Ni iki gikorwa cyo kuvugurura umutsi wa mitral nawo wo kuwusimbuza? Intego, uburyo bwo gukora & Ibivamo

Kuvugurura umutsi wa mitral no kuwusimbuza ni uburyo bwo kubaga umutima bukosora ibibazo byo ku mutsi wawe wa mitral, umwe mu mitsi ine igenzura uko amaraso atembera mu mutima wawe. Tekereza umutsi wawe wa mitral nk'umuryango uri hagati y'ibyumba bibiri mu mutima wawe - ufunguka kugira ngo amaraso atemberere ava muri atrium yawe y'ibumoso ajye muri ventricle yawe y'ibumoso, hanyuma ugafunga kugira ngo wirinde ko amaraso asubira inyuma.

Iyo uyu mutsi udakora neza, umutima wawe ugomba gukora cyane kugira ngo utere amaraso neza. Ubu buryo bwo kubaga bushobora gusubiza uko amaraso atembera neza kandi bugafasha umutima wawe gukora neza, akenshi bigateza imbere cyane imibereho yawe.

Ni iki gikorwa cyo kuvugurura umutsi wa mitral no kuwusimbuza?

Kuvugurura umutsi wa mitral bisobanura ko umuganga ubaga akosora umutsi wawe usanzwe kugira ngo ufashwe gukora neza. Ibi bishobora gukubiyemo gukaza imirimo y'umutsi idafashe, gukuraho ibice by'inyongera, cyangwa kongeramo ibikorwa bifasha kugira ngo umutsi ufunge neza.

Kusimbuza umutsi wa mitral bikubiyemo gukuraho burundu umutsi wawe wangiritse no gushyiraho mushya. Uyu mutsi mushya ushobora kuba wa mashini (ukozwe mu bintu biramba nk'icyuma) cyangwa wa biyoloji (ukozwe mu nyamaswa cyangwa mu gice cy'umuntu).

Umuganga ubaga akenshi azagerageza kuvugurura mbere na mbere igihe bishoboka, kuko gukomeza umutsi wawe w'umwimerere akenshi bituma haboneka ibisubizo byiza mu gihe kirekire. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe kwangirika biba byinshi cyane, kandi gusimbuza biba ari uburyo bwiza ku buzima bwawe.

Kuki gikorwa cyo kuvugurura umutsi wa mitral no kuwusimbuza bikorwa?

Ubu buryo buvura indwara y'umutsi wa mitral, ibaho iyo umutsi wawe utafunguka bihagije cyangwa ntufunge rwose. Ibi bihatira umutima wawe gukora cyane kandi bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye uko igihe kigenda.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba kubagwa niba ufite mitral stenosis, aho umwanya w'umuvure uba muto cyane ukabuza amaraso gutembera neza. Iyi ndwara akenshi iterwa buhoro buhoro kandi ishobora gutuma wumva unaniwe, ufite umwuka muke, cyangwa ukagira ububabare mu gituza mu gihe ukora imirimo yawe ya buri munsi.

Mitral regurgitation ni indi mpamvu isanzwe yo kubagwa, aho umuvure udakora neza amaraso akava inyuma. Ibi bishobora kubaho ako kanya bitewe n'indwara cyangwa imvune, cyangwa bikagenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro mu myaka myinshi bitewe no gusaza.

Abantu bamwe bakeneye kubagwa kubera ibibazo by'umuvure wa mitral bavukanye. Abandi bagira ibibazo by'umuvure nyuma y'umuriro wa rheumatique, guturika kw'umutima, cyangwa indwara zangiza imitsi y'umuvure.

Ni iki gikorerwa gusana no gusimbuza umuvure wa mitral?

Kubagwa kwawe bizabera mu cyumba cyo kubagiramo abantu bari munsi ya anesthesia rusange, bityo uzaba uryamye rwose mu gihe cyose cyo kubagwa. Kubagwa kwinshi bifata hagati y'amasaha 2 na 4, bitewe n'uburyo ikibazo cyawe giteye.

Umuvuzi ushinzwe kubaga ashobora kugera ku mutima wawe akoresheje uburyo butandukanye. Uburyo bwa gakondo bukubiyemo gukora icyuho hagati mu gituza cyawe no gufungura igufwa ryawe kugira ngo ugere ku mutima wawe mu buryo butaziguye.

Uburyo butagira ingaruka nyinshi bukoresha ibyuho bito, akenshi hagati y'imbaraga zawe ku ruhande rw'iburyo rw'igituza cyawe. Ubu buryo akenshi busobanura ububabare buke no gukira vuba, nubwo atari buri wese ukwiriye ubu buhanga.

Mugihe cyo kubagwa, uzahuzwa na mashini ikora nk'umutima n'ibihaha ikora by'agateganyo umurimo wo gutera amaraso. Ibi bituma umuganga ushinzwe kubaga akora ku mutima wawe utagira icyo ukora neza kandi mu buryo bwizewe.

Kubijyanye n'uburyo bwo gusana, umuganga ushinzwe kubaga ashobora guhindura imiterere y'amababi y'umuvure, akavana imitsi y'ikirenga, cyangwa agashyira impeta ikikije umuvure kugira ngo ifashe gufunga neza. Gusimbuza bikubiyemo gukuraho neza umuvure wangiritse no kudoda mushya mu mwanya wawo.

Ni gute wakwitegura kubagwa umuvure wawe wa mitral?

Kitegura kwawe gitangira no gukora ibizamini byinshi kugirango wemeze ko witeguye kubagwa. Ibi mubisanzwe bikubiyemo ibizamini by'amaraso, X-ray y'igituza, n'amashusho y'umutima arambuye kugirango bifashe ikipe yawe ibaga gukora gahunda nziza.

Uzahura n'ikipe yawe ibaga mbere y'igihe kugirango muganire ku buryo bwo kubaga, ubaze ibibazo, kandi usobanukirwe icyo witegura. Ibi kandi ni bwo uzamenya ibijyanye na anesiteziya n'amabwiriza yihariye kubijyanye n'urubanza rwawe.

Muganga wawe azasuzuma imiti yose urimo gufata, kuko hari imiti imwe ishobora gukenerwa guhagarikwa cyangwa guhindurwa mbere yo kubagwa. Imiti igabanya amaraso, by'umwihariko, akenshi ikenera igihe cyiza kugirango ihuzanishe ibyago byo kuva amaraso no gukumira amaraso.

Kitegura umubiri mubisanzwe bikubiyemo guhagarika kurya no kunywa nyuma ya saa sita z'ijoro mbere yo kubagwa. Uzahita kandi ukaraba isabune yihariye irwanya mikorobe kugirango ugabanye ibyago byo kwandura.

Kitegura mu byiyumvo ni ingenzi cyane. Abantu benshi babona ko bifasha gutegura ubufasha bw'umuryango, gutegura urugo rwabo kugirango bakire, no kuganira ku mpungenge zose n'ikipe yabo y'ubuvuzi.

Ni gute usoma ibisubizo byo kubagwa umutima wawe wa mitral?

Intsinzi yawe yo kubagwa ipimwa n'uburyo umutima wawe ukora neza nyuma y'uburyo no kungana kw'ibimenyetso byawe bigenda neza. Muganga wawe azakoresha ibizamini byinshi kugirango asuzume ibisubizo byawe uko igihe kigenda.

Echocardiograms yerekana uburyo valve yawe nshya cyangwa yasubiwemo ikora neza mugupima urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso no kugenzura niba hari ibivamo. Ibi bizamini bizakorwa buri gihe nyuma yo kubagwa kugirango ukurikirane iterambere ryawe.

Ibimenyetso byawe bitanga amakuru y'ingenzi yerekeye intsinzi yo kubagwa. Abantu benshi babona imbaraga zateye imbere, guhumeka byoroshye, n'ubushobozi bwo gukora imyitozo neza mu byumweru cyangwa amezi nyuma yo kubagwa.

Ibizamini by'amaraso bifasha gukurikirana ubuzima bw'umutima wawe muri rusange kandi, niba ufite valve ya mekaniki, wemeze ko imiti yawe igabanya amaraso ikora neza. Muganga wawe azakurikiza urwego rwawe neza kugirango wirinde ingorane.

Ibizamini byo kwihanganira imyitozo bishobora gukorwa nyuma y'amezi menshi nyuma yo kubagwa kugira ngo barebe uko umutima wawe ukora neza iyo umubiri wiyongereyeho imirimo. Ibi bifasha kuyobora gusubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe no gukora imyitozo.

Ni gute wakwihutisha imikurire yawe nyuma yo kubagwa umutima wa mitral?

Imikurire yawe ibera mu byiciro, bitangira no gukurikiranwa hafi muri unit yita ku barwayi barembye mu minsi ibiri ya mbere nyuma yo kubagwa. Muri iki gihe, itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rikurikirana imikorere y'umutima wawe kandi rikita ku byo ukeneye nyuma yo kubagwa.

Programu zo kuvugurura umutima zishobora kunoza cyane imikurire yawe n'ibisubizo by'igihe kirekire. Izi porogaramu ziyoborwa zigufasha kubaka imbaraga n'ubushobozi buhoro buhoro mugihe wigira imico y'ubuzima ifitiye umutima akamaro.

Gukurikiza gahunda yawe y'imiti neza nk'uko yategetswe ni ngombwa kugira ngo ugere ku ntsinzi. Niba ufite valve ya mekaniki, imiti ituma amaraso ataguma mu mubiri iba ngombwa mu buzima bwose kugira ngo wirinde amaraso akomeye ateje akaga.

Kugenda ukora ibikorwa buhoro buhoro bifasha umubiri wawe gukira neza mugihe wongera imbaraga. Muganga wawe azatanga amabwiriza yihariye yerekeye kubuza kuzamura ibintu biremereye, gutwara imodoka, no gusubira mu kazi bitewe n'imikurire yawe bwite.

Inama zisanzwe zo gukurikirana zituma itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rishobora gukurikirana iterambere ryawe no gufata ibibazo byose bishoboka hakiri kare. Ubusanzwe izi ngendo zigenda zigabanuka uko imikurire yawe igenda itera imbere.

Ni iki gisubizo cyiza cyo kubagwa umutima wa mitral?

Igisubizo cyiza gihuza imikorere myiza ya valve no kunoza cyane imibereho yawe. Abantu benshi bahura n'uburyo bukomeye bwo koroherwa n'ibimenyetso nk'umwuka mubi, umunaniro, n'ububabare mu gituza.

Gusana cyangwa gusimbuza neza bigomba gusubiza imikorere isanzwe y'amaraso mu mutima wawe, bigatuma utera neza. Ibi akenshi bivuze ko ushobora gusubira mu bikorwa ushobora kuba waragombaga kugabanya mbere yo kubagwa.

Kugera ku ntsinzi irambye biterwa n'ibintu bitandukanye, harimo ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, ubwoko bw'ubuvuzi wakoresheje, n'uburyo ukurikiza gahunda yawe yo kwitabwaho nyuma yo kubagwa. Imitsi yakozwe isanzwe imara imyaka 15-20 cyangwa irenga.

Imitsi isimbura imitsi ikoresha imashini irashobora kumara imyaka myinshi ariko bisaba imiti igabanya amaraso ubuzima bwose. Imitsi ikoresha ibinyabuzima bishobora gusimburwa nyuma y'imyaka 10-20 ariko akenshi ntisaba imiti igabanya amaraso igihe kirekire.

Ibyiza bibaho iyo abantu bagumana imibereho myiza y'umutima, bafata imiti nk'uko byategetswe, kandi bakurikiza ibizamini bya muganga bisanzwe mu buzima bwabo bwose.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo byo kubagwa umutima?

Imyaka n'ubuzima muri rusange bigira uruhare runini mu byago byo kubagwa, abarwayi bakuze n'abafite indwara nyinshi bahura n'amahirwe menshi yo kugira ibibazo. Ariko, kubagwa neza birashoboka cyane mu byiciro byose by'imyaka.

Indwara z'umutima zisanzweho nk'umutima udakora neza cyane, gutera kw'umutima kwabanje, cyangwa izindi ngorane z'imitsi zirashobora kongera urugero rwo kubagwa. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga risuzuma neza ibi bintu mugihe cyo gutegura uburyo bwo kubagwa.

Indwara z'ibihaha, ibibazo by'impyiko, cyangwa diyabete birashobora kugira uruhare mu gukira no koroherwa. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizagenzura neza imicungire y'izi ndwara mbere yo kubagwa kugirango bagabanye ibyago.

Kubagwa byihutirwa akenshi bifite ibyago byinshi kuruta uburyo bwatanzwe. Ibi nibyo bituma abaganga bakunze gushishikariza kubagwa mbere yuko ibimenyetso bikara, mugihe uri mu buzima bwiza muri rusange.

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe by'umubiri, nk'ubuvuzi bwabanje bw'igituza cyangwa imiterere idasanzwe y'umutima, birashobora gutuma uburyo buba bugoye. Amashusho yateye imbere afasha abaganga gutegura ibi bihe.

Ni byiza gukora imitsi y'umutima cyangwa kuyisimbuza?

Gukora imitsi akenshi birahinduka mugihe bishoboka kuko bibungabunga umutsi wawe w'umwimerere kandi akenshi bitanga ibisubizo byiza igihe kirekire. Imitsi yakozwe akenshi imara igihe kirekire kandi igakomeza imikorere myiza y'umutima uko igihe kigenda.

Umutekano wa muganga wawe ushingiye ku rugero rwo kwangirika kw'umutima wawe n'amahirwe yo gukora neza. Ibyo bintu bimwe na bimwe, nk'ubwanditsi bukomeye cyangwa kwangirika kwinshi kw'imitsi, bituma gusimbuza ari uburyo bwiza.

Uburyo bwo gukora imirimo akenshi bufite ibyago byo kubagwa byihuse kandi bushobora gusaba imiti igabanya amaraso nyuma. Ibi bishobora kuvuga ibibazo bike bijyanye n'imiti mu gihe kirekire.

Ariko, gusimbuza bishobora kuba ngombwa niba umutima wawe wangiritse cyane cyangwa niba imbaraga zo gukora mbere zatsinzwe. Imitsi isimbura ya none itanga ibisubizo byiza iyo gukora bidashoboka.

Umuhanga wawe azaganira ku buryo bwiza bw'ikibazo cyawe gishingiye ku miterere y'umutima wawe, imyaka, imibereho, n'ubuzima muri rusange. Intego ni ukugena buri gihe uburyo buguha ibisubizo byiza by'igihe kirekire.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa no kubagwa umutima?

Kimwe n'ibikorwa byose bikomeye byo kubagwa, uburyo bwo kubagwa umutima butera ibyago bimwe, nubwo ibibazo bikomeye bidakunze kubaho hamwe n'amakipe y'abaganga b'inararibonye. Kumva ibi bishoboka bifasha gufata ibyemezo bifite ishingiro no kumenya ibimenyetso byo kuburira.

Gusohoka amaraso mugihe cyangwa nyuma yo kubagwa birashobora kubaho, rimwe na rimwe bisaba gutanga amaraso cyangwa uburyo bwongereweho bwo kugenzura. Ikipe yawe y'abaganga ikurikirana ibi cyane kandi ifite uburyo bwo gukoresha neza amaraso.

Infesiyo igaragaza ikindi kibazo gishobora kubaho, kuva ku nfesiyo nto zo gukomeretsa kugeza ku bibazo bikomeye byibasira umutima cyangwa amaraso. Antibiyotike zirinda n'uburyo bwo gukoresha neza bigabanya cyane ibi byago.

Umutima cyangwa izindi ngaruka z'imitsi zirashobora kubaho bitewe n'amaraso cyangwa impinduka mu mikorere y'amaraso mugihe cyo kubagwa. Ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi ikoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo kugabanya ibi byago muri iki gikorwa.

Ibibazo by'umutima rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuvuka nyuma yo kubagwa, nubwo akenshi bikira umutima wawe ukira. Abantu bamwe bashobora gukenera ibikoresho by'agateganyo cyangwa bihoraho byo kugenzura imikorere y'umutima.

Ibikomere bidasanzwe ariko bikomeye birimo kwangiza ibice by'umutima bikikije, kuvuza kwa valve, cyangwa gukenera kubagwa. Uburambe bw'ikipe yawe yo kubaga no gutegura neza bifasha kugabanya izi ngaruka.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga ku bijyanye no gukira nyuma yo kubagwa valve ya mitral?

Vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya niba wumva ububabare mu gituza butandukanye n'ubwo wari witeze nyuma yo kubagwa, cyane cyane niba bukomeye cyangwa buherekejwe no guhumeka bigoranye. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kwerekana ibibazo bikeneye kwitabwaho byihutirwa.

Ibimenyetso byo kwandura hafi y'aho wabagiwe bisaba isuzuma ryihuse ry'ubuvuzi. Reba niba umubiri utukura cyane, ushyushye, wabyimbye, cyangwa hari amazi ava mu bikomere, cyane cyane niba biherekejwe n'umuriro.

Kugira guhumeka bigoranye mu buryo butunguranye, cyane cyane iyo uryamye hasi, cyangwa kubyimba amaguru n'ibirenge bishobora kwerekana ibibazo by'imikorere y'umutima cyangwa kubika amazi. Ibi bimenyetso bisaba kwitabwaho byihutirwa kwa muganga.

Niba ufite valve ya mekaniki, kuva amaraso mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa ibimenyetso by'amaraso yiziritse bikeneye isuzuma ryihutirwa. Ibi birimo kubabara umutwe cyane, guhinduka kw'ibyo ubona, cyangwa gukomeretsa mu buryo butari busanzwe.

Ntugashidikanye guhamagara ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi ku bijyanye n'ikibazo icyo aricyo cyose mu gihe cyo gukira. Bategereje ibibazo kandi barashaka kumenya niba gukira kwawe kugenda neza.

Ibikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye no kubagwa valve ya mitral

Q.1 Ese kubagwa valve ya mitral bifitiye akamaro guhagarara k'umutima?

Yego, kubagwa valve ya mitral bishobora kunoza cyane ibimenyetso byo guhagarara k'umutima iyo ikibazo cya valve kigira uruhare mu burwayi bwawe. Gukemura valve ivuza cyangwa ifunze akenshi bituma umutima wawe utera neza kandi bishobora kunoza cyane imibereho yawe.

Igihe cyo kubaga ni ingenzi cyane ku barwayi bafite umutima udakora neza. Kubaga hakiri kare, mbere y'uko imitsi y'umutima wawe irwara cyane, akenshi bituma ibintu bigenda neza kandi umutima wawe ugasubirana imikorere yawo neza.

Q.2 Ese kubaga umutsi wa mitral bitera umutima gutera nabi?

Abantu bamwe bagira umutima utera nabi nyuma yo kubagwa umutsi wa mitral, nubwo ibi akenshi bikira uko umutima wawe ukira. Ikibazo gikunze kubaho cyane ni atrial fibrillation, rimwe na rimwe ishobora kuvurwa hakoreshejwe imiti cyangwa izindi nzira.

Itsinda ry'abaganga bakubaga bakurikirana umutima wawe nyuma yo kubagwa kandi bashobora kuvura ibibazo byose by'umutima bitera. Ibibazo byinshi by'umutima ni iby'igihe gito kandi bikemuka mu byumweru cyangwa amezi nyuma yo kubagwa.

Q.3 Kubaga umutsi wa mitral bifata igihe kingana iki?

Kubaga ubwabyo akenshi bifata amasaha 2 kugeza kuri 4, bitewe n'uburyo ikibazo cyawe kigoye kandi niba uri gukorwa isanwa cyangwa gusimburwa. Uburyo bwo kubaga butagira ingaruka nyinshi bushobora gufata igihe gito kirekire bitewe n'ubushishozi bisaba.

Igihe cyawe cyose mu cyumba cyo kubagiramo kizaba kirekire, kuko ibi birimo igihe cyo kwitegura, anesthesia, no gukurikirana nyuma yo kubagwa mbere yo kwimurirwa mu buzima busanzwe.

Q.4 Nshobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri nyuma yo kubagwa umutsi wa mitral?

Abantu benshi bashobora gusubira mu myitozo ngororamubiri isanzwe nyuma yo gukira neza kubagwa umutsi wa mitral, akenshi bafite ubushobozi bwo gukora imyitozo kurusha mbere yo kubagwa. Muganga wawe azatanga amabwiriza yihariye ashingiye ku gukira kwawe wenyine n'ubwoko bw'inzira wakoresheje.

Programu zo kuvura indwara z'umutima zigufasha kongera ubushobozi bwawe bwo gukora imyitozo kandi ukamenya urwego rukwiye rw'ibikorwa. Abantu benshi basanga bashobora gukora imyitozo cyane kurusha uko bashoboraga mbere yo kubagwa.

Q.5 Nzakeneye imiti ituma amaraso atiyongera nyuma yo kubagwa umutsi wa mitral?

Niba wakira valve ya mekaniki, uzakenera imiti igabanya amaraso ubuzima bwawe bwose kugira ngo wirinde ibibumbe by'amaraso byangiza. Iyi miti isaba gukurikiranwa buri gihe kugira ngo imibare ikoreshwa ibe ikwiriye.

Abakira valve ya tissue mubisanzwe bakenera imiti igabanya amaraso mu mezi make nyuma yo kubagwa, keretse niba ufite izindi ndwara nka atrial fibrillation zisaba gukomeza gukoresha imiti igabanya amaraso. Muganga wawe azagena igihe gikwiriye gishingiye ku miterere yawe yihariye.