Ni iki cyitwa kubaga umusonga wa sentinel? Intego, Urwego / Uburyo & Ibivamo

Kubaga umusonga wa sentinel ni uburyo bwo kubaga bukuraho kandi bugasuzuma umusonga wa mbere wa lymph aho selile za kanseri zishobora gukwirakwira cyane kuva kuri tumor. Tekereza nk'uko ugenzura umusonga wa lymph "umurinzi" utunganya amazi ava ahantu hari kanseri yawe.

Ubu buryo butavuna cyane bufasha abaganga kumenya niba kanseri yatangiye gukwirakwira irenze ahantu tumor yari iri. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga bakoresha iyi makuru kugirango bategure uburyo bwo kuvura bukora neza kubera imiterere yawe yihariye.

Ni iki cyitwa kubaga umusonga wa sentinel?

Umusonga wa sentinel ni umusonga wa mbere wa lymph wakira amazi ava ahantu hari tumor. Muri ubu buryo, umuganga ubaga amenya kandi akavana uyu musonga wihariye kugirango awusuzume kuri selile za kanseri munsi ya mikorosikopi.

Sisitemu yawe ya lymph ikora nk'urujya n'uruza rw'imihanda itwara amazi mu mubiri wawe. Iyo selile za kanseri zivuye muri tumor, akenshi zinyura muri izi nzira zijya mu musonga wa lymph wa hafi. Mugihe abaganga basuzuma uyu musonga wa "sentinel", akenshi bashobora kumenya niba kanseri yatangiye gukwirakwira batavanyeho imisonga myinshi ya lymph.

Ubu buryo bugamije bisobanura kubagwa guke kuri wowe mugihe ugikora gutanga amakuru yingenzi yerekeye imyitwarire ya kanseri yawe. Ubu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa kuri kanseri y'ibere, melanoma, nizindi kanseri zimwe.

Kuki kubaga umusonga wa sentinel bikorwa?

Abaganga basaba kubaga umusonga wa sentinel kugirango bamenye niba kanseri yarakwiriye mu misonga yawe ya lymph. Aya makuru agira uruhare runini muri gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa kandi afasha kumenya uko uzaba umeze.

Ubu buryo bufite intego nyinshi zingenzi mukuvura kanseri yawe. Mbere na mbere, bifasha gushyira kanseri yawe mu cyiciro, bivuze kumenya uko yateye imbere. Icya kabiri, bigenga ibyemezo byo kuvura niba ukeneye kubagwa, imiti cyangwa radiyo yongereweho.

Mbere y'uko kubagwa umugogo w'umutima w'indwara biboneka, abaganga bakundaga gukuraho imitsi myinshi y'amazi kugira ngo barebe niba kanseri yarakwiriye. Ubu buryo, bwise kubaga imitsi y'amazi, bushobora gutera ingaruka zirambye nk'ukubyimba kw'ukuboko. Kubagwa umugogo w'umutima w'indwara bituma abaganga bakusanya amakuru y'ingenzi mu gihe bashobora kwirinda izi ngorane.

Ni iki gikorerwa kubagwa umugogo w'umutima w'indwara?

Uburyo bwo kubagwa umugogo w'umutima w'indwara bukubiyemo guterwa umuti wihariye hafi y'igishyitsi cyawe, hanyuma ugakurikiza inzira yawo kugira ngo umenye umugogo w'umutima w'indwara. Umuganga ukubaga akuraho uyu mugogo binyuze mu gace gato kugira ngo ukorerwe isuzuma muri laboratori.

Ibi nibyo bibaho mugihe cyo kubagwa kwawe, intambwe ku yindi:

1. Uzagaburirwa umuti wo gutuma utagira ububabare kugirango ugume wumva neza mugihe cyo kubagwa
2. Umuganga ukubaga aterwa umuti wa radiyoactive na/cyangwa irangi ry'ubururu hafi y'ahantu hari igishyitsi cyawe
3. Umuti ugenda unyuze mu mikorere yawe y'amazi kugera ku mugogo w'umutima w'indwara
4. Umuganga ukubaga akoresha igikoresho cyihariye kugirango abone ikimenyetso cya radiyoactive
5. Hakorwa agace gato kugirango winjiremo ukureho umugogo w'umutima w'indwara
6. Uyu mugogo woherezwa muri laboratori ishinzwe indwara kugirango ikorerwe isesengura ryihuse cyangwa rirambuye

Ubu buryo bwose busanzwe bufata iminota 30 kugeza kuri 60, bitewe n'ahantu hamwe n'uburyo urubanza rwawe rumeze. Abantu benshi barashobora gutaha uwo munsi, nubwo bamwe bashobora gukenera kumara igihe gito mu bitaro.

Ni gute wakitegura kubagwa umugogo w'umutima w'indwara?

Ukwitegura kwawe bitangira n'ibiganiro mbere yo kubagwa aho ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi isobanura ubu buryo kandi igasubiza ibibazo byawe. Uzahabwa amabwiriza yihariye yerekeye kurya, kunywa, no gufata imiti mbere yo kubagwa.

Ikipe yawe y'ubuzima izaguha amabwiriza arambuye yo kwitegura arimo:

• Guheza gukoresha imiti imwe n'imwe ishobora kongera ibyago byo kuva amaraso
• Kuzirikana amasaha 8-12 mbere yo kubagwa niba bagiye kugukoresha anesthesia rusange
• Gutegura uburyo bwo gutaha nyuma yo kubagwa
• Kwambara imyenda yoroshye kandi yagutse ku munsi wo kubagwa
• Gukuraho imitako, amashusho yo mu maso, na polish ku nzara

Menyesha ikipe yawe y'abaganga ku bijyanye n'imiti yose ufata, harimo na vitamine n'ibyongerera imbaraga. Bazashaka kumenya kandi niba ufite allergie iyo ari yo yose, cyane cyane kuri iyode cyangwa amarangi akoreshwa mu kugaragaza ibice by'umubiri.

Ni gute usoma ibisubizo byawe bya biopsy y'agahururu k'umubiri?

Raporo yawe y'ubuvuzi izavuga neza niba selile za kanseri zarabonetse mu gahururu kawe k'umubiri. Isubizo ritari ryo risobanura ko nta selile za kanseri zabonetse, mugihe isubizo ryiza ryerekana ko kanseri yafashe mu nsinga z'amazi.

Kumenya ibisubizo byawe bifasha kwitabira ibyemezo byo kuvurwa. Niba agahururu kawe k'umubiri katariho kanseri, mubisanzwe ntibisaba gukuraho izindi nsinga z'amazi. Ibi bisobanura ko kanseri yawe itaratangira gukwirakwira mu nsinga zawe z'amazi, ibyo bikaba ari inkuru nziza.

Niba agahururu kawe k'umubiri karimo kanseri, muganga wawe azaganira nawe ku byerekeye intambwe zikurikira. Ibi bishobora kuba bikubiyemo gukuraho izindi nsinga z'amazi, guhindura gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa, cyangwa kongeramo imiti yo kurwanya selile za kanseri zishobora kuba zaragwiriye. Wibuke ko nubwo ibisubizo byaba byiza ntibihindura ubushobozi bwawe bwo kwakira ubuvuzi bwiza.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo gukenera biopsy y'agahururu k'umubiri?

Muganga wawe agushishikariza gukora biopsy y'agahururu k'umubiri bitewe n'ubwoko bwa kanseri yawe, ubunini bwayo, n'aho iherereye. Ibyerekana bimwe na bimwe bya tumor yawe bituma kanseri ikwirakwira mu nsinga z'amazi bishoboka cyane, bigatuma iyi gahunda ikorwa.

Ibintu bitandukanye bigira uruhare mu gihe uzakenera iyi gahunda:

• Ubugari bwa tumor burenga santimetero 1-2
• Uduce twa kanseri twangiza cyane cyangwa twibasira
• Ubwoko bwa kanseri zimwe na zimwe nk'iyo mu ibere cyangwa melanoma
• Aho tumor iherereye ahantu hari imiyoboro myinshi y'amazi y'imitsi
• Ibimenyetso byo kwibasirwa kw'imitsi y'amazi bigaragara ku isesengura ry'amashusho

Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizatekereza kuri ibi bintu hamwe n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange n'intego z'imiti. Bazagusobanurira impamvu bagusaba gukora iki gikorwa n'uko kijyana n'uburyo bwawe bwose bwo kwitabwaho.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa no gupima imitsi y'amazi y'ibanze?

Gupima imitsi y'amazi y'ibanze muri rusange biratekanye, ariko nk'uko bimeze ku kindi gikorwa icyo aricyo cyose cyo kubaga, bifite ibyago bimwe na bimwe. Ingaruka nyinshi ni nto kandi z'igihe gito, zikemuka nyuma y'ibyumweru bike byo kubagwa.

Ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo zirimo:

• Guhinduka umukara by'agateganyo cyangwa kubyimba ahantu hakorewe icyo gikorwa
• Urubavu ruto cyangwa kutumva neza bikemuka iyo uruhutse kandi ufata imiti
• Guhinduka umubiri ubururu cyangwa icyatsi by'agateganyo ku ruhu no mu nkari biturutse ku rangi
• Kutagira ubwumvikane cyangwa kuribwa ahantu hakorewe icyo gikorwa bikemuka uko igihe kigenda
• Ibipimo bito byo kwandura ahantu hakorewe icyo gikorwa

Ingaruka zitabaho ariko zikomeye zirimo kwibasirwa n'imiti, kutagira ubwumvikane burambye, cyangwa lymphedema (kwiyongera kw'amazi bitera kubyimba). Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rigukurikirana neza kandi rigatanga amabwiriza yo kumenya ibimenyetso bikeneye ubufasha bw'abaganga.

Nkwiriye kubona umuganga ryari nyuma yo gupima imitsi y'amazi y'ibanze?

Vugana n'ikipe yawe y'ubuzima ako kanya niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso byo kwandura, kuribwa cyane, cyangwa kubyimba bidasanzwe nyuma y'igikorwa cyawe. Abantu benshi barakira neza, ariko kumenya ibimenyetso byo kwirinda bifasha gutanga ubuvuzi bwihuse niba bibaye ngombwa.

Hamagara umuganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye:

• Uburwayi bwo gushyuha burenze 101°F (38.3°C)
• Ubukana bwiyongera, ubushyuhe, cyangwa uruhu ruri ahakorewe iseswa
• Urubavu rukaze rutagabanuka n'imiti yategetswe
• Ugutangira kwiyongera kw'umubiri mu kaboko cyangwa ukuguru
• Urugimbu rudahinduka cyangwa kuruka

Ugomba kandi kuvugana n'ikibazo icyo aricyo cyose cyangwa ibibazo bijyanye no gukira kwawe. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rishaka kugushyigikira muri uru rugendo no gukemura impungenge zose ushobora kugira.

Ibikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye na sentinel node biopsy

Q.1 Ese ikizamini cya sentinel node biopsy ni cyiza mu kumenya uko kanseri yakwiriye?

Yego, sentinel node biopsy irakora cyane mu kumenya niba kanseri yarageze mu nsinga zawe. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko bimenya neza uko kanseri yakwiriye mu byerekeye 95% by'ibihe, bigatuma iba igikoresho cyiza cyo gushyira kanseri yawe mu cyiciro.

Ubu buryo bwasimbuye cyane gukuraho insinga nyinshi z'amazi kuko bitanga amakuru nk'ayo y'ingenzi hamwe n'ingaruka nke. Umuganga wawe w'indwara y'umubiri asuzuma insinga z'amazi neza, rimwe na rimwe akoresha amabara yihariye kugirango amenye n'umubare muto w'uturemangingo twa kanseri.

Q.2 Ese sentinel node biopsy nziza isobanura ko kanseri yanjye yakwiriye hose?

Oya, sentinel node biopsy nziza ntisobanura ko kanseri yakwiriye mu mubiri wawe wose. Irerekana ko uturemangingo twa kanseri twageze mu nsinga z'amazi za mbere mu nzira y'amazi, ariko ibi biracyafatwa nk'uko byakwiriye mu ntangiriro.

Abantu benshi bafite insinga z'amazi nziza basubiza neza ku buvuzi. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizifashisha aya makuru kugirango rigusabe uburyo bwo kuvura bwongereweho bugamije neza uturemangingo twa kanseri dusigaye kandi bigashimangira imiterere yawe y'igihe kirekire.

Q.3 Bifata igihe kingana iki kugirango ubone ibisubizo bya sentinel node biopsy?

Muri rusange uzabona ibisubizo byawe mu minsi 3-7 nyuma yo kubagwa. Ibikorwa by'ubuvuzi bimwe na bimwe bishobora gutanga ibisubizo by'ibanze mugihe cyo kubagwa ukoresheje uburyo bwo gusuzuma bita frozen section analysis.

Raporo yuzuye y’uburwayi ifata iminsi mike kuko umuhanga wawe mu by’uburwayi asuzuma neza igice cy’umubiri kandi ashobora gukora ibindi bizami. Muganga wawe azategura gahunda yo gusubira kuganira ku byavuye mu bizami byawe n'intambwe zikurikira muri gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa.

Q.4 Ese nkeneye kubagwa niba umusonga wanjye ari mwiza?

Kubagwa bikurikira biterwa n'ibintu bitandukanye, harimo ubwoko bwa kanseri yawe, urugero urugingo rw'imitsi rwagizweho ingaruka, na gahunda yawe yose yo kuvurwa. Abarwayi benshi bafite imitsi myiza ntibakeneye kubagwa byinshi ku rugingo rw'imitsi.

Ubuvuzi bwa kanseri bwa none bukoresha imiti ivura kanseri, imirasire, cyangwa imiti yagenewe gukemura ibibazo by'imitsi. Itsinda ryawe ryita ku buvuzi bwa kanseri rizaganira niba kubagwa bikurikira byungura urwego rwawe rwihariye.

Q.5 Nshobora gukora imyitozo nk'ibisanzwe nyuma yo gukorerwa biopsy y'umusonga?

Urashobora gusubira buhoro mu bikorwa bisanzwe, harimo imyitozo, ariko muganga wawe azatanga amabwiriza yihariye ashingiye ku gukira kwawe. Abantu benshi bashobora gusubira mu bikorwa byoroheje mu minsi mike n'imyitozo yuzuye mu byumweru 2-4.

Tangira n'imigendekere yoroheje hanyuma wongere buhoro urwego rwawe rw'ibikorwa uko wumva umeze neza. Irinde kuzamura ibintu biremereye cyangwa imyitozo ikomeye kugeza igice cy'ubagiro gikize neza kandi muganga wawe akaguhereza urumuri rw'icyatsi.