Icyo Dextroamphetamine na Amphetamine ari cyo: Ibikoreshwa, Uburyo Bwo Gufata, Ingaruka Ziterwa n'Ibindi

Dextroamphetamine na amphetamine ni umuti wandikirwa na muganga uvanga imiti ibiri ituma umubiri ukanguka kugira ngo ifashe kuvura indwara yo kutagira ubushake bwo kwitaho (ADHD) na narcolepsy. Ushobora kumenya uyu muti neza ku izina rya Adderall, ryabaye rimwe mu miti ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura ibimenyetso bya ADHD ku bana no ku bantu bakuru.

Uyu muti ukora ku ngingo zimwe na zimwe mu bwonko bwawe zigira uruhare mu kwitaho, gushyira umutima ku kintu kimwe, no kugenzura ibitekerezo. Iyo ukoreshejwe neza kandi ugakurikiranwa na muganga, ushobora gufasha cyane abantu barwaye ADHD mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi cyangwa ugatuma abarwaye narcolepsy batagira ibitotsi ku manywa.

Dextroamphetamine na Amphetamine ni iki?

Dextroamphetamine na amphetamine ni umuti ukangura imyakura yo hagati, urimo ibintu bibiri bikora byose icyarimwe. Uyu muti ni uruvange rw'imyunyu itandukanye ya amphetamine yateguwe neza kugira ngo itange uburyo bwo kugenzura ibimenyetso buri gihe kandi neza umunsi wose.

Uru ruvange rugize itsinda ry'imiti yitwa stimulants, bishobora gutera impungenge mbere na mbere. Ariko, iyi miti yarakoreweho ubushakashatsi bwinshi kandi ikoreshwa neza mu myaka myinshi iyo yanditswe kandi igenzurwa n'abaganga. Ingaruka zo gukangura zifasha abantu barwaye ADHD mu gutuza imikorere y'ubwonko bwabo no kunoza ubushobozi bwabo bwo kwitaho.

Uyu muti uboneka mu buryo bwo gufata ako kanya no gufata buhoro buhoro. Ubwoko bwo gufata ako kanya busanzwe bumara amasaha 4-6, naho ubwoko bwo gufata buhoro buhoro bushobora gutanga uburyo bwo kugenzura ibimenyetso mu masaha 8-12, bigatuma umuntu afata umuti rimwe ku munsi mu bihe byinshi.

Dextroamphetamine na Amphetamine bikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Uyu muti w’ibanze wandikirwa indwara ebyiri zikomeye: ADHD na narcolepsy. Muri ADHD, ifasha kunoza ubushobozi bwo kwitondera, kugabanya imyitwarire idakwiriye, no kugenzura neza imyitwarire y’ubugome ishobora kubangamira ishuri, akazi, n’imibanire.

Mugihe uvura ADHD, uyu muti ushobora kugufasha kwibanda ku mirimo igihe kirekire, gukurikiza amabwiriza, no gutegura ibikorwa byawe bya buri munsi neza. Abantu benshi babona impinduka mu bushobozi bwabo bwo kurangiza imishinga y'akazi, kugumana ibiganiro, no gucunga neza igihe cyabo.

Muri narcolepsy, uyu muti ufasha kurwanya gusinzira cyane ku manywa bishobora kuba byateza akaga kandi bikabangamira ubuzima bwa buri munsi. Abantu bafite narcolepsy akenshi bahanganye no gukomeza kuba maso mugihe cy'ibikorwa bisanzwe, kandi uyu muti ushobora kubafasha kugumana ubushishozi umunsi wose.

Rimwe na rimwe abaganga bashobora kwandika uyu muti kubindi bibazo, ariko izi nyungu zifatwa nk'izidakwiriye kandi zigomba gukorwa gusa hakurikijwe ubugenzuzi bw'abaganga. Muganga wawe azemeza niba uyu muti ukwiriye kubibazo byawe byihariye.

Uko Dextroamphetamine na Amphetamine bikora?

Uyu muti ukora wongera urwego rwa neurotransmitters zimwe na zimwe mu bwonko bwawe, by'umwihariko dopamine na norepinephrine. Ubu butumwa bwa kemikali bugira uruhare runini mu kwitondera, kwibanda, no kugenzura imyitwarire, akenshi bigenda nabi kubantu bafite ADHD.

Bitekereze nk'uko uhindura ijwi kuri sisitemu yo kwibanda mu bwonko bwawe. Kubantu bafite ADHD, ibimenyetso byo kwitondera no kwibanda akenshi biba byacecetse cyangwa bidahinduka. Uyu muti ufasha kongera no gushimangira ibi bimenyetso, bigatuma byoroha kwibanda no kugenzura imyitwarire.

Uyu muti ufatwa nk'ukomeye ku rugero ruri hagati mu miti ivura ADHD. Ufite imbaraga kurusha imiti imwe itari iy'ibinyabutabazi, ariko ushobora guhindurwa kugira ngo ubone urugero rukwiye kuri buri muntu. Muganga wawe azatangira n'urugero ruto hanyuma arushaho kurwongera buhoro buhoro niba bikwiye kugira ngo abone icyo kigukorera neza.

Ingaruka zikunze gutangira mu minota 30-60 umaze gufata umuti kandi zishobora kumara amasaha menshi, bitewe niba ufata uwo ushyirwa mu mubiri ako kanya cyangwa uwo ushyirwa mu mubiri buhoro buhoro.

Nkwiriye gufata Dextroamphetamine na Amphetamine nte?

Fata uyu muti nk'uko wabisabwe na muganga wawe, akenshi rimwe cyangwa kabiri ku munsi bitewe n'ubwoko bwawo. Uwo ushyirwa mu mubiri ako kanya akenshi ufata inshuro 2-3 ku munsi, naho uwo ushyirwa mu mubiri buhoro buhoro akenshi ufata rimwe mu gitondo.

Ushobora gufata uyu muti urya cyangwa utarya, ariko kuwufata urya birashobora kugufasha kugabanya kuribwa mu nda niba iyo ngaruka ikubayeho. Ariko, irinde kuwufata hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa ibinyobwa birimo aside nka jus y'amacunga cyangwa imiti yongera vitamine C, kuko ibi bishobora kugabanya uburyo umubiri wawe wumva umuti.

Mimina ibinini byo mu bwoko bwo gusohoka buhoro buhoro byose, cyangwa ushobora kubifungura ugatobora ibirimo kuri applesauce niba ugira ikibazo cyo kumira ibinini. Ntukavunagure, ntukahahane, cyangwa ntukamenagure ibinini byo gusohoka buhoro buhoro, kuko ibi bishobora gutuma umuti mwinshi usohoka icyarimwe.

Gerageza gufata umuti wawe ku gihe kimwe buri munsi kugira ngo ugumane urugero ruhamye mu mubiri wawe. Niba uwufatiye mu masaha y'umugoroba, bishobora kubangamira ibitotsi byawe, bityo abaganga benshi basaba gufata urugero rwa nyuma byibuze amasaha 6 mbere yo kuryama.

Nkwiriye kumara igihe kingana iki mfata Dextroamphetamine na Amphetamine?

Igihe cyo kuvurwa gitandukanye cyane ku muntu ku muntu kandi biterwa n'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye n'uburyo umuti ukugiraho ingaruka. Muri ADHD, abantu benshi bafata uyu muti imyaka myinshi, naho abandi bashobora kuwukenera mu gihe gito cyangwa bakaruhuka mu gihe cyo kuvurwa.

Muganga wawe azajya asuzuma buri gihe niba ugikeneye imiti, akurikiranira hafi ibimenyetso byawe n'uko ubaho mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Abantu bamwe, cyane cyane abana, bashobora kugira “ibihe byo guhagarika imiti” aho bahagarika gufata imiti kugira ngo barebe niba ibimenyetso byabo byarushijeho gukira cyangwa niba bashobora kubaho batayifata.

Ku bantu bakuru bafite ADHD, kuvurwa akenshi ni igihe kirekire kuko ADHD akenshi ni indwara y'ubuzima bwose. Ariko, muganga wawe ashobora guhindura urugero rw'umuti ukoresha cyangwa agahindura imiti ukoresha uko igihe kigenda, bitewe n'uburyo ubyakira n'ingaruka zose zikubaho.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata uyu muti ako kanya utabanje kuvugana na muganga wawe. Guhagarika ako kanya gushobora gutera ibimenyetso byo kuva mu muti nk'umunaniro ukabije, agahinda, no kwiyongera k'irari ryo kurya. Muganga wawe azagufasha kugabanya buhoro buhoro niba ukeneye guhagarika kuwufata.

Ni Iyihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Dextroamphetamine na Amphetamine?

Kimwe n'indi miti yose, dextroamphetamine na amphetamine bishobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo atari buri wese uzazigira. Ingaruka nyinshi ziba zoroshye cyangwa ziciriritse kandi akenshi ziragenda zikira uko umubiri wawe umenyera umuti mu byumweru bike bya mbere.

Dore ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo uko umubiri wawe umenyera uyu muti:

• Kugabanyuka k'irari ryo kurya no gutakaza ibiro
• Kugorwa no gusinzira cyangwa kuguma usinziriye
• Umunwa wumye
• Umutwe
• Ubwoba cyangwa guhangayika
• Isesemi
• Umutima wihuta
• Guhinduka kw'amarangamutima cyangwa kwishima

Izi ngaruka zisanzwe akenshi zishobora gucungwa kandi zishobora kugabanuka uko igihe kigenda. Muganga wawe ashobora gutanga ibitekerezo byo kuzigabanya, nk'uko gufata umuti hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa guhindura igihe ufata imiti.

Nubwo bitaba kenshi, abantu bamwe bashobora guhura n'ingaruka zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bwihutirwa bw'abaganga:

• Uburibwe mu gituza cyangwa umutima utera nabi
• Umutwe ukabije
• Kubura umwuka
• Impinduka zidasanzwe mu myifatire cyangwa imyitwarire ya gasharira
• Ibimenyetso by'ibibazo byo gutembera kw'amaraso mu ntoki cyangwa mu birenge
• Umutsi w'imitsi cyangwa guhinda umushyitsi
• Impinduka mu mbono cyangwa imbono idasobanutse

Izi ngaruka zikomeye ni gake ariko ni ngombwa kuzitaho. Vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe cyane, uyu muti ushobora gutera indwara zishobora guteza akaga nka serotonin syndrome, allergie ikabije, cyangwa ibibazo by'umutima. Umuganga wawe azagukurikiranira hafi, cyane cyane iyo utangiye gufata umuti cyangwa igihe urugero rwawo ruhindutse.

Ninde utagomba gufata Dextroamphetamine na Amphetamine?

Abantu bamwe ntibagomba gufata uyu muti kubera ibyago byiyongereye by'ibibazo bikomeye. Umuganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe y'ubuzima mbere yo kugutera uyu muti kugirango yemeze ko ari mutekano kuri wowe.

Ntabwo ugomba gufata uyu muti niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bibazo cyangwa ibihe bikurikira:

• Allergie izwi kuri amphetamines cyangwa ibintu byose bigize umuti
• Indwara ikabije y'umutima cyangwa ibibazo by'umutima by'imiterere
• Umubyigano w'amaraso udakontrolwa
• Hyperthyroidism (thyroid ikora cyane)
• Glaucoma (umuvuduko wiyongereye mu maso)
• Amateka yo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa ubujura
• Guhora mu gihirahiro gikabije cyangwa guhangayika
• Ubu uri gufata cyangwa umaze igihe gito uhagaritse gufata MAO inhibitors

Umuganga wawe azakoresha kandi ubushishozi bwihariye niba ufite izindi ndwara zishobora kongera ibyago byawe by'ibibazo, nubwo ibi bitakubuza rwose gufata umuti.

Uburyo bwihariye bugomba gukurikizwa niba ufite amateka y'indwara zo mu mutwe, ibibazo byo gufatwa n'indwara, ibibazo byo gutembera kw'amaraso, cyangwa niba utwite cyangwa wonka. Muganga wawe azagereranya inyungu n'ibibazo muri ibi bihe kandi ashobora kugusaba izindi nzira zo kuvura cyangwa kugukurikiranira hafi.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Dextroamphetamine na Amphetamine

Izina rizwi cyane ry'uyu muti ni Adderall, uza mu buryo bwo gusohoka ako kanya no gusohoka igihe kirekire (Adderall XR). Aya mazina y'ubwoko yahindutse hafi kimwe no kuvura ADHD ku bantu benshi.

Andi mazina y'ubwoko arimo Mydayis, ni verisiyo ikora igihe kirekire yagenewe gutanga uburyo bwo kugenzura ibimenyetso kugeza ku masaha 16. Hariho kandi verisiyo nyinshi zisanzwe ziboneka, zirimo ibintu bikora kimwe ariko bishobora kuba bihendutse.

Ubu buryo bwose burimo uruvange rumwe rwa munyu wa amphetamine, ariko birashoboka ko bafite uburyo butandukanye bwo kurekura cyangwa igihe cyo gukora. Muganga wawe azagufasha guhitamo uburyo bukwiriye gahunda yawe ya buri munsi n'imiterere y'ibimenyetso.

Verisiyo zisanzwe zikora neza nk'imiti y'amazina y'ubwoko kandi bigomba guhura n'amabwiriza akomeye y'ubuziranenge. Ariko, abantu bamwe bashobora kubona itandukaniro rito mu buryo bitwara ku buryo butandukanye bw'abakora.

Izindi nzira zo kuvura Dextroamphetamine na Amphetamine

Niba uyu muti utakora neza kuri wewe cyangwa ukaba utera ingaruka zikomeye, hariho izindi nzira zo kuvura muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza. Guhitamo biterwa n'ibimenyetso byawe byihariye, amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi, n'uburyo witwaye ku zindi nzira zo kuvura.

Imiti ikora nk'iyi ikora kimwe irimo imiti ishingiye kuri methylphenidate nka Ritalin, Concerta, cyangwa Vyvanse (lisdexamfetamine). Iyi miti igira ingaruka ku bimera by'ubwonko kimwe ariko birashoboka ko bafite uburyo butandukanye bwo kugira ingaruka cyangwa igihe cyo gukora.

Uburyo butagira ibitera umubiri gukanguka burimo atomoxetine (Strattera), ikora kuri norepinephrine ariko ntikore kuri dopamine, n'imiti mishya nka viloxazine (Qelbree). Ubu buryo bushobora gukoreshwa niba ufite ibibazo by'umutima, impungenge z'ubuzerere, cyangwa niba utitabira imiti ikangura ubwonko.

Muganga wawe ashobora no gutekereza ku kuvura imyitwarire, guhindura imibereho, cyangwa uburyo buhuriweho burimo imiti n'uburyo butagizwe n'imiti. Gahunda nziza yo kuvura ni iy'umuntu ku giti cye kandi ishobora gushobora kugerageza uburyo butandukanye kugirango umenye icyo gikora neza kuri wowe.

Ese Dextroamphetamine na Amphetamine biruta Methylphenidate?

Nta muti n'umwe uruta undi muri rusange - imikorere yabyo ishingiye rwose ku buryo imikorere y'ubwonko bwawe bwite yitabira buri muti. Byombi bifatwa nk'imiti ikoreshwa bwa mbere mu kuvura ADHD kandi bifite urwego rumwe rw'ubushobozi muri rusange.

Abantu bamwe bitabira neza dextroamphetamine na amphetamine, mu gihe abandi babona ko bimeze neza hamwe n'imiti ishingiye kuri methylphenidate. Itandukaniro akenshi riterwa n'ibintu by'umuntu ku giti cye nk'uburyo umubiri wihanganira ingaruka, igihe kigomba gukora, n'uburyo umuntu yitabira.

Dextroamphetamine na amphetamine bikunda kumara igihe gito kuruta methylphenidate ikora ako kanya kandi bishobora gukora neza ku bantu bamwe bafite ibimenyetso bikomeye. Ariko, methylphenidate ishobora gutera ibibazo bike byo kubura ubushake bwo kurya no gusinzira ku bantu bamwe.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku bimenyetso byawe byihariye, imibereho, amateka y'ubuvuzi, n'uburyo wari wabyitwayemo mbere iyo uhitamo hagati y'izi nzira. Ni ibisanzwe kugerageza umuti umwe mbere hanyuma ukawuhindura niba utatanga uburyo bwo kugenzura ibimenyetso bihagije cyangwa ugatera ingaruka zikomeye.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Ku bijyanye na Dextroamphetamine na Amphetamine

Q1. Ese Dextroamphetamine na Amphetamine birakwiriye ku bibazo by'umutima?

Uyu muti ushobora kongera umuvuduko w'umutima n'umuvuduko w'amaraso, bityo bisaba isuzuma ryitondewe niba ufite indwara iyo ari yo yose y'umutima. Muganga wawe ashobora gushaka gukora isuzuma ryimbitse ry'umutima, harimo na EKG, mbere yo gutangira uyu muti niba ufite ibibazo by'umutima.

Abantu bafite indwara zikomeye z'umutima nka diyabete ikomeye y'imitsi y'umutima, ibibazo by'umutima, cyangwa ibibazo by'umutima by'imiterere mubisanzwe ntibashobora gufata uyu muti mu buryo bwizewe. Ariko, abafite indwara zoroheje, zigenzurwa neza z'umutima bashobora kuwukoresha bayobowe n'abaganga.

Muganga wawe azagenzura umuvuduko w'umutima wawe n'umuvuduko w'amaraso buri gihe mugihe ufata uyu muti, cyane cyane mugihe utangira cyangwa uhindura doze. Niba ugize ububabare mu gituza, umutima utera nabi, cyangwa ingorane zo guhumeka, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya.

Q2. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba mfashe Dextroamphetamine na Amphetamine nyinshi ku buryo butunganye?

Niba ufata doze nyinshi kuruta iyo wategetswe, hamagara muganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura uburozi ako kanya, nubwo wumva umeze neza. Kubona doze nyinshi bishobora gutera ingorane zikomeye zirimo impinduka ziteje akaga mu mutima, umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi cyane, cyangwa ibibazo byo gufatwa.

Ibimenyetso byo kubona doze nyinshi birimo umutima utera vuba, umuriro mwinshi, urujijo, imyitwarire ya gasharira, ibitekerezo bidahuye n'ukuri, cyangwa gutakaza ubwenge. Ibi bimenyetso bisaba ubufasha bwihutirwa bw'ubuvuzi, bityo ntugatinye guhamagara 911 niba wowe cyangwa undi muntu agize ibi byose.

Kugirango wirinde kubona doze nyinshi ku buryo butunganye, bika umuti wawe mu gikoresho cyawo cy'umwimerere hamwe n'inyandiko isobanutse, kandi ntuzigere ufata doze zinyongera kugirango

Niba wibagiwe urugero, ruzifate uburyo wibuka, ariko gusa niba bikiri kare ku munsi. Niba ari nimugoroba cyangwa nimugoroba, reka urugero wibagiwe uruzifate urugero rukurikira ku gihe cyagenwe kugirango wirinde ibibazo byo gusinzira.

Ntuzigere ufata urugero rurenzeho kugirango usimbure urwo wibagiwe, kuko ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zidakunda kandi bishobora gutera kwirengagiza. Biruta kugira umunsi umwe wo kugenzura ibimenyetso bike kuruta gushyira mu kaga gufata imiti myinshi cyane.

Niba ukunda kwibagirwa urugero, ganira na muganga wawe kubyerekeye ingamba zo kugufasha kwibuka, nko gushyiraho alarme za terefone, gukoresha umuteguro w'ibinini, cyangwa guhindukira ku buryo bukora igihe kirekire busaba urugero ruto rwa buri munsi.

Q4. Ni ryari nshobora kureka gufata Dextroamphetamine na Amphetamine?

Ugomba kureka gufata iyi miti gusa ukurikije ubuyobozi bwa muganga wawe, kuko guhagarara ako kanya bishobora gutera ibimenyetso byo gukurwaho nk'umunaniro ukabije, agahinda, no kongera ubushake bwo kurya. Muganga wawe azagufasha kugabanya buhoro buhoro niba guhagarika bikwiye.

Umwanzuro wo guhagarara biterwa n'ibintu byinshi, harimo uburyo ibimenyetso byawe bigenzurwa neza, niba urimo guhura n'ingaruka zikomeye, no guhinduka mu mibereho yawe. Abantu bamwe bashobora gukenera iyi miti igihe kirekire, mu gihe abandi bashobora guhagarara nyuma yo guteza imbere ingamba zo guhangana neza.

Muganga wawe ashobora gushyiraho isuzuma rya buri gihe kugirango amenye niba ugikeneye imiti. Ibi bishobora gushyiramo kugabanya urugero rw'igihe gito cyangwa guhagarika kuvurwa kugirango urebe uko ukora utabifite, buri gihe ukurikije ubugenzuzi bwa muganga.

Q5. Nshobora kunywa inzoga nkanwa Dextroamphetamine na Amphetamine?

Muri rusange birasabwa kwirinda cyangwa kugabanya cyane kunywa inzoga mugihe ufata iyi miti. Inzoga irashobora kubangamira imikorere y'imiti kandi irashobora kongera ibyago by'ingaruka zimwe na zimwe, cyane cyane izo zikora ku mutima wawe n'umuvuduko w'amaraso.

Ubu buryo bushobora kandi guhisha ingaruka z'inzoga, bigatuma ushobora kunywa inzoga nyinshi utabizi. Ibi bishobora guteza akaga kandi bikaba byavamo ubumara bw'inzoga cyangwa gufata ibyemezo bibi.

Niba uhisemo kunywa inzoga rimwe na rimwe, bikore mu rugero kandi ubanze ubiganireho na muganga wawe. Bashobora gutanga inama zishingiye ku miterere yawe, urugero rw'umuti ukoresha, n'amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi. Ntukigere ukoresha inzoga kugirango zigufashe gusinzira niba umuti ugutera kutaryama, kuko ibi bishobora guteza uruziga rw'akaga.