Ni iki Gastric Bypass Roux-en-Y? Intego, Uburyo & Ibivamo

Gastric bypass Roux-en-Y ni ubwoko bwo kubagwa bugabanya ibiro buhindura uburyo igifu cyawe n'urura ruto bikoresha ibiryo. Bifatwa nk'imwe mu mvura zikora cyane zo kubaga kubera umubyibuho ukabije iyo ubundi buryo bwo kugabanya ibiro butagize icyo bugeraho. Iyi nzira irema agafuka gato mu gifu cyawe ikagahuza mu buryo butaziguye n'urura ruto, ibi bikagufasha kumva uhaze vuba kandi ntukoreshe kalori nyinshi ziva mu biryo.

Ni iki Gastric Bypass Roux-en-Y?

Gastric bypass Roux-en-Y ni inzira yo kubaga ituma igifu cyawe kigabanuka kandi kigahindura inzira y'imitsi igogora. Umuganga ubaga arema agafuka gato gafite ubunini bungana n'igi kuva mu gice cyo hejuru cy'igifu cyawe, hanyuma agahuza aka gafuka mu buryo butaziguye n'igice cy'urura ruto.

Igice cyitwa "Roux-en-Y" cy'izina gisobanura umubano wa Y-shape waremwe mugihe cyo kubaga. Iyi gahunda ituma ibiryo binyura mu gice kinini cy'igifu cyawe n'igice cya mbere cy'urura ruto, bivuze ko uzumva uhaze nyuma yo kurya ibiryo bike cyane.

Iyi nzira ikora mu buryo bubiri. Icya mbere, igabanya umubare w'ibiryo ushobora kurya icyarimwe kuko agafuka gashya k'igifu cyawe gato cyane. Icya kabiri, ihindura uburyo umubiri wawe ukoresha intungamubiri na kalori kuko ibiryo binyura mu gice cy'inzira igogora.

Kuki Gastric Bypass Roux-en-Y ikorwa?

Abaganga basaba kubagwa kwa gastric bypass iyo ufite umubyibuho ukabije utera ubuzima bwawe akaga kandi ubundi buryo bwo kugabanya ibiro butagize icyo bugeraho. Ubusanzwe iyi mvura y'ububaji ifatwa iyo index yawe y'umubiri (BMI) ari 40 cyangwa hejuru, cyangwa iyo BMI yawe ari 35 cyangwa hejuru hamwe n'indwara zikomeye zijyanye n'ibiro byawe.

Kubaga birashobora gufasha kuvura cyangwa kunoza ibibazo byinshi by'ubuzima bijyanye n'umubyibuho bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mibereho yawe. Izi ngorane akenshi zinoza cyane nyuma yo kugabanya ibiro neza muri iyi nzira.

Ibi nibyo bibazo by'ubuzima bikomeye gusuzuma ko kubaga gastric bypass bifasha gukemura:

• Ubwoko bwa 2 bwa diyabete
• Umubyibuho ukabije w'amaraso
• Kugira ibibazo byo guhumeka igihe uryamye
• Cholesterol nyinshi
• Indwara z'umutima
• Indwara y'umwijima w'ibinure
• Indwara ya gastroesophageal reflux (GERD)
• Ibibazo by'ingingo na artrite
• Ibibazo by'ubugumba

Muganga wawe azanatekereza ku bintu nk'imyaka yawe, ubuzima muri rusange, no kwitanga mu gukora impinduka z'ubuzima burambye. Kubaga bisaba impinduka z'imirire y'ubuzima bwose no gukurikiranwa kwa muganga buri gihe kugira ngo bigende neza.

Ni iki gikorerwa kubaga gastric bypass Roux-en-Y?

Uburyo bwa gastric bypass busanzwe bukorwa hakoreshejwe kubaga gakeya kwa laparoscopic, bivuze ko umuganga ubaga akora ibice bito bitari bike mu nda yawe aho gukora igice kinini kimwe. Uzahabwa anesthesia rusange, bityo uzaba uryamye rwose mugihe cyo kubaga.

Kubaga mubisanzwe bifata hagati y'amasaha 2 na 4, bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze n'ibibazo byose bishobora kuvuka. Umuganga ubaga azakoresha kamera ntoya yitwa laparoscope kugirango ayobore uburyo bwo kubaga binyuze mu bice bito.

Ibi nibyo bibaho mugihe cyo kubaga intambwe ku yindi:

1. Umuganga ubaga akora agafuka gato kuva mu gice cyo hejuru cy'igifu cyawe akoresheje ibikoresho byo kubaga
2. Igice gisigaye cy'igifu cyawe kiratandukanywa ariko kigahoraho
3. Igice cy'urugingo rwawe rutoya kiracibwa kandi gihuzwa n'agafuka gashya k'igifu
4. Igice gisigaye cy'urugingo rwawe rutoya gihuzwa kugirango gihinduke ishusho ya Y
5. Uhuza kose gusuzumwa neza kugirango barebe ko bifashe neza
6. Ibice bito bifungwa hamwe na glue yo kubaga cyangwa imitsi

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, umuganga ubaga ashobora gukenera guhindukira akoresheje kubaga gufunguye niba hari ibibazo bivutse, ibyo byasaba gukora igice kinini. Ibi bibaho gake ariko bituma haboneka uburyo bwo kubona neza niba bikenewe mugihe cyo kubaga.

Uko Witegura Kubagwa Kubaga Gastric Bypass?

Kwitegura kubagwa gastric bypass bikubiyemo kwitegura mu buryo bw'umubiri no mu mutwe mu byumweru byinshi cyangwa amezi. Itsinda ry'abaganga bazagufasha mu nzira yo kugusuzuma mu buryo bwuzuye kugira ngo bamenye neza ko witeguye kubagwa n'imibereho izakurikiraho.

Uzaba ukeneye guhura n'inzobere zitandukanye mbere y'itariki yo kubagwa. Ubu buryo bufasha itsinda ryose kugira ngo rigufashe kugira ibisubizo byiza bishoboka kandi usobanukirwe icyo witegura mu gihe cyo gukira.

Ibi nibyo uburyo bwawe bwo kwitegura busanzwe bukubiyemo:

• Isesengura ry'ubuvuzi hamwe n'ibizamini by'amaraso, ibizamini by'umutima, n'izindi screening
• Inama z'imirire zo kumenya imyitwarire yo kurya nyuma yo kubagwa
• Isesengura ryo mu mutwe kugira ngo umenye niba witeguye guhindura imibereho
• Guhererekanya amakuru n'umuganga wawe wo kubaga kugira ngo muganire ku buryo bwo kubaga n'ibibazo bishobora kuvuka
• Imirire mbere yo kubagwa kugira ngo ugabanye umwijima wawe kandi ugabanye ibibazo byo kubagwa
• Guhagarika imiti imwe n'imwe ishobora kongera ibyago byo kuva amaraso
• Gutegura ubufasha mu rugo mu gihe cyo gukira kwawe

Abantu benshi bakeneye gukurikiza imirire yihariye ifite kalori nkeya, ifite poroteyine nyinshi mu byumweru 1-2 mbere yo kubagwa. Ibi bifasha kugabanya ubunini bw'umwijima wawe, bigatuma kubagwa kugenda neza kandi byorohereza umuganga wawe kubikora.

Uzagomba kandi guhagarika itabi rwose niba urinywa, kuko itabi ryongera cyane ibyago byo kugira ibibazo mu gihe cyo kubagwa no nyuma yaho. Itsinda ry'abaganga bawe rishobora gutanga ubufasha kugira ngo rigufashe kureka niba bibaye ngombwa.

Uburyo bwo Gusoma Ibisubizo byawe bya Gastric Bypass?

Intsinzi nyuma yo kubagwa gastric bypass ipimwa mu buryo butandukanye, kandi itsinda ry'abaganga bawe rizakurikirana iterambere ryawe buri gihe mu gihe cyo gukurikirana. Uburyo busanzwe bwo gupima intsinzi ni ukugabanya ibiro, ariko imikorere yawe y'ubuzima muri rusange ni ingenzi kimwe.

Abantu benshi batakaza hagati ya 60-80% by'ibiro byabo birenze urugero mu mezi 12-18 ya mbere nyuma yo kubagwa. Ibiro birenze urugero ni umubare w'ibiro ufite urenze ibitekerezwa nk'ibiro bifite ubuzima bwiza ku burebure bwawe.

Muganga wawe azagenzura ibipimo byinshi by'ingenzi kugira ngo asuzume uko kubagwa kwawe bikora neza:

• Iterambere ryo gutakaza ibiro uko igihe kigenda
• Uburyo indwara zifitanye isano no kubyibuha zikira
• Urugero rw'isukari mu maraso n'imicungire ya diyabete
• Urugero rw'umuvuduko w'amaraso
• Urugero rwa kolesteroli na lipide
• Ibimenyetso bya sleep apnea
• Uburibwe bw'ingingo no kunoza imikorere yazo
• Uburyo rusange bwo kubaho neza

Itsinda ry'abaganga bazagenzura kandi niba hari ibibazo by'imirire binyuze mu bipimo by'amaraso bisanzwe. Ibi ni ingenzi kuko kubagwa guhindura uburyo umubiri wawe ukoresha vitamini zimwe na zimwe n'imyunyungugu.

Ni gute wakomeza ibiro byawe nyuma yo kubagwa gastric bypass?

Gukomeza gutakaza ibiro byawe nyuma ya gastric bypass bisaba impinduka zihoraho ku migenzo yawe yo kurya n'imibereho yawe. Kubagwa kuguha igikoresho gikomeye cyo gutakaza ibiro, ariko gutsinda mu gihe kirekire biterwa n'ubwitange bwawe bwo gukurikiza amabwiriza itsinda ry'abaganga rigutanga.

Agasaho kawe gashya k'igifu gashobora gufata gusa hafi ya 1/4 kugeza 1/2 igikombe cy'ibiryo icyarimwe. Ibi bivuze ko uzakeneye kurya ibice bito cyane kandi ugahumurira ibiryo byawe neza kugira ngo wirinde kutagira ibibazo.

Aha hari amabwiriza y'ingenzi y'imirire uzakeneye gukurikiza ubuzima bwawe bwose:

• Kurya ibice bito (2-4 ounces) kuri buri funguro
• Kuhumurira ibiryo neza kandi ukarya gahoro
• Kureka kurya wumva uhaze
• Kwanga kunywa amazi hamwe n'ibiryo
• Kwibanda ku biryo bikungahaye kuri poroteyine mbere
• Kunywa imiti ya vitamini n'imyunyungugu buri munsi
• Kwanga ibiryo birimo isukari nyinshi n'ibinure byinshi
• Kuguma ufite amazi hagati y'amafunguro

Imyitozo ngororamubiri ya buri gihe ni ingenzi mu kugumana ubujyanama bwawe. Abantu benshi bashobora gutangira bagenda buhoro buhoro hanyuma bakagenda bongera urwego rw'ibikorwa byabo uko bakira kandi bagatakaza ibiro.

Ni iyihe gahunda nziza yo kubona ibisubizo bya gastrique bypass?

Igihe cyo kubona ibisubizo byo kubagwa gastrique bypass bitandukana ku muntu ku muntu, ariko abantu benshi bakurikiza uburyo bumwe bwo gutakaza ibiro no gukira. Kumva icyo witeguye gishobora kugufasha gushyiraho intego zifite ishingiro kandi ukaguma ufite ishyaka mu rugendo rwawe.

Ushobora kuzabona impinduka zikomeye cyane mu mezi ya mbere 6-12 nyuma yo kubagwa. Iki ni cyo gihe gutakaza ibiro bizaba byihuse cyane, kandi ushobora kubona impinduka mu buzima bufitanye isano no kubyibuha vuba.

Dore gahunda rusange y'icyo ushobora kwitega:

• Ibyumweru 2 bya mbere: Gukira kwambere, imirire y'amazi gusa
• Ibyumweru 2-8: Gutangiza buhoro buhoro ibiryo byoroshye
• Amezi 2-3: Gusubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe, gutakaza ibiro bikomeje
• Amezi 6: Gutakaza ibiro byinshi (40-60% by'ibiro byarenze urugero)
• Amezi 12-18: Gutakaza ibiro byinshi bikunze kugerwaho
• 2+ imyaka: Kwibanda ku kubungabunga no gukora imyitozo y'ubuzima bw'igihe kirekire

Impinduka zimwe z'ubuzima zishobora kubaho vuba cyane kurusha gutakaza ibiro ubwabyo. Abantu benshi bafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 babona impinduka mu rwego rw'isukari yabo mu maraso mu minsi cyangwa mu byumweru nyuma yo kubagwa, mbere yuko gutakaza ibiro byinshi bibaho.

Ni izihe mpamvu zishobora gutera ingorane za gastrique bypass?

Mugihe kubagwa gastrique bypass muri rusange bifite umutekano, ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago byawe byo kugira ingorane mugihe cyangwa nyuma y'inzira. Kumva izi mpamvu zishobora gufasha ikipe yawe y'ubuzima gufata ingamba zikwiye kandi ikagufasha gufata icyemezo gifitiye inyungu kubagwa.

Imyaka n'ubuzima muri rusange bifite uruhare runini mu kumenya ibyago byo kubagwa. Abantu barengeje imyaka 65 cyangwa abafite indwara nyinshi bashobora kugira ibyago byinshi, nubwo abantu benshi bakuze bagifite ibisubizo byiza.

Ibintu bisanzwe bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kugira ibibazo birimo:

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• Umunyinya cyangwa amateka y'umunyinya vuba aha
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• Indwara ikomeye y'umutima cyangwa guturika kw'umutima kwabayeho
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• Indwara zo gupfuka kw'amaraso
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• Kugira apnea ikomeye yo gusinzira
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• Kubagwa mu nda kwabayeho
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• BMI ndende cyane (irenze 50)
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• Indwara ya diyabete itagenzurwa neza
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• Indwara y'umwijima
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• Ibibazo by'impyiko
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Umuvuzi wawe uzasuzuma neza ibi bintu byose mugihe cyo gusuzuma mbere yo kubagwa. Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, bashobora gusaba gukemura ibibazo by'ubuzima runaka mbere yo gukomeza kubagwa kugirango bagabanye ibyago byawe.

Ese ni byiza kubagwa Gastric Bypass cyangwa izindi mbogamizi zo kugabanya ibiro?

Guhitamo hagati ya gastric bypass n'izindi mbogamizi zo kugabanya ibiro biterwa n'ubuzima bwawe bwite, intego zo kugabanya ibiro, n'ibyo ukunda. Buri bwoko bwo kubagwa bufite inyungu zabwo n'ibitekerezo, kandi icyo gikora neza kumuntu umwe ntigishobora kuba cyiza kubundi.

Gastric bypass akenshi ifatwa nk'

Umuvuzi wawe azagufasha gusobanukirwa uburyo bwiza bushobora kuba bwiza kuri wowe. Bazatekereza ku bintu nk'uburemere bwawe, indwara ufite, imyifatire yo kurya, n'uburemere bwo kugabanya.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora kuvuka nyuma yo kubaga igifu?

Kimwe n'ubundi bwoko bwose bwo kubaga, kubaga igifu bifite ibyago byo kuvuka ingaruka, nubwo ibibazo bikomeye bidasanzwe iyo kubaga bikozwe n'abaganga babifitiye ubunararibonye. Gusobanukirwa izi ngaruka zishobora kuvuka birashobora kugufasha gufata icyemezo gifitiye umumaro kandi ukamenya ibimenyetso byo kwitondera.

Inyinshi mu ngaruka, niba zibayeho, zibaho mu byumweru bike nyuma yo kubagwa. Ariko, ibibazo bimwe na bimwe bishobora kuvuka nyuma y'amezi cyangwa imyaka, niyo mpamvu kwitabwaho buri gihe ari ngombwa.

Dore ingaruka zisanzwe zikwiye kwitonderwa:

• Kuva amaraso ahantu habagiwe
• Udukoko ahantu hakorewe ibikomere
• Amabara y'amaraso mu maguru cyangwa mu muhaha
• Umuvuduko ahantu hahuje
• Kubangamirwa kw'amara
• Dumping syndrome (gushyira vuba ibiri mu gifu)
• Kutagira intungamubiri zihagije
• Urubavu rw'amabuye ruturutse ku kugabanya ibiro byihuse
• Hernias ahantu hakorewe ibikomere

Ingaruka zidasanzwe ariko zikomeye zirimo ibibazo by'umutima, sitiroki, cyangwa indwara ziteje ubuzima bw'akaga. Ibyago rusange byo gupfa biturutse ku kubaga igifu ni bike cyane, bikaba mu buryo butarenze 1% by'imanza zikorerwa mu bigo bifitiye ubunararibonye.

Ingaruka zirambye zirimo kutagira intungamubiri zihagije, cyane cyane vitamine B12, icyuma, kalisiyumu, n'izindi ntungamubiri z'ingenzi. Ibi nibyo bituma gufata imiti yategetswe no gukora ibizamini by'amaraso buri gihe ari ngombwa mu buzima.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga nyuma yo kubaga igifu?

Kwitabwaho buri gihe ni ngombwa kugirango ugere ku ntsinzi irambye nyuma yo kubaga igifu. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizagena gahunda yo guhura buri gihe kugirango bakurikirane iterambere ryawe, ariko kandi ugomba kumenya igihe cyo gushaka ubufasha bwihuse bw'ubuvuzi.

Muri rusange, uzajya uhura n'abaganga kenshi mu mwaka wa mbere nyuma yo kubagwa, hanyuma ukajya ubabonana buri mwaka ubuzima bwawe bwose. Izo gahunda zigufasha kumenya ibibazo hakiri kare kandi zikemeza ko ubona intungamubiri zihagije.

Vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye ibimenyetso bikurikira byo kwitondera:

• Urubavu rurakaze rudakira
• Urugimbu rudahagarara no kuruka
• Ibimenyetso byo kwandura (umuriro, guhinda umushyitsi, umutuku ahantu hakomeretse)
• Kugorana kumeza cyangwa kugumana ibiryo
• Urubavu rurakaze cyangwa kugorana guhumeka
• Ukuboko kubyimba cyangwa kuribwa (gashobora kuba ari umuvumba w'amaraso)
• Umunaniro udasanzwe cyangwa intege nke
• Kongera ibiro vuba

Ugomba kandi guteganya gahunda zisanzwe n'umuganga wawe ushinzwe ubuzima kugira ngo akurikirane ubuzima bwawe muri rusange n'indwara zose zirimo. Abantu benshi basanga bakeneye imiti mike ku ndwara nka diyabete n'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso nyuma yo gutakaza ibiro neza.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa ku bijyanye no kubagwa Gastric Bypass Roux-en-Y

Q1: Ese kubagwa gastric bypass bifitiye akamaro diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2?

Yego, kubagwa gastric bypass bishobora kugira akamaro gakomeye mu kuvura diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2. Abantu benshi babona impinduka zigaragara ku rugero rw'isukari mu maraso mu minsi cyangwa mu byumweru nyuma yo kubagwa, akenshi mbere yo gutakaza ibiro byinshi. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko 60-80% by'abantu bafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 bagera ku gukira nyuma yo kubagwa gastric bypass.

Kubagwa bigaragara ko bihindura uburyo umubiri wawe ukoresha isukari na insuline, atari gusa binyuze mu gutakaza ibiro ahubwo no mu mpinduka za hormone zo mu gifu. Ariko, impinduka za diyabete ntizemejwe kuri buri wese, kandi abantu bamwe bashobora gukenera imiti nyuma yo kubagwa.

Q2: Ese gastric bypass itera kubura intungamubiri?

Kubaga igifu bishobora gutuma umubiri utabona intungamubiri zihagije kuko kubaga guhindura uburyo umubiri wawe wakira vitamini zimwe na zimwe n'imyunyungugu. Inenge zikunze kubaho zirimo vitamini B12, icyuma, kalisiyumu, vitamini D, na folate. Ibi nibyo bituma gufata imiti yandikiwe ubuzima bwose ari ngombwa.

Hamwe no gufata imiti ikwiye no gukurikiranwa buri gihe binyuze mu bipimo by'amaraso, inenge nyinshi z'intungamubiri zirashobora kwirindwa cyangwa zigacungwa neza. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizakorana nawe kugirango ukore gahunda yo gufata imiti yunganira ibyo ukeneye.

Q3: Nshobora gutegereza gutakaza ibiro bingahe nyuma yo kubaga igifu?

Abantu benshi batakaza hafi 60-80% by'ibiro byabo birenze urugero mu mezi 12-18 nyuma yo kubagwa igifu. Urugero, niba ukeneye gutakaza ibiro 100 kugirango ubeho neza, ushobora gutegereza gutakaza ibiro 60-80. Ibisubizo by'umuntu ku giti cye bitandukanye bitewe n'ibintu nk'ibiro byawe by'ibanze, imyaka, urwego rwo gukora imyitozo, n'uburyo ukurikiza amabwiriza y'imirire.

Gutakaza ibiro byihuse bikunze kubaho mu mezi 6-12 ya mbere, hanyuma bigatinda buhoro buhoro. Abantu bamwe bashobora gutakaza byinshi cyangwa bike ugereranije, kandi kugumana gutakaza ibiro bisaba ubuzima bwose kwitanga ku mirire myiza n'imyitozo ngororamubiri.

Q4: Nshobora gusama nyuma yo kubagwa igifu?

Yego, urashobora kugira inda nziza nyuma yo kubagwa igifu, kandi abagore benshi basanga gutakaza ibiro byongera ubushobozi bwabo bwo kubyara. Ariko, ni ngombwa gutegereza byibuze amezi 12-18 nyuma yo kubagwa mbere yo kugerageza gusama, kuko ibi bituma ibiro byawe bihamagara kandi bigabanya ibyago kuri wowe no ku mwana wawe.

Mugihe cyo gutwita, uzakenera gukurikiranwa hafi n'abaganga babiri b'indwara z'abagore n'itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga babaga kugirango wemeze ko ubona intungamubiri zikwiye. Ushobora gukenera imiti yunganira vitamini ihinduka no gukurikiranwa kenshi kw'imibereho yawe y'imirire.

Q5: Ni iki gitera syndrome yo guta ibintu nyuma yo kubagwa igifu?

Syndrome ya dumping ibaho iyo ibiryo byimuka vuba cyane biva mu gifu cyawe bijya mu mara mato, akenshi nyuma yo kurya ibiryo birimo isukari nyinshi cyangwa amavuta. Ibimenyetso birimo isesemi, kuruka, impiswi, isereri, ibyuya, no kumva unaniwe cyangwa uguye igihumure. Ibi bikunda kubaho hagati y'iminota 30 kugeza ku masaha 2 nyuma yo kurya.

Nubwo syndrome ya dumping ishobora kuba itaryoshye, abantu benshi basanga bibafasha kwirinda ibiryo bidafite ubuzima bwiza kuko biga guhuza ibyo biryo no kumva barwaye. Iyi ndwara akenshi ishobora gucungwa no kwirinda ibiryo bitera ibimenyetso no kurya amafunguro mato, akenshi.