Ni iki cyitwa isesengura ry'inkari? Impamvu, uburyo bwo gukora & Ibisubizo

Isesengura ry'inkari ni isuzuma ry'inkari ryoroshye rifasha muganga wawe kureba ubuzima bwawe muri rusange no kumenya ibibazo bishobora kuvuka hakiri kare. Bitekereze nk'idirishya rifasha kureba ibiri kuba imbere mu mubiri wawe - inkari zawe zishobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso by'ingenzi ku birebana n'impyiko zawe, uruhago, n'izindi ngingo.

Iri suzuma risanzwe rigenzura ibara, isuku, n'imikorere ya chimique y'icyitegererezo cy'inkari zawe. Abantu benshi bazakorwa isesengura ry'inkari igihe runaka, haba mugihe cyo kugenzura ubuzima busanzwe cyangwa mugihe cyo gukora iperereza ku bimenyetso byihariye.

Isesengura ry'inkari ni iki?

Isesengura ry'inkari ni isuzuma ryo muri laboratoire risuzuma inkari zawe kugirango rimenye kandi rigere ku bintu bitandukanye umubiri wawe ukora cyangwa ukuramo. Impyiko zawe zungurura imyanda iva mu maraso yawe, kandi ibi bintu byungururwa bigera mu nkari zawe hamwe n'amazi arenze.

Isuzuma rirareba ibintu bitatu by'ingenzi by'inkari zawe. Icya mbere, rigenzura imiterere y'umubiri nk'ibara n'isuku. Icya kabiri, rigera ku bintu bya chimique nk'ibinyabutabire, glucose, n'uturemangingo tw'amaraso. Icya gatatu, rigenzura ibintu byose bya mikorosikopi nk'agakoko cyangwa amabuye ashobora kuba ahari.

Abaganga bakoresha aya makuru kugirango bamenye uko impyiko zawe n'inzira y'inkari bikora neza. Ni rimwe mu masuzuma ya mbere ategetswe mu buvuzi kuko yihuta, ntibabaza, kandi atanga ubumenyi bw'ingenzi ku buzima.

Kuki isesengura ry'inkari rikoreshwa?

Muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka isesengura ry'inkari kubera impamvu nyinshi z'ingenzi, kandi kumva ibi bishobora kugufasha gutuza. Muri rusange, ni igice cyo kugenzura ubuzima bwawe busanzwe kugirango umenye ibibazo bishobora kuvuka mbere yuko biba ibibazo bikomeye.

Isuzuma rikora nk'igikoresho cyiza cyo kumenya indwara mugihe ufite ibimenyetso runaka. Niba ufite ububabare mugihe unyara, kunyara kenshi, amaraso mu nkari zawe, cyangwa kubabara mu mugongo, isesengura ry'inkari rishobora gufasha kumenya icyateye icyo kibazo.

Abaganga bakoresha kandi iyi test kugira ngo bakurikirane indwara zisanzwe. Niba urwaye diyabete, indwara y'impyiko, cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, isesengura ry'inkari risanzwe rifasha kumenya uko imiti yawe ikora neza kandi niba hari ibikenewe guhindurwa.

Byongeye kandi, isesengura ry'inkari akenshi rirakenewe mbere yo kubagwa cyangwa mugihe utwite kugirango hamenyekane uko ubuzima bwawe muri rusange buhagaze. Rikoreshwa kandi mugusuzuma ubuzima ahakorerwa akazi cyangwa mugihe usaba ubwishingizi bw'ubwoko runaka.

Ni iki gikorerwa mugusesengura inkari?

Uburyo bwo gusesengura inkari buroroshye kandi busaba iminota mike gusa y'igihe cyawe. Uzasabwa gutanga icyitegererezo cy'inkari mumwanya wera, laboratoire ikazakora isesengura.

Muri rusange, uzakusanya icyitwa

Ariko, hari ibintu bike bishobora gufasha kugira ngo ibisubizo bibe byiza. Niba bishoboka, gerageza gutanga icyitegererezo cyawe utaranyara byibura isaha imwe. Ibi bituma inkari zawe zibasha kwibanda, ibyo bishobora koroshya kumenya ibintu bimwe na bimwe.

Muganga wawe ashobora kukubwira kwirinda imiti cyangwa ibiryo bimwe na bimwe mbere yo gupimwa, ariko ibi ntibisaba buri gihe. Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bisubizo byawe birimo:

• Ifumbire ya Vitamin C (ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bipimo bya glucose)
• Imiti yica mikorobe imwe na rimwe
• Imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso
• Ibiryo nk'ibiti by'amashaza cyangwa amaberi (bishobora guhindura ibara ry'inkari)

Niba uri mu gihe cy'imihango, bimenyeshe umuganga wawe, kuko ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bisubizo. Bashobora kugusaba gutegereza cyangwa bazasobanura ibisubizo bafite iyi makuru mu mutwe.

Icya mbere, ntugahagarike kunywa amazi menshi cyangwa kubuza amazi keretse ubitegetswe. Urwego rwawe rusanzwe rwo kunywa amazi ruzatanga ishusho nyayo y'ubuzima bwawe.

Ni gute usoma ibisubizo byawe byo gupima inkari?

Kumva ibisubizo byawe byo gupima inkari ntibisaba kuremererwa, kandi umuganga wawe azahora asobanura icyo ibyavuyeho bisobanuye ku miterere yawe yihariye. Raporo ikunze gushyiramo ibipimo bitandukanye n'ibyo bagenzuye.

Isuzuma ry'umubiri rirareba ibara, umucyo, n'impumuro. Inkari zisanzwe zikunze kuba umuhondo waka cyane kugeza ku ibara ry'umuhondo kandi zikaba zisa neza aho kuba ibicu. Umuhondo w'umwijima ushobora kwerekana ko wamaze amazi, naho amabara atukura cyangwa y'ubururu ashobora kwerekana amaraso cyangwa ibindi bintu.

Isesengura rya chimique ripima ibintu bitandukanye mu nkari zawe. Hano hari ibice by'ingenzi muganga wawe azareba:

• Urugero rwa poroteyine (mubisanzwe ruri hasi cyane cyangwa ntirugaragara)
• Glukose (mubisanzwe igomba kuba negative)
• Uturemangingo tw'amaraso (uduce duto dushobora kuba bisanzwe)
• Uturemangingo tw'amaraso yera (urugero ruri hejuru rushobora kwerekana icyorezo)
• Mikoro (kuboneka bishobora gutuma umuntu arwara indwara yo mu nzira y'inkari)
• Urugero rwa pH (pima uburyo inkari zawe zifite aside cyangwa zishingiye kuri alkali)

Isuzuma rito rishakisha uturemangingo, amabuye, cyangwa ibindi bice. Uduce duto tw'ibintu bimwe na bimwe akenshi ni ibisanzwe, ariko urugero ruri hejuru rushobora kwerekana ibibazo bitandukanye muganga wawe ashobora gufasha gukemura.

Wibuke ko ibisubizo bidasanzwe bitavuga ko ufite ikibazo gikomeye. Ibintu byinshi birashobora guhindura inkari zawe by'agateganyo, kandi umuganga wawe azatekereza ishusho rusange y'ubuzima bwawe mugihe asobanura ibisubizo.

Ni gute wakongera ibisubizo byawe byo gusuzuma inkari?

Niba isuzuma ry'inkari yawe ryerekana ibintu bidasanzwe, akenshi hari intambwe zoroshye ushobora gufata kugirango utunganye ibisubizo byawe kandi ushyigikire ubuzima bwawe bw'inkari. Inkuru nziza nuko ibibazo byinshi by'inkari byitabira neza impinduka z'imibereho.

Kuguma ufite amazi ahagije ni kimwe mubintu byingenzi ushobora gukora. Kunywa amazi ahagije bifasha gukaraba mikoro mumubiri wawe w'inkari kandi bigatuma ibintu bishobora gukora amabuye cyangwa amabuye. Gushaka inkari zisa neza cyangwa umuhondo woroshye nk'ikimenyetso cyo kunywa amazi neza.

Imirire yawe nayo irashobora gutuma habaho itandukaniro rinini. Tekereza kuri izi mpinduka zifasha mu mirire:

• Kugabanya umunyu kugirango worohereze akazi k'impyiko
• Kugabanya ibiryo byatunganyirijwe cyane n'isukari yongerewe
• Gushyiramo umutobe wa cranberry cyangwa ibyongerera (bishobora gufasha kwirinda UTIs)
• Kurya imbuto nyinshi n'imboga kubera antioxidants bisanzwe
• Kugabanya poroteyine niba ufite impungenge z'impyiko

Imyitozo myiza y'isuku ni ngombwa mugukumira indwara. Uhora usukura uhereye imbere ujya inyuma, unyara nyuma yimibonano mpuzabitsina, kandi wirinde gufata inkari zawe igihe kirekire.

Niba urwaye diyabete, kugenzura isukari mu maraso neza ni ingenzi mu kurinda impyiko zawe no kunoza ibisubizo bya urinalysis. Kora cyane n'ikipe yawe y'ubuzima kugira ngo unoze imicungire ya diyabete yawe.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kugira ibisubizo bidasanzwe bya urinalysis?

Ibintu bitandukanye bishobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo kugira ibisubizo bidasanzwe bya urinalysis, ariko gusobanukirwa n'ibi byago birashobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zo kubirinda. Byinshi muri ibi bintu byongera ibyago bishobora gucungwa neza bitewe n'ubwitange n'ubuvuzi bukwiriye.

Imyaka igira uruhare, kuko imikorere y'impyiko igabanuka mu buryo busanzwe uko tugenda dusaza. Abagore bakunda kurwara indwara ziterwa n'inkari kubera imitsi yabo migufi y'inkari, bituma mikorobe zigera byoroshye mu mpyisi.

Indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora kugira ingaruka ku bisubizo byawe bya urinalysis. Izi ndwara zisanzwe zikwiye kwitabwaho by'umwihariko:

• Diyabete (ishobora gutera glucose na poroteyine mu nkari)
• Umubyibuho ukabije (ushobora kwangiza impyiko uko igihe kigenda)
• Indwara y'impyiko cyangwa amateka y'umuryango y'ibibazo by'impyiko
• Indwara ziterwa n'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri nka lupus
• Indwara ziterwa n'inkari zikunze kugaragara
• Prostate yagutse ku bagabo

Ibintu by'imibereho na byo bishobora kugira uruhare ku bisubizo byawe. Kumva umubiri wawe wumye, kurya poroteyine nyinshi, imyitozo ikabije, n'imiti imwe na rimwe bishobora guhindura by'agateganyo imiterere y'inkari zawe.

Gusama bihindura imiterere y'inkari mu buryo busanzwe, kandi abagore batwite bakurikiranwa cyane ku rwego rwa poroteyine na glucose. Kugira amateka y'umuryango y'indwara y'impyiko cyangwa diyabete nabyo byongera ibyago byawe byo kugira ibisubizo bidasanzwe.

Inkuru ishimishije ni uko byinshi muri ibi bintu byongera ibyago bishobora gucungwa binyuze mu buvuzi busanzwe, guhitamo imibereho myiza, no gukora intervensiyo hakiri kare iyo ibibazo byagaragaye.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishoboka z'ibisubizo bidasanzwe bya urinalysis?

Nubwo ibisubizo bidasanzwe byo gupima inkari bishobora guhangayikisha, ni ngombwa kumva ko ibintu byinshi bivurwa, cyane cyane iyo byamenyekanye hakiri kare. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ugukorana n'umuganga wawe kugira ngo ukemure ibibazo byose vuba.

Uburwayi bwo mu nzira y'inkari butavuwe bushobora gukwirakwira mu mpyiko zawe, bigatera ibibazo bikomeye. Ariko, uburwayi bwinshi bwo mu nzira y'inkari buvurwa vuba n'imiti iboneye ya antibiyotike, kandi ibibazo biraboneka iyo indwara zivuwe vuba.

Poroteyine idahinduka mu nkari zawe ishobora kwerekana ko impyiko zangiritse zishobora kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda, niba bitavuzwe. Ibi nibyo bituma gukurikiranira hafi abantu barwaye diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi ari ingenzi.

Ibice bimwe na bimwe abaganga bakora kugira ngo birinde birimo:

• Uburwayi bw'impyiko (pyelonephritis) buturutse ku burwayi bwo mu nzira y'inkari butavuzwe
• Uburwayi bw'impyiko bukomeza buturutse kuri diyabete itagenzurwa cyangwa umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi
• Amabuye yo mu mpyiko aturutse ku mikorere y'ibice bimwe na bimwe bya kirisitali
• Sepsis iturutse ku ndwara zikomeye zitavuzwe (ntarengwa ariko ikomeye)

Amara mu nkari, nubwo akenshi atari ay'ubugome, rimwe na rimwe yerekana ibibazo bikomeye bisaba isuzuma ryihuse. Muganga wawe azemeza niba ibindi bizami bikwiye bishingiye ku miterere yawe yihariye.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane kwibuka ni uko kumenya hakiri kare binyuze mu gupima inkari byemerera kuvurwa hakiri kare, bikagabanya cyane ibyago byo kugira ibibazo. Gukurikiranira hafi buri gihe bifasha kumenya neza ko imiti yose ikora neza.

Ni ryari nkwiriye kubona umuganga ku bijyanye n'ibisubizo byo gupima inkari zanjye?

Ugomba kuvugana n'umuganga wawe igihe cyose ubonye ibisubizo bidasanzwe byo gupima inkari, ariko ntugahungabane – ibitagenda neza byinshi biravurwa byoroshye. Muganga wawe azagufasha kumenya niba icyakorwa ako kanya gikenewe cyangwa niba gukurikiranira hafi ari uburyo bwiza.

Shaka ubuvuzi vuba niba ubona ibimenyetso hamwe n'ibisubizo bidasanzwe. Ibi bimenyetso bikwiriye isuzuma ryihuse:

• Gushya cyangwa kubabara igihe cyo kunyara
• Gusaba kunyara kenshi kandi byihutirwa
• Amara agaragara mu nkari zawe
• Kubabara cyane umugongo cyangwa uruhande
• Urubore hamwe n'ibimenyetso byo mu nkari
• Inkari zidakora neza cyangwa zifite impumuro mbi

Niba urwaye diyabete cyangwa indwara y'impyiko, ibisubizo bidasanzwe byo gusuzuma inkari bigomba kuvuganwa n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi vuba na bwangu. Ibi bibazo bisaba gukurikiranwa cyane kugira ngo birinde ingorane.

Ku isuzuma risanzwe rifite ibisubizo bidasanzwe bike kandi nta bimenyetso, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gusubiramo isuzuma nyuma y'ibyumweru bike cyangwa amezi. Rimwe na rimwe, ibintu by'agateganyo nk'ubwumvikane cyangwa imyitozo iheruka bishobora gutera ibisubizo bidasanzwe.

Kwizera ibitekerezo byawe - niba hari ikintu kitameze neza ku buzima bwawe bw'inkari, buri gihe birakwiriye gushaka ubujyanama bw'ubuvuzi. Kwinjira hakiri kare akenshi bitera ibisubizo byiza n'umutuzo wo mu mutwe.

Ibikunze kubazwa ku isuzuma ry'inkari

Q.1 Ese isuzuma ry'inkari ni ryiza mu kumenya indwara y'impyiko?

Yego, isuzuma ry'inkari ni igikoresho cyiza cyo gupima indwara y'impyiko, cyane cyane mu ntangiriro zayo. Iri suzuma rishobora kumenya poroteyine, amaraso, n'ibindi bintu bishobora kugaragaza ibibazo by'impyiko mbere yo kugira ibimenyetso.

Poroteyine mu nkari zawe akenshi ni kimwe mu bimenyetso bya mbere byo kwangirika kw'impyiko. Impyiko zawe zisanzwe zigumisha poroteyine mu maraso yawe, bityo kubona ingano nini mu nkari zawe bigaragaza ko sisitemu yo gutunganya itagikora neza. Ibi bituma isuzuma ry'inkari rigirira akamaro abantu barwaye diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hejuru, bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara y'impyiko.

Q.2 Ese poroteyine nyinshi mu nkari buri gihe bisobanura indwara y'impyiko?

Oya, poroteyine nyinshi mu nkari ntibisobanura buri gihe indwara y'impyiko, nubwo ari ikintu muganga wawe azashaka gukora iperereza ryimbitse. Ibintu bitari bike by'agateganyo cyangwa ibibazo bidakomeye bishobora gutera poroteyine kugaragara mu nkari zawe.

Imyitozo ikabije, umuriro, umunabi, cyangwa no guhagarara igihe kirekire bishobora kongera igipimo cya poroteyine by'agateganyo. Kubura amazi mu mubiri, imiti imwe n'imwe, na infections zo mu nzira y'inkari nazo zishobora gutera poroteyine nyinshi. Ariko, kongera poroteyine mu buryo buhoraho mu bizami byinshi bisaba gupima neza imikorere y'impyiko no kuvurwa.

Q.3 Ese isesengura ry'inkari rishobora kugaragaza diyabete?

Isesengura ry'inkari rishobora gutanga ibimenyetso by'ingenzi kuri diyabete, cyane cyane niba urugero rw'isukari mu maraso ruri hejuru cyane. Iyo isukari yo mu maraso iba nyinshi cyane, impyiko zawe ntizishobora gusubiza isukari yose mu mubiri, ikajya mu nkari zawe.

Ariko, isesengura ry'inkari ryonyine ntirihagije kugirango rivumbure diyabete. Abantu benshi bafite diyabete yo mu ntangiriro cyangwa iyagenzurwa neza bafite urugero rusanzwe rw'isukari mu nkari. Muganga wawe azakenera ibizamini by'amaraso kugirango avumbure neza diyabete, ariko kubona isukari mu nkari zawe akenshi bitera ibi bizami byongereweho.

Q.4 Ni kangahe nkwiriye gukora isesengura ry'inkari?

Uburyo ukora isesengura ry'inkari biterwa n'imyaka yawe, uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze, n'ibintu bigushyira mu kaga. Ku bantu bakuru bafite ubuzima bwiza, isesengura ry'inkari akenshi rishyirwa mu bizami by'umubiri bya buri mwaka cyangwa iyo ibimenyetso bigaragara.

Niba ufite diyabete, indwara y'impyiko, cyangwa umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hejuru, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukora isesengura ry'inkari buri mezi 3-6 kugirango ukurikirane uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze. Abagore batwite akenshi bakora isesengura ry'inkari mu gihe cyose basuye muganga mbere yo kubyara. Umuganga wawe azagena gahunda nziza ishingiye ku byo umubiri wawe ukeneye n'ibintu bigushyira mu kaga.

Q.5 Ese imiti ishobora kugira ingaruka ku ngaruka z'isesengura ry'inkari?

Yego, imiti myinshi ishobora kugira ingaruka ku ngaruka z'isesengura ry'inkari, ariko ibi ntibisobanura ko ugomba kureka gufata imiti wandikiwe. Antibiotics zimwe na zimwe, imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso, ndetse n'ibyongerera imbaraga byo ku isoko bishobora guhindura by'agateganyo imiterere y'inkari zawe.

Buri gihe menyesha umuganga wawe ibijyanye n'imiti yose n'ibyongerera imbaraga urimo gufata mbere yo gukora ikizamini. Bashobora gusobanura ibisubizo byawe neza kandi bagasobanukirwa niba hari icyagaragaye gifitanye isano n'imiti ufata cyangwa kikerekana ikibazo cy'ubuzima gikeneye kwitabwaho.