Ni iki Polysomnography? Intego, Uburyo & Ibisubizo

Polysomnography ni isuzuma ryimbitse ryo gusinzira rikoresha ibikoresho byinshi bikurikirana imikorere y'ubwonko bwawe, guhumeka, n'imitsi yawe igihe uryamye. Bitekereze nk'inyandiko irambuye y'ijoro ifasha abaganga gusobanukirwa ibiri kuba mu mubiri wawe igihe uryamye. Iri suzuma ritagira ububabare ribera mu laboratori yoroheje, isa n'ihoteli aho abahanga babihuguriwe bakurikirana imikorere yawe ijoro ryose.

Polysomnography ni iki?

Polysomnography ni isuzuma ryiza rikoreshwa mu kumenya indwara zo gusinzira. Muri iri suzuma ry'ijoro, ibikoresho byinshi byoroheje bishyirwa ku mubiri wawe kugira ngo byandike ibimenyetso bitandukanye bya biyologiya igihe uryamye mu buryo busanzwe. Iri suzuma rikoresha ibikoresho byinshi kuva ku bikorwa by'ubwonko bwawe n'imitsi y'amaso kugeza ku mutima wawe n'imitsi yawe.

Ijambo

Umuvuzi wawe ashobora no gutegeka iki kizamini niba ushinwa cyane, guhumeka cyane mu gihe uryamye, cyangwa niba uwo mwashakanye akubona uhagarika guhumeka nijoro. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kwerekana indwara zikomeye zo gusinzira zigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe muri rusange.

Ni iki gikorerwa polysomnography?

Icyegeranyo cyo gusinzira gitangira nimugoroba kare iyo ugera mu kigo cyo gusinzira. Uzasobanurirwa icyumba cyawe cyihariye, gisa nicyumba cyiza cya hoteli gifite igitanda gisanzwe, televiziyo, n'ubwiherero. Umu teknisiye azasobanura inzira yose kandi asubize ibibazo byose ushobora kugira.

Nyuma, umu teknisiye azashyira ibyuma bitandukanye ku mubiri wawe akoresheje imiti ikoreshwa mu buvuzi yoroshye ku ruhu rwawe. Ibi byuma bizagenzura ibice bitandukanye byo gusinzira kwawe mu ijoro ryose. Uburyo bwo kubishyiraho bufata iminota 30 kugeza kuri 45, kandi nubwo bishobora kumva bidasanzwe mbere, abantu benshi bahita babyumva vuba.

Ibi nibyo bigenzurwa mugihe cyo kwiga gusinzira:

• Ubwoko bw'ubwonko binyuze mu byuma bishyirwa ku mutwe wawe
• Uko amaso akora hamwe n'ibyuma hafi y'amaso yawe
• Ibikorwa by'imitsi ukoresheje ibyuma ku gakanu kawe no ku maguru yawe
• Umutima ukoresheje ibyuma byo mu gituza
• Uburyo bwo guhumeka hamwe n'imikandara izenguruka igituza cyawe n'inda
• Urugero rwa oxygen ukoresheje icyuma gito ku rutoki rwawe
• Umuvuduko w'umwuka unyuze mu byuma hafi y'amazuru yawe n'umunwa

Iyo ibyuma byose bimaze gushyirwaho, urashobora kuruhuka, kureba televiziyo, cyangwa gusoma kugeza igihe cyo kuryama. Umu teknisiye agukorera igenzura avuye mu cyumba gitandukanye mu ijoro ryose, bityo uzagira ubuzima bwite mugihe ugikorwaho igenzura ritunganye.

Mu gitondo, umu teknisiye azakuraho ibyuma byose kandi uzaba ufite uburenganzira bwo gutaha. Uburambe bwose busanzwe bumara kuva nka saa mbiri z'ijoro kugeza saa kumi n'ebyiri za mu gitondo, nubwo ibihe nyabyo bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'igihe cyo gusinzira kwawe n'amabwiriza ya laboratori.

Ni gute wakwitegura polysomnography yawe?

Kitegura kwitegura icyegeranyo cy'ibitotsi byawe biroroshye, ariko gukurikiza intambwe nke zoroheje birashobora gufasha kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo byiza. Intego yawe ni ukugera muri laboratwari witeguye gusinzira uko bisanzwe bishoboka. Ibigo byinshi by'ibitotsi bizaguha amabwiriza arambuye igihe uteganya gahunda yawe.

Ku munsi wo gukora icyegeranyo cyawe, gerageza gukomeza gahunda yawe isanzwe uko bishoboka. Irinde gusinzira ku manywa, kuko ibi bishobora gutuma bigorana gusinzira nijoro ahantu hatamenyerewe. Niba usanzwe ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, imyitozo yoroheje irabyemewe, ariko irinda imyitozo ikomeye hafi y'igihe cyo kuryama.

Dore zimwe mu ntambwe z'ingenzi zo kwitegura ugomba gukurikiza:

• Komesha umusatsi wawe ukoresheje shampoo isanzwe kandi wirinde gukoresha conditioner, amavuta, cyangwa ibicuruzwa byo gutunganya umusatsi
• Kura polish ku kinyara kimwe nibura kugira ngo ukoreshe icyuma gipima umwuka wa oxygen
• Zana pyjama cyangwa imyenda yo kuryama yoroshye
• Paka imiti yawe isanzwe uyifate nkuko yategetswe
• Irinda caffeine nyuma ya saa saba z'amanywa ku munsi wo gukora icyegeranyo cyawe
• Ntunywe inzoga ku munsi wo gukora igeragezwa ryawe
• Zana ibintu byose bigufasha gusinzira, nk'urora ukunda cyangwa igitabo

Menyesha muganga wawe imiti yose ufata, harimo n'imiti ifasha gusinzira itangwa nta tegeko rya muganga. Imiti imwe irashobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo uryama n'ibisubizo by'igeragezwa. Umuganga wawe azakugira inama niba ugomba gukomeza cyangwa guhagarika by'agateganyo imiti iyo ari yo yose mbere yo gukora icyegeranyo.

Ni gute usoma ibisubizo byawe bya polysomnography?

Ibisubizo byawe by'icyegeranyo cy'ibitotsi biza mu ishusho y'itangazo rirambuye umuganga wawe azaganira nawe. Iri tangazo rikubiyemo ingero z'inzego zo gusinzira kwawe, uburyo bwo guhumeka, n'imbogamizi zose zabayeho nijoro. Kumva ibi bisubizo bifasha muganga wawe kumenya niba ufite uburwayi bw'ibitotsi n'uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora gufasha.

Kimwe mu bipimo by'ingenzi ni Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), ibara uburyo bwo guhumeka buhagarara cyangwa bugacogora mu isaha. AHI iri munsi ya 5 ifatwa nk'isanzwe, naho 5-15 yerekana apnea yo mu rugero ruto, 15-30 ni yo yo hagati, naho hejuru ya 30 ni apnea ikomeye.

Raporo kandi yerekana igihe wamaze muri buri cyiciro cyo gusinzira. Gusinzira bisanzwe birimo gusinzira gucye, gusinzira cyane, na REM (imyanya y'amaso yihuta) gusinzira. Muganga wawe azareba niba ubona bihagije muri buri cyiciro kandi niba hari uburyo budasanzwe cyangwa imbogamizi.

Ibindi bipimo by'ingenzi birimo urwego rwa ogisijeni yawe mu ijoro ryose, imyanya y'amaguru, n'imihindagurikire y'umutima. Muganga wawe azasobanura icyo buri kintu kivuga ku buzima bwawe kandi aganire ku buryo bwo kuvura niba hari ibibazo byagaragaye.

Ni gute watezimbere imikorere yo gusinzira nyuma ya polysomnography?

Niba ubushakashatsi bwawe bwo gusinzira bwerekana ibisubizo bisanzwe, urashobora kwibanda ku bikorwa bisanzwe by'isuku yo gusinzira kugirango ugumane imikorere myiza yo gusinzira. Rimwe na rimwe abantu bagira ibibazo byo gusinzira kabone niyo ubushakashatsi bwabo bwo mu ijoro bugaragara nk'ibisanzwe. Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukomeza igitabo cyo gusinzira cyangwa kugerageza imyitwarire itandukanye yo gusinzira kugirango urebe icyo gifasha.

Kubantu basanzwe bafite apnea yo gusinzira, CPAP (gukoresha umuvuduko w'umwuka uhamye) akenshi ni uburyo bwo kuvura bufite akamaro kanini. Ibi bikubiyemo kwambara agapfukamunwa gafitanye isano n'imashini itanga umuvuduko w'umwuka woroshye kugirango ifungure inzira zawe z'umwuka. Nubwo bifata igihe kugirango umenyere, abantu benshi bumva barushijeho kuba beza iyo bamenyereye uburyo bwa CPAP.

Dore ingamba zimwe zisanzwe zishobora guteza imbere imikorere yo gusinzira kubantu benshi:

• Guma ku gahunda yo gusinzira ihoraho, kabone n'ubwo waba uri mu mpera z'icyumweru
• Shyiraho gahunda yo kuruhuka mbere yo kuryama
• Guma icyumba cyawe gikonje, giciriritse, kandi gituje
• Irinde gukoresha ecran byibuze isaha mbere yo kuryama
• Gabanya ikawa na alukolo, cyane cyane nimugoroba
• Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe, ariko ntukore hafi cyane yo kuryama
• Tekereza ku buryo bwo kuruhuka nk'ubuhumekero bwo mu nda cyangwa gutekereza

Umuvuzi wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo ategure gahunda yo kuvura yihariye ishingiye ku ngaruka zawe zihariye. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo impinduka mu mibereho, ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, imiti, cyangwa kohereza abahanga bashobora gutanga ubufasha bwiyongera.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo gukenera polysomnography?

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bituma ugira amahirwe yo kurwara indwara zo gusinzira zisaba isuzuma hamwe n'ubushakashatsi bwo gusinzira. Imyaka ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi, kuko sleep apnea igenda yiyongera uko tugenda dusaza. Kuba ufite umubyibuho ukabije nabyo byongera ibyago byawe, kuko inyama zinyongera zizenguruka mu ijosi zishobora guhagarika inzira z'umwuka mugihe cyo gusinzira.

Amateka y'umuryango nayo aragira uruhare. Niba ababyeyi bawe cyangwa abavandimwe bawe barwaye sleep apnea cyangwa izindi ndwara zo gusinzira, ushobora kuba ufite ibyago byinshi. Abagabo bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara sleep apnea kurusha abagore, nubwo ibyago ku bagore byiyongera nyuma yo gucura.

Indwara nyinshi zirashobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo gukenera ubushakashatsi bwo gusinzira:

• Umubyazo mwinshi udashobora kugenzurwa
• Indwara z'umutima cyangwa imirimo y'umutima idahwitse
• Diyabete cyangwa prediabetes
• Umutsi cyangwa amateka y'umutsi
• Amaguru manini cyangwa umuzenguruko w'ijosi rinini
• Umuvundo wo mu mazuru cyangwa ibibazo byo guhumeka
• Gukoresha imiti ituma umuntu asinzira cyangwa imiti iruhura imitsi

Ibintu by'imibereho nabyo bishobora gutuma ugira ibibazo byo gusinzira. Kunywa itabi birarakaza inzira z'umwuka kandi bishobora gutuma sleep apnea irushaho kuba mibi. Alukolo iruhura imitsi yo mu muhogo, bishobora gutuma ugira ibibazo byo guhumeka mugihe cyo gusinzira. Gukora akazi mu gihe gihindagurika cyangwa gahunda yo gusinzira idahwitse birashobora guhungabanya imiterere yawe yo gusinzira isanzwe.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa n’indwara zo gusinzira zitavuwe?

Kwirengagiza indwara zo gusinzira bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwawe no mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Kubura umwuka wo gusinzira, by'umwihariko, bishyira umuvuduko ku mikorere y'imitsi yawe y'umutima kandi bishobora gutera umuvuduko w'amaraso, indwara z'umutima, no kongera ibyago byo gufatwa n'umugongo. Kugabanuka kenshi kw'urugero rw'umwuka wa oxygène mu gihe cyo gusinzira bishobora kwangiza ingingo zawe uko igihe kigenda.

Indwara zo gusinzira zitavuwe kandi zigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe no ku mikorere y'ubwenge. Gusinzira nabi bishobora gutera umubabaro, guhangayika, no kugorana kwibuka. Ushobora gusanga bigoye kwibuka ibintu cyangwa gufata ibyemezo ku manywa. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere yawe y'akazi no mu mibanire yawe.

Dore zimwe mu ngaruka zishobora guterwa n'indwara zo gusinzira zitavuwe:

• Kongera ibyago byo gukora impanuka z'imodoka bitewe no gusinzira ku manywa
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi n'ibibazo by'umutima
• Kongera ibiro no kugorana kugabanya ibiro
• Umutekano muke w'umubiri
• Guhinduka kw'imitekerereze no kurakara
• Ibibazo mu mibanire bitewe no kunanuka cyangwa guhungabanya gusinzira
• Kongera ibyago bya diyabete

Inkuru nziza ni uko indwara nyinshi zo gusinzira zivurwa cyane iyo zimaze kumenyekana neza. Kuvura hakiri kare bishobora gukumira izi ngaruka kandi bigahindura cyane imibereho yawe. Abantu benshi batangazwa n'uko bumva bameze neza nyuma yo gukemura ibibazo byabo byo gusinzira.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga kubera ibibazo byo gusinzira?

Ukwiriye gutekereza kubona umuganga niba wumva urambiwe buri gihe ku manywa nubwo ubona usa n'aho uryama bihagije. Niba wisanga usinzira mu gihe cy'ibikorwa byoroshye nko gusoma cyangwa kureba televiziyo, ibi bishobora kugaragaza indwara yo gusinzira. Kunanuka cyane, cyane cyane niba byunganirwa no guhumeka cyane cyangwa guhagarika umwuka, ni ikindi kimenyetso cy'ingenzi cyo kwitondera.

Umenye ibyo uwo musangiye ibitanda akubwira ku myitwarire yawe mu ijoro. Niba abonye uhagarika guhumeka, ukora imyitozo idasanzwe, cyangwa usa nk'utuje ijoro ryose, ibyo babonye bishobora gutanga ibimenyetso by'agaciro ku bibazo bishobora kuba biri mu gusinzira.

Dore ibimenyetso byihariye bikwiriye isuzuma ry'ubuvuzi:

• Gusinzira cyane ku manywa bikabangamira imirimo ya buri munsi
• Kuvuga ingurube cyane hamwe n'ibihe by'ituze bikurikirwa no guhumeka cyane
• Ibihe byabonetse byo guhagarika guhumeka mu gihe cyo gusinzira
• Gukanguka kenshi nijoro
• Umutwe mu gitondo cyangwa umunwa wumye
• Kugorana kwibanda cyangwa ibibazo byo kwibuka
• Imyitwarire idasanzwe mu gihe cyo gusinzira nk'ukugenda mu nzozi cyangwa kuvuga

Ntugategereze niba ufite ibyo bimenyetso buri gihe. Indwara zo gusinzira zishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwawe n'imibereho yawe, ariko kandi ziravurwa cyane. Muganga wawe ushinzwe kwita ku buzima bwawe ashobora gusuzuma ibimenyetso byawe akakohereza ku nzobere mu gusinzira niba bibaye ngombwa.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa kuri polysomnography

Q.1 Ese ikizamini cya polysomnography ni cyiza mu gusuzuma sleep apnea?

Yego, polysomnography ni ikizamini cyiza cyane cyo gusuzuma sleep apnea. Ubu bushakashatsi bwuzuye bwo mu ijoro bushobora kumenya neza igihe guhumeka kwawe guhagarara cyangwa kugabanuka mu gihe cyo gusinzira, gupima igihe ibyo bice bimara, no kumenya ubukana bwabyo. Ikizamini gitanga amakuru arambuye yerekeye urwego rwawe rwa ogisijeni, ibyiciro byo gusinzira, n'ibindi bintu bifasha abaganga gukora isuzuma ryukuri.

Ubu bushakashatsi bwizewe cyane kurusha ibizamini byo gusinzira byo murugo cyangwa ibibazo gusa. Birashobora gutandukanya ubwoko butandukanye bwa sleep apnea no kumenya izindi ndwara zo gusinzira zishobora gutera ibimenyetso byawe. Niba ufite ibimenyetso nk'ingurube nyinshi, umunaniro wo ku manywa, cyangwa guhagarika guhumeka kwabonetse, polysomnography irashobora kumenya neza niba sleep apnea ariyo mpamvu.

Q.2 Ese kugira ibisubizo bidasanzwe bya polysomnography bisobanura ko rwose mfite uburwayi bwo gusinzira?

Ntabwo ari ngombwa. Nubwo ibisubizo bidasanzwe bikunze kugaragaza uburwayi bwo gusinzira, muganga wawe azasobanura ibyavuye muri ibyo bizamini mu rwego rw'ibimenyetso ufite n'amateka yawe y'ubuzima. Rimwe na rimwe abantu bagira ibitagenda neza bito mu isuzuma ryabo ryo gusinzira ariko ntibagire ibimenyetso bikomeye cyangwa ibibazo by'ubuzima.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku bintu nk'uko ibisubizo bihura n'ibimenyetso byawe bya manywa, ubuzima muri rusange, n'imibereho yawe. Barashobora kugusaba kuvurwa kubera ibitagenda neza bimwe na bimwe mugihe bakurikirana ibindi uko iminsi igenda. Intego ni ukongera ubuziranenge bwo gusinzira n'ubuzima muri rusange, atari ukuvura gusa ibisubizo by'ibizamini.

Q.3 Mbese nshobora gufata imiti yanjye isanzwe mbere y'isuzuma ryo gusinzira?

Mu bihe byinshi, yego, ugomba gukomeza gufata imiti yawe isanzwe mbere y'isuzuma ryo gusinzira. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenyesha muganga wawe imiti yose ufata, harimo imiti itagurishwa ku gasoko n'ibyongerera imbaraga. Imwe mu miti ishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo usinzira n'ibisubizo by'ibizamini.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba guhagarika by'agateganyo imiti imwe yo gusinzira cyangwa imiti ituma utabasha kumenya ibikubaho mbere y'isuzuma kugirango abone ibisubizo by'ukuri. Bazatanga amabwiriza yihariye yerekeye imiti ugomba gukomeza gufata n'iyo ugomba kwirinda. Ntukigere uhagarika imiti yandikiwe na muganga utabanje kubaza umuganga wawe.

Q.4 Mbese nzashobora gusinzira neza mugihe cya polysomnography?

Abantu benshi bahangayika ko batazashobora gusinzira hamwe na za senseri zose zikomatanye, ariko abarwayi benshi barasinzira kandi bakabona ibisubizo bifite icyo bisobanura. Senseri zagenewe kuba zoroheje uko bishoboka kose, kandi ibidukikije byo mu laboratori y'ibizamini byo gusinzira bikozwe kugirango byumve bituje kandi bimeze nk'urugo.

N'ubwo utaryama neza nk'uko bisanzwe, cyangwa niba uryama amasaha make ubusanzwe, icyo kizamini kirashobora gutanga amakuru y'ingirakamaro. Abahanga mu by'ibitotsi bafite ubuhanga bwo kubona amakuru y'ingirakamaro kabone n'iyo abarwayi bagize ingorane zo gusinzira. Niba utaryamye bihagije kugira ngo ukore isuzuma ryuzuye, ushobora gusabwa gusubira mu ijoro rindi, ariko ibyo ntibisanzwe.

Q.5 Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo bya polysomnography?

Ubusanzwe ushobora kwitega kubona ibisubizo byawe by'ibitotsi mu cyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri. Amakuru atarategurwa ava mu isuzuma ryawe agomba gusesengurwa neza n'umuhanga mu by'ibitotsi, uzareba ibipimo byose akore raporo irambuye. Iri sesengura rifata igihe kuko hari amakuru menshi agomba gukorwaho ava mu isuzuma ryawe ryo mu ijoro.

Muganga wawe akenshi azategura gahunda yo kuganira nawe ku bisubizo birambuye. Muri uru ruzinduko, bazasobanura icyo ibyavuye mu isuzuma bisobanuye, basubize ibibazo byawe, kandi baganire ku buryo bwo kuvura niba bibaye ngombwa. Niba ibisubizo byawe bigaragaza uburwayi bukomeye busaba ubufasha bwihuse, muganga wawe ashobora kuguhamagara mbere y'igihe.