Ibizamini bya Cytochrome P450 (CYP450)
Ibyerekeye iki kizamini
Ibizamini bya Cytochrome P450, bizwi kandi nka CYP450, ni ibizamini bya genotyping. Umuganga wawe ashobora gukoresha ibizamini bya Cytochrome P450 kugira ngo afashe kumenya umuvuduko umubiri wawe ukoresha kandi ukuramo imiti. Uko umubiri ukoresha kandi ukuramo imiti bita gutunganya cyangwa metabolize. Enzyme za Cytochrome P450 zifasha umubiri gutunganya imiti. Imigenzereze y'imiterere y'impeshyi iherwa mu miryango ishobora gutera impinduka muri izo enzyme, bityo imiti igira ingaruka kuri buri muntu mu buryo butandukanye.
Impamvu bikorwa
Imiti igabanya ihungabana, yitwa imiti igabanya ihungabana, isanzwe ihabwa ishingiwe ku bimenyetso n'amateka y'ubuzima. Kuri bamwe, imiti ya mbere igabanya ihungabana igeragezwa igabanya ibimenyetso by'ihungabana, kandi ingaruka mbi ntizitera ibibazo bikomeye. Kuri benshi, kubona imiti ikwiye bisaba kugerageza no kwibeshya. Rimwe na rimwe bishobora gufata amezi menshi cyangwa birenga kugira ngo ubone imiti igabanya ihungabana ikwiye. Ibizamini bya CYP450 bishobora kugaragaza imiterere itandukanye mu enzymes nyinshi, nka enzyme ya CYP2D6 na CYP2C19. Enzyme ya CYP2D6 itunganya imiti myinshi igabanya ihungabana n'imiti yo mu mutwe. Izindi enzymes nka enzyme ya CYP2C19 nanone itunganya imiti imwe igabanya ihungabana. Ugenzura ADN yawe kugira ngo ubone imiterere runaka ya gene, ibizamini bya CYP450 birimo ibizamini bya CYP2D6 n'ibizamini bya CYP2C19 bishobora gutanga amakuru yerekeye uko umubiri wawe ushobora gusubiza imiti runaka igabanya ihungabana. Ibizamini bya genotyping, nka bizamini bya cytochrome P450, bishobora kwihutisha igihe bisaba kubona imiti umubiri ushobora gutunganya neza. Mu buryo bwiza, gutunganya neza bituma habaho ingaruka nke mbi kandi bikora neza kugira ngo bigabanye ibimenyetso. Ibizamini bya CYP450 byo guhangana n'ihungabana bisanzwe bikorerwa gusa iyo imiti ya mbere igabanya ihungabana idakora. Ibizamini bya genotyping nanone bikorerwa mu bindi bice by'ubuvuzi. Urugero, ikizamini cya CYP2D6 gishobora gufasha kumenya niba imiti runaka yo kuvura kanseri, nka tamoxifen yo kuvura kanseri y'amabere, ishobora gukora neza. Ikindi kizamini cya CYP450, ikizamini cya CYP2C9, gishobora gufasha kubona umunono mwiza w'umuti ugabanya amaraso warfarin kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago by'ingaruka mbi. Ariko umuganga wawe ashobora kugutekerezaho undi muti ugabanya amaraso. Ubuvuzi bwa pharmacogenomics burakura, kandi ibizamini byinshi bya genotyping biriho. Ibizamini bya CYP450 birakomeza kuba byinshi uko abaganga bagerageza kumva impamvu imiti igabanya ihungabana ifasha bamwe ariko ntiifashe abandi. Ibizamini bitandukanye cyane bitewe n'ubwoko bw'imiti bareba n'uburyo ibizamini bikorwa. Nubwo ikoreshwa ry'ibyo bizamini rishobora kwiyongera, hariho utudomo. Ushobora kugura ibicuruzwa byo kwipima pharmacogenetic iwawe. Ibyo bizamini byo kwipima ubwabyo biriho nta cyemezo cy'umuganga. Ibizamini bitandukanye cyane mu gene bareba n'uburyo ibyavuye mu bizamini bitangwa. Ukuri kw'ibyo bizamini byo kwipima iwawe ntibibujijwe, kandi akenshi ntibifasha mu gufata ibyemezo ku bijyanye n'imiti. Niba uhisemo gukoresha ikizamini cyo kwipima iwawe, ni byiza kuzana ibyavuye mu bizamini ku muganga cyangwa umuganga w'imiti azi ubwo bwoko bw'ibizamini. Hamwe mushobora kuganira ku byavuye mu bizamini n'icyo bivuze kuri wowe.
Ingaruka n’ibibazo
Ibizamini byo gupima mu gishishwa cyo mu matama, amashyira, n'amaraso nta kaga bifite hafi ya nta na kimwe. Akaga gakomeye ku bipimo by'amaraso ni ububabare cyangwa ibikomere aho amaraso yakuwe. Abantu benshi nta ngaruka zikomeye bagira iyo bakuwe amaraso.
Uko witegura
Mbere y'igipimo cyo gupima mu ijosi, bashobora kukusaba gutegereza iminota 30 nyuma yo kurya, kunywa, kunywa itabi cyangwa kuruma iminyanya.
Icyo kwitega
Mu bipimo bya cytochrome P450, igice cy'umubiri wawe cya DNA gifatwa hakoreshejwe imwe muri iyi buryo: Gusukura akanwa. Agatambara k'ipamba gasukura imbere y'akanwa kugira ngo hafatwe igice cy'uturemangingo. Gukusanya amacandwe. Urasuka amacandwe mu icupa ryo kuyabika. Ibizamini by'amaraso. Igice cy'amaraso gifatwa mu mutsi wo mu kuboko kwawe.
Gusobanukirwa ibisubizo byawe
Bisanzwe birafata iminsi myinshi kugera ku cyumweru kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo byo gupima cytochrome P450. Urashobora kuvugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa umuganga w'imiti ku bijyanye n'ibyo bisubizo n'uburyo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo bwo kuvura. Ibizamini bya CYP450 bitanga amakuru yerekeye uko umubiri wawe ukoresha kandi ukuraho imiti harebwa enzyme runaka. Uko umubiri ukoresha kandi ukuraho imiti bita gutunganya cyangwa kubyara. Ibisubizo bishobora gushyirwa hamwe bitewe n'uburyo bwihuse ubungabunga imiti runaka. Urugero, ibisubizo byo gupima CYP2D6 bishobora kwerekana ubwoko buri muri buri bwoko bune bukukurikira: Umuntu udakora neza. Niba udafite enzyme cyangwa ufite bike, ushobora gutunganya imiti runaka buhoro kurusha abandi bantu. Imiti ishobora kwiyongera mu mubiri wawe. Iyi myiyongere ishobora kongera ibyago byo kwibasirwa n'ingaruka mbi z'imiti. Ushobora kungukirwa n'iyi miti, ariko ku bwinshi buke. Umuntu ukora neza gato. Niba ibizamini byerekana ko enzyme idakora neza nkuko byari biteganijwe, ushobora kudatunganya imiti imwe neza nk'abantu bitwa abatunganya neza. Ariko uko imiti ikora ku bantu bakora neza gato ni kimwe n'uko ikora ku bantu bakora neza. Umuntu ukora neza. Niba ibizamini byerekana ko utunganya imiti imwe nkuko byari biteganijwe kandi mu buryo busanzwe, ushobora kungukirwa no kuvurwa kandi ugira ingaruka mbi nke kurusha abantu badatunganya iyo miti neza. Umuntu ukora vuba cyane. Muri iki gihe, imiti iva mu mubiri wawe vuba cyane, akenshi mbere yuko iboneka kugira ngo ikore nkuko bikwiye. Uzaba ukeneye umunyu urenze ubusanzwe w'iyi miti. Ibizamini bya CYP450 bishobora kandi gutanga amakuru yerekeye imiti ikenera gutunganywa kugira ngo ibe ifite akamaro gakomeye na enzyme ya cytochrome P450 kugira ngo ikore. Iyi miti yitwa prodrugs. Urugero, tamoxifen ni prodrug. Igomba kubungabungwa cyangwa gukorwa mbere yuko igira ingaruka zifuzwa. Umuntu udafite enzyme ihagije ikora kandi adakora neza ashobora kutamenya gukora imiti ihagije kugira ngo ikore nkuko bikwiye. Umuntu ukora vuba cyane ashobora gukora imiti myinshi, bishobora gutera overdose. Gupima CYP450 ntibifasha kuri antidepresseurs zose, ariko bishobora gutanga amakuru yerekeye uko ushobora gutunganya zimwe muri zo. Urugero: Enzyme ya CYP2D6 ifite uruhare mu gutunganya antidepresseurs nka fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine (Paxil), fluvoxamine (Luvox), venlafaxine (Effexor XR), duloxetine (Cymbalta, Drizalma Sprinkle) na vortioxetine (Trintellix). Enzyme kandi ifite uruhare mu gutunganya antidepresseurs za tricyclic nka nortriptyline (Pamelor), amitriptyline, clomipramine (Anafranil), desipramine (Norpramin) na imipramine. Zimwe muri antidepresseurs, nka fluoxetine na paroxetine, zishobora kandi gutuma enzyme ya CYP2D6 iduka. Enzyme ya CYP2C19 ifite uruhare mu gutunganya citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) na sertraline (Zoloft).
Umuhakana: Kanama ni urubuga rw'amakuru y'ubuzima kandi ibisubizo byayo ntibigize inama z'ubuvuzi. Jya ubona umuganga ufite uruhushya rwo gukorera hafi yawe mbere yo gukora impinduka izo ari zo zose.