Ni iki cyitwa kubagwa amaso kwa LASIK? Intego, Uburyo & Ibivamo

Kubagwa amaso kwa LASIK ni uburyo bukoreshwa na laser buzwi cyane bugamije guhindura imiterere ya korone yawe kugira ngo ikosore ibibazo byo kureba nabi nk'uburangare, uburebure bwo kureba, na astigmatism. Muri ubu buryo bukorerwa hanze y'ivuriro, umuganga w'amaso akoresha laser y'ukuri akuraho utuntu duto twa tissue ya korone, bituma urumuri rushobora kwibanda neza kuri retina yawe kugira ngo urebe neza.

Abantu benshi bahitamo LASIK kuko bifuza kwisanzura ku kwambara amadarubindi cyangwa contact lenses. Ubu buryo busanzwe bufata iminota 10-15 kuri buri jisho kandi bushobora kunoza cyane imboni yawe mu masaha 24.

Ni iki cyitwa kubagwa amaso kwa LASIK?

LASIK yerekana Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis, ni uburyo bw'ukuri bwo kuvuga

Iyi nzira ishobora gufasha abantu bafite imirimo aho amadarubindi ashobora kutagira akamaro, nk'abazima umuriro cyangwa abakinnyi. Abantu benshi barashaka gusa umudendezo n'icyizere biva mu kubona neza, karemano.

Ariko, LASIK ntikwiriye kuri buri wese. Muganga w'amaso yawe azasuzuma uko umeze kugira ngo amenye niba uri umukandida mwiza w'iyi nzira.

Ni iki iyi nzira ya LASIK ari cyo?

Iyi nzira ya LASIK itangira no gushyiraho amavuta yo mu maso kugira ngo wumve ko nta bwoba ufite mu gihe cyo kubagwa. Muganga wawe azagushyira neza munsi ya mashini ya laser kandi akoreshe igikoresho gito kugira ngo ufungure imfunzo yawe.

Ibi nibyo bibaho mugihe cyo gukora iyi nzira:

1. Muganga wawe akora urupapuro rutoya muri korone yawe akoresheje urukero rwa microkeratome cyangwa laser ya femtosecond
2. Urupapuro rurazamurwa buhoro kugira ngo rugaragaze igice cyo muri korone
3. Laser ya excimer ikuraho ibice bito bya tissue kugira ngo ihindure korone yawe
4. Urupapuro rugarurwa neza kandi rukomatana mu buryo bwa kamere nta kudoda
5. Ikirahuri cyo kurengera gishobora gushyirwa hejuru y'ijisho ryawe

Uburyo bwose bufata iminota 10-15 ku jisho rimwe. Uzaba uri maso mugihe cyose cyo gukora iyi nzira ariko ushobora kumva umuvuduko muto mugihe urupapuro rukorwa.

Abantu benshi batungurwa n'uko ibintu byihuta kandi byoroshye. Uzaruhuka gato nyuma yo kubagwa mbere yo kujya murugo hamwe n'umuntu ugutwara.

Ni gute wakwitegura kubagwa kwa LASIK?

Kwitegura LASIK bitangira mu byumweru mbere y'itariki yo kubagwa kwawe. Niba wambara amadarubindi, uzakenera kureka kuyambara mu gihe runaka mbere yo gukora iyi nzira kugira ngo korone yawe isubire mu isura yayo ya kamere.

Igihe cyo kwitegura kwawe gikubiyemo:

• Reka kwambara amaso yoroshye mbere y'ibyumweru 1-2 mbere yo kubagwa
• Reka kwambara amaso akomeye cyangwa atuma umwuka winjira mbere y'ibyumweru 3-4 mbere yo kubagwa
• Irinde kwisiga amaso, amavuta, n'imibavu ku munsi wo kubagwa
• Tegura uburyo bwo kujya no kuva aho kubagirwa
• Fata imiti yose yategetswe uko byategetswe
• Fata ifunguro rito mbere yo guhura na muganga

Umuganga wawe uzagutanga amabwiriza arambuye mbere yo kubagwa ashingiye ku miterere yawe. Gukurikiza aya mabwiriza bifasha kugera ku musaruro mwiza ushoboka wo kubagwa kwawe.

Teganya gufata iminsi 1-2 yo kuruhuka ku kazi kugira ngo ukire, nubwo abantu benshi basubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe mu masaha 24.

Ni gute usoma ibisubizo byawe bya LASIK?

Ibisubizo bya LASIK bikunze gupimwa hakoreshejwe amashusho asanzwe yo kureba, aho kureba 20/20 bifatwa nkibisanzwe. Abantu benshi bageraho kureba 20/20 cyangwa neza nyuma ya LASIK, nubwo ibisubizo by'umuntu ku giti cye bitandukanye bitewe n'icyo wari ufite mbere n'uburyo ukira.

Kuzamura ijisho ryawe bibaho buhoro buhoro. Uzabona impinduka zigaragara mu masaha 24 ya mbere, ariko ibisubizo byawe byanyuma birashobora kutagera ku gihembwe cy'ibyumweru cyangwa amezi.

Ibi nibyo byitezwe mugihe cyo gukira:

• Umunsi wa 1: Ijisho rirasa neza cyane ariko rishobora kuba ritagaragara neza
• Icyumweru cya 1: Ibikorwa byinshi bya buri munsi birashobora gusubirwamo hamwe no kureba neza
• Ukwezi kwa 1: Ijisho rikomeza kuzamura no gushyirwa ku murongo
• Amezi 3-6: Ibisubizo byanyuma byo kureba bikunze kugerwaho

Umuganga wawe azategura gahunda yo guhura nawe kugira ngo akurikirane ukira ryawe kandi yemeze ko ijisho ryawe ririmo kuzamura nkuko byitezwe. Ibi biganiro ni ngombwa kugira ngo ukurikirane iterambere ryawe kandi ukemure ibibazo byose.

Ni ikihe gisubizo cyiza cya LASIK?

Ibyavuye mu kubagwa kwa LASIK byiza ni ukubona neza, amaso akaba akora neza kandi akuzuza ibyo ukeneye buri munsi utambaye amadarubindi cyangwa contact. Abantu benshi bagera ku 20/20 cyangwa neza kurushaho, nubwo ibyavuye mu kubagwa "byiza" bitandukana ku muntu ku muntu bitewe n'uko yari ameze mbere yo kubagwa n'ibyo akeneye mu buzima bwe bwa buri munsi.

Ibyavuye mu kubagwa kwa LASIK byiza bikubiyemo kureba neza ibintu biri kure, kureba neza ibintu biri hafi (bitewe n'imyaka), n'ingaruka nke nk'imirasire cyangwa urumuri. Iki gikorwa kigomba kandi gutanga uburyo bwo gukosora amaso burambye bukomeza gukora neza uko imyaka yicuma.

Uburyo bwo gukora neza bwa LASIK buri hejuru cyane, aho abantu barenga 95% bagera ku 20/40 cyangwa neza kurushaho. Abagera kuri 85-90% bagera ku 20/20 cyangwa neza kurushaho, ibyo bikaba bifatwa nk'ibintu byiza.

Ibyavuye mu kubagwa "byiza" ku giti cyawe biterwa n'ibintu nk'uko amaso yawe yari ameze mbere yo kubagwa, uko urugingo rw'ijisho rumeze, imyaka yawe, n'ubuzima bw'amaso yawe muri rusange. Muganga wawe azaganira ku byitezweho bifatika bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo byatewe na LASIK?

Nubwo LASIK muri rusange ari nziza cyane, ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo cyangwa bikagira ingaruka ku byavuye mu kubagwa kwawe. Kumva ibyo bintu byongera ibibazo bifasha gufata icyemezo gifitiye akamaro ku bijyanye n'iki gikorwa.

Ibintu bisanzwe byongera ibibazo birimo:

• Uko amaso yawe yari ameze mbere yo kubagwa cyane (kurenza -10.00 diopters ku bantu bafite amaso magufi)
• Urugano rw'ijisho ruto rushobora kutagira ibice bihagije byo gukoresha mu guhindura isura y'ijisho
• Abanyeshuri banini bashobora gutera ibibazo byo kureba nijoro
• Amaso yumye ashobora kwiyongera nyuma yo kubagwa
• Amaso adakora neza yahindutse cyane mu mwaka ushize
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe nk'indwara ziterwa n'umubiri w'umuntu

Ibintu bitavuka cyane ariko bikomeye byongera ibibazo birimo indwara z'urugingo rw'ijisho, indwara ya cataract, cyangwa ibikomere byo mu maso byabayeho mbere. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza ibyo bintu mu gihe cyo kugisha inama.

Imyaka nayo iragira uruhare. Abantu bari munsi y'imyaka 18 cyangwa barengeje 65 bashobora guhura n'ibindi bibazo, nubwo LASIK ishobora gukora neza muri iyi myaka iyo isuzumwe neza.

Ese ni byiza gukoresha LASIK cyangwa gukomeza kwambara amadarubindi?

Niba LASIK ari nziza kuruta amadarubindi biterwa rwose n'imibereho yawe bwite, ibyo ukunda, n'ubuzima bw'amaso yawe. Zombi zishobora gutanga uburyo bwo gukosora neza, ariko zitanga inyungu zitandukanye n'ibitekerezo.

LASIK irashobora kuba nziza niba ushaka kwisanzura ku madarubindi mugihe ukora siporo, koga, cyangwa izindi ngendo. Irashobora kandi korohereza abantu bakunda kugenda cyane cyangwa bakora ahantu amadarubindi adakoreshwa.

Amadarubindi ashobora kuba meza niba ufite imitsi yoroheje, imiti myinshi cyane, cyangwa ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by'amaso bituma LASIK idakwiriye. Amadarubindi kandi ntabwo agira ingaruka zo kubagwa kandi arashobora kuvugururwa byoroshye niba imiti yawe ihindutse.

Ibitekerezo by'imari nabyo biragira uruhare. Mugihe LASIK ifite ibiciro byambere, amadarubindi asaba amafaranga akomeza yo gusimbuza no kuvugurura imiti uko igihe kigenda.

Uburyo bwiza ni bumwe bujyana n'imibereho yawe, ingengo y'imari, n'ubuzima bwawe. Muganga w'amaso yawe ashobora kugufasha gupima ibi bintu bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora kubaho ziterwa no kubagwa kwa LASIK?

Ingaruka za LASIK ni gake, ariko ni ngombwa kumva ibyago bishobora kubaho mbere yo gufata icyemezo cyawe. Ingaruka nyinshi ni nto kandi z'agateganyo, zikemuka muminsi cyangwa amezi nyuma yo kubagwa.

Ingaruka zisanzwe z'agateganyo zirimo:

• Amaso yumye ashobora kumara amezi menshi
• Halos cyangwa urumuri ruzenguruka amatara, cyane cyane nijoro
• Umutuzo muke cyangwa kumva uruma muminsi 1-2
• Guhererekanya kw'uburebure bw'igihe gito mugihe cyo gukira
• Kugira ubushishozi bw'umucyo muminsi mike ya mbere

Ibyago bikomeye ariko bidasanzwe birimo indwara, ibibazo byo gukora, cyangwa gukosora cyane cyangwa gukosora bike bisaba kubagwa. Ibi bibaho mu buryo butarenze 1% by'ibihe.

Ibyago bidasanzwe cyane bishobora kuba birimo gutakaza amaso burundu, nubwo ibi bidakunze kubaho cyane hamwe na tekinike ya LASIK ya none. Astigmatism idasanzwe cyangwa amaso yumye ya kronike nayo ashobora kubaho ariko arashobora gucungwa neza hamwe n'imiti ikwiye.

Umuganga wawe azaganira ku ngaruka zikwerekeyeho kandi asobanure uburyo bagabanya ibibazo binyuze mu guhitamo abarwayi neza no gukoresha tekinike yo kubaga.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga kugirango ngire inama ya LASIK?

Ukwiye guteganya inama ya LASIK niba warambiwe kwishingikiriza ku birahuri cyangwa amaso kandi ushaka gushakisha uburyo bwo gukosora amaso. Igihe cyiza ni igihe umuti wawe umaze byibuze umwaka umwe utahinduka.

Tekereza inama niba ufite:

• Kugirira ishyari ibirahuri mugihe ukora siporo cyangwa ibikorwa byumubiri
• Kutoroherwa n'amaso cyangwa indwara zikunze kubaho
• Ibisabwa by'umwuga bituma ibirahuri bidashoboka
• Ukwifuza korohereza mugihe cyo gutembera cyangwa ibikorwa bya buri munsi
• Ibibazo byo kwigirira icyizere bijyanye no kwambara ibirahuri

Ukwiye kandi kujya inama n'umuganga w'amaso niba ufite ibibazo bijyanye na tekinike nshya ya LASIK cyangwa ushaka gusobanukirwa niba iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ryaguteye kuba umukandida mwiza kurusha mbere.

Ariko, shakisha ubufasha bwihuse bw'ubuvuzi niba ufite ububabare bukomeye bw'amaso, impinduka z'amaso zitunguranye, cyangwa ibimenyetso by'indwara nyuma yo kubagwa amaso. Ibi bimenyetso bisaba isuzuma ryihuse ry'umwuga.

Ibikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye no kubagwa amaso kwa LASIK

Q1: Ese kubagwa kwa LASIK ni byiza kuri astigmatism?

Yego, LASIK irashobora kuvura neza astigmatism hamwe no kuba hafi no kureba kure. Laser ikosora neza imiterere idasanzwe ya korone itera astigmatism, akenshi itanga ibisubizo byiza.

Abantu benshi bafite astigmatism idakabije cyangwa ikabije ni abakandida beza ba LASIK. Abafite astigmatism ikomeye baracyashobora kungukirwa na LASIK, nubwo inzira zindi zishobora gukoreshwa mu bihe bimwe.

Q2: Ese kubagwa kwa LASIK bitera amaso yumye burundu?

LASIK irashobora gutera amaso yumye by'agateganyo bikunda gukira mu mezi 3-6 nyuma yo kubagwa. Nubwo abantu bamwe bagira amaso yumye igihe kirekire, amaso yumye cyane burundu ntibikunze kubaho.

Abantu bafite amaso yumye mbere yo kubagwa bashobora kugira ibyago byinshi byo kugira amaso yumye nyuma yaho. Umuganga wawe ashobora gusuzuma uko amarira yawe akorwa hanyuma agasaba imiti yo gukemura iki kibazo.

Q3: Ese kubagwa kwa LASIK birashobora gusubirwamo niba icyerekezo gihindutse?

Yego, inzira zo kongera kubaga za LASIK zishobora gukorwa kenshi niba icyerekezo cyawe gihindutse cyangwa niba ukeneye gukosorwa. Abantu bagera kuri 10-15% bashobora kungukirwa n'inzira ya kabiri.

Kongera gukosora bikunze gushoboka niba ufite ubucucike buhagije bwa korune kandi amaso yawe akaba afite ubuzima bwiza. Umuganga wawe azasuzuma niba uri umukandida mwiza wo kuvurwa.

Q4: Ese ibisubizo bya LASIK bimara igihe kingana iki?

Ibisubizo bya LASIK muri rusange birambye ku bibazo by'icyerekezo bikosora. Ariko, impinduka zisanzwe zijyanye n'imyaka nk'ubugororangingo (gugorana gusoma hafi) zizakomeza kubaho nyuma y'imyaka 40.

Abantu benshi bagumana icyerekezo cyabo cyiza cyo mu ntera ndende nyuma ya LASIK. Bamwe bashobora gukenera amadarubindi yo gusoma uko basaza, ariko ibi biterwa n'impinduka zisanzwe z'urugingo, atari ukunanirwa kwa LASIK.

Q5: Ese kubagwa kwa LASIK birababaza?

Kubagwa kwa LASIK ubwabyo ntibibabaza kuko amavuta yo mu maso atuma amaso atagira ubushyuhe akuraho kumva mu gihe cyo kubagwa. Ushobora kumva umuvuduko muto iyo urugingo rwa korune rukozwe, ariko nta bubabare bukomeye.

Nyuma yo kubagwa, abantu benshi bagira ibibazo bito bisa no kugira uruhu mu jisho ryawe. Ibi bikunda gukira mu masaha 24-48 kandi bishobora gukemurwa n'amatonyi yo mu maso yanditswe na muganga n'imiti igurishwa itagomba kwandikwa na muganga.