Ni iki cyitwa Laminectomy? Intego, Uburyo bwo kubaga & Gukira

Laminectomy ni uburyo bwo kubaga aho umuganga akuraho agace gato k'igufwa kitwa lamina ku mugongo wawe. Bitekereze nk'aho waremye umwanya munini mu ngendo yuzuye abantu - kubaga bigabanya umuvuduko ku mugongo wawe cyangwa imitsi ishobora gutera ububabare, urugimbu, cyangwa intege nke.

Ni iki cyitwa laminectomy?

Laminectomy ni ubwoko bwo kubaga umugongo bukura igice cy'igufwa rya vertebral kugira ngo bigabanye umuvuduko mu muyoboro wawe w'umugongo. Lamina ni igice cy'inyuma cya buri vertebra igize igisenge hejuru y'umuyoboro wawe w'umugongo, kandi iyo ikuweho, biha imitsi yawe ikandamije umwanya wo guhumeka.

Ubu buryo rimwe na rimwe bwitwa decompressive laminectomy kuko intego yayo nyamukuru ni ukugabanya umuvuduko ku mugongo wawe cyangwa imizi y'imitsi. Umuganga wawe akunda gukora ubu bwoko bwo kubaga iyo izindi nshuti zitatanze ubufasha buhagije ku bimenyetso byawe.

Kubaga birashobora gukorwa ku gice icyo aricyo cyose cy'umugongo wawe, ariko akenshi bikorwa mu gice cyo hasi cy'umugongo (lumbar spine) cyangwa mu gice cy'ijosi (cervical spine). Aho uherereye byihariye biterwa n'aho ibimenyetso byawe bituruka kandi n'ibyo ishusho yawe yerekana.

Kuki laminectomy ikorwa?

Laminectomy irasabwa iyo ufite spinal stenosis - uburwayi aho umuyoboro wawe w'umugongo ugenda ugabanuka cyane kandi ugakanda imitsi yawe. Uku kugabanuka birashobora kubaho bitewe n'imihindagurikire ijyanye n'imyaka, kubabara mu ngingo, cyangwa izindi ndwara z'umugongo ziteza ibibazo by'amagufwa cyangwa imitsi yuzuye.

Muganga wawe ashobora gutanga igitekerezo cyo kubaga niba urimo guhura n'ububabare bw'ukuguru, urugimbu, cyangwa intege nke bituma kugenda bigorana. Abantu benshi basobanura kumva nk'aho amaguru yabo aremereye cyangwa bakeneye kwicara kenshi mugihe bagenda - ibi byitwa neurogenic claudication.

Iyi nzira ikorwa kandi ku dusogongero tw'imisonga tutitabira imiti isanzwe, ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa kanseri zikanda ku mugongo wawe, cyangwa ibikomere byateye ibice by'amagufa gukanda imitsi yawe.

Mu buryo butajegajega, laminectomy ishobora gukenerwa kubera indwara zanduye mu mugongo wawe, indwara ya arthritis ikaze itera imikurire y'amagufa, cyangwa indwara zivukira aho umuyoboro wawe w'umugongo wavukiye ufite ubugari buke cyane.

Ni iki gikorerwa laminectomy?

Laminectomy yawe izakorwa ukoresheje imiti yo gutera urujijo, bityo uzaba uryamye rwose mugihe cyo kubagwa. Iyi nzira isanzwe ifata hagati y'isaha imwe n'amasaha atatu, bitewe n'urwego rwinga ryinga ryawe rigomba kuvurwa.

Umuvuzi wawe azakora igikomere hejuru y'agace kawe k'umugongo kagizweho ingaruka hanyuma yitonde cyane imitsi kugirango agere ku magufa. Akoresheje ibikoresho byihariye, bazakura lamina n'ibice by'amagufa cyangwa imitsi yuzuye ikanda ku mitsi yawe.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, umuganga wawe ashobora gukenera gukuraho ibindi bice cyangwa gukora discectomy (gukuraho ibikoresho bya disiki) niba disiki yagize ingaruka nayo igira uruhare mukanda imitsi yawe. Intego ni ugukora umwanya uhagije mugihe ugumana umutekano w'umugongo wawe.

Niba umugongo wawe ukeneye inkunga yinyongera nyuma yo gukuraho amagufa, umuganga wawe ashobora gushimangira spinal fusion icyarimwe. Ibi bikubiyemo gushyira ibikoresho by'amagufa hagati y'amagufa kugirango abashishikarize gukura hamwe burundu.

Ni gute wakitegura laminectomy yawe?

Ukwitegura kwawe bitangira mu byumweru byinshi mbere yo kubagwa hamwe no gusuzuma neza ibijyanye n'ubuzima. Muganga wawe azasuzuma imiti yawe kandi ashobora kugusaba guhagarika gufata imiti ituma amaraso yoroha cyangwa imiti irwanya ibyuririzi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kuva amaraso mugihe cyo kubagwa.

Birashoboka ko uzakeneye gukora ibizamini mbere yo kubagwa birimo ibizamini by'amaraso, EKG, ndetse n'ifoto ya X-ray y'igituza. Niba unywa itabi, muganga wawe azagushishikariza cyane kureka byibuze mu byumweru bibiri mbere yo kubagwa, kuko kunywa itabi bishobora gutinda cyane igihe cyo gukira.

Ijoro rimbere yo kubagwa, uzagomba guhagarika kurya no kunywa nyuma ya saa sita z'ijoro keretse itsinda ry'abaganga bakubaga bakugiriye izindi nama. Teganya umuntu uzakujyana ku bitaro no kukugarura, kuko ntuzashobora kwitwara nyuma yo kubagwa.

Tegura urugo rwawe kugira ngo ukire ushyiraho ahantu ho kuryama neza ku igorofa rya mbere niba icyumba cyawe cyo kuraramo kiri hejuru. Uzane ibiryo byoroshye gutegura kandi wemeze ko ufite imiti yose yanditswe kugira ngo uyitegure igihe uzaba ugarutse mu rugo.

Ni gute usoma ibisubizo byawe bya laminectomy?

Intsinzi nyuma ya laminectomy ikunze gupimwa no kunoza ibimenyetso byawe aho gupima imibare yihariye. Abantu benshi bagira uburibwe bukomeye mu kuguru, ububabare, no kunanirwa mu byumweru byambere nyuma yo kubagwa.

Uburyo bwawe bwo kugenda bugomba kuzagenda butungana buhoro buhoro, kandi ushobora kubona ko ushobora kugenda intera ndende utagombye kwicara. Uburyaryate cyangwa ububabare mu maguru yawe akenshi butungana buhoro kuruta ububabare, rimwe na rimwe bitwara amezi menshi kugira ngo bikire neza.

Umuvuzi wawe azakurikiza iterambere ryawe binyuze mu nama zikurikira kandi ashobora gutumiza ibizamini byerekana amashusho nka X-ray cyangwa MRI kugirango yemeze ko umugongo wawe ukira neza. Aya mashusho afasha kwemeza ko igikorwa cyo gukuramo cyagezweho kandi ko umugongo wawe uguma utajegajega.

Wibuke ko nubwo abantu benshi babona iterambere rikomeye, uburyo bwo gukira bugenda buhoro buhoro. Ibimenyetso bimwe bisigaye bishobora gukomeza, cyane cyane niba wari ufite umuvuduko ukabije w'imitsi igihe kirekire mbere yo kubagwa.

Ni gute wakongera imbaraga mu gukira kwawe kwa laminectomy?

Uburyo bwo gukira kwawe bushingiye cyane ku gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wabagukoreye no kwihangana mu gihe cyo gukira. Abantu benshi bashobora gusubira mu bikorwa byoroheje mu byumweru bike, ariko gukira neza mubisanzwe bifata amezi menshi.

Imiti ivura umubiri mubisanzwe itangira mu byumweru bike nyuma yo kubagwa kugirango igufashe kugarura imbaraga no kugenda neza. Umuganga wawe uzakwigisha uburyo bwo gukoresha umubiri neza n'imyitozo ngororamubiri kugirango ushyigikire umugongo wawe uko ukira.

Kugenzura ububabare ni ngombwa mugihe cyo gukira, kandi muganga wawe azandika imiti ikwiriye kugirango ugume umeze neza. Ariko, ni ngombwa kugabanya buhoro buhoro ikoreshwa ry'imiti igabanya ububabare uko gukira kwawe kugenda neza kugirango wirinde kugirirwa ishyari.

Irinde kuzamura ibintu biremereye (mubisanzwe ikintu cyose kirenze ibiro 10 mbere), gupfukama, cyangwa guhindagurika mu byumweru byambere. Izi mbogamizi zifasha kumenya neza ko umugongo wawe ukira neza kandi bigabanya ibyago byo kugira ibibazo.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo gukenera laminectomy?

Imyaka ni ikintu cyongera ibyago cyane, kuko spinal stenosis mubisanzwe itera buhoro buhoro uko igihe gihita kubera gukoresha umugongo wawe. Abantu barengeje imyaka 50 bafite amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere ibibazo bituma bakeneye ubu buvuzi.

Ibintu byinshi birashobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo guteza imbere spinal stenosis ishobora gusaba laminectomy. Kubyibushya bishyira igitutu kinini ku mugongo wawe, mugihe imirimo ikubiyemo kuzamura ibintu biremereye cyangwa gupfukama kenshi bishobora kwihutisha kwangirika k'umugongo.

Imiterere yawe nayo igira uruhare - niba abagize umuryango wawe baragize ibibazo by'umugongo, ushobora kurushaho kwibasirwa no guteza imbere ibibazo nk'ibyo. Ibyiciro bimwe na bimwe nka rheumatoid arthritis cyangwa indwara ya Paget nayo ishobora gutuma spinal stenosis.

Ubukomere bw'umugongo bwa mbere, nubwo buto, rimwe na rimwe bushobora gutera impinduka zirambye zishobora gukenera ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi. Kunywa itabi ni ikindi kintu cyongera ibyago kuko bigabanya imigezi y'amaraso ku mugongo wawe kandi bishobora kwihutisha kwangirika kw'imitsi.

Mbese ni byiza kubagwa laminectomy vuba cyangwa nyuma?

Igihe cyo kubagwa laminectomy giterwa n'uburemere bw'ibimenyetso byawe n'uburyo wumva imiti itabazwe. Abaganga benshi basaba kubanza kugerageza imiti idasaba kubagwa, harimo imyitozo ngororamubiri, imiti, n'inkingo.

Ariko, niba ufite ibimenyetso bikomeye bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi, cyangwa niba ufite ibimenyetso byo kwangirika kw'imitsi bigenda byiyongera, kubagwa hakiri kare byaba bifite akamaro. Gutinda igihe kirekire ufite imitsi ikomeretse cyane rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutuma yangirika burundu.

Umuvuzi wawe azagufasha gupima inyungu n'ibibazo bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze. Ibintu nk'imyaka yawe, ubuzima muri rusange, urwego rw'ibikorwa, n'uburemere bwa spinal stenosis yawe byose bigira uruhare mu gushyiraho igihe cyiza.

Birakwiye kumenya ko laminectomy muri rusange itekerezwa iyo ibimenyetso byawe bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho yawe myiza kandi imiti idasaba kubagwa itatanze ubufasha buhagije nyuma y'amezi menshi yo gukora cyane.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa na laminectomy?

Kimwe n'ubundi bwoko bwose bwo kubagwa, laminectomy ifite ibibazo bimwe na bimwe, nubwo ingaruka zikomeye zitamenyerewe. Ibibazo bikunze kugaragara cyane birimo kwandura ahantu habagiriwe, kuva amaraso, no kwitwara nabi ku miti ituma umuntu atagira ubwenge.

Ingaruka zifitanye isano n'imitsi zirashobora kubaho, nubwo bidakunze. Ibi bishobora kuba ukutumva, intege nke, cyangwa mu bihe bidasanzwe cyane, guhagarara kw'imitsi. Umuvuzi wawe akoresha ubushishozi bwinshi kugirango yirinde izi ngaruka akoresha uburyo bwo kubaga neza.

Abantu bamwe barumva kubabara umugongo nyuma yo kubagwa, bishobora gutandukanye n'ibimenyetso byabo by'umwimerere. Ibi bishobora guterwa no gukora imitsi y'ibikomere, gukomeza kwangirika kw'umugongo ku zindi nzego, cyangwa mu bihe bidasanzwe, kutagira umutekano w'umugongo.

Izindi ngorane zishobora kuvukamo zirimo kuvusha amazi yo mu bwonko, amaraso yipfunditse, no gukenera kubagwa bundi bushya. Itsinda ry’abaganga bakubaga bazaganira kuri izi ngaruka nawe mu buryo burambuye kandi bakusobanurire uko bakora kugira ngo bazigabanye mu gihe bakubaga.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kujya kwa muganga kubera ibibazo byo mu mugongo?

Ukwiriye kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ufite ububabare buhoraho mu mugongo cyangwa mu kuguru butagabanuka iyo uruhutse cyangwa ukoresheje imiti itangwa itagombye uruhushya rwa muganga. Witondere cyane niba ububabare buherekejwe no gucika intege, kuribwa, cyangwa kudakomera kw'amaguru yawe.

Gana ubuvuzi bwihutirwa niba ugize ububabare bukaze mu mugongo nyuma yo gukomereka, cyangwa niba utakaza ubushobozi bwo kwihagarika cyangwa kwituma. Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'indwara ikomeye yitwa cauda equina syndrome ikeneye kuvurwa byihutirwa.

Niba ubonye ko ubushobozi bwawe bwo kugenda bugabanuka, cyangwa niba ukeneye kwicara kenshi mugihe ugenda kubera ububabare bw'amaguru cyangwa kudakomera, ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso bya spinal stenosis bishobora kunguka iyo isuzumwe.

Ntugatinye gushaka ubuvuzi niba ibimenyetso byawe bibangamira imirimo yawe ya buri munsi, gusinzira, cyangwa imibereho yawe. Isuzuma rito n'imiti bya kare byakunze gufasha kwirinda ko indwara zirushaho kuba mbi kandi bishobora kugufasha kwirinda imiti ikoresha ibikoresho byinshi nyuma.

Ibikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye na laminectomy

Q.1 Ese laminectomy ni nziza kuri disiki yaturitse?

Laminectomy irashobora kugira akamaro kuri disiki yaturitse, ariko akenshi ihuzwa na discectomy (gukuraho ibikoresho bya disiki yaturitse). Ubu buryo buhuriweho, bwitwa laminectomy hamwe na discectomy, buvura umuvuduko w'amagufa n'ibikoresho bya disiki bikanda ku ntsinga zawe. Umuganga ukubaga azemeza niba ubu buryo bukwiye ubwoko bwawe bwihariye bwa disiki yaturitse.

Q.2 Ese laminectomy itera kudakomera kw'umugongo?

Laminectomy ishobora gutera ibibazo byo kudahagarara neza kw'umugongo, ariko ibi biba cyane iyo ibice binini by'amagufa bikurwaho cyangwa iyo urwego rwinshi rugirwamo uruhare. Umuganga wawe abanza gusuzuma neza uko umugongo wawe uhagaze mbere na nyuma yo kubaga. Niba hari impungenge z'uko udahagaze neza, bashobora kugusaba guhuza laminectomy no guhuza umugongo kugira ngo ugumane imiterere y'umugongo neza n'imikorere yawo.

Q.3 Uburibwe bwa laminectomy bumara igihe kingana iki?

Abantu benshi bagira uburibwe bugabanuka cyane kandi burambye nyuma ya laminectomy, hamwe n'ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko 70-90% by'abarwayi bagumana ibisubizo byiza mu myaka myinshi. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumva ko laminectomy idahagarika uburyo umugongo wawe usaza. Abantu bamwe bashobora kugira ibimenyetso ku zindi nzego nyuma y'igihe, ariko ibi ntibisobanura ko kubaga k'umwimerere byananiranye.

Q.4 Nshobora gusubira mu mikino nyuma ya laminectomy?

Abantu benshi bashobora gusubira mu mikino n'ibikorwa bya siporo nyuma ya laminectomy, nubwo igihe n'ibikorwa byihariye biterwa n'uko ukira n'ubwoko bw'imikino ukunda. Ibikorwa bitagira ingaruka nyinshi nko koga, kugenda, no gutwara igare birashishikarizwa. Umuganga wawe n'umuvuzi wa fiziterapi bazagufasha kumenya igihe n'uburyo bwo gusubira mu bikorwa bikomeye mu buryo bwizewe.

Q.5 Ni ikihe gitandukanye cya laminectomy na laminotomy?

Laminectomy ikubiyemo gukuraho lamina yose (igice cy'inyuma cya vertebra), mugihe laminotomy ikuraho igice gito cya lamina. Laminotomy ni uburyo butagoye cyane bushobora guhagije kubice bito byo guhagarika. Umuganga wawe azahitamo uburyo butanga gufungura bihagije mugihe agumanye byinshi mubikorwa bisanzwe by'umugongo wawe uko bishoboka.