Icyo Urupapuro rwa Fecal Occult Blood Test aricyo? Impamvu, Urwego/Uburyo & Ibisubizo

Urupapuro rwa fecal occult blood test rureba amaraso yihishe mu musarani wawe utabasha kubona n'amaso yawe. Iri gerageza ryoroshye rifasha abaganga kumenya kuva amaraso ahantu hose mu nzira yawe yo mu gifu, kuva mu gifu cyawe kugeza mu rukururano rwawe. Ijambo "occult" risobanura gusa yihishe cyangwa itagaragara, bityo iri gerageza ribona amaraso ahari ariko atagaragara kuri wowe.

Icyo fecal occult blood test aricyo?

Urupapuro rwa fecal occult blood test ni igikoresho cyo gupima kimenya amaraso make mu cyitegererezo cyawe cy'umusarani. Inzira yawe yo mu gifu irashobora kuva amaraso kubera impamvu nyinshi, kandi rimwe na rimwe uku kuva amaraso ni guto cyane ku buryo utazabona impinduka zose mu myitwarire yawe yo mu musarani.

Hariho ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bw'iri gerageza. Igerageza rishingiye kuri guaiac (gFOBT) rikoresha imiti kugirango ibone amaraso, mugihe igerageza rya immunochemical (FIT) rikoresha imibiri irwanya indwara kugirango imenye poroteyine z'amaraso y'abantu. Ibyo bigeragezo byombi bifite intego imwe ariko bikora mu buryo butandukanye.

Iri gerageza rifite agaciro cyane kuko rishobora gufata ibibazo hakiri kare, akenshi mbere yuko ugira ibimenyetso byose. Ibyiciro byinshi bitera kuva amaraso mu mara bitangira bito buhoro buhoro bigenda birushaho.

Kuki fecal occult blood test ikorwa?

Abaganga basaba iri gerageza cyane cyane kugirango bagenzure kanseri y'urukururano na polyps zitaratera kanseri. Kumenya hakiri kare ibi byiciro bituma imiti ivura neza kandi n'ubuzima bw'abarwayi burushaho.

Iri gerageza rifasha kandi gukora iperereza ku bimenyetso bitasobanuwe nko kunanirwa, intege nke, cyangwa anemia yo kubura icyuma. Rimwe na rimwe umubiri wawe werekana ibimenyetso byo gutakaza amaraso mbere yuko ubona ibimenyetso byose byo mu gifu.

Usibye gupima kanseri, iri gerageza rishobora kumenya ibindi byiciro bitera kuva amaraso mu mara. Ibi birimo indwara yo mu mara, ibisebe, diverticulosis, n'indwara zitandukanye zifata inzira yawe yo mu gifu.

Abenshi mu baganga b’ubuzima basaba ko abantu basanzwe bageragezwa buri gihe kuva ku myaka 45 kugeza kuri 50. Niba ufite amateka y’umuryango w’umwijima cyangwa izindi mpamvu zishobora gutera indwara, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gutangira kare.

Ni iki gikorerwa igeragezwa ry’amaraso yo mu musarani?

Iki gikorwa kiroroshye kandi urashobora kukikorera iwawe ukoresheje ibikoresho uhabwa na muganga wawe. Uzatoranya uduce duto tw’umusarani wawe mu minsi mike, akenshi uva mu misarani itatu itandukanye.

Dore uko iki gikorwa gikunda kugenda:

1. Muganga wawe aguha ibikoresho byo gupima hamwe n’amabwiriza arambuye
2. Ufata uduce duto tw’umusarani ukoresheje ibikoresho byatanzwe
3. Ushyira uduce ku mapaji yihariye yo gupima cyangwa mu tube tw’ibikorwa
4. Usubiza uduce kwa muganga wawe cyangwa muri laboratwari
5. Abatekinisiye ba laboratwari basuzuma uduce twawe kugira ngo barebe amaraso

Igeragezwa rya immunochemical (FIT) risaba gusa igice kimwe, mu gihe igeragezwa rya guaiac risaba uduce duturuka mu misarani itatu itandukanye. Ibi bifasha kongera ubushishozi bwo kumenya niba hari amaraso ava.

Ibipimo akenshi biboneka mu minsi mike kugeza ku cyumweru. Laboratwari izohereza ibisubizo kwa muganga wawe, hanyuma akavugana nawe kugira ngo baganire ku byo babonye.

Ni gute wakitegura igeragezwa ry’amaraso yo mu musarani?

Kutegura bitewe n’ubwoko bw’igeragezwa urimo gukora. Igeragezwa rya FIT risaba gutegura bike cyane kuko risuzuma amaraso y’abantu by’umwihariko kandi ntirigirwaho ingaruka n’ibiryo.

Ku igeragezwa rya guaiac, uzakenera kwirinda ibiryo bimwe na imiti mu minsi mike mbere yo gupima. Ibi ni uko ibintu bimwe bishobora gutera ibisubizo byiza cyangwa bibi.

Ibiryo byo kwirinda mbere yo gukora igeragezwa rya guaiac birimo:

• Inyama zitukura (inka, intama, ingurube)
• Imboga mbisi zifite peroxidase nyinshi (imyumbati, radish, broccoli)
• Imbuto za citrus n’imitobe
• Ifu y’icyuma

Ugomba kandi kwirinda imiti imwe n'imwe nka aspirine, ibuprofen, n'indi miti ituma amaraso ataguma, niba muganga wawe abyemeye. Iyi miti irashobora kongera ibyago byo kuva amaraso no kugira ingaruka ku ngaruka z'ibizamini.

Ntugasore inkuru mu gihe cy'imihango yawe, kuko ibi bishobora kwangiza ikizamini. Tegereza nibura iminsi itatu nyuma y'uko imihango yawe irangiye mbere yo gusora inkuru.

Ni gute usoma ibisubizo by'ikizamini cy'amaraso yo mu nkari?

Ibisubizo by'ibizamini bitangwa nk'ibisubizo byiza cyangwa bibi. Isubizo ribi risobanura ko nta maraso yagaragaye mu nkuru yawe, ibyo bikaba ari ibisanzwe kandi byitezwe.

Isubizo ryiza ryerekana ko amaraso yabonetse mu nkuru yawe. Ariko, ibi ntibisobanura ko ufite kanseri cyangwa indwara ikomeye. Indwara nyinshi zidakomeye zishobora gutera kuva amaraso make.

Ni ngombwa kumva ko iki kizamini ari igikoresho cyo gupima, atari ikizamini cyo gupima indwara. Isubizo ryiza risobanura ko ukeneye ibindi bizamini kugirango umenye aho amaraso ava. Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukora colonoscopie kugirango yigenzure urugingo rwawe rukuru.

Isubizo ryiza ry'ibinyoma rishobora kubaho, cyane cyane hamwe n'ikizamini cya guaiac, bitewe n'ibiryo bimwe na bimwe cyangwa imiti. Isubizo ribi ry'ibinyoma rishobora kubaho niba kuva amaraso ari intermitent cyangwa bike cyane.

Ni gute wakosora urwego rw'ibizamini by'amaraso yo mu nkari?

Ntushobora "gukosora" mu buryo butaziguye ikizamini cy'amaraso yo mu nkari cyiza kuko kigaragaza indwara ikeneye ubuvuzi. Isubizo ryiza mu byukuri ririmo gukora akazi karyo ko kukumenyesha kugirango ukore iperereza ryimbitse.

Niba ikizamini cyawe ari cyiza, muganga wawe azagusaba ibindi bizamini kugirango umenye aho amaraso ava. Ibi mubisanzwe bitangirana na colonoscopie, ituma ubona urugingo rwawe rukuru n'umwanya w'inyuma.

Ubuvuzi bushingiye rwose ku gitera kuva amaraso. Polyp nto zishobora gukurwaho mugihe cya colonoscopie, mugihe indwara zishobora gukenera imiti yica mikorobe. Indwara zikomeye nka kanseri zikeneye ubuvuzi bwihariye bwa oncology.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi si gutinda gukora ibizamini byo gukurikirana. Kumenya no kuvura hakiri kare icyateye kuva amaraso mubisanzwe bitanga ibisubizo byiza cyane.

Ni uruhe rwego rwiza rwo gupima amaraso yihishe mu nkari?

Igisubizo cyiza cyo gupima amaraso yihishe mu nkari ni negative, bivuze ko nta maraso yagaragaye mu byo watoraguye. Ibi byerekana ko nta kuva amaraso kw'ingenzi mu nzira yawe yo mu gifu mu gihe cyo gupima.

Nta

Kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzahita ugaragaza ibisubizo byiza, ariko bisobanura ko ugomba gushyira imbaraga mu gupima no gukurikiranwa.

Ese ni byiza kugira ibisubizo byinshi cyangwa bike byo gupima amaraso mu nkari?

Igisubizo kibi (gike) cyo gupima amaraso mu nkari buri gihe ni byiza kuruta igisubizo cyiza (kinini). Iri pima ntiripima urwego mu buryo busanzwe, ahubwo rimenya niba amaraso ahari cyangwa adahari.

Igisubizo kibi kivuga ko inzira yawe yo mu gifu idasohora amaraso cyane mu gihe cyo gupima. Ibi birashimishije kandi byerekana ko indwara zikomeye nka kanseri y'urugingo rw'igifu n'amara bishoboka cyane.

Ariko, igisubizo cyiza ntibisobanura ko ari inkuru mbi. Indwara nyinshi zitera ibisubizo byiza ziravurwa, cyane cyane iyo zamenyekanye hakiri kare. Iri pima riragukingira mu kukumenyesha kugira ngo ukore iperereza ryimbitse.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukurikiza ibipimo byasabwe niba ibisubizo byawe ari byiza. Kumenya no kuvura hakiri kare icyateye amaraso mubisanzwe bituma habaho ibisubizo byiza cyane.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa no gupima amaraso mu nkari nabi?

Igisubizo kibi cyo gupima mubisanzwe ni inkuru nziza, ariko ntigaragaza 100% ko nta kibazo ufite mu nzira yo mu gifu. Inzitizi nyamukuru ni uko iri pima rimenya gusa amaraso asohoka igihe ufata ibizamini.

Kanseri zimwe na polyps ntizisohora amaraso buri gihe, bityo zishobora kurenganwa niba zitari gusohora amaraso mu gihe cyo gupimwa. Iyi niyo mpamvu abaganga basaba gupimwa buri gihe aho gupimwa rimwe gusa.

Amasi make cyane ashobora kugwa munsi y'urugero rwo kumenya ibipimo. Byongeye kandi, amaraso ava mu gice cyo hejuru cyo mu gifu (igifu, urugingo rw'amara ruto) ashobora gusenwa n'inzuzi zo mu gifu ntamenyekane.

Igisubizo kibi gishobora kubaho niba ufata imiti imwe cyangwa niba hari ibibazo bya tekiniki byo gukusanya cyangwa gutunganya icyitegererezo. Ibi nibyo bituma kwitegura neza no gukurikiza amabwiriza neza ari ngombwa cyane.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa n'ibisubizo byiza byo gupima amaraso mu nkari?

Igisubizo cyiza cyo gupima ahanini gitera impungenge no gukenera ibindi bipimo, aho gutera ingaruka zigaragara ku mubiri. Umunaniro wo mu mutwe wo gutegereza ibisubizo byakurikiyeho birashobora kuba bikomeye ku bantu benshi.

Ikibazo gikomeye ni ukutinda gukora ibizamini byakurikiyeho byasabwe. Icyateye kuva amaraso gishobora kwiyongera niba kitavuwe, cyane cyane niba ari uburwayi butaratera kanseri.

Ibisubizo byiza by'ibinyoma bishobora gutera impungenge zitari ngombwa no gukora ibindi bipimo. Ibi bikunda kubaho cyane ku bipimo bya guaiac, cyane cyane niba ibyo kurya bitubahirijwe neza.

Ingaruka z'amafaranga zirimo n'ikiguzi cyo gukora ibizamini byakurikiyeho nka colonoscopy. Ariko, gahunda nyinshi z'ubwishingizi zishyura ibi bizamini iyo bikenewe mu buvuzi hashingiwe ku bisubizo byiza byo gupima.

Icy'ingenzi ni ukwibuka ko igisubizo cyiza ari amahirwe yo kubona no kuvura hakiri kare, atari ukumenya ko hari ikintu gikomeye.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga wo gupima amaraso mu nkari?

Ukwiye kubona umuganga niba ufite igisubizo cyiza cyo gupima amaraso mu nkari. Ntukategereze cyangwa ngo wizeye ko bizagenda byonyine - gukurikirana vuba ni ngombwa ku buzima bwawe.

Vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye amaraso agaragara mu nkari zawe, n'ubwo utarakoze iki kizamini. Inkari zirabura, zisa na gaze cyangwa amaraso atukura cyane ni ibimenyetso bikeneye ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga.

Ibindi bimenyetso bikwiriye isuzuma ry'ubuvuzi birimo:

• Impinduka zihoraho mu myifatire y'amara
• Guta ibiro bitasobanutse
• Uburibwe budahagarara mu nda cyangwa kuribwa
• Umunaniro udasanzwe cyangwa intege nke
• Anemiya yo kubura icyuma

N'ubwo waba ufite ibizamini byerekana ko nta kibazo, ugomba kubonana na muganga wawe niba ugize ibimenyetso biteye impungenge. Icyo kizamini cyerekana gusa ibiri kuba mu gihe cyo gufata icyo kizamini, ntabwo kigaragaza uko ubuzima bwawe bwose bwo mu nzira y'igogora bumeze.

Kugirana ibiganiro bisanzwe na muganga wawe ku bijyanye no gupima ni ibintu by'ingenzi, cyane cyane uko ugenda usaza cyangwa niba ufite amateka y'umuryango afite ibibazo byo mu mara manini.

Ibikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye no gupima amaraso yihishe mu musarani

Q.1 Ese gupima amaraso yihishe mu musarani bifasha mu kumenya kanseri y'urugingo rw'igogora?

Yego, gupima amaraso yihishe mu musarani ni uburyo bwiza bwo gupima kanseri y'urugingo rw'igogora, cyane cyane iyo bikoreshwa buri gihe. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko gupima buri mwaka hakoreshejwe ubu buryo bushobora kugabanya impfu ziterwa na kanseri y'urugingo rw'igogora ku kigero cya 15-33%.

Ariko, ntibitunganye neza. Icyo kizamini gishobora kutagaragaza kanseri zitava amaraso mu gihe cyo gupima, kandi ntishobora kumenya ibibyimba byose. Iyo ni yo mpamvu abaganga bamwe basaba kubihuza n'ubundi buryo bwo gupima cyangwa gukoresha colonoscopy aho kubikora.

Q.2 Ese gupima amaraso yihishe mu musarani bigaragaza ko buri gihe ufite kanseri?

Oya, gupima bigaragaza ko ufite ikibazo ntibisobanura ko ufite kanseri. Ibyiciro byinshi bitari bibi bishobora gutera kuva amaraso, harimo impyisi, imisereko yo mu kibuno, ibisebe, n'indwara zandura. Mubyukuri, ibisubizo byinshi byerekana ikibazo biterwa n'ibitari kanseri.

Icyo kizamini cyateguwe kugira ngo kigaragaze ibintu byinshi, bivuze ko gifata ibibazo byinshi byo kuva amaraso ariko kandi kigafata ibintu byinshi bitagira ingaruka. Iyo ni yo mpamvu gukurikirana ibizamini hakoreshejwe colonoscopy ari ingenzi cyane kugira ngo hamenyekane icyateye ikibazo nyacyo.

Q.3 Ni kangahe ngomba gupima amaraso yihishe mu musarani?

Amabwiriza menshi ya muganga asaba gupima amaraso yihishe mu musarani buri mwaka kugira ngo hapimwe kanseri y'urugingo rw'igogora ku bantu bakuru bafite ibyago bisanzwe guhera ku myaka 45-50. Muganga wawe ashobora gusaba gupima kenshi niba ufite ibintu byongera ibyago.

Niba ukoresha iki kizamini kugira ngo upime, gukomeza kubikora ni ingenzi. Gupima buri mwaka birushaho kugira akamaro kuruta gupima rimwe na rimwe kuko byongera amahirwe yo kumenya kuva amaraso rimwe na rimwe.

Q.4 Ese imiti ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bisubizo byo gupima amaraso yihishe mu musarani?

Yego, imiti imwe n'imwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bisubizo by'ipimwa. Imiti ituma amaraso ataguma mu mubiri nk'urugero nka warfarin cyangwa aspirine bishobora kongera ibyago byo kuva amaraso no gutuma haboneka ibisubizo byiza. Indi miti imwe n'imwe ishobora no kubangamira imikorere ya shimi ikoreshwa mu gupima.

Buri gihe ujye ubwira muganga wawe imiti yose urimo gufata, harimo n'imiti igurishwa itagomba uruhushya rwa muganga n'ibyongerera imbaraga umubiri. Bashobora kukugira inama niba hari icyo ugomba guhagarika mbere yo gupimwa.

Q.5 None se byagenda bite niba ntagishoboye gukusanya icyitegererezo cy'umusarani cyo gupimisha?

Niba ugira ibibazo byo gukusanya icyitegererezo bitewe n'ukwigunga cyangwa izindi mpamvu, hamagara ibiro bya muganga wawe. Bashobora kugutanga inama z'uburyo bwizewe bwo gushishikariza imyenda cyangwa baganire ku buryo bwo gupima bundi bushya.

Ntukoreshe imiti ituma umuntu yituma utabanje kubisaba muganga, kuko imwe n'imwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bisubizo by'ipimwa. Impinduka zoroheje mu mirire nk'ukongera fibre n'amazi bishobora gufasha mu buryo bw'umwimerere.