Ni Ibihe Bisanzwe Byo Kureka Itabi? Intego, Gahunda & Uburyo Bwo Gushyigikira

Ibikorwa byo kureka itabi ni gahunda z'umwuga zagenewe kugufasha kureka itabi burundu. Izi serivisi zihuza ubumenyi bwa muganga, ubufasha mu myitwarire, n'uburyo bwemejwe kugirango urugendo rwawe rwo kureka rube rworoshye kandi rugende neza.

Tekereza kuri izi serivisi nk'ikipe yawe bwite yo kureka itabi. Bazi ko kwikura mu burozi bwa nicotine bisaba byinshi uretse gusa ubushake. Uzabona abajyanama, imiti, n'ubufasha buhoraho bujyanye n'ibyo ukeneye byihariye n'uburyo unywa itabi.

Ni iki gisanzwe cyo kureka itabi?

Ibikorwa byo kureka itabi ni gahunda zikubiyemo zitanga ubuyobozi n'ubufasha bw'umwuga kugirango zifashe abantu kureka gukoresha itabi. Izi serivisi zikunze gukubiyemo inama ku muntu ku giti cye, inama mu matsinda, imicungire y'imiti, n'ubuvuzi bukurikira.

Gahunda nyinshi ziyoborwa n'inzobere zitojwe mu kuvura itabi zifite ubushobozi bwo gusobanukirwa imbogamizi z'umubiri n'iz'imyitwarire zo kureka. Bakorana nawe kugirango bakore gahunda yawe yo kureka yihariye ikemura ibikurura byawe byihariye, imigenzo, n'impungenge.

Izi serivisi ziboneka binyuze mu buryo butandukanye harimo ibitaro, ibigo by'ubuzima by'abaturage, umurongo wa terefone wo kureka, imbuga za interineti, n'amavuriro yihariye yo kuvura itabi. Gahunda nyinshi z'ubwishingizi zishyura izi serivisi, zikazikora zikagera ku bantu baturuka mu nzego zose.

Kuki ibikorwa byo kureka itabi byemezwa?

Ibikorwa by'umwuga byo kureka itabi byongera cyane amahirwe yawe yo kureka itabi neza. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko abantu bakoresha izi serivisi bafite amahirwe yo kureka neza inshuro ebyiri cyangwa eshatu ugereranije n'abagerageza kureka bonyine.

Uburozi bwa nicotine bugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ubwonko bwawe n'imikorere yawe ya buri munsi. Izi serivisi zikemura ibintu byombi zitanga imiti yoroshya ibimenyetso byo gukurwaho no gutanga inama bifasha guteza imbere uburyo bushya bwo guhangana.

Ubufasha buhoraho ni ingenzi cyane kuko abantu benshi bagerageza kureka itabi inshuro nyinshi mbere yo kubishobora burundu. Kugira ikipe y'inzobere ikuri iruhande bivuze ko ntuzatangira bundi bushya buri gihe ugerageza kureka.

Ni izihe gahunda zihari zinyuzwa mu rwego rwo gufasha abantu kureka itabi?

Uru rwego rufasha abantu kureka itabi rutanga gahunda nyinshi zihura n'ibyifuzo n'ibikenewe bitandukanye. Umujyanama ku giti cye atanga ubufasha umuntu ku giti cye aho ukorana n'umujyanama kugira ngo utegure gahunda yawe yo kureka itabi.

Gahunda z'amatsinda zihuza abantu bose bakora kugira ngo bareke kunywa itabi. Izi nama zitanga ubufasha buva ku bandi kandi bikagufasha kwiga ku bandi basobanukirwa neza icyo urimo kunyuramo.

Dore ubwoko bw'ingenzi bwa gahunda usanzwe usanga:

• Inama z'umuntu ku giti cye (mu buryo bw'umubiri cyangwa kuri telefoni)
• Inama z'amatsinda yo gufashanya n'amasomo
• Gahunda za interineti na porogaramu zifite ibikoresho bifatika
• Gahunda zo gufashanya zinyuze mu butumwa bugufi
• Serivisi za Quitline zifite inama kuri telefoni
• Gahunda zo kureka itabi ahakorerwa
• Gahunda zihariye ku bagore batwite
• Gahunda zibanda ku rubyiruko rw'abangavu

Serivisi nyinshi zitanga kandi gahunda zihariye ku bantu bafite ibibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, abakoresha ubwoko bwinshi bw'itabi, cyangwa abantu bagerageje kureka inshuro nyinshi mbere.

Witegura ute serivisi zo kureka itabi?

Kwitegura serivisi zo kureka itabi bikubiyemo gukusanya amakuru yerekeye imyifatire yawe yo kunywa itabi no gushyiraho ibyiringiro bifatika. Tangira wandika agahigo ko kunywa itabi mu minsi mike kugira ngo ukurikirane igihe, ahantu, n'impamvu unywa itabi.

Andika impamvu ushaka kureka n'impungenge zose ufite ku bijyanye n'inzira. Aya makuru afasha umujyanama wawe gusobanukirwa icyo ushaka n'inzitizi zishoboka.

Dore icyo wategura mbere yo guhura kwawe kwa mbere:

• Urutonde rw'ibicuruzwa byose by'itabi ukoresha ubu
• Amakuru yerekeye ubushake bwawe bwo kureka itabi mbere na mbere n'icyabaye
• Uburyo unywa itabi buri munsi n'ibigutera kubikora
• Imiti yose urimo gufata ubu
• Ibibazo bijyanye n'ibimenyetso byo kuva ku itabi cyangwa imiti yo kureka itabi
• Ubufasha ufite mu rugo no ku kazi
• Amakuru yerekeye ubwishingizi n'ibisobanuro by'ubwishingizi

Ntugire impungenge zo kuba utarategura ibintu byose mbere y'igihe. Intego y'izi serivisi ni ukugufasha gukemura ibibazo no gukora gahunda ijyanye n'ubuzima bwawe.

Ni gute serivisi zo kureka itabi zikora?

Serivisi zo kureka itabi zikunze gutangira no kugenzura aho umujyanama wawe amenyera amateka yawe yo kunywa itabi, ubushake bwawe bwo kureka itabi mbere na mbere, n'intego zawe bwite. Ibi bibafasha gutanga inama zikwiye zo guhuza inama n'imiti.

Mugihe cy'inama, uzakora ku kumenya ibigutera kunywa itabi no gukora ingamba zo kubikemura mu buryo butandukanye. Umujyanama wawe azakwigisha uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo byo kwifuza itabi no guhangana n'umunaniro utarimo itabi.

Igice cy'imiti gishobora gukubiyemo uburyo bwo gusimbuza nicotine nka patch cyangwa gum, cyangwa imiti yandikirwa na muganga igabanya kwifuza itabi n'ibimenyetso byo kuva ku itabi. Umuganga wawe azagufasha kumenya uburyo bwiza kandi bufite akamaro kuri wowe.

Gukurikiranwa ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'inzira. Serivisi nyinshi zitanga uburyo bwo kugenzura buri gihembwe nyuma y'itariki yo kureka itabi kugirango bagufashe kuguma ku murongo no gukemura imbogamizi zose zigaragara.

Wakora iki kugirango ubone serivisi yo kureka itabi ikwiriye?

Kubona serivisi yo kureka itabi ikwiriye biterwa n'ibyo ukunda, gahunda yawe, n'uburyo bwo gufashwa wumva bukoroheye. Abantu bamwe bakunda ibanga ryo kuganira ku giti cyabo, mugihe abandi bakora neza mu matsinda.

Tangira usaba umuganga wawe ibitekerezo cyangwa urebe niba kompanyi yawe y'ubwishingizi itanga serivisi zishyurwa. Gahunda nyinshi z'ubwishingizi bw'ubuzima zigomba gutanga gahunda zo kureka itabi ku buntu.

Zirikana ibi bintu mugihe uhitamo serivisi:

• Aho serivisi ziherereye n'uburyo bworoshye bwo guhura
• Niba ukunda guhura imbonankubone cyangwa kuri terefone/online
• Igiciro n'ubwishingizi
• Uburyo bwo guhura nimugoroba cyangwa mu mpera z'icyumweru
• Uburambe n'ibibazo byawe byihariye (gutwita, ubuzima bwo mumutwe, nibindi.)
• Indimi abajyanama bavuga
• Ubugufi n'imbaraga za gahunda

Serivisi nyinshi zitanga inama y'ubuntu aho ushobora kubaza ibibazo ukareba niba gahunda yumvikana neza mbere yo kwemeza.

Ni imiti ki iboneka binyuze muri serivisi zo kureka itabi?

Serivisi zo kureka itabi zishobora gutanga uburyo bwo kubona imiti myinshi yemejwe na FDA ifasha kugabanya inyota n'ibimenyetso byo gukurwaho. Iyi miti ikora isimbura nicotine umubiri wawe wamenyereye cyangwa ihindura uburyo ubwonko bwawe bwakira nicotine.

Ubuvuzi bwo gusimbuza nicotine buza muburyo butandukanye burimo ibishishwa, chingamu, amabuye, spray yo mumazuru, na inhalers. Ibi bicuruzwa bitanga nicotine ifite ubugenzuzi nta mikemikali yangiza iboneka mumyotsi y'itabi.

Imiti yandikwa nka varenicline (Chantix) na bupropion (Zyban) ikora muburyo butandukanye mugukora kumikemikali yo mubwonko igira uruhare mukubata kuri nicotine. Ibi bisaba urwandiko rwa muganga no gukurikiranwa.

Umuvuzi wawe w'ubuzima azatekereza amateka yawe y'ubuzima, uburyo bwo kunywa itabi, n'indi miti yose ufata mugihe asaba uburyo bwiza kuri wewe. Abantu bamwe bakoresha uruvange rwimiti kugirango babone ibisubizo byiza.

Ni izihe nyungu zo gukoresha serivisi zo kureka itabi?

Serivisi z'umwuga zo kureka itabi zitanga ubufasha bwateguwe bugamije guhangana n'ubujiji bwo mu mubiri bwa nicotine ndetse n'imyitwarire ijyanye no kunywa itabi. Ubu buryo bwuzuye butuma amahirwe yawe yo gutsinda mu gihe kirekire yiyongera cyane.

Kugira umujyanama watojwe bivuze ko utari wenyine mu rugendo rwo kureka itabi. Bashobora kugufasha gukemura imbogamizi, kwishimira intambwe wateye, no guhindura gahunda yawe niba hari ikitagenda neza.

Inyungu nyamukuru zirimo:

• Amahiri yo gutsinda yiyongera ugereranije no kureka wenyine
• Uburyo bwo kubona imiti n'ubuvuzi byemejwe
• Gahunda zo kureka itabi zigenewe wowe ku giti cyawe zishingiye ku byo ukeneye
• Ubufasha buhoraho mu gihe cyo kureka itabi
• Uburyo bwo kwirinda gusubira mu kunywa itabi
• Ubufasha mu gucunga ibimenyetso byo gukurwaho kw'itabi
• Ubufasha mu gihe ugerageje kureka itabi inshuro nyinshi niba bibaye ngombwa

Abantu benshi kandi basanga kugira ubufasha bw'umwuga bigabanya umunabi n'ihungabana bikunze kujyana no kugerageza kureka itabi.

Mbese ni izihe mbogamizi ushobora guhura nazo hamwe na serivisi zo kureka itabi?

Abantu bamwe basanga bigoye gutangaza imyitwarire yabo yo kunywa itabi cyangwa kugerageza kureka itabi byananiranye mbere. Wibuke ko abajyanama bahari kugira ngo bagufashe, atari ukugucira urubanza, kandi bumvise byose mbere.

Guteganya gahunda rimwe na rimwe birashobora kugorana, cyane cyane niba ukora mu masaha asanzwe y'akazi. Serivisi nyinshi ubu zitanga gahunda zihinduka, zirimo amasaha ya nimugoroba n'impera z'icyumweru, kugira ngo zihuzwe n'amasaha atandukanye.

Imbogamizi zisanzwe zirimo:

• Kumva ufite isoni kubera kugerageza kureka itabi byabananiye mbere
• Impungenge zerekeye ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti
• Kugorwa no gushyira gahunda mu masaha yawe
• Kwiganyira ku bijyanye n'ikiguzi cya serivisi
• Gushidikanya niba gahunda izakora
• Umuryango cyangwa inshuti zitashyigikira icyifuzo cyawe cyo kureka itabi

Ibyo bibazo byinshi bishobora gukemurwa muganira nabyo mu buryo bweruye n'umujyanama wawe. Bashobora kugufasha gushaka ibisubizo bikora neza kubibazo byawe byihariye.

Ni ryari wagombye gutekereza ku bikorwa byo kureka itabi?

Wagombye gutekereza ku bikorwa byo kureka itabi igihe cyose utekereza kureka itabi, yaba ari ubwa mbere ugerageza cyangwa waba waragerageje mbere. Nta gihe "cyiza" gihari uretse igihe witeguye gukora icyemezo.

Ibi bikorwa bifasha cyane niba waragerageje kureka wenyine ntugire icyo ugeraho, cyangwa niba ufite impungenge zo gucunga ibimenyetso byo kuva ku itabi. Bifite kandi akamaro kanini niba ufite indwara zituma kureka itabi ari ngombwa cyane.

Tekereza kuvugana n'ibikorwa byo kureka itabi niba:

• Ushaka kureka ariko ntuzi aho uhera
• Wagerageje kureka mbere ariko ntugire icyo ugeraho
• Ufite impungenge z'ibimenyetso byo kuva ku itabi
• Ufite indwara zongerwa n'itabi
• Umutware cyangwa uteganya kuzabyara
• Ushaka kureka ariko ukumva uremererwa n'inzira
• Ukeneye ubufasha bwo guhangana n'umunabi utanywa itabi

Wibuke ko ntarengwa yo kureka itabi, kandi ibi bikorwa byateguwe kugirango bigusange aho uri murugendo rwawe rwo kureka.

Ibikoresho bibazwa kenshi kubyerekeye ibikorwa byo kureka itabi

Q.1 Ese ibikorwa byo kureka itabi bifitiye akamaro abanywi b'itabi cyane?

Yego, ibikorwa byo kureka itabi bishobora kugira akamaro kanini kubanywi b'itabi cyane. Mubyukuri, abantu banywa itabi ryinshi kumunsi akenshi bavana inyungu nyinshi kubufasha bw'umwuga kuko akenshi bahura n'ibimenyetso byo kuva ku itabi bikomeye kandi bafite gukenera cyane nicotine.

Abanywi b'itabi cyane bashobora gukenera ibihe byo kuvurwa birebire hamwe n'ubuvuzi buhuriweho, ariko ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko hamwe n'ubufasha bukwiye n'imiti, ndetse nabantu banywa amapaki menshi kumunsi bashobora kureka neza.

Q.2 Ese ibikorwa byo kureka itabi bikora kubantu bagerageje kureka inshuro nyinshi?

Rwose. Igerageza ryo kureka itabi inshuro nyinshi ni ibisanzwe rwose kandi ntibisobanura ko udashobora gutsinda. Abantu benshi bafata icyemezo cyo kureka burundu bagerageje inshuro nyinshi mbere yo gutsinda.

Porogaramu zo gufasha abantu kureka itabi zifitiye akamaro kanini abantu bagerageje kureka inshuro nyinshi kuko abajyanama bashobora kugufasha kwiga ku byabaye mbere no gukora ingamba nshya zikemura ibitarakundaga mbere.

Q.3 Ese hari porogaramu zo gufasha abantu kureka itabi ku bantu bafite ibibazo byo mu mutwe?

Yego, porogaramu nyinshi zo gufasha abantu kureka itabi zitanga porogaramu zihariye ku bantu bafite ibibazo byo mu mutwe nk'agahinda gakabije, guhangayika, cyangwa indwara ya bipolar. Izi porogaramu zirasobanukirwa ko nicotine akenshi ikoreshwa nk'uburyo bwo gucunga ibimenyetso by'imitekerereze.

Izi porogaramu zihariye zikorana bya hafi n'umuganga wawe w'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe kugira ngo zemeze ko kureka itabi bitabangamira imiti yawe y'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe kandi zishobora guhindura imiti uko bikwiye.

Q.4 Ese porogaramu zo gufasha abantu kureka itabi zimara igihe kingana iki?

Porogaramu nyinshi zo gufasha abantu kureka itabi zitanga ubufasha bukora mu byumweru bigera kuri 8-12, nubwo ibi bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'ibyo ukeneye na porogaramu yihariye. Zimwe muri izi porogaramu zitanga ubufasha bukurikira kugeza ku mwaka umwe nyuma y'itariki yo kureka.

Icyiciro gikomeye gikunze kumara ibyumweru 4-8 hafi y'itariki yo kureka, gikurikirwa no kugenzura kenshi kugira ngo bifashe kwirinda gusubira inyuma no gukemura imbogamizi zikomeje.

Q.5 Ese abagize umuryango bashobora kwitabira porogaramu zo gufasha abantu kureka itabi?

Porogaramu nyinshi zo gufasha abantu kureka itabi zishimira uruhare rw'umuryango ndetse zimwe zikanatanga porogaramu zihariye ku miryango. Kugira abagize umuryango bagushyigikira bishobora kuzamura cyane amahirwe yawe yo gutsinda.

Uruhare rw'umuryango rushobora kuba rurimo kwigishwa uburyo bwo gutanga ubufasha, gusobanukirwa ibimenyetso byo gukurwaho, no gushyiraho ibidukikije bitarimo itabi mu rugo. Zimwe muri izi porogaramu zitanga inama z'umuryango kugira ngo zikemure impungenge kandi zinoze imibanire.