Ni iki cyitwa kubaga kugira ngo hatangwe impyiko? Intego, Uburyo & Gukira

Kubaga kugira ngo hatangwe impyiko ni uburyo bwo kubaga aho impyiko imwe nzima ikurwa ku muntu muzima kugira ngo yimurwe ku muntu urwaye impyiko. Uku kubaga gutabara ubuzima bituma ufasha undi muntu kugarura ubuzima bwe mu gihe ukiriho kandi ukaba ubayeho ubuzima busanzwe hamwe n'impyiko yawe isigaye.

Gutanga impyiko ukiriho bigaragaza kimwe mu bikorwa by'ubugiraneza bya mbere na mbere by'ubuvuzi. Impyiko yawe imwe nzima ishobora gukora neza nk'impyiko ebyiri ku bantu benshi, bigatuma ubu buryo bwo kubaga buba bwizewe kandi bufite icyo busobanura cyane.

Ni iki cyitwa kubaga kugira ngo hatangwe impyiko?

Kubaga kugira ngo hatangwe impyiko ni ukuraho impyiko nzima ku muntu muzima kugira ngo yimurwe. Ubu buryo bwo kubaga busanzwe bufata amasaha 2-4 kandi bushobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo butagira ingaruka nyinshi.

Mugihe cyo kubaga, umuganga wawe azakuraho impyiko imwe yitonze mu gihe arengera ibindi byose byegereyeho. Impyiko yawe isigaye izahita yimenyereza gukora akazi kose, mubisanzwe mu byumweru bike nyuma yo kubagwa.

Kubaga kugira ngo hatangwe impyiko muri iki gihe hakoreshwa uburyo bwa laparoscopic, bisobanura ko hakoreshwa ibikomere bito kandi igihe cyo gukira kigabanuka. Ubu buryo bwatumye gutanga impyiko biba byoroshye cyane kurusha kubaga gakondo.

Kuki kubaga kugira ngo hatangwe impyiko bikorwa?

Kubaga kugira ngo hatangwe impyiko bikorwa kugira ngo bitange impyiko nzima ku muntu urwaye indwara y'impyiko igeze ku iherezo. Impyiko zitangwa n'abantu bazima zikora neza kandi zikamarana igihe kirekire kurusha impyiko zitangwa n'abapfuye.

Abantu benshi bahitamo gutanga kuko bashaka gufasha umuntu wo mu muryango wabo, inshuti, cyangwa ndetse n'umuntu batazi kwirinda dialysis cyangwa guteza imbere imibereho yabo. Uwakiriye akenshi ahita agira impinduka nziza mu buzima bwe no mu rwego rw'imbaraga ze.

Gutanga ukiriho kandi bituma habaho kubaga kwateguwe mu gihe cyiza ku mutanga n'uwakiriye. Iki gihe cyo guhindagurika akenshi gituma habaho ibisubizo byiza ugereranije no gutegereza impyiko itanzwe n'uwapfuye.

Ni iki gikorwa cyo gukuraho impyiko y'uwatanze?

Ikorwa ryo gukuraho impyiko y'uwatanze ritangirana na anesite rusange kugira ngo wumve neza mu gihe cyose cyo kubagwa. Itsinda ry'abaganga bakubaga bazakugenzura neza mu gihe cyose cy'iki gikorwa.

Ibi nibyo bibaho mu gihe cyo kubagwa, intambwe ku yindi:

1. Imisego mito ikorwa mu nda yawe kugira ngo ibikoresho byo kubaga bishyirweho
2. Gaze ya karubone diyokiside ikoreshwa kugira ngo habeho umwanya wo korohereza umuganga kubaga neza
3. Impyiko itandukanywa neza n'ibindi bice biyikikije n'imitsi y'amaraso
4. Imitsi y'amaraso na ureteri birafatwa kandi bigakatwa neza
5. Impyiko ishyirwa mu gakapu gakoreshwa mu kurinda hanyuma igakurwaho hakoreshejwe imisego mito
6. Imisego yose irafungwa hakoreshejwe imitsi cyangwa urushinge rukoreshwa mu kubaga

Impyiko yakurwaho ihita itegurwa hanyuma igaterwa mu wakiriye, akenshi mu cyumba cyo kubagiramo gikurikira. Iyi mpinduka yihuse ifasha kumenya neza ko habaho ibisubizo byiza kuri mwembi.

Kubaga hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bito (Laparoscopic) n'uburyo bwo kubaga busanzwe

Ubu buryo bwo gukuraho impyiko y'uwatanze akenshi bukorerwa hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bito, bivuze gukoresha imisego mito na kamera kugira ngo bigende neza mu gihe cyo kubaga. Ubu buryo akenshi butuma umuntu atababara cyane, akamara igihe gito mu bitaro, kandi agahita akira vuba.

Kubaga bisanzwe bishobora gushoboka mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, nk'igihe ibintu by'umubiri bituma kubaga hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bito bigorana. Umuganga ukubaga azaganira nawe ku buryo bwiza bujyanye n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze mu gihe cyo kugusuzuma.

Ni gute witegura gukurwaho impyiko y'uwatanze?

Kwitegura gukurwaho impyiko y'uwatanze bikubiyemo ibizamini byinshi by'ubuvuzi kugira ngo hamenyekane neza ko ufite ubuzima bwiza buhagije bwo kubagwa no gutanga. Ubu buryo bwo gusuzuma akenshi bufata ibyumweru byinshi kugira ngo burangire.

Uko kwitegura bizakubiyemo ibizamini by'amaraso, ibizamini by'amashusho, n'ibiganiro n'abagize itsinda ry'ubuvuzi. Uzahabwa kandi amakuru arambuye ku byo witegura mbere, mu gihe cyo kubagwa, na nyuma yaho.

Dore intambwe z'ingenzi zo kwitegura ugomba gukurikiza:

• Kuzuza amateka y'ubuvuzi n'ibizamini by'umubiri
• Ibizamini by'amaraso byo kureba imikorere y'impyiko, ubwoko bw'amaraso, n'ubuzima muri rusange
• Isuzuma rishingiye ku mashusho nka CT scans kugirango usuzume imiterere y'impyiko zawe
• Isesengura ryo mu mutwe kugirango wemeze ko witeguye mu byiyumvo
• Guhererana n'ikipe y'abashinzwe gutera impyiko kugirango baganire ku ngaruka n'inyungu
• Inama z'imari kugirango usobanukirwe n'ikiguzi icyo aricyo cyose gishoboka

Uzagomba kandi gutegura umuntu wo kukujyana mu rugo nyuma yo kubagwa no kugufasha mu minsi mike yo gukira. Kugira iyi sisitemu yo gushyigikira bituma gukira kwawe kugenda neza cyane.

Amabwiriza mbere yo kubagwa

Mu minsi yo gutegura kubagwa, uzahabwa amabwiriza yihariye yerekeye kurya, kunywa, no gufata imiti. Gukurikiza izi ngamba neza bifasha kwemeza kubagwa kwizewe.

Ubusanzwe uzagomba guhagarika kurya no kunywa nyuma ya saa sita z'ijoro mbere y'umunsi wo kubagwa. Ikipe yawe y'ubuzima izaguha gahunda irambuye y'icyo ugomba gukora n'igihe.

Ni gute usoma ibisubizo byawe byo gukuraho impyiko?

Nyuma yo gukuraho impyiko, intsinzi yawe yo kubagwa ipimwa n'iterambere ryawe ryo gukira n'imikorere y'impyiko yawe isigaye. Ikipe yawe y'ubuzima izagenzura ibipimo byinshi by'ingenzi kugirango yemeze ko byose bikira neza.

Imikorere y'impyiko zawe izagenzurwa binyuze mu bizamini by'amaraso bipima urwego rwa creatinine. Uru rwego rushobora kuba ruri hejuru gato mbere yo kubagwa, ariko ibi ni ibisanzwe kandi byitezwe hamwe n'impyiko imwe.

Dore icyo ikipe yawe y'ubuzima izagenzura mugihe cyo gukira:

• Urugero rwa creatinine mu maraso kugirango isuzume imikorere y'impyiko
• Gupima umuvuduko w'amaraso kugirango wemeze ituze
• Umusaruro w'inkari kugirango wemeze imikorere isanzwe y'impyiko
• Gukira kw'ibikomere ahantu hakorewe ibishashi
• Urugero rw'ububabare n'ihumure muri rusange
• Kugaruka mu bikorwa bisanzwe n'urwego rw'imbaraga

Abenshi mu batanze impyiko babona imikorere y'impyiko zabo igenda ihagarara mu byumweru bike nyuma yo kubagwa. Impyiko yawe isigaye izagenda ifata umurimo wose, kandi uzumva urushaho kugira imbaraga uko ukira.

Ni gute wakomeza ubuzima bwiza nyuma yo gutanga impyiko?

Gukomeza ubuzima bwawe nyuma yo gutanga impyiko bikubiyemo gukurikiza inama z'imibereho myiza zungura buri wese. Impyiko yawe isigaye irashobora gukora imirimo isanzwe y'ubuzima nta mbogamizi zihariye.

Uzakeneye kugenzurwa buri gihe kugira ngo ukurikirane imikorere y'impyiko zawe, akenshi bikorwa kenshi mu mwaka wa mbere nyuma yo gutanga. Uku gusurwa bifasha kumenya niba impyiko yawe ikomeje kugira ubuzima bwiza no gukemura ibibazo hakiri kare.

Dore uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gushyigikira ubuzima bwawe burambye:

• Gukomeza kuba mu mazi menshi unywa amazi menshi umunsi wose
• Kurya indyo yuzuye ifite poroteyine iri ku gipimo cyiza
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe kugira ngo ushyigikire ubuzima bw'umutima n'imitsi muri rusange
• Kugumisha umuvuduko w'amaraso ku gipimo cyiza
• Kwimuka itabi no kugabanya kunywa inzoga
• Kunywa imiti uko yategetswe kandi ukirinda imiti itari ngombwa yo kurwanya ububabare

Abatanze impyiko benshi babaho ubuzima busanzwe nta mbogamizi z'imirire cyangwa imikorere. Impyiko yawe isigaye ifite ubushobozi bwuzuye bwo gushyigikira ibyo umubiri wawe ukeneye byose.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo nyuma yo kubagwa impyiko?

Nubwo kubagwa impyiko bigenda neza, ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera gato ibyago byo kugira ibibazo. Kumva ibyo bintu bifasha wowe n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi gufata ibyemezo byiza ku bijyanye n'ubuvuzi bwawe.

Imyaka, imiterere y'ubuzima muri rusange, n'imiterere y'impyiko byose bigira uruhare mu kumenya urwego rw'ibyago byawe. Ikipe yawe y'abimurira impyiko izasuzuma neza ibyo bintu mu gihe cyo gusuzuma umutangampyiko wawe.

Ibintu bisanzwe byongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo birimo:

• Ubukure bwinshi (nubwo abantu benshi bakuze bafite ubuzima bwiza batanga neza)
• Umubyibuho ukabije cyangwa uburemere bwinshi bw'umubiri
• Umubyazo mwinshi cyangwa diyabete
• Kubagwa mu nda kwabayeho mbere byateje inkovu
• Imiterere idasanzwe y'impyiko cyangwa itandukaniro ry'imitsi y'amaraso
• Ukunywa itabi cyangwa gukoresha izindi tora

N'iyo waba ufite ibintu bimwe na bimwe bigushyira mu kaga, ushobora kuba ukwiriye gutanga. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizakorana nawe kugira ngo riteze imbere ubuzima bwawe mbere yo kubagwa kandi rigabanye ibyago byose bishoboka.

Ibintu bidasanzwe bigushyira mu kaga

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bitajegajega bishobora no kugira uruhare mu guhitamo niba wakwemererwa gutanga. Ibi birimo indwara zimwe na zimwe zishingiye ku bisekuru, indwara ziterwa n'umubiri w'umuntu, cyangwa amateka y'umuryango y'indwara y'impyiko.

Isuzuma ryawe rizakubiyemo gupima izi ndwara zitajegajega kugira ngo hamenyekane niba gutanga bifite umutekano kuri wowe mu gihe kirekire. Intego ni ukurinda ubuzima bwawe mu gihe ufasha undi muntu.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa no gukuraho impyiko y'uwatanze?

Ingaruka zo gukuraho impyiko y'uwatanze ni gake, ariko ni ngombwa kumva ibishobora kubaho kugira ngo ufate icyemezo gifitiye inyungu. Abatanze benshi bakira neza nta kibazo gikomeye.

Ingaruka zo kubagwa zirashobora kugabanywamo ibibazo byihuse nyuma yo kubagwa n'ibibazo byo mu gihe kirekire. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizakugenzura neza niba hari ibimenyetso by'ingaruka mu gihe cyose cyo koroherwa kwawe.

Dore ingaruka zishobora kuba zihari:

• Kuva amaraso ahantu habagiriweho bikaba bisaba ubuvuzi bwiyongereye
• Udukoko ahantu hakorewe ibikomere cyangwa indwara yo mu nda
• Amabara y'amaraso mu maguru cyangwa mu muhaha
• Gusubiranamo na anesiteziya cyangwa imiti
• Gukomeretsa ibice byegereyeho mu gihe cyo kubagwa
• Kuvana mu kubagwa hakoreshejwe imashini ntoya ukajya mu kubagwa gusanzwe niba bibaye ngombwa

Izi ngaruka zihise zibaho ku bantu batarenze 5% bakorewe kubagwa kugira ngo bakureho impyiko. Iyo bibaye, mubisanzwe birashoboka kubicunga hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Ibyago byo mu gihe kirekire

Ibyago byo mu gihe kirekire nyuma yo gukuraho impyiko y'uwatanze impyiko ni bike cyane, ariko bishobora kurimo ibyago byiyongereyeho gato by'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso cyangwa amabuye mu mpyiko. Kwitabwaho buri gihe bifasha kumenya no gukemura ibi bibazo hakiri kare.

Abatanze impyiko bamwe bashobora kugira ububabare buhoraho ahantu hakorewe ibishya, nubwo ibi bidakunze kubaho hamwe n'uburyo bwa none bwo kubaga. Ingaruka nyinshi zo mu gihe kirekire ni nto kandi ntizigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho myiza.

Gake cyane, abatanze impyiko bashobora kurwara indwara y'impyiko mu myaka cyangwa mu myaka mirongo nyuma. Ariko, iki kigereranyo cy'ibyago ni gito ugereranije n'abantu muri rusange kandi akenshi bifitanye isano n'ibindi bintu by'ubuzima.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga nyuma yo gukuraho impyiko y'uwatanze impyiko?

Ugomba guhita uvugana n'ikipe yawe y'ubuzima niba ubonye ibimenyetso bibangamiye nyuma yo gukuraho impyiko y'uwatanze impyiko. Guhagarara hakiri kare birashobora gukumira ibibazo bito kuba ibibazo bikomeye.

Ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi izaguha amabwiriza yihariye yerekeye igihe ugomba guhamagara n'amakuru yo guhamagara mu gihe cy'ubutabazi. Ntukazuyaze kuvugana niba ufite impungenge kuri icyo gihe cyose cyo gukira kwawe.

Hamagara umuganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye:

• Urubura rurenze 101°F (38.3°C) cyangwa guhinda umushyitsi
• Ububabare bukomeye cyangwa burushaho kuba bubi butagabanuka n'imiti
• Itukura, kubyimba, cyangwa imyanda iva ahantu hakorewe ibishya
• Kugorana kwihagarika cyangwa impinduka zikomeye mu musaruro w'inkari
• Isesemi no kuruka bituma udashobora kugumana amazi
• Kugufi kwa umwuka cyangwa kubabara mu gituza
• Kubyimba mu maguru cyangwa kongera ibiro mu buryo butunguranye

Ibi bimenyetso ntibisobanura ko hari ikintu gikomeye kitagenda neza, ariko bisaba isuzuma ryihuse ry'ubuvuzi. Ikipe yawe y'ubuzima yifuza kugusuzuma bitari ngombwa kuruta uko wakwibagirwa ikintu cy'ingenzi.

Uburyo bwo gukurikiranwa buri gihe

Usibye ibibazo byihutirwa, uzagira gahunda yo gusubira kwa muganga kugira ngo bakurikirane imikoreshereze yawe n'ubuzima bwawe bw'igihe kirekire. Uru ruzinduko ni ingenzi kugira ngo urwanya rwawe ruzakomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza.

Gahunda yawe yo gusubira kwa muganga mubisanzwe izaba irimo gusura nyuma y'icyumweru kimwe, ukwezi kumwe, amezi 6, n'umwaka umwe nyuma yo kubagwa. Nyuma yaho, gusuzuma buri mwaka mubisanzwe birahagije kubantu benshi batanze impyiko.

Ibikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye no gutanga impyiko

Q.1 Ese gutanga impyiko bifitiye umutangampyiko umutekano?

Yego, gutanga impyiko bifitiye umutekano mwinshi abantu batanze impyiko basuzumwe neza. Ibyago byo kugira ibibazo bikomeye ni munsi ya 1%, kandi abantu benshi batanze impyiko bakira neza mu byumweru 4-6.

Abantu batanze impyiko bafite ubuzima bumwe nk'abaturage muri rusange. Urwanya rwawe ruzahinduka kugira ngo rukore akazi kose, kandi ushobora kubaho ubuzima busanzwe nta mbogamizi.

Q.2 Ese kugira urwanya rumwe bitera ibibazo by'ubuzima bw'igihe kirekire?

Gukora urwanya rumwe mubisanzwe ntibitera ibibazo by'ubuzima bw'igihe kirekire kubantu benshi batanze impyiko. Urwanya rwawe ruzashobora gukora imirimo yose ikenewe, kandi abantu benshi batanze impyiko bagumana imikorere isanzwe y'urwanya mu buzima bwabo bwose.

Hashobora kubaho ibyago byiyongereyeho gato byo kuzana umuvuduko mwinshi w'amaraso cyangwa amabuye mu rwanya nyuma y'igihe, ariko ibi byago ni bito kandi bigenzurwa no kwitabwaho kwa muganga buri gihe.

Q.3 Bifata igihe kingana iki nyuma yo gutanga impyiko?

Abantu benshi batanze impyiko basubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe mu byumweru 4-6 nyuma yo gutanga impyiko hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa laparoscopic. Mubisanzwe uzamara mu bitaro iminsi 1-2 kandi ushobora gusubira ku kazi ko mu biro mu byumweru 2-3.

Gukora imirimo iremereye no gukora imyitozo ikomeye bigomba kwirindwa mu byumweru nka 6 kugira ngo bikore neza. Urwego rwawe rw'imbaraga ruzagenda rusubira uko umubiri wawe uhinduka kugira urwanya rumwe.

Q.4 Nshobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri no gukina imikino nyuma yo gutanga impyiko?

Yego, ushobora gusubira mu myitozo ngororamubiri isanzwe n'imikino yose nyuma yo gukira. Kugira urugingo rumwe rw'umwijima ntibigira uruhare mu bushobozi bwawe bw'umubiri cyangwa imikorere ya siporo.

Ugomba kwirinda imikino ikorerwa mu muntu ku muntu ifite ibyago byinshi byo gukomeretsa urugingo rwawe rwasigaye rw'umwijima, ariko ibi ni ukwitunganya kuruta uko ari ibisabwa. Koga, gusiganwa, gutwara igare, n'ibindi bikorwa byinshi ni byiza rwose.

Q.5 Ese nzaba nkeneye ubuvuzi bwihariye ubuzima bwanjye bwose?

Uzakenera kugenzurwa buri gihe kugira ngo ukurikirane imikorere y'umwijima wawe, ariko ntuzakenera imiti cyangwa ubuvuzi bwihariye. Gusura buri mwaka hamwe n'ibizamini by'amaraso birahagije nyuma y'umwaka wa mbere.

Muganga wawe w'ibanze ashobora kwita ku kwitabwaho kwawe, hamwe no gusura rimwe na rimwe ikigo cyo gushyiraho urugingo. Uzabaho nk'undi wese, ufite urugingo rumwe rw'umwijima aho kuba tubiri.