaganga kumenya indwara, indwara, no gukurikirana ubuzima bwawe neza cyane. Uzaryama ku meza yinjira mu mashini nini, ifite ishusho ya donut, mugihe ifata amafoto y'umubiri wawe ituje.

CT scan ni iki?

CT scan, yitwa kandi CAT scan, isobanura "computed tomography." Ihuza amafoto menshi ya X-ray afatwa ku mpande zitandukanye z'umubiri wawe kugirango akore amashusho y'amagufa yawe, imitsi y'amaraso, n'imitsi yoroshye.

Imashini izenguruka mugihe uryamye utuje, ifata amafoto menshi arambuye mumunota muke. Mudasobwa noneho itunganya aya mashusho kugirango akore amashusho asobanutse, arambuye abaganga bashobora gusuzuma kuri ecran.

Bitandukanye na X-ray isanzwe yerekana amagufa gusa neza, CT scan yerekana imitsi yoroshye nk'ubwonko bwawe, umutima, ibihaha, n'umwijima neza cyane. Ibi bituma bifite agaciro gakomeye mugusuzuma indwara zitandukanye.

Kuki CT scan ikorwa?

Abaganga basaba CT scan kugirango basuzume indwara, gukurikirana iterambere ry'imiti, no kuyobora uburyo bumwe. Iki kizamini cyo gushushanya kibafasha kureba imbere mumubiri wawe batagize ibikomere cyangwa ibikomere.

Muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka CT scan niba urimo guhura nibimenyetso bitasobanuwe nk'ububabare buhoraho, ibibyimba bidasanzwe, cyangwa impinduka ziteye inkeke mubuzima bwawe. Ikoreshwa kandi nyuma y'impanuka kugirango barebe ibikomere byo imbere.

Dore impamvu nyamukuru abaganga bakoresha CT scan, kandi gusobanukirwa ibi birashobora kugufasha gukuraho impungenge zose ushobora kugira kubera impamvu muganga wawe yasabye iki kizamini:

• Kumenya imvune zatewe n'impanuka cyangwa kugwa, cyane cyane ibikomere byo mu mutwe no kuva amaraso imbere mu mubiri
• Kumenya kanseri, ibibyimba, cyangwa ibindi byiyongera bidasanzwe ahantu hose mu mubiri wawe
• Kureba niba imiti ivura kanseri ikora neza
• Kureba niba amaraso atariziba, cyane cyane mu muhogo cyangwa mu maguru
• Kureba indwara z'umutima n'ibibazo by'imitsi y'amaraso
• Kumenya indwara zandura, cyane cyane mu nda cyangwa mu gituza
• Kuyobora ibizamini bya biopsies n'izindi nzira z'ubuvuzi
• Kumenya amabuye yo mu mpyiko cyangwa mu nyababyeyi
• Kureba imvune zo mu magufa n'ibibazo byo mu ngingo
• Kureba kuva amaraso imbere mu mubiri cyangwa kwiyongera kw'amazi

Ibyo bibazo byinshi biravurwa iyo byamenyekanye hakiri kare, ni yo mpamvu CT scans ari ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo kumenya indwara. Muganga wawe arimo gukusanya amakuru akenewe kugira ngo aguhe ubuvuzi bwiza bushoboka.

Ni iki gikorerwa muri CT scan?

Uburyo bwa CT scan buroroshye kandi busanzwe bufata iminota 10-30 kuva utangira kugeza urangije. Uzahindura imyenda y'ibitaro ukureho imitako yose y'icyuma cyangwa ibindi bintu bishobora kubuza ishusho kugaragara neza.

Umuhanga mu by'ikoranabuhanga azagushyira ku meza yagutse yinjira muri CT scanner, isa n'umukate munini. Uruzitiro rugufi ku buryo abantu benshi batumva bafite ubwoba, kandi urashobora kureba ukarenga.

Ibi nibyo bibaho mugihe cyo gukora isesengura, intambwe ku yindi, kugirango umenye neza icyo witegura:

1. Uzasanzura ku meza yuzuye ibitambaro, akenshi uryamye ku mugongo
2. Umu teknologiste ashobora gukoresha imisego cyangwa imikanda kugirango agufashe kuguma mu mwanya ukwiye
3. Niba ukeneye irangi rinyuzwa mu maraso, rizatangwa binyuze muri IV cyangwa unywa
4. Imeza izagushyira buhoro buhoro mu cyuho cy'icyuma
5. Icyuma kizakora amajwi y'urujya n'uruza cyangwa yo gukanda mugihe gifata amafoto
6. Bizaba ngombwa guhagarika umwuka mu gihe gito (amasegonda 10-20) mugihe ubitegetswe
7. Imeza ishobora kwimuka gato hagati y'amatsinda atandukanye y'amashusho
8. Umu teknologiste azavugana nawe binyuze muri interikom
9. Urashobora gukanda buto yo guhamagara niba ukeneye ubufasha igihe icyo aricyo cyose

Gusuzuma nyako bifata iminota mike gusa, nubwo gahunda yose ishobora kumara igihe kirekire niba ukeneye irangi rinyuzwa mu maraso cyangwa ibizamini byinshi. Uzashobora gutaha ako kanya nyuma yaho kandi ugasubira mu bikorwa byawe bisanzwe.

Ni gute wakwitegura isuzuma rya CT?

Isuzuma rya CT ryinshi risaba gutegurwa gake, ariko ibiro bya muganga wawe bizaguha amabwiriza yihariye ashingiye ku gice cy'umubiri wawe kiri gusuzumwa. Gukurikiza aya mabwiriza bifasha kugaragaza amashusho asobanutse kandi yizewe.

Niba isuzuma ryawe risaba irangi rinyuzwa mu maraso, ushobora gukenera kwirinda kurya cyangwa kunywa amasaha menshi mbere yaho. Ibi bifasha kwirinda isesemi kandi bigatuma ibikoresho by'irangi bikora neza.

Ukwitegura kwawe bishobora gukubiyemo izi ntambwe z'ingenzi, kandi kubitaho mbere y'igihe bizatuma gahunda yawe igenda neza:

• Kura imitako yose, impeta, n'ibindi bintu byose by'icyuma mbere yo gukorerwa isesengura
• Wambare imyenda yoroshye, itagufashe cyane kandi idafite imigozi cyangwa ibindi bintu by'icyuma
• Bwira muganga wawe imiti yose urimo gufata
• Menyesha abakozi niba utwite cyangwa ushobora kuba utwite
• Vuga niba ufite allergie, cyane cyane ku rangi rishobora gutuma umubiri uhinduka cyangwa iodine
• Kurikiza amabwiriza yo kwirinda kurya niba isesengura ryawe risaba ibikoresho byo gutuma umubiri uhinduka
• Nywa amazi menshi mbere yo gukorerwa isesengura risaba ibikoresho byo kunywa
• Tegura uburyo bwo gutwara niba uzahabwa imiti igutera gusinzira
• Zana urutonde rw'imiti urimo gufata ubu
• Gera ahantu bazagukoreraho isesengura mbere y'iminota 15-30 kugira ngo wandikishe kandi ukore impapuro

Niba ufite ibibazo by'impyiko cyangwa diyabete, gerageza kubiganiraho na muganga wawe mbere y'igihe. Bashobora gukenera guhindura uburyo bwo kwitegura cyangwa gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye kugira ngo bagufashe kuguma mu mutekano.

Ni gute usoma ibisubizo byawe bya CT scan?

Umuganga w'indwara zerekeye imirasire, umuganga wihuguye mu buryo bwihariye mu gusoma amashusho y'ubuvuzi, azasesengura CT scan yawe akandika raporo irambuye kuri muganga wawe. Ubusanzwe uzabona ibisubizo mu minsi mike nyuma yo gukorerwa isesengura.

Muganga wawe azasobanura icyo ibisubizo bisobanuye ku buzima bwawe kandi aganire ku ntambwe zikurikira zikenewe. Raporo za CT scan zishobora kugaragara nk'izigoye, ariko umuganga wawe azahindura amagambo y'ubuvuzi mu rurimi ushobora kumva.

Dore icyo ibintu bitandukanye kuri CT scan yawe bishobora kwerekana, nubwo wibuke ko muganga wawe ari we muntu mwiza wo gusobanura icyo ibi bisobanuye ku miterere yawe yihariye:

• Ibisubizo bisanzwe bisobanura ko nta kidahwitse cyabonetse ahantu hakozwe isesengura
• Ibisubizo bidasanzwe bishobora kwerekana ibibyimba, indwara zandura, cyangwa ibibazo by'imiterere
• Kongeramo itandukaniro rishobora gufasha kumenya ahantu hari ububyimbirizi cyangwa imitemo idasanzwe y'amaraso
• Ubugari bufasha gukurikirana impinduka uko igihe kigenda
• Amakuru yerekeye ubucucike bw'amagufa yerekana imvune cyangwa indwara z'amagufa
• Imiterere n'imyanya by'umubiri byerekana niba ibintu byose biri ahantu bikwiye
• Ibyegeranyo by'amazi bishobora kwerekana indwara zandura cyangwa kuva amaraso
• Isesengura ry'imitsi y'amaraso rishobora kugaragaza ibiziba cyangwa ibitagenda neza

Wibuke ko ibintu bidasanzwe bitavuze buri gihe ko hari ikintu gikomeye kitagenda neza. Indwara nyinshi ziboneka ku isesengura rya CT ziravurwa, kandi kumenya hakiri kare akenshi bituma habaho ibisubizo byiza.

Ni izihe ngaruka n'ibibazo bya CT scans?

CT scans muri rusange ni nziza cyane, ariko nk'ubundi buryo bwo mu buvuzi, bifite ingaruka ntoya. Ikibazo gikunze kugaragara ni imirasire, nubwo umubare ukoreshwa muri CT scanners ya none ugumwa hasi gashoboka mugihe hakiri gukora amashusho asobanutse.

Urwego rw'imirasire kuva muri CT scan ruri hejuru ya X-ray isanzwe ariko ruri hasi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, bisa nk'imirasire isanzwe wakira mu mezi make kugeza ku myaka mike.

Dore ingaruka zishobora kumenyekana, nubwo ibibazo bikomeye bidasanzwe:

• Kugaragazwa n'imirasire, bikongera gato ibyago byo kurwara kanseri mu buzima bwose
• Uko umubiri witwara ku buryo budasanzwe ku ruvange rw'amabara, kuva ku rworoshye kugeza ku rukomeye
• Ibibazo by'impyiko biturutse ku bintu bitandukanye, cyane cyane ku bantu bafite indwara z'impyiko
• Isesemi cyangwa kuruka biturutse ku ruvange rw'amabara yo mu kanwa
• Uburibwe ahaterwa urushinge niba irangi rivuye muri IV
• Guhora mu rujijo cyangwa ubwoba bwo gufungirwa, nubwo ibi bidasanzwe kubera imiterere ifunguye

Abagore batwite bagomba kwirinda gukoresha CT scans keretse bibaye ngombwa cyane, kuko imirasire ishobora gukomeretsa umwana ukiri mu nda. Buri gihe bwire umuganga wawe niba utwite cyangwa ushobora kuba utwite.

Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rifata ingamba zose zo kugabanya ibyago mugihe cyo kubona amashusho akenewe kugirango bakwitaho. Inyungu zo kumenya neza indwara hafi ya zose ziruta ibyago bito birimo.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga ku bijyanye n'ibisubizo bya CT scan?

Umuganga wawe azakwandikira igihe ibisubizo byawe bya CT scan bizaba byiteguye, akenshi muminsi mike. Bazategura gahunda yo gusuzuma ibyavuye muri scan no kuganira ku ntambwe zikurikira ziteganijwe kugirango bakwitaho.

Ntugire impungenge niba umuganga wawe ashaka kukubona imbonankubone kugirango baganire ku bisubizo. Ibi ni ibisanzwe kandi ntibisobanura ko hari ikitagenda neza. Abaganga benshi bakunda kugirana ibiganiro imbonankubone kubisubizo byose, byaba bisanzwe cyangwa bitari bisanzwe.

Ugomba kuvugisha ibiro by'umuganga wawe niba uhuye n'imwe muri izi ngorane nyuma ya CT scan:

• Ntumvise ibyerekeye ibisubizo byawe muminsi irindwi nyuma ya scan
• Ugaragaza ibimenyetso bishya cyangwa bikomeza mugihe utegereje ibisubizo
• Ufite ibibazo kubijyanye n'ibisubizo byawe cyangwa ubuvuzi bwateganijwe
• Ugaragaza ibimenyetso byatinze bya contrast dye, nko kuribwa cyangwa kubyimba
• Ukeneye kopi z'amashusho yawe kugirango uyashyikirize undi muganga cyangwa kugirango utange igitekerezo cya kabiri
• Ufite impungenge kubijyanye n'ibisubizo kandi ukeneye kwemezwa

Wibuke ko itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rihari kugirango rigushyigikire muri ubu buryo. Ntukazuyaze kubaza ibibazo cyangwa kugaragaza impungenge kubijyanye na CT scan yawe cyangwa ibisubizo.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa bijyanye na CT scans

Q1: Ese CT scan iruta MRI?

CT scans na MRIs zombi ni ibikoresho byiza byo gushushanya, ariko bikora ibintu bitandukanye. CT scans ni byihuse kandi byiza mugushushanya amagufwa, kumenya kuva amaraso, no mumahurizo, mugihe MRIs itanga ibisobanuro birambuye bya tissue yoroshye idakoresha imirasire.

Muganga wawe ahitamo ikizamini cyiza cyo gupima ishusho hashingiwe ku cyo akeneye kureba n'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye. Rimwe na rimwe ushobora gukenera ubwoko bwombi bwo gupima kugira ngo ubone ishusho yuzuye y'ubuzima bwawe.

Q2: Ese ibizamini bya CT bishobora kumenya ubwoko bwose bwa kanseri?

Ibizamini bya CT bishobora kumenya ubwoko bwinshi bwa kanseri, ariko ntibitunganye mu gushaka kanseri zose. Bitanga umusaruro mwinshi mu kumenya ibibyimba binini n'ibindi bintu, ariko kanseri nto cyane ntishobora kugaragara neza ku mashusho.

Kanseri zimwe na zimwe zimenyekana neza n'ibindi bizamini nk'ibya MRI, PET, cyangwa ibizamini by'amaraso byihariye. Muganga wawe azagusaba ibizamini bikwiye byo gupima no gupima hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byawe n'ibintu bigushyira mu kaga.

Q3: Ni kangahe nshobora gukoresha ibizamini bya CT mu buryo butekanye?

Nta kigero gishyirwaho cy'ibizamini bya CT ushobora gukora, kuko icyemezo giterwa n'ibyo ukeneye mu buvuzi n'inyungu zishoboka ugereranije n'ibibazo. Abaganga bazirikana neza imirasire kandi bagategeka gupima gusa iyo amakuru yo gupima ari ngombwa ku kwita ku buzima bwawe.

Niba ukeneye ibizamini byinshi bya CT, ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi izakurikiza imirasire yawe yegeranye kandi ishobora gutanga ibindi buryo bwo gupima iyo bikwiye. Inyungu z'ubuvuzi zo gupima neza akenshi ziruta akaga gato k'imirasire.

Q4: Ese nzajya numva mfite ubwoba bwo gufungirwa muri CT scan?

Abantu benshi ntibagira ubwoba bwo gufungirwa mugihe cyo gupima CT kuko imashini ifite igishushanyo kinini, gifunguye. Urufunguzo ruraguka cyane kurusha imashini ya MRI, kandi urashobora kureba ukanyura ku rundi ruhande mugihe cyo gupima.

Niba wumva ufite impungenge, umuhanga mu by'ikoranabuhanga ashobora kuvugana nawe mugihe cyose cy'inzira kandi ashobora gutanga imiti yoroheje niba bibaye ngombwa. Gupima ubwabyo birihuta cyane kurusha MRI, akenshi bifata iminota mike gusa.

Q5: Ese nshobora kurya bisanzwe nyuma yo gupimwa na CT hamwe n'itandukaniro?

Yego, ushobora gusubira ku ifunguro ryawe risanzwe ako kanya nyuma yo gukoresha CT scan hamwe na contrast. Mubyukuri, kunywa amazi menshi nyuma ya scan bifasha gukuramo contrast material mu mubiri wawe vuba.

Abantu bamwe bashobora kugira isesemi ryoroheje cyangwa uburyohe bwa metallic mu kanwa kabo nyuma yo kwakira contrast dye, ariko ibi bigaragara ni iby'agateganyo kandi mubisanzwe bikemuka mu masaha make. Vugana na muganga wawe niba ugize ibimenyetso bihoraho cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kwibasirwa n'umubiri.