Ni iki cyitwa kubaga igifu (Sleeve Gastrectomy)? Impamvu, Uburyo & Ibivamo

Kubaga igifu (Sleeve gastrectomy) ni uburyo bwo kubaga bugamije kugabanya ibiro aho abaganga bakuraho hafi 80% by'igifu cyawe, bagasigaza urwungano ruto cyangwa "sleeve" rungana na banane. Ubu buryo bufasha kugabanya ibiro mu kugabanya cyane ingano y'ibiryo ushobora kurya icyarimwe no guhindura imisemburo igenzura inzara n'isukari mu maraso.

Ubu bwoko bwo kubaga bwahindutse bumwe mu buryo bukoreshwa cyane bwo kugabanya ibiro kuko bukora neza, bworoshye, kandi ntibusaba guhindura inzira z'amara nk'uko biba bimeze mu bindi byiciro byo kubaga bigamije kugabanya ibiro. Abantu benshi basanga bibafasha kugera ku kugabanya ibiro byinshi kandi birambye iyo ubundi buryo butagize icyo bugeraho.

Ni iki cyitwa kubaga igifu (sleeve gastrectomy)?

Kubaga igifu (Sleeve gastrectomy) ni uburyo bwo kubaga bukuraho burundu igice kinini cy'igifu cyawe kugira ngo bifashe kugabanya ibiro. Mu gihe cyo kubaga, umuganga ukubaga akuraho igice cyo hanze cy'igifu cyawe, ari naho ubushobozi bwo kwaguka bw'igifu bugaragara cyane.

Igisigara ni igifu gifite ishusho y'urwungano ruto, rufite ubushobozi bwo gufata ibiryo bike cyane ugereranyije na mbere. Tekereza nk'uko wahindura baluni nini ikaba urwungano ruto. Iki gifu gito cyuzura vuba, bityo ukumva uhaze nyuma yo kurya ibiryo bike.

Kubaga kandi gukuraho igice cy'igifu cyawe gitanga ghrelin, umusemburo utuma wumva ufite inzara. Ibi bivuze ko ushobora kuzagira inzara nkeya ugereranyije na mbere y'uko ubu buryo bukoreshwa, ibyo bikaba byagufasha gukurikiza ingano nto y'ibiryo.

Kuki kubaga igifu bikorwa?

Abaganga bagira inama yo kubaga igifu ku bantu bafite umubyibuho ukabije batashoboye kugabanya ibiro binyuze mu mirire, imyitozo ngororamubiri, n'ubundi buryo butari ubwo kubaga. Bikunze gutekerezwa iyo igipimo cyawe cy'umubiri (BMI) kiri kuri 40 cyangwa hejuru, cyangwa 35 cyangwa hejuru niba ufite indwara zikomeye zifitanye isano n'ibiro byawe.

Kubagwa imvune birashobora gufasha kuvura cyangwa kunoza ibibazo byinshi by’ubuzima bifitanye isano n’uburemere. Ibi birimo diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso, kubura umwuka wo mu bwonko, n’ibibazo by’ingingo. Abantu benshi kandi babona impinduka nziza mu rwego rw’ibinyamavuta byabo ndetse n’igabanuka ry’ibibazo by’indwara z’umutima.

Usibye inyungu z’umubiri, kubagwa kwa gastrectomy ya sleeve birashobora kunoza cyane imibereho myiza. Abantu bakunze kuvuga ko bumva bafite imbaraga nyinshi, bafite icyizere, kandi bashobora kwitabira ibikorwa batashoboraga gukora mbere. Inyungu zo mu mutwe zo kugera ku kugabanya ibiro birambye zirashobora kuba zingana n’iz’umubiri.

Ni iki gikorerwa gastrectomy ya sleeve?

Gastrectomy ya sleeve ikunze gukorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kubaga butagira ingaruka nyinshi za laparoscopic. Umuganga wawe abaga akora ibice bito bito mu nda yawe akoresheje kamera ntoya n’ibikoresho byihariye kugira ngo akore kubaga.

Ubusanzwe iki gikorwa gifata isaha imwe kugeza ku masaha 2 kandi gikurikiza izi ntambwe zikuru:

1. Uzagaburirwa imiti rusange yo kugufasha gusinzira neza mugihe cyo kubagwa
2. Umuganga wawe abaga akora ibice bito 4-6 mu nda yawe, buri kimwe kigera kuri santimetero imwe
3. Laparoscope (kamera ntoya) ishyirwaho kugira ngo iyobore kubaga
4. Ibikoresho byihariye byo gushyiraho ibintu bikoreshwa mugutandukanya no gukuraho hafi 80% by’igifu cyawe
5. Igice cyakuweho gikurwa mu kimwe mu bice bito
6. Igifu gisigaye kigenzurwa niba hari ibivamo hanyuma ibice bigafungwa

Abantu benshi bamara muminsi 1-2 mumavuriro nyuma yo kubagwa. Ibice bito bikunze gukira vuba kuruta kubaga gakondo, hamwe n’ububabare buke n’ibikomere.

Ni gute witegura gastrectomy ya sleeve?

Kwitegura gastrectomy ya sleeve bikubiyemo intambwe zingenzi nyinshi mu byumweru n’amezi mbere yo kubagwa kwawe. Itsinda ryawe ry’ubuzima rizagufasha mu nzira yo kwitegura yuzuye kugira ngo wemeze ko ibisubizo bishoboka neza.

Urugendo rwawe rwo kwitegura rukubiyemo ibi bintu byingenzi:

• Isuzuma ryuzuye ryubuvuzi harimo ibizamini byamaraso, ibizamini byimikorere yumutima, n'isuzuma ryimirire
• Hura n'umuhanga mu by'imirire ngo wige imyitwarire yo kurya nyuma yo kubagwa
• Witabe inama z'ubujyanama bwa psychologique kugira ngo witegure impinduka z'imibereho zizaza
• Kurikiza imirire mbere yo kubagwa mu byumweru 1-2 kugira ngo ugabanye umwijima wawe kandi ugabanye ibyago byo kubagwa
• Reka kunywa itabi byibuze mu byumweru 6 mbere yo kubagwa niba unywa itabi
• Hindura imiti imwe n'imwe nk'uko umuganga wawe abitegeka
• Tegura ubufasha murugo mugihe cyo gukira kwawe

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kugusaba gutakaza ibiro mbere yo kubagwa niba bishoboka. Ibi birashobora gutuma uburyo bukora neza kandi bushobora kunoza ibisubizo byawe. Imirire mbere yo kubagwa mubisanzwe irimo kalori nkeya na karubohidrate kugira ngo ifashe umubiri wawe kwitegura impinduka zizaza.

Ni gute usoma ibisubizo byawe bya sleeve gastrectomy?

Intsinzi nyuma ya sleeve gastrectomy ipimwa muburyo butandukanye, gutakaza ibiro nicyo kigaragara cyane ariko ntabwo ari cyo kintu cyingenzi gusa. Abantu benshi batakaza 50-70% byibiro byabo birenze urugero mumyaka ibiri ya mbere nyuma yo kubagwa.

Dore uko iterambere ryiza risa:

• Gutakaza ibiro buri gihe cya 1-2 pounds buri cyumweru mumyaka mike ya mbere
• Kunoza ibibazo byubuzima bifitanye isano nibiro nka diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko wamaraso mwinshi
• Kongera imbaraga no gushobora gukora cyane
• Uburyo bwo gusinzira neza no kugabanya ibimenyetso bya apnea yo gusinzira
• Kunoza imikorere no kugabanya ububabare bw'ingingo
• Agaciro keza ka laboratoire harimo isukari mumaraso, cholesterol, na markeri z'uburwayi

Itsinda ryawe ryita ku buzima rizakurikirana iterambere ryawe binyuze mumahugurwa asanzwe yo gukurikirana. Bazakurikirana ntabwo ari ugutakaza ibiro gusa ahubwo n'imimerere yawe y'imirire, urwego rwa vitamine, n'imikorere y'ubuzima muri rusange. Wibuke ko urugendo rwa buri wese rutandukanye, kandi kwigereranya nabandi ntibifasha.

Ni gute wakongera umusaruro wawe wa sleeve gastrectomy?

Kubona umusaruro mwiza uva muri sleeve gastrectomy yawe bisaba kwitanga mu guhindura imibereho yawe mu gihe kirekire. Kubagwa ni igikoresho gikomeye, ariko amahitamo yawe ya buri munsi niyo agena uko uzagira amahirwe mu gihe kirekire.

Gukurikiza izi ngamba birashobora kugufasha kugera ku ntego zawe zo kugabanya ibiro no kuzigumana:

• Jya urya poroteyine mbere muri buri funguro kugirango urinde imitsi kandi wongere gukira
• Fata utuntu duto kandi umenye neza kugirango wirinde kutumva neza
• Reka kurya wumva uhaze, niyo ibiryo bisigaye ku isahani yawe
• Nywa amazi hagati y'amafunguro, atari mu mafunguro, kugirango wirinde kuzura igifu cyawe gito
• Fata imiti yanditswe ya vitamine buri munsi kugirango wirinde kubura intungamubiri
• Kora imyitozo buri gihe, utangire no kugenda hanyuma wongere imbaraga buhoro buhoro
• Witabe gahunda zose zo gukurikiranwa n'ikipe yawe y'ubuzima

Kugira imyitwarire myiza bifata igihe, rero ihangane niba wihindura. Abantu benshi basanga gukorana na muganga wemewe w'imirire no kwinjira mu matsinda ashyigikira bibafasha kuguma ku murongo n'imibereho yabo mishya.

Ni ikihe kintu gishobora gutera ingaruka mbi za sleeve gastrectomy?

Kimwe n'ubundi bwoko bwose bwo kubagwa bukomeye, sleeve gastrectomy ifite ibyago bimwe, nubwo ingaruka zikomeye zitaba kenshi iyo zikorwa n'abaganga bafite uburambe. Kumva ibi byago bifasha gufata icyemezo gifitiye akamaro niba kubagwa ari byiza kuri wewe.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byawe by'ingaruka:

• BMI iri hejuru cyane (irenze 50) cyangwa umubyibuho ukabije
• Kubagwa kwabanjirije mu nda bishobora kuba byarateje imitsi y'ibikomere
• Umunywa itabi, bigabanya gukira kandi bikongera ibyago byo kwandura
• Diabetes cyangwa izindi ndwara zidakira
• Kugira ibibazo byo guhumeka cyangwa ibindi bibazo byo guhumeka
• Indwara z'umutima cyangwa ibibazo byo gupfuka amaraso
• Imyaka irenze 65, nubwo kubagwa bishobora kuba byiza niba bikozwe neza

Itsinda ry'abaganga bazakora isuzuma ryitonze ry'ibi bintu mbere yo kubagwa. Bashobora kugusaba gukemura ibibazo bimwe na bimwe, nko kureka itabi cyangwa kunoza uburyo urwanya diyabete, mbere yo gukomeza kubagwa.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa no kubagwa kwa sleeve gastrectomy?

Nubwo kubagwa kwa sleeve gastrectomy muri rusange bifite umutekano, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa ingaruka zishobora kubaho kugirango umenye ibimenyetso byo kwitondera kandi usabe ubufasha niba bibaye ngombwa. Abantu benshi ntibagira ingaruka zikomeye, ariko kumenyeshwa bifasha gufata ibyemezo byiza ku bijyanye n'ubuvuzi bwawe.

Ingaruka zikiri kare zishobora kubaho mu byumweru bike bya mbere zirimo:

• Amara ava ahantu habagiriweho, bishobora gusaba ubuvuzi bwiyongera
• Udukoko ahantu hakorewe ibikomere cyangwa imbere mu nda
• Umuvuduko uva ku murongo w'ibikoresho aho igifu cyawe cyaciwe kandi kigahomwa
• Amaraso mu maguru cyangwa mu muhaha, niyo mpamvu gukora imyitozo hakiri kare bishishikarizwa
• Uko umubiri witwara ku muti wo gutera urugimbu, nubwo ibi biba gake

Ingaruka zirambye ntizikunze kubaho ariko zirimo:

• Kugabanuka cyangwa kugabanuka kw'igifu bishobora gusaba gukora imyitozo yo gukwirakwiza
• Indwara ya gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) cyangwa koroshya reflux ihari
• Kutagira intungamubiri niba udakoresha imiti yongera intungamubiri buri gihe
• Ibisebe byo mu gifu bitewe no kugabanya ibiro vuba
• Uruhu rworoshye rushobora gusaba kubagwa

Ingaruka nyinshi zirashobora kuvurwa neza iyo zamenyekanye hakiri kare. Ibi nibyo gutuma gukurikiranwa n'ikipe yawe y'ubuzima buri gihe ari ngombwa kugirango ugire ubuzima bwiza n'ubuzima burambye.

Nkwiriye kubona umuganga ryari nyuma yo kubagwa kwa sleeve gastrectomy?

Ubuvuzi buhoraho ni ingenzi nyuma yo kubagwa kwa sleeve gastrectomy, ariko kandi ugomba kumenya igihe cyo gushaka ubuvuzi bwihutirwa. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuzima rizagena gahunda y'amasaha asanzwe, ariko ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bisaba isuzuma ryihutirwa.

Vugana na muganga wawe ako kanya niba wumva:

• Urubavu rukaze rudakira n'ikiruhuko
• Kuruka guhoraho kukubuza kunywa amazi
• Ibimenyetso by'ubwandu nk'umuriro, imbeho, cyangwa umutuku hafi y'ibice byakoreweho ibikorwa
• Urubavu rwo mu gituza cyangwa guhumeka bigoye
• Ukuboko kubyimba cyangwa kuribwa bishobora kwerekana amaraso yiziritse
• Kutabasha kurya cyangwa kunywa ikintu icyo aricyo cyose mu masaha arenga 24

Ugomba kandi kuvugana n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi niba ubona ibimenyetso by'ibibazo by'imirire. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo umunaniro udasanzwe, umusatsi ugenda, inzara zicika, cyangwa impinduka mu myifatire yawe cyangwa urwibutso. Ibizamini by'amaraso bisanzwe bishobora gufata ibi bibazo hakiri kare, ariko ibyo wibonera nawe ni ingenzi.

Ntugashidikanye kuvugana n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi niba ufite impungenge, n'iyo zisa nk'izoroheje. Kwinjira hakiri kare birashobora gukumira ibibazo bito kuba binini.

Ibikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye na sleeve gastrectomy

Q1: Ese sleeve gastrectomy ifite akamaro mu gihe kirekire cyo kugabanya ibiro?

Yego, sleeve gastrectomy ifite akamaro kanini mu gihe kirekire cyo kugabanya ibiro iyo ihujwe n'imibereho ihinduka. Abantu benshi bagumana igabanuka ry'ibiro rifatika nyuma y'imyaka 5-10 nyuma yo kubagwa, akenshi bakagabanya 50-60% by'ibiro byabo byinshi.

Urufunguzo rwo kugera ku ntsinzi mu gihe kirekire ni ukurikiza amabwiriza yo kurya, gukomeza gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, no gukomeza kwitabwaho buri gihe. Nubwo abantu bamwe bashobora kongera ibiro nyuma y'igihe, abenshi bagumana igabanuka ry'ibiro rifatika rinozwa ubuzima bwabo n'imibereho myiza.

Q2: Ese nzagomba gufata vitamine ubuzima bwanjye bwose?

Yego, uzakenera gufata vitamine n'imyunyungugu mu buzima bwawe nyuma ya sleeve gastrectomy. Igifu cyawe gito cyinjiza intungamubiri mu buryo butandukanye, kandi uzaba urya ibiryo bike cyane muri rusange, bigatuma bigorana kubona intungamubiri zose ukeneye mu biryo gusa.

Itsinda ryawe rishinzwe ubuzima rizagusaba ibiyobyabwenge byihariye, akenshi birimo imiti ifite vitamine nyinshi, vitamine B12, vitamine D, kalisiyumu, na fer. Ibizamini by'amaraso bisanzwe bizafasha gukurikirana urwego rw'intungamubiri zawe no guhindura imiti nk'uko bikwiye.

Q3: Nshobora gutwita nyuma yo kubagwa sleeve gastrectomy?

Yego, urashobora kugira inda nziza nyuma yo kubagwa sleeve gastrectomy, kandi abagore benshi basanga byoroshye gusama nyuma yo gutakaza ibiro. Ariko, ni ngombwa gutegereza byibuze amezi 12-18 nyuma yo kubagwa mbere yo kugerageza gutwita kugirango wemeze ko ibiro byawe byoroheje.

Mugihe utwite, uzakenera gukurikiranwa hafi na muganga wawe w'abagore ndetse n'ikipe yawe ya bariatric kugirango wemeze ko urimo kubona intungamubiri zikwiye. Abagore bamwe bashobora gukenera guhindura imiti yabo ya vitamine cyangwa gahunda yo kurya mugihe batwite.

Q4: Ni ibiryo ki nkwiriye kwirinda nyuma yo kubagwa sleeve gastrectomy?

Uzakenera kwirinda ibiryo bimwe na bimwe bishobora gutera kutumva neza cyangwa kubangamira intego zawe zo gutakaza ibiro. Ibiryo n'ibinyobwa birimo isukari nyinshi bishobora gutera syndrome yo guta, bigatuma isesemi, kuribwa, na diyare.

Ibiryo byo kugabanya cyangwa kwirinda birimo ibinyobwa birimo isukari, amaswiti, ibiryo bikaranze, inyama zikomeye zigoye guhekenya, n'ibinyobwa bifite karubone. Umuganga wawe w'imirire azatanga urutonde rwuzuye kandi agufashe gutegura amafunguro akora neza n'urugero rushya rw'igifu cyawe.

Q5: Sleeve gastrectomy irahinduka?

Oya, sleeve gastrectomy ntabwo ihinduka kuko igice cyakuwe mu gifu cyawe gikurwaho burundu mugihe cyo kubagwa. Ibi nibyo bituma ari ngombwa kwitanga rwose ku mpinduka z'imibereho zisabwa kugirango ugere ku ntsinzi.

Ariko, niba hari ibibazo bivutse cyangwa niba utagera ku gutakaza ibiro bihagije, sleeve rimwe na rimwe irashobora guhindurwa mu zindi miterere yo kubagwa bariatric, nka gastric bypass. Umuganga wawe ushinzwe kubaga ashobora kuganira kuri izi nzira niba bikenewe, nubwo abantu benshi babaho neza hamwe na sleeve gastrectomy yabo igihe kirekire.