Icyo Methotrexate ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwayo, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Methotrexate ni umuti utuma umubiri wawe ugabanya imikorere y'ubudahangarwa kandi ukagabanya umuvumo. Akenshi wandikirwa indwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa nk'indwara ya rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, n'ubwoko runaka bwa kanseri.

Tekereza methotrexate nk'ipédale yoroshye yo guhagarika ubudahangarwa bwawe burenze urugero. Iyo ubudahangarwa bwawe bwibeshye bugatera ibice byawe by'umubiri bikora neza, uyu muti ufasha gutuza ibintu kugira ngo umubiri wawe ukire kandi wumve neza.

Methotrexate ni iki?

Methotrexate ni umwe mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa antimetabolites cyangwa imiti ivura indwara ihindura (DMARDs). Ikora mu kwivanga n'uko selile zawe zikora DNA na poroteyine, bigatuma kugabanuka kw'imikurire y'ingirangingo byihuse bitera umuvumo.

Yabanje gukorwa nk'umuti uvura kanseri mu myaka ya za 1940, abaganga bavumbuye ko urugero ruto rushobora kuvura neza indwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa. Uyu munsi, ni umwe mu miti yandikirwa cyane indwara zifata imitsi kuko ifite akamaro kandi yigwa neza.

Ubwoko bwo kunywa buza mu buryo bw'ibinini ufata mu kanwa, akenshi rimwe mu cyumweru. Muganga wawe azakwandikira urugero nyarwo rukwiye indwara yawe yihariye n'ibyo umubiri wawe ukeneye.

Methotrexate ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Methotrexate ivura indwara nyinshi aho ubudahangarwa bwawe butera umuvumo no kwangirika kw'imitsi. Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira indwara ya rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, cyangwa indwara zimwe na zimwe ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa.

Kubera rheumatoid arthritis, methotrexate ifasha kugabanya ububabare bw'ingingo, kubyimba, no gukakara mugihe ikumira kwangirika kw'ingingo mu gihe kirekire. Abantu benshi babona ko gukakara kwabo mu gitondo bigenda bikemuka kandi bashobora kwimuka byoroshye mu mezi make nyuma yo gutangira kuvurwa.

Muri psoriasis, uyu muti utuma uruhu rutakura vuba nk'uko bisanzwe, ibyo bigatuma habaho utubara duto duto, twumye. Bishobora gusukura uruhu rwawe cyane kandi bikagabanya ibibazo byo kuribwa iyo ukoreshejwe buri gihe.

Abaganga kandi bandika methotrexate kubwoko runaka bwa kanseri, harimo na leukemia na lymphomas zimwe. Doses zo kuvura kanseri mubisanzwe ziba nyinshi cyane kurusha izo bakoresha kubibazo bya autoimmune.

Methotrexate ikora ite?

Methotrexate ikora ibyara inzima yitwa dihydrofolate reductase, izo ngingo zikeneye gukora DNA no kwikorera. Iki gikorwa gituma ingingo zikora vuba zigenda biguruce, harimo n'uturemangingo tw'umubiri dukora cyane dutera umubiri kubyimba.

Uyu muti ufatwa nk'umuti ukomeye wo kugabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Urukomeye kurusha imiti isanzwe irwanya ububyimbirwe ariko woroshye kurusha imiti mishya ya biologic ikoreshwa kubibazo bya autoimmune.

Ingaruka ntizihita zigaragara - ntushobora kumva impinduka zigaragara mu byumweru 6 kugeza ku 8. Umubiri wawe ukeneye igihe cyo kumenyera umuti no kugirango ububyimbirwe bugabanuke buhoro buhoro.

Kubera ko methotrexate igira ingaruka ku mikorere ya folate, muganga wawe ashobora kwandika imiti yongerera folate kugirango ifashe kwirinda ingaruka zimwe na zimwe. Ibi ntibivangira imikorere y'umuti ariko bifasha kurengera ingingo zawe zifite ubuzima.

Nkwiriye gufata methotrexate nte?

Fata methotrexate nk'uko muganga wawe abitegeka, mubisanzwe rimwe mu cyumweru ku munsi umwe. Abantu benshi babona ko bifasha guhitamo umunsi wihariye nka "Methotrexate Monday" kugirango bibuke urugero rwabo rwa buri cyumweru.

Urashobora gufata ibinini hamwe cyangwa nta funguro, ariko kubifata hamwe n'ifunguro birashobora gufasha kugabanya ibibazo byo mu gifu. Mimina ibinini byose hamwe n'ikirahure cyuzuye cy'amazi - ntukoreshe, utahe cyangwa ubice.

Muganga wawe ashobora gutangira akoresha urugero ruto hanyuma akaruzamura buhoro buhoro bitewe n'uko ubyitwaramo. Ntukagire urugero na rumwe uhindura cyangwa uhagarike gufata methotrexate utabanje kubiganiraho n'umuganga wawe.

Ni ngombwa gufata imiti yongera aside ya folike nk'uko byategetswe, akenshi ku munsi utafata methotrexate. Ibi bifasha kwirinda kubura folate kandi bigabanya ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zimwe na zimwe nk'ibikomere mu kanwa no kumva unaniwe.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Giki Ndafata Methotrexate?

Abantu benshi bafite indwara ziterwa n'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri bakeneye gufata methotrexate mu mezi cyangwa mu myaka kugira ngo bagumane imikorere yabo. Muganga wawe azakurikirana uko ubyitwaramo kandi ashobora guhindura gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Kubera indwara ya rheumatoid arthritis, ushobora gukenera gufata methotrexate igihe cyose kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika kw'ingingo kandi ugumane ubuzima bwawe bwiza. Abantu benshi barayifata neza mu myaka myinshi bafashijwe no gukurikiranwa buri gihe.

Niba uvurwa kanseri, igihe uvurwa biterwa n'ubwoko bwa kanseri ufite n'uko ubyitwaramo neza ku buvuzi. Umuganga wawe w'inzobere mu by'ubuvuzi azagutegurira gahunda irambuye yo kuvurwa.

Ibizamini by'amaraso bya buri gihe bifasha muganga wawe gukurikirana uko umuti ukora neza no kureba niba hari ingaruka zishobora kubaho. Ntukagomba guhagarika gufata methotrexate mu buryo butunguranye, kuko ibi bishobora gutuma ibimenyetso byawe bisubira cyangwa bikiyongera.

Mbese Ni Iyihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Methotrexate?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, methotrexate ishobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza. Ingaruka zisanzwe zikunze kuba zoroshye kandi zishobora gucungwa neza no gukurikiranwa neza no kwitabwaho.

Dore ingaruka ushobora guhura nazo, dutangiriye ku zikunze kubaho:

• Kuruka no kuribwa mu nda, cyane cyane ku munsi ufata urugero rwawe
• Kunanirwa no kumva unaniwe cyane kurusha uko bisanzwe
• Ibikomere mu kanwa cyangwa ibisebe
• Umururumba w'umusatsi cyangwa gutakaza umusatsi
• Umutwe
• Urugero
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya

Abantu bamwe bahura n’ingaruka zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw’abaganga. Izi zikubiyemo inkorora idahorera, kugorwa no guhumeka, gukomeretsa cyangwa kuva amaraso bidasanzwe, kuribwa mu nda bikabije, cyangwa ibimenyetso by’ubwandu nk’umuriro cyangwa guhinda umushyitsi.

Ibibazo by’umwijima birashobora kubaho ariko akenshi bimenyekana hakiri kare binyuze mu bipimo by’amaraso bisanzwe. Muganga wawe azagenzura imikorere y’umwijima wawe yitonze, cyane cyane mu mezi make ya mbere yo kuvurwa.

Gufata imiti yongera aside ya folike nkuko byategetswe birashobora gufasha kwirinda ingaruka nyinshi, cyane cyane ibisebe mu kanwa no kunanirwa. Ingaruka nyinshi zishobora kugenzurwa kandi zikagenda zikemura uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti.

Ni bande batagomba gufata Methotrexate?

Methotrexate ntirinzwe kuri buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe y’ubuzima mbere yo kuyandika. Abagore batwite ntibagomba na rimwe gufata methotrexate kuko ishobora gutera ubumuga bukomeye ku mwana.

Ntabwo ugomba gufata methotrexate niba ufite indwara ikomeye y’impyiko, indwara y’umwijima, cyangwa urugingo rw’umubiri rwarushijeho gukora. Abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe z’amaraso cyangwa abanywa inzoga nyinshi nabo ntibakwiriye uyu muti.

Niba uri konka, uteganya gusama, cyangwa ugerageza kubyara umwana, ganira ibi na muganga wawe. Methotrexate ishobora kugira ingaruka ku miterere y’imbyaro kandi ntirinzwe mugihe cyo gutwita cyangwa konka.

Muganga wawe azitondera kandi kwandika methotrexate niba ufite amateka y’indwara y’ibihaha, ibisebe byo mu nda, cyangwa ubwandu bumwe na bumwe. Kugenzura buri gihe bifasha kumenya neza ko umuti ukomeza kuba mwiza kuri wowe.

Amazina y’ubwoko bwa Methotrexate

Methotrexate iboneka munsi y’amazina menshi y’ubwoko, harimo Rheumatrex, Trexall, na Otrexup. Uburyo bwa rusange bwitwa methotrexate gusa kandi bukora neza nkuko ubwoko bw’amazina bukora.

Isosiyete ikora imiti yawe ishobora kuguha ubwoko butandukanye mu bihe bitandukanye, ariko byose bikubiyemo umuti umwe ukora. Niba ufite impungenge zo guhindura ubwoko bw’imiti, ganira na farumasiye cyangwa muganga wawe.

Ubwoko bumwe buza mu buryo bw’inshinge zizuzuzwe mbere cyangwa imiti yikora, mu gihe ubundi buboneka mu buryo bw’ibinini. Muganga wawe azahitamo uburyo bwiza n’ubwoko bwiza bushingiye ku byo ukeneye byihariye n’ubwishingizi bwawe.

Uburyo bwo gusimbura Methotrexate

Niba methotrexate itagukundiye cyangwa ikagutera ingaruka zikomeye, hari ubundi buryo bwinshi buboneka. Izindi DMARD nka sulfasalazine, hydroxychloroquine, cyangwa leflunomide zishobora kuba uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura indwara ziterwa n’ubudahangarwa.

Imiti ya biyolojiya nka adalimumab, etanercept, cyangwa infliximab ni imiti mishya ivura igamije ibice byihariye by’ubudahangarwa. Iyi miti ikunze guhenda ariko ishobora kugirira akamaro abantu batitabira DMARDs gakondo.

Ku ndwara zimwe na zimwe, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba kuvurwa ukoresheje methotrexate hamwe n’undi muti. Ubu buryo rimwe na rimwe bushobora gutanga ibisubizo byiza kurusha gukoresha umuti umwe gusa.

Icyemezo cyo guhitamo uburyo bwo gusimbura giterwa n’indwara yawe yihariye, ibindi bibazo by’ubuzima, n’uburyo witabiriye imiti yabanje. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo abone gahunda nziza yo kuvura.

Ese Methotrexate iruta Sulfasalazine?

Methotrexate na sulfasalazine ni DMARDs zikora neza, ariko zikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi zifite ingaruka zitandukanye. Methotrexate akenshi ifatwa nk’ikora neza kuva indwara ya rheumatoid arthritis kandi akenshi ni yo ihitwamo mbere yo kuvura.

Methotrexate ikunze gukora vuba kandi ikagira akamaro mu gukumira kwangirika kw’ingingo muri rheumatoid arthritis. Ariko, sulfasalazine ishobora kuba ihitamo ryiza niba ufite ibibazo bimwe na bimwe byo mu nda cyangwa niba uteganya gutwita.

Abantu bamwe boroherwa n'umuti umwe kurusha undi. Sulfasalazine akenshi itera kubabara mu nda kandi ishobora guhindura inkari zawe umuhondo, naho methotrexate isaba gukurikiranwa amaraso kenshi.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku burwayi bwawe bwihariye, ibindi bibazo by'ubuzima, n'ibyo ukunda mu guhitamo hagati y'iyo miti. Rimwe na rimwe, ishobora gukoreshwa hamwe kugira ngo yongere imikorere.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Kuri Methotrexate

Ese Methotrexate ifite umutekano ku bantu barwaye diyabete?

Methotrexate muri rusange irashobora gukoreshwa neza ku bantu barwaye diyabete, ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa neza. Uwo muti ntugira ingaruka zigorora ku rugero rw'isukari mu maraso, ariko ushobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'umubiri bwo kurwanya indwara.

Abantu barwaye diyabete basanzwe bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara, bityo muganga wawe azakureba neza niba hari ibimenyetso by'uburwayi. Uzakenera ibizamini by'amaraso buri gihe kugira ngo ukurikirane imikorere y'impyiko zawe, kuko diyabete na methotrexate byombi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mpyiko.

Wibuke kubwira muganga wawe ibya diyabete yawe n'indi miti yose urimo gufata. Bashobora gukenera guhindura gahunda yawe yo gukurikirana cyangwa gukorana n'ikipe yawe ishinzwe kwita ku diyabete kugira ngo barebe neza imicungire myiza y'ibibazo byombi.

Nigira iki niba mfatanye methotrexate nyinshi mu buryo butunganye?

Niba ufata methotrexate nyinshi mu buryo butunganye kurusha uko byategetswe, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya ubumara ako kanya. Guhagarika byinshi bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye, harimo isesemi ikabije, kuruka, no kwangiza imisemburo yawe y'amaraso.

Ntugategereze ngo urebe niba wumva umeze neza - methotrexate yarenze urugero irashobora guteza akaga kabone niyo utumva urwaye ako kanya. Muganga wawe ashobora gushimangira amakara akoreshwa cyangwa izindi mvura kugira ngo afashe gukuraho umuti w'ikirenga mu mubiri wawe.

Kora urutonde rw'igihe ufata urugero rwawe rwa buri cyumweru kugira ngo wirinde kurufata kabiri utabizi. Abantu bamwe bakoresha utugabanya imiti cyangwa ibyibutsa kuri telefone kugira ngo bibafashe kwibuka igihe bamaze gufata imiti yabo.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nciwe urugero rwa Methotrexate?

Niba waciwe urugero rwawe rwa buri cyumweru rwa methotrexate, rufate uko wibuka vuba, igihe cyose bitarenze iminsi mike ku rugero rwawe rwashyizweho. Ntukagire urugero rurenzeho kugira ngo usubize urwo waciwe.

Niba hashize iminsi irenga 3-4 kuva waciwe urugero, rureke maze ufate urugero rwawe rukurikira ku gihe cyagenwe. Gucikanwa n'urugero rumwe rimwe na rimwe ntibizakugiraho ingaruka, ariko gerageza kugira ubumwe kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo byiza.

Tekereza gushyiraho icyibutsa cya buri cyumweru kuri telefone yawe cyangwa ukoreshe kalendari yawe kugira ngo bikufashe kwibuka umunsi wawe wa methotrexate. Ubumwe ni ingenzi kugira ngo urugero rw'imiti rukore neza.

Nshobora guhagarika ryari gufata Methotrexate?

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata methotrexate utabanje kugisha inama umuganga wawe. Guhagarika mu buryo butunguranye bishobora gutuma ibimenyetso byawe bisubira cyangwa bikiyongera, kandi ushobora gutakaza intambwe wateye mu gucunga uburwayi bwawe.

Umuganga wawe azagufasha gufata icyemezo igihe bikwiriye guhagarika cyangwa kugabanya urugero rwawe. Ibi bishobora kubaho niba uburwayi bwawe buhindutse, niba ugize ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti, cyangwa niba ukeneye guhindura imiti.

Niba uhagaritse methotrexate, umuganga wawe ashobora kugabanya urugero rwawe buhoro buhoro aho guhagarika byose icyarimwe. Bazanakugenzura cyane kugira ngo barebe niba hari ibimenyetso byagaruka.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga niba ndimo gufata Methotrexate?

Ukwiriye kwirinda inzoga cyangwa ukazigabanya cyane niba urimo gufata methotrexate. Inzoga na methotrexate byombi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mwijima wawe, kandi kubivanga byongera ibyago byo kwangiza umwijima.

Niba unywa inzoga, banza ubiganireho na muganga wawe. Ashobora kugusaba kwirinda inzoga burundu cyangwa ukajya unywa utuntu duto cyane rimwe na rimwe, bitewe n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange n'imikorere y'umwijima wawe.

Muganga wawe azajya akurikirana imikorere y'umwijima wawe akoresheje ibizamini by'amaraso bya buri gihe. Niba ubonye ibimenyetso byose by'ibibazo by'umwijima nk'uruhu ruhinduka umuhondo, inkari zikaba umukara, cyangwa umunaniro udashira, vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya.