Ni iki Prostatectomy? Intego, Uburyo & Gukira

Prostatectomy ni uburyo bwo kubaga bwo gukuraho prostate yose cyangwa igice cyayo. Ubu buvuzi busanzwe busabwa cyane ku bagabo bafite kanseri ya prostate, nubwo bushobora no gufasha mu gihe cyo kwaguka cyane kwa prostate itarasubizwa mu bundi buvuzi.

Prostate ni glande ntoya, ingana na walnut, yicaye munsi ya nyababyeyi kandi ikikije urethra. Iyo kanseri yateye cyangwa glande yagutse cyane, kuyikuraho mu kubaga birashobora kuba uburyo bwiza bwo kurengera ubuzima bwawe no kunoza imibereho yawe.

Ni iki prostatectomy?

Prostatectomy bisobanura gukuraho prostate mu kubaga mu mubiri wawe. Hariho ubwoko bubiri nyamukuru: prostatectomy ikaze ikuraho prostate yose hamwe n'ibice byegereyeho, mugihe prostatectomy yoroshye ikuraho igice cyimbere cya prostate gusa.

Prostatectomy ikaze ni ubuvuzi busanzwe bwa kanseri ya prostate yibanze. Muri ubu buryo, umuganga wawe akuraho prostate yose, imitsi ya seminal (udusanduku duto dutanga amazi ya sperme), rimwe na rimwe n'imitsi ya lymph yegeranye kugirango barebe niba kanseri yarakwiriye.

Prostatectomy yoroshye ntisanzwe kandi isanzwe igenewe abagabo bafite prostate nini cyane itera ibibazo bikomeye byo kunyara. Ubu buryo bukuraho gusa igice cyagutse kibuza urujya n'uruza rw'inkari, gisiga uruhu rwo hanze rwa prostate rutagize icyo rutwara.

Kuki prostatectomy ikorwa?

Prostatectomy ikorwa cyane cyane kugirango ivure kanseri ya prostate itarakwira hanze ya glande ya prostate. Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba iyi operasiyo niba ufite kanseri yo mu ntangiriro kandi ufite ubuzima bwiza buhagije kubera kubaga gukomeye.

Intego nyamukuru ni ugukuraho burundu kanseri mu mubiri wawe mbere yuko igira amahirwe yo gukwira mu zindi ngingo. Ibi biguha amahirwe meza yo kuba udafite kanseri igihe kirekire, cyane cyane iyo kanseri ifashwe hakiri kare kandi yibanze kuri prostate.

Mu buryo butajegajega, prostatectomy ishobora gushyirwaho ku bantu bafite benign prostatic hyperplasia ikomeye (prostate yagutse) iyo imiti n'ubuvuzi butagira ingaruka nyinshi bitagize icyo bifasha ku bimenyetso byawe. Ibi bikunze kureba abagabo bafite prostate nini cyane itera ibibazo bikomeye byo kunyara cyangwa kwangirika kw'impyiko.

Ni iki gikorwa cya prostatectomy?

Uburyo bwo kubaga bushingiye ku miterere yawe yihariye n'ubuhanga bw'abaganga bakubaga. Prostatectomies nyinshi ubu zikorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo butagira ingaruka nyinshi butuma habaho ibikomere bito n'igihe gito cyo gukira.

Robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy ubu ni uburyo busanzwe bukoreshwa. Umuganga ukubaga akora ibikorwa binyuze mu bikomere bito akoresheje ibikoresho bya robot bitanga uburyo bwiza bwo kureba no kubona ibintu mu buryo bwa 3D. Ubu buryo busanzwe butuma habaho gutakaza amaraso make, kugabanya ububabare, no gukira vuba ugereranije no kubaga gakondo.

Mugihe cyo kubaga, uzaba uri munsi ya anesthesia rusange kandi ntuzumva ikintu na kimwe. Umuganga ukubaga atandukanya neza prostate n'ibiyikikije, harimo uruhago n'umuyoboro w'inkari, hanyuma akavana urugingo rwose. Uruhanga rero rugarurwa ku muyoboro w'inkari.

Open radical prostatectomy ikubiyemo igikomere kinini mu nda yawe yo hasi. Nubwo bitajegajega ubu, ubu buryo bushobora kuba ngombwa kuri prostate nini cyane cyangwa iyo kubaga kwabanje byateje imitsi y'ibikomere bituma uburyo butagira ingaruka nyinshi bugorana.

Ni gute wakwitegura prostatectomy yawe?

Ukwitegura kwawe bitangira mu byumweru byinshi mbere yo kubaga hamwe no gupima no gutegura byuzuye. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizagufasha kumenya niba ufite ubuzima bwiza bwo kubagwa kandi rigufashe gusobanukirwa icyo wakwitega mugihe cyo gukira.

Bizaba ngombwa guhagarika imiti imwe n'imwe ishobora kongera ibyago byo kuva amaraso, nk'imiti ifasha amaraso gukama, aspirine, na zimwe mu nkongoro. Muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza arambuye yerekeye imiti ugomba guhagarika n'igihe. Ntukigere uhagarika imiti yandikiwe utabanje kubaza ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi.

Ibizamini mbere yo kubagwa mubisanzwe bikubiyemo ibizamini by'amaraso, ibizamini by'amashusho, rimwe na rimwe n'ibindi bizamini by'umutima cyangwa ibihaha. Ibi bifasha ikipe yawe yo kubaga gutegura uburyo bwiza bwo gukora ku mubiri wawe wihariye n'ubuzima bwawe.

Umunsi umwe mbere yo kubagwa, uzakenera gukurikiza ibyo kurya byihariye. Abantu benshi basabwa kurya ifunguro ryoroshye nimugoroba mbere yuko babagwa hanyuma bakirinda ibiryo n'ibinyobwa byose nyuma ya saa sita z'ijoro. Gutegura amara yawe bishobora gukubiyemo enema cyangwa umuti utuma amara akora kugirango amara yawe abe yuzuye.

Ni gute usoma ibisubizo byawe bya prostatectomy?

Raporo yawe ya pathology itanga amakuru arambuye yerekeye kanseri yabonetse muri prostate yawe yavanyweho. Iyi raporo ifasha kumenya niba hari izindi nshuro zikenewe kandi itanga ibisobanuro ku byerekeye imiterere yawe y'igihe kirekire.

Umuhanga mu bya pathology azasuzuma prostate yawe yose akoresheje mikorosikopi hanyuma atange ibisubizo byingenzi. Inota rya Gleason risobanura uburyo selile za kanseri zisa nk'izikaze, hamwe n'amanota make agaragaza kanseri ikura gahoro. Amanota ava kuri 6 kugeza kuri 10, aho 6 ariyo idakaze.

Imipaka yo kubaga ikubwira niba selile za kanseri zabonetse ku mpande z'umubiri wavanyweho. Imipaka isobanutse isobanura ko umuganga wabaze yavanyeho kanseri yose igaragara, mugihe imipaka myiza ishobora kugaragaza selile za kanseri nto zikiriho kandi izindi nshuro zishobora kuba ingirakamaro.

Icyiciro cya pathology gisobanura uburyo kanseri yari yaragutse muri prostate no niba yari yarenze glande. Iyi makuru, hamwe n'ibizamini byawe mbere yo kubagwa, bifasha ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi kumenya niba ukeneye izindi nshuro nka radiyo.

Ni gute watezimbere imikorere yawe ya prostatectomy?

Kugenda neza nyuma yo kubagwa prostate ni inzira igenda buhoro buhoro, isanzwe ifata ibyumweru byinshi cyangwa amezi. Gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza bifasha kugira icyo ugeraho cyiza kandi bigabanya ibyago byo kugira ibibazo.

Kugenzura ububabare ni ingenzi mu minsi mike ya mbere nyuma yo kubagwa. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizatanga imiti kugirango ugire umutuzo, kandi ububabare busanzwe bugabanuka cyane mu cyumweru cya mbere. Abantu benshi barasanga imiti igabanya ububabare itangwa nta gatabo ihagije nyuma y'iminsi mike ya mbere.

Uzaba ufite catheter y'inkari mu byumweru bigera kuri kimwe cyangwa bibiri nyuma yo kubagwa. Iyi tube nto ikurura inkari mu mpyisi yawe mugihe umubano uri hagati y'impyisi yawe n'umuyoboro w'inkari ukira. Nubwo bitari byiza, catheter ni ingenzi kugirango ukire neza kandi wirinde ibibazo.

Kwirinda gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri bifasha kurengera imitsi yawe ikira. Uzaba ukeneye kwirinda kuzamura ibintu biremereye, gukora imyitozo ikomeye, no gutwara imodoka mu byumweru byinshi. Ariko, kugenda buhoro buhoro birashishikarizwa kuva ku munsi wa mbere nyuma yo kubagwa kugirango wirinde amaraso yiziba no guteza imbere gukira.

Ni ibihe bintu bitera ibibazo byo kubagwa prostate?

Nubwo kubagwa prostate muri rusange bifite umutekano, ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo. Kubisobanukirwa bifasha wowe n'itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga gufata ingamba zikwiye no gufata ibyemezo bifitiye akamaro ku bijyanye n'ubuvuzi bwawe.

Imyaka n'ubuzima muri rusange bigira uruhare runini mu byago byo kubagwa. Abagabo barengeje imyaka 70 cyangwa abafite indwara z'umutima, diyabete, cyangwa izindi ndwara zidakira bahura n'ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibibazo. Ariko, abagabo benshi bakuze bakorerwa kubagwa prostate neza kandi bagatanga umusaruro mwiza.

Kubagwa mu nda mbere cyangwa imiti ya radiation bishobora gutuma uburyo bukoreshwa bugorana cyane. Imitsi y'ibikomere bivuye mu buvuzi bwa mbere bishobora gutuma abaganga batamenya neza imitsi isanzwe, bishobora kongera igihe cyo kubaga n'ibyago by'ibibazo.

Ubunini bwa prostate n'urugero rwa kanseri nabyo bigira uruhare mu rwego rw'ibibazo. Prostate nini cyane cyangwa kanseri yegereye ibice biyikikije bishobora gusaba uburyo bwo kubaga bugoye cyane, bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kugira ibibazo.

Umunyinya no kubyibuha bikabije ni ibintu bishobora guhinduka bigira uruhare mu bibazo ushobora gukemura mbere yo kubagwa. Urumogi rubuza igikomere gukira neza kandi rukanongera ibyago byo kwandura, mugihe uburemere burenze urugero bushobora gutuma kubagwa bigorana cyane kandi bigatinda gukira.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishobora kuvuka nyuma yo gukuraho prostate?

Kimwe n'ubundi bubagwa bukomeye, gukuraho prostate bifite ibyago n'ibibazo bishobora kuvuka. Abagabo benshi ntibagira ibibazo bikomeye, ariko gusobanukirwa ibibazo bishoboka bifasha gufata ibyemezo bifitiye inyungu kandi ukamenya igihe cyo gushaka ubufasha bw'abaganga.

Ibibazo bisanzwe biba byibasira imikorere y'inkari n'imibonano mpuzabitsina. Ibi bibazo akenshi ntibiramba ariko rimwe na rimwe birashobora kuba bihoraho, bitewe n'ibintu bitandukanye birimo imyaka yawe, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, n'urugero rwo kubagwa byasabye.

Dore ibibazo by'ingenzi ugomba kumenya:

• Kutagira ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira inkari: Kugorana kugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'inkari bibaho ku bagabo benshi mu ntangiriro ariko akenshi biragenda bikira uko igihe kigenda gihita. Gukira neza kw'imikorere y'uruhago bishobora gufata amezi menshi kugeza ku mwaka.
• Kutagira ubushobozi bwo gushyira mu bikorwa: Kugorana kugera cyangwa gukomeza imitsi ni ibisanzwe nyuma yo kubagwa. Gukira biterwa n'imyaka, imikorere mbere yo kubagwa, niba uburyo bwo kubungabunga imitsi bwashobokaga.
• Kuva amaraso: Kuva amaraso gato ni ibisanzwe, ariko kuva amaraso menshi bishobora gusaba ubuvuzi bwiyongera cyangwa rimwe na rimwe, guterwa amaraso.
• Kwandura: Kwandura ahantu habagiwe cyangwa kwandura mu nzira y'inkari birashobora kubaho ariko akenshi bivurwa n'imiti yica udukoko.
• Gukora imitsi ifunga: Imitsi y'ibikomere irashobora kugabanya umubano uri hagati y'uruhago n'umuyoboro w'inkari, bishobora gusaba uburyo bwiyongera.

Ibyago bikomeye ariko bitabaho cyane birimo amaraso, ibibazo by'umutima, cyangwa imvune mu mara. Itsinda ryanyu ry'abaganga rirakurikirana neza ibi bibazo kandi rifite uburyo bwo kubikemura nibiramuka bibaye.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga nyuma yo kubagwa prostate?

Ubuvuzi buhoraho ni ingenzi nyuma yo kubagwa prostate kugira ngo hakurikiranwe imikoreshereze yawe no kureba ibimenyetso byose byo gusubira inyuma kwa kanseri. Itsinda ryanyu ry'abaganga rizagena gahunda zihariye, ariko kandi ugomba kumenya igihe cyo gushaka ubufasha bwihuse bw'ubuvuzi.

Vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye ububabare bukomeye butagenzurwa n'imiti yategetswe, ibimenyetso byo kwandura nka umuriro cyangwa ibikonjo, cyangwa kuva amaraso menshi. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kwerekana ibibazo bikeneye kuvurwa vuba.

Ibibazo bya kateteri yawe y'inkari nabyo bisaba ubufasha bwihuse. Niba kateteri ihagaze gukurura, ikavaho, cyangwa ikateza ububabare bukomeye, vugana n'itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga ako kanya. Ntugerageze gukemura ibibazo bya kateteri wenyine.

Ukurikirana igihe kirekire mubisanzwe birimo ibizamini by'amaraso bya PSA buri gihe kugira ngo hakurikiranwe gusubira inyuma kwa kanseri. Umuganga wawe azanagenzura imikoreshereze yawe y'inkari n'imikorere y'imibonano mpuzabitsina kandi atange imiti cyangwa yohereze niba bibaye ngombwa.

Ibikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye no kubagwa prostate

Q.1 Ese kubagwa prostate ni byiza kuri kanseri ya prostate yo mu ntangiriro?

Yego, kubagwa prostate bifatwa nk'imwe mu miti ikora neza cyane kuri kanseri ya prostate yo mu ntangiriro. Iyo kanseri yigaragambije mu gice cya prostate, gukuraho kubagwa bitanga ibipimo byiza byo gukira n'imikorere myiza y'igihe kirekire.

Inyungu nyamukuru ni gukuraho kanseri yose, ikuraho ibyago byo gukura cyangwa gukwirakwiza ururimi rwo muri prostate. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko abagabo bafite kanseri ya prostate yaho bakorerwa kubagwa prostate bafite ibipimo byo kubaho bimeze kimwe n'abagabo badafite kanseri.

Q.2 Ese kubagwa prostate bitera kutagira ubushobozi buhoraho bwo kwihagarika?

Abenshi mu bagabo basubirana ubushobozi bwo kwihagarika nyuma yo kubagwa prostate, nubwo bitwara igihe. Kudashobora kwihagarika burundu ni gake, bikaba byibasira abagabo bagera kuri 5-10% mu gihe kirekire. Abenshi mu barwayi bagera ku kwihagarika neza mu mezi atandatu kugeza ku mwaka.

Kugaruka mu buzima busanzwe biterwa n'ibintu bitandukanye birimo imyaka, imikorere y'urwungano rw'inkari mbere yo kubagwa, n'uburyo bwo kubaga. Imyitozo ngororamubiri y'amavuriro yo hasi n'izindi nshuti zirashobora gufasha kwihutisha kugaruka mu buzima busanzwe no kunoza ibisubizo ku bagabo benshi.

Q.3 Ese nzakenera izindi nshuti zo kuvura kanseri nyuma yo kubagwa prostate?

Abagabo benshi ntibakeneye izindi nshuti nyuma yo kubagwa prostate neza. Ariko, abagera kuri 20-30% b'abarwayi bashobora kungukirwa na radiyo terapi niba ibisubizo by'uburwayi bwerekana ibintu bifite ibyago byinshi nk'imipaka myiza cyangwa ikwirakwizwa rya kanseri hanze ya prostate.

Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizasuzuma ibisubizo byawe by'uburwayi hanyuma rigatanga inama z'izindi nshuti gusa niba bishoboka ko byanoza ibisubizo byawe mu gihe kirekire. Gukurikirana PSA buri gihe bifasha kumenya ibimenyetso byose byo gusubira inyuma kwa kanseri hakiri kare.

Q.4 Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire nyuma yo kubagwa prostate?

Kugaruka mu buzima busanzwe bwa mbere bifata ibyumweru bigera kuri 4-6, muri icyo gihe uzagenda usubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe. Ariko, kugaruka burundu kw'imikorere y'inkari n'imibonano mpuzabitsina bishobora gufata amezi 6-12 cyangwa kurenza.

Abagabo benshi basubira ku kazi mu byumweru 2-4, bitewe n'ibisabwa by'akazi kabo. Kuzamura ibintu biremereye n'ibikorwa bikomeye birabujijwe mu byumweru 6-8 kugira ngo bikore neza.

Q.5 Ese kubagwa prostate bikorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo butuma umuntu adakomereka cyane?

Yego, kubagwa prostate kenshi uyu munsi bikorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo butuma umuntu adakomereka cyane hakoreshejwe robot cyangwa uburyo bwa laparoscopic. Ubu buryo butanga inyungu nyinshi zirimo imisemburo mito, gutakaza amaraso make, kugabanya ububabare, no kugaruka mu buzima busanzwe vuba ugereranije no kubagwa bisanzwe.

Kubaga prostate hakoreshejwe roboti byabaye uburyo bukoreshwa cyane kuko bufasha abaganga gukora neza kandi bakabona ishusho ya 3D. Ariko, uburyo bwiza bwo kubaga buterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze n'ubumenyi bw'umuganga ukubaga.