Ni iki cyitwa isesengura rya HIDA? Intego, Uburyo & Ibivamo

Isesengura rya HIDA ni isesengura ryihariye rifasha abaganga kureba uko igifu cyawe n'inzira z'amazi y'igifu bikora neza. Tekereza nk'ikinamico irambuye y'imikorere y'igifu cyawe, cyane cyane yibanda ku buryo amazi y'igifu ava mu mwijima wawe akanyura mu gifu cyawe akajya mu mara mato.

Iri sesengura rikoresha umubare muto w'ibikoresho bya radioaktifu bifite umutekano rwose kandi bikavanwa mu mubiri wawe mu buryo busanzwe. Isesengura rifata amafoto uko igihe kigenda cyiyongera kugira ngo yerekane neza icyo kiri kuba imbere, bifasha abaganga kumenya ibibazo bishobora gutera ibimenyetso byawe.

Isesengura rya HIDA ni iki?

Isesengura rya HIDA, ryitwa kandi hepatobiliary scintigraphy, ni isesengura rya imiti ya nukleyeri ikurikirana uko amazi y'igifu anyura mu mwijima wawe, igifu cyawe, n'inzira z'amazi y'igifu. Izina riva ku kintu gikoreshwa cya radioaktifu cyitwa hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid.

Mugihe cy'isesengura, umuhanga aterwa umubare muto w'ikintu cya radioaktifu mu urugingo rwawe rw'ukuboko. Iki kintu kigenda mu maraso yawe kikajya mu mwijima wawe, aho kivanga n'amazi y'igifu. Kamera yihariye noneho ifata amafoto uko iki kintu kigenda mu nzira z'amazi y'igifu n'igifu cyawe, yerekana uko izi ngingo zikora neza.

Isesengura ntiribabaza na gato kandi mubisanzwe bifata hagati y'isaha imwe n'eshatu kugirango birangire. Uzaryama ku meza mugihe kamera igenda ikuzenguruka, ariko ntuzumva imirasire cyangwa ikintu kigenda mu mubiri wawe.

Kuki isesengura rya HIDA rikoreshwa?

Umuvuzi wawe ategeka isesengura rya HIDA iyo ufite ibimenyetso byerekana ibibazo by'igifu cyawe cyangwa inzira z'amazi y'igifu. Iri sesengura rifasha kumenya neza icyo gitera kutumva neza kandi rikayobora ibyemezo by'imiti.

Impamvu isanzwe ituma iyi scan ikorwa ni ukureba indwara ya gallbladder, cyane cyane iyo izindi tests nka ultrasound zitatanze ibisubizo bisobanutse. Muganga wawe ashobora gukeka cholecystitis, ari ukuva mu gallbladder, cyangwa ibibazo byo gukora kwa gallbladder no gusohora.

Dore indwara zikomeye scan ya HIDA ishobora gufasha kumenya:

• Cholecystitis ikaze (kuva mu gallbladder ryihuse)
• Cholecystitis ihoraho (kuva mu gallbladder igihe kirekire)
• Imikorere mibi ya gallbladder cyangwa gusohora nabi kwa gallbladder
• Kubangamirwa cyangwa guhagarikwa kw'inzira ya bile
• Bile ivuye nyuma yo kubagwa
• Biliary dyskinesia (gallbladder ntabwo ikora neza)

Rimwe na rimwe abaganga bakoresha kandi scan ya HIDA kugirango basuzume indwara zitamenyerewe nka sphincter ya Oddi dysfunction, aho umusaraba ugenzura urujya n'uruza rwa bile ntukora neza. Iyi test irashobora kandi gufasha gusuzuma ingorane nyuma yo kubagwa gallbladder cyangwa umwijima.

Ni iki gikorerwa scan ya HIDA?

Uburyo bwa scan ya HIDA buroroshye kandi bubera mu ishami ry'imiti ya nikleyeri y'ibitaro. Uzafashanya n'abahanga b'umwuga bitoje neza bazakuyobora mu ntambwe zose kandi basubize ibibazo byose ufite.

Mbere na mbere, uzahindura mu ikanzu y'ibitaro maze uryame ku meza yuzuye. Umuteknisiye azashyira umurongo muto wa IV mu kuboko kwawe, wumva nk'umutwaro wihuse. Binyuze muri iyi IV, bazatera tracer ya radioaktive, bifata amasegonda make.

Ibi nibyo bibaho mugihe cya scan:

1. Uzarara utuje ku meza mugihe kamera nini igenda hirya no hino
2. Kamera ifata amafoto buri minota mike mu isaha ya mbere
3. Niba gallbladder yawe yuzuye na tracer, urashobora guhabwa umuti witwa CCK kugirango uyikore
4. Amafoto yinyongera afatwa kugirango urebe uburyo gallbladder yawe isohora neza
5. Uburyo bwose busanzwe bufata amasaha 1-4 bitewe nuko umubiri wawe witwara

Mugihe cyo gupima, urashobora guhumeka neza ndetse no kuvuga bucece, ariko uzakenera kuguma utuje uko bishoboka kose. Kamera ntigukora kandi ikora urusaku ruto. Abantu benshi basanga iki kizamini kiruhura, nubwo kuryama utuje igihe kirekire bishobora kutaba byiza.

Niba igifu cyawe kituzura umuti w'isuzuma mu isaha ya mbere, muganga wawe ashobora kuguha morphine kugirango ifashe kwibanda ku muti w'isuzuma. Ibi birashobora kongera igihe cyo gupima ariko bitanga ibisubizo byizewe.

Uburyo bwo kwitegura isuzuma ryawe rya HIDA?

Kwitegura neza bituma isuzuma ryawe rya HIDA ritanga ibisubizo byizewe bishoboka. Ibiro bya muganga wawe bizatanga amabwiriza yihariye, ariko aha hari ibisabwa bisanzwe uzakenera gukurikiza.

Intambwe yingenzi yo kwitegura ni ukuzirika byibuze amasaha ane mbere yo gupimwa. Ibi bivuze ko nta biryo, ibinyobwa (usibye amazi), chingamu, cyangwa ibiryo biryoshye. Kuzirika bifasha igifu cyawe cyo mu nda kwibanda ku nyuma, bigatuma byoroha kubona mugihe cyo gupima.

Mbere yo guhura nawe, menyesha ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi ibi bisobanuro byingenzi:

• Imiti yose urimo gufata, harimo imiti itangwa nta cyangombwa
• Allergies zose ufite
• Niba utwite cyangwa urimo konka
• Indwara ziheruka cyangwa izindi igeragezwa ry'ubuvuzi
• Uko byagenze mbere kubijyanye n'ibintu bitandukanye cyangwa imiti

Ugomba gukomeza gufata imiti yawe isanzwe keretse muganga wawe akubwiye byihariye kubihagarika. Ariko, imiti imwe irashobora kugira ingaruka ku bisubizo by'igeragezwa, bityo muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba guhagarika by'agateganyo imiti imwe nka imiti ibabaza ya narcotic.

Jyana imyenda yoroshye, yagutse idafite imizinga y'icyuma cyangwa amabuto hafi y'inda yawe. Birashoboka ko uzahindura mu ikanzu y'ibitaro, ariko imyenda yoroshye ituma ibyabaye bishimisha.

Uburyo bwo gusoma ibisubizo byawe bya HIDA?

Ibyavuye mu isuzuma ryawe rya HIDA byerekana uko imvubura ya bile itembera neza mu mwijima wawe, mu gifu cy'indurwe, no mu miyoboro ya bile. Umuganga w’inzobere mu buvuzi bwa nikere ya radiologiste azasesengura amashusho yawe hanyuma yohereze raporo irambuye kwa muganga wawe.

Ibyavuye mu isuzuma bisanzwe byerekana ikimenyetso gitembera neza kiva mu mwijima wawe kigana mu gifu cy'indurwe yawe mu minota 30-60. Igifu cyawe cy'indurwe kigomba kuzura neza hanyuma kigashyira hanze nibura 35-40% by'ibiyirimo iyo gihagurukiwe n'umuti wa CCK.

Dore icyo ibisubizo bitandukanye bisanzwe bisobanura:

• Isesengura risanzwe: Ikimenyetso cyuzura mu gifu cy'indurwe kandi kigashyira hanze neza, kikerekana imikorere myiza
• Gifu cy'indurwe kituzura: Bivuga ko hari uburwayi bukomeye bwo mu gifu cy'indurwe cyangwa kubyimbirwa kw'igifu cy'indurwe
• Kuzura bitinze: Bishobora kwerekana kubyimbirwa kw'igifu cy'indurwe cyangwa guhagarikwa kw'igice
• Kutagira neza: Bishobora kuvuga imikorere mibi y'igifu cy'indurwe cyangwa dyskinesia ya bile
• Ikimenyetso ntikigera mu mara: Bivuga ko hari imbogamizi mu miyoboro ya bile

Igice cyawe cyo gusohora ni igipimo cy'ingenzi cyerekana ijanisha ry'imvubura ya bile igifu cyawe cy'indurwe gishyira hanze. Igice gisanzwe cyo gusohora ni akenshi 35% cyangwa hejuru, nubwo laboratori zimwe na zimwe zikoresha 40% nk'urugero rwabo.

Niba igice cyawe cyo gusohora kiri munsi y'ibisanzwe, bishobora kwerekana indwara y'igifu cy'indurwe nubwo ibindi bizamini bisa nkibisanzwe. Ariko, muganga wawe azatekereza ibimenyetso byawe byose n'ibisubizo by'ibizamini byose hamwe mbere yo gutanga inama z'imiti.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kugira ibisubizo bidasanzwe bya HIDA?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo kugira isesengura rya HIDA ridasanzwe, nubwo abantu benshi bafite ibyo bintu byongera ibyago batigeze bagira ibibazo by'igifu cy'indurwe. Kumva ibyo bintu bifasha wowe na muganga wawe gufata ibyemezo bifitiye akamaro ku buzima bwawe.

Imyaka n'ubwoko bifite uruhare runini mu ndwara z'umwijima. Abagore barushaho kurwara indwara z'umwijima, cyane cyane mu gihe batwite cyangwa bafata imiti isimbura imisemburo. Ibyago byiyongera uko umuntu ashaje, cyane cyane nyuma y'imyaka 40.

Ibi bintu by'imibereho n'ubuvuzi bishobora kongera ibyago byawe:

• Guta ibiro vuba cyangwa gukoresha imirire ya yo-yo
• Imirire irimo amavuta menshi, ifite fibre nkeya
• Umubyibuho ukabije cyangwa kuremererwa cyane
• Indwara ya diyabete cyangwa kurwanya insuline
• Amateka y'umuryango y'indwara z'umwijima
• Imiti imwe n'imwe nka pilule zigenzura urubyaro
• Indwara yo mu mara itera kubyimba
• Kubagwa mu nda mbere

Abantu bamwe barwara indwara z'umwijima batagira ibintu bigaragara bibatera ibyago. Imiterere y'umubiri ifite uruhare, kandi amoko amwe n'amwe, harimo Abanyamerika kavukire n'Abanyamerika bo muri Mexico, bafite urwego rwo hejuru rw'indwara z'umwijima.

Gusama ni ikintu cyihariye kuko impinduka za hormone zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umwijima. Niba utwite kandi ukeneye isesengura rya HIDA, muganga wawe azagereranya neza inyungu n'ibishobora kuba byatera.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa n'ibisubizo bidasanzwe bya scan ya HIDA?

Nubwo isesengura rya HIDA ridasanzwe ubwaryo ntiriteza ingaruka, ibibazo by'umwijima byihishe byerekana bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima niba bitavuwe. Kumva izi ngaruka zishobora gutera bifasha gusobanukirwa impamvu kwitabwaho nyuma y'isesengura ari ngombwa cyane.

Cholecystitis ikaze, yerekanywe n'umwijima utuzura ibimenyetso, ishobora gutera ingaruka ziteje akaga. Urukuta rw'umwijima rushobora kubyimba cyane, kwandura, cyangwa no guturika, bisaba kubagwa byihutirwa.

Dore ingaruka z'ingenzi zishobora guterwa n'indwara z'umwijima zitavuwe:

• Uburwayi bwo kwangirika kw'igifu: Urukuta rw'igifu rurashwanyuka, amazi yanduye akameneka mu nda yawe
• Urubori: Imitsi y'igifu irapfa kubera kubura amaraso
• Urubumbano rw'ibibyimba: Ibibyimba byanduye bitangira gukura hirya no hino y'igifu
• Amabuye y'inzira z'amazi y'igifu: Amabuye ava mu gifu akaziba inzira z'amazi y'igifu
• Pancreatitis: Uburwayi bwo mu gifu buterwa no kuziba kw'inzira z'amazi y'igifu
• Cholangitis: Uburwayi bukomeye bw'inzira z'amazi y'igifu

Uburwayi bw'igifu butagira akamaro, aho igifu kidashobora gusohora neza, bushobora gutera ububabare buhoraho n'ibibazo byo mu gifu. Nubwo bitari byihutirwa, bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho yawe kandi bishobora gusaba kubagwa.

Inkuru nziza ni uko ibibazo byinshi by'igifu bishobora kuvurwa neza iyo byamenyekanye hakiri kare. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugirango akore gahunda yo kuvura ikemura ikibazo cyawe kandi ikakumira ingorane.

Kuki nkwiriye kubona umuganga kubera ibimenyetso by'igifu?

Ugomba kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ubona ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza ibibazo by'igifu, cyane cyane niba bihoraho cyangwa bikomeza kwiyongera. Isuzuma ryo hakiri kare rishobora gukumira ingorane kandi rigufashe kumva neza vuba.

Ikimenyetso gikunze kugaragara cyane cy'igifu ni ububabare mu gice cyo hejuru cy'iburyo bw'inda yawe, akenshi bita biliary colic. Ubu bubabare butangira mu buryo butunguranye, bumara iminota 30 kugeza ku masaha menshi, kandi bushobora kwimukira mu mugongo wawe cyangwa ku rutugu rw'iburyo.

Dore ibimenyetso bikwiriye kwitabwaho na muganga:

• Urubabare rukaze mu nda rudakira n'uko uhindura uko wicaye
• Urugimbu n'umuriro, cyane cyane hamwe n'ububabare bwo mu nda
• Umuriro hamwe n'ububabare bwo mu nda
• Umuhondo w'uruhu cyangwa amaso (umuhondo)
• Umusaruro w'ibumba cyangwa inkari z'umukara
• Kutagira igogora rihoraho cyangwa kubyimba nyuma yo kurya ibiryo birimo amavuta
• Urubabare rukubangura mu ijoro

Shaka ubuvuzi bwihuse niba ugize urubabare rukaze mu nda hamwe n'umuriro, imbeho, cyangwa kuruka. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kwerekana cholecystitis ikaze cyangwa izindi ngorane zikomeye zisaba kuvurwa vuba.

Ntugahweme kwitaho ibimenyetso byoroheje bikunda kugaruka. Kutagira igogora kenshi, kubyimba, cyangwa kutumva neza nyuma yo kurya ibiryo birimo amavuta bishobora kwerekana indwara ya gallbladder ikora neza ishobora kungukirwa no gukora intervensiyo hakiri kare.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa kuri HIDA scans

Q1: Ese HIDA scan iratekanye mugihe utwite?

HIDA scans akenshi ziririndwa mugihe utwite keretse bibaye ngombwa kubera ko bikubiyemo ibikoresho bya radioaktive. Umubare wa radiasiyo ni muto, ariko abaganga bakunda gukoresha izindi nzira zitekanye nka ultrasound niba bishoboka.

Niba utwite kandi muganga wawe aguteye HIDA scan, bivuze ko inyungu zishobora kurenga ibyago. Bazakoresha urugero ruto rushoboka rw'ibimenyetso bya radioaktive kandi bafate ingamba zidasanzwe zo kukurinda wowe n'umwana wawe.

Q2: Ese igice gito cyo gusohora buri gihe bisobanura ko nkeneye kubagwa?

Ntabwo ari ngombwa. Igice gito cyo gusohora munsi ya 35-40% bivuga ko gallbladder yawe itasohora neza, ariko kubagwa biterwa n'ibimenyetso byawe n'ubuzima muri rusange. Abantu bamwe bafite igice gito cyo gusohora ntibagira ibimenyetso kandi ntibakeneye kuvurwa.

Muganga wawe azatekereza uburyo bw'ububabare bwawe, uburyo ibimenyetso bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi, n'ibindi byavuye mu bizami mbere yo gutanga icyemezo cyo kubagwa. Abantu benshi bafite indwara ya gallbladder ikora neza bakora neza no guhindura imirire n'imiti.

Q3: Ese imiti ishobora kugira ingaruka ku byavuye muri HIDA scan yanjye?

Yego, imiti myinshi irashobora kugira ingaruka ku ngaruka z'isuzuma rya HIDA. Imiti igabanya ububabare ikoreshwa mu kubaga irashobora gutera ingaruka z'ukuri zitari zo, binyuze mu kubuza uruhago rw'igifu kuzura neza. Imwe mu miti ikoreshwa mu kurwanya mikorobe n'indi miti irashobora no kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'amazi y'igifu.

Buri gihe bwire umuganga wawe ku miti yose urimo gufata, harimo n'imiti itangwa nta cyangombwa cy'urukaratasi n'ibyongerera imbaraga. Barashobora kugusaba guhagarika by'agateganyo imiti imwe n'imwe mbere y'isuzuma kugira ngo bagaragaze neza ingaruka z'isuzuma.

Q4: Noneho, umuti ukoreshwa mu isuzuma rya radiyo uzamara igihe kingana iki mu mubiri wanjye?

Umuti wa radiyo ukoreshwa mu isuzuma rya HIDA ufite igihe gito cyo gukora kandi usohoka mu mubiri wawe mu buryo busanzwe mu masaha 24-48. Byinshi muri byo bikurwaho binyuze mu mazi y'igifu ajya mu mara yawe hanyuma akajya mu myanda yawe.

Ntabwo ukeneye gufata ingamba zidasanzwe nyuma y'isuzuma, ariko kunywa amazi menshi birashobora gufasha gukuraho umuti wihuse. Urwego rwo kwishyiriraho imirasire ni kimwe n'icyo wakura mu isuzuma rya X-ray ry'igituza.

Q5: Noneho, ni iki kibaho iyo uruhago rw'igifu rwanjye rutagaragaye ku isuzuma?

Niba uruhago rwawe rw'igifu rutazura umuti mu gihe cy'isuzuma, mubisanzwe bigaragaza cholecystitis ikaze cyangwa kubyimba gukabije kw'uruhago rw'igifu. Ibi bifatwa nk'ingaruka nziza ku ndwara ikaze y'uruhago rw'igifu.

Umuganga wawe ashobora kuguha morphine mu gihe cy'isuzuma kugira ngo afashe kwibanda ku muti no kubona ishusho isobanutse. Niba uruhago rwawe rw'igifu rutazura, birashoboka ko uzakenera ubuvuzi bwihuse, akenshi burimo imiti ikoreshwa mu kurwanya mikorobe ndetse no kubagwa.