Kubagwa umutima w'umutima ni iki? Intego, Uburyo & Gukira

Kubagwa umutima w'umutima ni uburyo bwo kuvura cyangwa gusimbuza imitsi y'umutima yangiritse itagikora neza. Umutima wawe ufite imitsi ine ikora nk'imiryango y'inzira imwe, ikemeza ko amaraso atembera mu cyerekezo cyiza binyuze mu byumba by'umutima wawe. Iyo iyi mitsi yangiritse, igabanutse, cyangwa ivuye, kubagwa birashobora gusubiza amaraso mu buryo busanzwe kandi bigafasha umutima wawe gukora neza.

Ubu buryo bushobora guhindura ubuzima bw'abantu bahura n'ibimenyetso nk'umwuka mubi, kuribwa mu gituza, cyangwa umunaniro bitewe n'ibibazo by'imitsi. Kumva ibikubiyemo birashobora kugufasha koroshya impungenge zawe no kukugutegurira ibiri imbere.

Kubagwa umutima w'umutima ni iki?

Kubagwa umutima w'umutima bikubiyemo gukora imitsi yawe isanzwe cyangwa kuyisimbuza iyindi mishya. Tekereza imitsi y'umutima wawe nk'amarembo afungura kandi agafunga buri gitima, akagenzura itembera ry'amaraso hagati y'ibyumba bine by'umutima wawe no ku mubiri wawe.

Iyo umutsi udafungura neza (stenosis) cyangwa udafunga neza (regurgitation), umutima wawe ugomba gukora cyane kugirango utere amaraso neza. Kubagwa bikosora ibi bibazo mugukosora imiterere y'umutsi cyangwa gushyiraho umutsi w'umusimbura.

Hariho ubwoko bubiri bw'ibanze bwo kubagwa umutima w'umutima: gukora no gusimbuza. Gukora bikubiyemo gukora umutsi wawe, mugihe gusimbuza bisobanura gukuraho umutsi wangiritse no gushyiraho umushya ukorwa mu gice cy'umubiri cyangwa ibikoresho bya mashini.

Kuki kubagwa umutima w'umutima bikorwa?

Kubagwa umutima w'umutima biba ngombwa iyo imitsi yangiritse igira ingaruka zikomeye ku bushobozi bw'umutima wawe bwo gutera amaraso neza. Muganga wawe azagusaba kubagwa iyo imiti yonyine idashobora gucunga ibimenyetso byawe cyangwa iyo ibizamini byerekana ko imikorere y'umutima wawe igabanuka.

Impamvu zisanzwe zitera kubagwa umutima zirimo gufungana cyane kw'umubavu w'umutima, aho umwanya wo gufungura uba muto cyane, no gusubira inyuma kw'amaraso cyane, aho umubavu uvamo amaraso akemerera amaraso gusubira inyuma. Ibi byombi bituma umutima wawe ukora cyane kurusha uko bisanzwe.

Ushobora gukenera kubagwa niba ufite ibimenyetso nk'uguhumeka cyane, kubabara mu gituza, isereri, cyangwa umunaniro bikubuza gukora imirimo yawe ya buri munsi. Rimwe na rimwe kubagwa birasabwa mbere y'uko ibimenyetso bigaragara niba ibizamini byerekana ko umutima wawe utangiye kunanuka kubera ikibazo cy'umubavu.

Icyemezo cyo kubagwa kandi gishingira ku mubavu wagize ikibazo. Ibibazo by'imibavu ya aortic cyangwa mitral bisaba ubufasha bwihuse kurusha ibibazo bya tricuspid cyangwa pulmonary, nubwo byose bishobora kuba bikomeye niba bitavuwe.

Ni iki gikorerwa kubagwa umubavu w'umutima?

Kubagwa umubavu w'umutima mubisanzwe bikubiyemo kubagwa umutima cyangwa uburyo butuma amaraso atavura cyane, bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze n'umubavu ukeneye kuvurwa. Itsinda ry'abaganga bazahitamo uburyo bwizewe kandi bufite akamaro ku kibazo cyawe.

Mugihe cyo kubagwa umutima, umuganga abaga akora igikomere hagati y'igituza cyawe hanyuma agahagarika umutima wawe by'agateganyo mugihe imashini ikora nk'umutima n'ibihaha ifata akazi ko gutera amaraso mu mubiri wawe. Ibi bituma umuganga abona ahantu hasobanutse neza, hatuje ho gukora cyangwa gusimbuza umubavu wawe neza.

Mugihe cyo gukora umubavu, umuganga ashobora gukora umubavu, gukuraho ibice byinshi, cyangwa gukoresha impeta kugirango ashyigikire imiterere y'umubavu. Niba gusimbuza bikenewe, bazakura umubavu wangiritse hanyuma bahingure umubavu mushya wa biyologiya cyangwa imashini uhuye n'imiterere yawe.

Uburyo butagira ibikomere byinshi bukoresha ibikomere bito n'ibikoresho byihariye, akenshi bifashishije imashini zikora nk'abantu. Ubu buryo bushobora kugabanya igihe cyo koroherwa n'ibikomere, nubwo butakwiriye kuri buri wese. Muganga wawe azaganira nawe ku buryo bukwiye kubera ikibazo cyawe cy'umutima n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Ubu buryo bwose hamwe busanzwe bufata amasaha 2 kugeza kuri 4, bitewe n'uburyo ikibazo cyawe kigoye kandi niba imitsi myinshi y'umutima ikeneye kwitabwaho. Mu gihe cyose cyo kubagwa, ikipe yawe y'abaganga ikurikirana ibimenyetso byawe by'ingenzi kandi ikemeza umutekano wawe mu ntambwe zose.

Ni gute witegura kubagwa umutima?

Kwitegura kubagwa umutima bikubiyemo intambwe nyinshi z'ingenzi zifasha kumenya neza umusaruro mwiza ushoboka. Ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi izagufasha mu cyiciro cyose cyo kwitegura, akenshi bitangira mu byumweru byinshi mbere y'itariki yo kubagwa.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba guhagarika imiti imwe n'imwe ishobora kongera ibyago byo kuva amaraso, nka aspirine cyangwa imiti ituma amaraso ataguma, hafi icyumweru mbere yo kubagwa. Uzongera kandi kwirinda kurya cyangwa kunywa ikintu icyo aricyo cyose nyuma ya saa sita z'ijoro mbere y'uburyo bwawe.

Igeragezwa mbere yo kubagwa mubisanzwe rikubiyemo akazi k'amaraso, imirasire ya X yo mu gituza, rimwe na rimwe n'ibindi bizami by'umutima kugirango muganga wawe abone ishusho igezweho y'uburwayi bwawe. Ushobora kandi guhura n'umuganga w'indwara z'ibihumura kugirango muganire ku micungire y'ububabare n'ikibazo icyo aricyo cyose cyerekeye ibihumura.

Kwitegura mu buryo bw'umubiri ni ingenzi kimwe. Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri yo gukomeza imbaraga zawe, kurya ibiryo bifite intungamubiri kugirango bishobore gukira, no kuruhuka bihagije. Niba unywa itabi, kureka mbere y'ibyumweru bike mbere yo kubagwa bishobora kunoza cyane imikorere yawe.

Kwitegura mu buryo bw'amarangamutima nabyo birafasha. Bisanzwe rwose kumva ufite impungenge kubera kubagwa umutima. Tekereza kuvugana n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi ku byerekeye impungenge zawe, guhura n'amatsinda ashyigikiye, cyangwa kuvugana n'umujyanama wihariye mu gufasha abantu mu buryo bw'ubuvuzi.

Uburyo bwo gusoma ibisubizo byawe byo kubagwa umutima?

Nyuma yo kubagwa umutima, itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizakurikirana imikorere yawe binyuze mu bizami bitandukanye n'ingero zerekana uburyo valve yawe nshya cyangwa yakosowe ikora neza. Kumva ibi bisubizo birashobora kugufasha kumva ufite icyizere cyinshi ku iterambere ryawe.

Echocardiograms ni igikoresho cyibanze cyo kugenzura imikorere ya valve yawe nyuma yo kubagwa. Izi shusho za ultrasound zerekana uburyo valve yawe ifungura kandi igafunga neza, kandi niba amaraso atembera neza mu byumba by'umutima wawe. Muganga wawe azagereranya ibi bisubizo n'ibizamini byawe mbere yo kubagwa.

Uzongera kugira ibizamini by'amaraso buri gihe kugirango urebe niba hari indwara, kugenzura ubushobozi bw'amaraso yawe bwo gukama (cyane cyane niba ufite valve ya mekaniki), no kureba niba ingingo zawe zikora neza. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizasobanura icyo buri kizamini kigereranya n'icyo ibisubizo bisobanura ku gukira kwawe.

Ibimenyetso by'umubiri ni ibimenyetso by'ingenzi by'intsinzi. Uburyo bwo kunoza urwego rwawe rw'imbaraga, guhumeka, no gushobora gukora imirimo ya buri munsi akenshi byerekana ko kubagwa valve yawe bikora neza. Muganga wawe azakubaza ibyo bihinduka mugihe cyo gukurikirana inama.

Igihe cyo gukira kiratandukanye, ariko abantu benshi bamenya impinduka buhoro buhoro mu bimenyetso byabo mu byumweru byinshi kugeza ku mezi. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizagena ibyiringiro bifatika kandi rigufashe gusobanukirwa uko iterambere rimeze kubera imiterere yawe yihariye.

Uburyo bwo gukomeza ubuzima bw'umutima nyuma yo kubagwa valve?

Gukomeza ubuzima bw'umutima wawe nyuma yo kubagwa valve birimo gukurikiza inama za muganga wawe no gufata ibyemezo byiza by'ubuzima bw'umutima. Izi ntambwe zifasha kureba ko ibisubizo byawe byo kubagwa bimara igihe kirekire gishoboka kandi bigashyigikira ubuzima bwawe bwose bwo mu mutima.

Gufata imiti yandikiwe neza nk'uko byategetswe ni ngombwa ku buzima bwawe burambye. Niba ufite valve ya mekaniki, uzakenera imiti ituma amaraso atavura ubuzima bwawe bwose kugira ngo wirinde ibibazo. Valve ya biyolojiya ishobora gukenera imiti itandukanye, kandi muganga wawe azasobanura ibyo ukeneye byihariye by'imiti.

Ibyo guhura buri gihe bituma ikipe y'ubuzima bwawe ikurikirana imikorere ya valve yawe kandi ikamenya ibibazo byose bishoboka hakiri kare. Uru ruzinduko rukunze gukubiyemo ibizamini by'umubiri, echocardiograms, n'ibiganiro ku byerekeye uko wumva umeze kandi ukora mu buzima bwa buri munsi.

Uburyo bwo kubaho bufasha umutima wawe bufasha koroherwa kwawe n'imibereho myiza y'igihe kirekire. Ibi birimo kurya indyo yuzuye ifite sodium nkeya, kuguma ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri nk'uko byategetswe na muganga wawe, gucunga umunaniro, no kwirinda itabi. Ikipe yawe y'ubuzima irashobora gutanga ubuyobozi bwihariye bushingiye ku byo ukeneye.

Gukumira indwara ni ngombwa cyane nyuma yo kubagwa valve. Uzakenera gufata imiti yica mikorobe mbere y'inzira zimwe na zimwe zo mu kanwa cyangwa mu buvuzi kugira ngo urinde valve yawe y'umutima indwara ziterwa na bagiteri. Muganga wawe azatanga urutonde rw'igihe iyi ngabo ikenewe.

Ni izihe mpamvu zishobora gutera ibibazo bya valve y'umutima?

Impamvu nyinshi zirashobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo guteza ibibazo bya valve y'umutima bishobora kuzasaba kubagwa. Kumva izi mpamvu zishobora kugufasha na muganga wawe gukurikirana ubuzima bw'umutima wawe neza.

Imyaka ni imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye cyane, kuko valve y'umutima isaza uko imyaka igenda. Valve ya aortic ikunda cyane impinduka ziterwa n'imyaka, hamwe no gukomera no gukomera biba ibisanzwe nyuma yimyaka 65.

Uburwayi bumwe na bumwe burashobora kwangiza valve y'umutima uko igihe kigenda. Ibi birimo indwara y'umutima ya rheumatic iterwa no kutavura umuhogo wa strep, endocarditis (indwara ya valve y'umutima), umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi, n'ubumuga bw'umutima bwa congenital buhari kuva bavuka.

Ibibazo by'umutima byabayeho mbere, harimo guturika kw'umutima cyangwa izindi nshingano zo kubaga umutima, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere ya valve. Byongeye kandi, imiti imwe n'imwe, nk'imirasire yo mu gituza, ishobora kwangiza valve z'umutima nyuma y'imyaka nyuma yo kuvurwa.

Amateka y'umuryango agira uruhare mu bibazo bimwe na bimwe bya valve, cyane cyane indwara ya bicuspid aortic valve na mitral valve prolapse. Niba ufite abavandimwe bafite ibibazo bya valve y'umutima, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukurikiranwa kenshi ku buzima bw'umutima wawe.

Mbese ni byiza gusanura cyangwa gusimbuza valve z'umutima?

Gusanura valve muri rusange birahabwa agaciro kurusha gusimbuza igihe bishoboka kuko bibungabunga igice cyawe cy'umubiri gisanzwe kandi akenshi bitanga ibisubizo byiza by'igihe kirekire. Valve zisanwe akenshi zimara igihe kirekire kandi zigakomeza imikorere isanzwe y'umutima ugereranije na valve zasimbuwe.

Ariko, gusanura ntabwo buri gihe bishoboka bitewe n'urugero rwo kwangirika kwa valve na valve yagizweho ingaruka. Valve za mitral akenshi zisanwa neza, mugihe valve za aortic zangiritse cyane zikunze gusaba gusimburwa bitewe n'imiterere yazo n'ubwoko bw'ubyangizi akenshi bahura nabyo.

Igihe gusimbuza ari ngombwa, uzahitamo hagati ya valve ya mekaniki na valve ya biyoloji, buri imwe ifite inyungu zihariye. Valve ya mekaniki irakomeye cyane kandi irashobora kumara ubuzima bwose, ariko bisaba imiti igabanya amaraso ubuzima bwose kugirango birinde ibibazo.

Valve ya biyoloji, ikozwe mu gice cy'inyamaswa, ntisaba imiti igabanya amaraso igihe kirekire ariko ishobora gukenera gusimburwa nyuma y'imyaka 10-20. Abarwayi bakiri bato bakunda guhitamo valve ya mekaniki kubera ubukana bwabo, mugihe abarwayi bakuze bashobora gukunda valve ya biyoloji kugirango birinde imiti igabanya amaraso.

Umuganga wawe uzabaganiraho uburyo bwiza bushingiye ku myaka yawe, imibereho yawe, izindi ndwara z'ubuzima, n'ibyifuzo byawe bwite. Icyemezo gifatwa ku giti cyawe, kandi icyiza ku muntu umwe ntigishobora kuba cyiza ku wundi.

Ni izihe ngorane zishoboka zo kubagwa valve y'umutima?

Mugihe kubagwa umutima w'umutima muri rusange bifite umutekano kandi bigira akamaro, kimwe n'ubundi kubagwa gukomeye, bifite ibyago bimwe abaganga bazaganira nawe mbere y'igihe. Kumva ibyo bishoboka bifasha gufata icyemezo gifitiye akamaro kandi kumenya ibimenyetso byo kwitondera mugihe cyo gukira.

Ingorane zisanzwe zirimo kuva amaraso, indwara, no kwitwara nabi kwa anesiteziya. Itsinda ry'abaganga bakora ububaji bafata ingamba nyinshi zo kugabanya ibyo byago, harimo gukoresha uburyo butuma ibintu bitandura, gukurikiranira hafi ibimenyetso byawe by'ingenzi, no kugira ibicuruzwa by'amaraso biboneka niba bibaye ngombwa.

Ingorane zihariye z'umutima, nubwo zitabaho cyane, zirimo imirimo y'umutima idasanzwe, amaraso yiziritse, cyangwa sitiroki. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rikora ubushakashatsi kuri ibyo bibazo mugihe cyo kubagwa no nyuma yaho, kandi imiti iraboneka niba bibaye.

Ibitekerezo by'igihe kirekire bitandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko bwa valve yawe. Valve ya mekaniki ifite ibyago by'amaraso yiziritse ubuzima bwose, bisaba imiti yitondewe. Valve ya biyolojiya irashobora gushira buhoro buhoro uko igihe gihita, bishobora gusaba kubagwa bundi bushya nyuma y'imyaka.

Abantu benshi cyane bakorerwa kubagwa umutima w'umutima bagira impinduka zigaragara mu bimenyetso byabo no mu mibereho yabo. Ingorane zikomeye ni gake, kandi uburambe bw'itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga bufasha kugabanya ibyago mugihe cyo kongera inyungu.

Kuki nkwiriye kubona umuganga kubera ibibazo bya valve y'umutima?

Ugomba kuvugana n'umuganga wawe niba ubona ibimenyetso bishobora kwerekana ibibazo bya valve y'umutima, cyane cyane niba ari bishya, bikomeza, cyangwa bikabangamira imirimo yawe ya buri munsi. Isuzuma rito rishobora gufasha kwirinda ingorane zikomeye.

Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi byo kwitondera birimo guhumeka nabi mugihe cy'imirimo isanzwe cyangwa mugihe uryamye, kubabara mu gituza cyangwa guhagarara, kuribwa umutwe cyangwa guta ubwenge, no kunanirwa bidasanzwe kudakira n'ikiruhuko. Ibi bimenyetso birashobora kwerekana ko valve zawe z'umutima zitagikora neza.

Niba ufite ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'imitsi y'umutima, nk'amateka y'umuryango y'ibibazo by'umutima, umuriro wabanje wa reumatike, cyangwa indwara zimwe na zimwe zivukira, kugenzura buri gihe kwa muganga wawe ni ngombwa nubwo wumva umeze neza. Ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by'imitsi bishobora kwiyongera buhoro buhoro nta bimenyetso bigaragara.

Nyuma yo kubagwa imitsi y'umutima, ugomba guhita uvugana n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi niba ugize umuriro, kuribwa mu gituza bikomeza, guhumeka nabi bidasanzwe, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kwandura hafi y'aho bagukoreye. Ibi bishobora kwerekana ingorane zikeneye ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga.

Ntugatinye kuvugana n'umuganga wawe ufite ibibazo cyangwa impungenge. Bahari kugirango bagufashe gukomeza ubuzima bw'umutima wawe kandi bashobora gutanga ubuyobozi igihe ibimenyetso bikwiriye isuzuma cyangwa kuvurwa.

Ibikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye no kubagwa imitsi y'umutima

Q1: Ese kubagwa imitsi y'umutima ni byiza ku guhagarara k'umutima?

Kubagwa imitsi y'umutima birashobora kunoza cyane guhagarara k'umutima iyo guhagarara guterwa n'ibibazo by'imitsi. Niba umutima wawe urwana kuko umitsi idakora neza, gukosora cyangwa gusimbuza uwo mutsi akenshi bifasha umutima wawe gutera neza kandi bigabanya ibimenyetso byo guhagarara k'umutima.

Ariko, kubagwa imitsi bikora neza iyo bikozwe mbere yo guhagarara k'umutima bikaba bikomeye. Niba imitsi y'umutima wawe yaracitse intege igihe kirekire kubera ibibazo by'imitsi, kubagwa birashobora gufasha, ariko kunoza birashobora kuba buhoro buhoro kandi bituzuye.

Q2: Ese kubagwa imitsi y'umutima bisaba imiti y'ubuzima bwose?

Gukenera imiti y'ubuzima bwose biterwa n'ubwoko bw'umutsi wakiriye. Niba ubonye umutsi wa mekaniki, uzakenera gufata imiti igabanya amaraso ubuzima bwawe bwose kugirango wirinde amaraso gukora ku mutsi.

Hamwe na valve zikora mu buryo bw'ibinyabuzima, akenshi ntuzakenera imiti igabanya amaraso igihe kirekire, nubwo ushobora gukenera indi miti y'umutima bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe muri rusange bumeze. Muganga wawe azagusobanurira imiti ukeneye byihariye bitewe n'ubwoko bwa valve ufite n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.

Q3: Ni igihe kingana gute umuntu amara akira nyuma yo kubagwa valve y'umutima?

Igihe cyo koroherwa kiratandukana bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ubuganga n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, ariko abantu benshi bamara icyumweru kimwe mu bitaro nyuma yo kubagwa valve y'umutima. Gukira neza akenshi bifata ibyumweru 6-8, nubwo ushobora kumva impinduka mu bimenyetso byawe mbere y'igihe.

Uburyo bwo kubaga butagira ingaruka nyinshi akenshi bugira igihe gito cyo koroherwa, aho abantu bamwe basubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe mu byumweru 2-4. Itsinda ry'abaganga bazatanga amabwiriza yihariye yo koroherwa kwawe bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ubuganga bwawe n'imikorere y'umuntu ku giti cye yo gukira.

Q4: Ibibazo bya valve y'umutima bishobora kugaruka nyuma yo kubagwa?

Ibibazo bya valve bishobora kugaruka, ariko ibi biterwa n'ibintu byinshi birimo ubwoko bw'ubuganga wakoze n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Valve zitunganyijwe rimwe na rimwe zikeneye ubuganga bwongereweho nyuma y'imyaka, mugihe valve zikora mu buryo bwa mekaniki zikomeye cyane kandi ntizikunda kunanirwa.

Valve zikora mu buryo bw'ibinyabuzima zigenda zishira uko igihe gishira kandi zishobora gukenera gusimburwa nyuma y'imyaka 10-20, cyane cyane ku barwayi bakiri bato. Inama zisanzwe zifasha muganga wawe gukurikirana imikorere ya valve yawe no gukemura ibibazo mbere y'igihe.

Q5: Ni ibihe bikorwa nshobora gukora nyuma yo kubagwa valve y'umutima?

Abantu benshi bashobora gusubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe nyuma yo koroherwa nyuma yo kubagwa valve y'umutima, akenshi bafite imbaraga zivuguruye n'imbogamizi nkeya kurusha mbere yo kubagwa. Muganga wawe azatanga amabwiriza yihariye ashingiye ku mikorere yawe yo gukira n'ubwoko bwa valve.

Muri rusange, ushobora gusubira gutwara imodoka, gukora, no gukora imyitozo yoroheje nyuma y'ibyumweru byinshi, ukagenda wongera ibikorwa uko ukira. Imikino imwe ikoranwa imibiri cyangwa ibikorwa bifite ibyago byinshi byo kuvunika bishobora kubuzwa, cyane cyane niba ufata imiti ituma amaraso atiyongera.