Icyo Midodrine ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo gufata, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Midodrine ni umuti wandikirwa na muganga ufasha kuzamura umuvuduko w'amaraso ku bantu umuvuduko wabo w'amaraso umanuka cyane iyo bahagurutse. Iyi ndwara, yitwa hypotension ya orthostatic, ishobora gutuma wumva uruka, ufite intege nke, cyangwa ndetse ugata umutwe iyo uhagurutse wicaye cyangwa uryamye.

Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira midodrine iyo umuvuduko wawe w'amaraso uri hasi cyane bigira ingaruka ku bikorwa byawe bya buri munsi kandi izindi nshuti zitagize icyo zikora neza bihagije. Ifatwa nk'umuti wihariye usaba gukurikiranwa neza, ariko irashobora kuba ingirakamaro rwose ku bantu bahanganye n'iyi ndwara igoye.

Midodrine ni iki?

Midodrine ni umuti w'umuvuduko w'amaraso ukora mu buryo butandukanye n'abandi benshi ushobora kuba uzi. Mugihe imiti myinshi y'umuvuduko w'amaraso umanura umuvuduko wawe, midodrine irawuzamura rwose ikoresheje gufunga imitsi yawe y'amaraso.

Uyu muti ufitanye isano n'icyiciro cyitwa alpha-1 agonists, bivuze ko ikora kuri reseptori zimwe na zimwe mu mitsi yawe y'amaraso. Tekereza nk'uko uha imitsi yawe y'amaraso umuvuduko wo gufasha kugumana imiyoborere myiza y'amaraso iyo uhagaze.

Midodrine iza mu buryo bw'ibinini ufata mu kanwa, akenshi inshuro eshatu ku munsi. Iboneka gusa hamwe n'urwandiko rwa muganga kuko bisaba ubugenzuzi bw'ubuvuzi bwitondewe kugirango byemeze ko bikora neza kubera imiterere yawe yihariye.

Midodrine ikoreshwa kubera iki?

Midodrine ikoreshwa cyane cyane kuri hypotension ya orthostatic, indwara aho umuvuduko wawe w'amaraso umanuka cyane iyo uhagurutse. Ibi bibaho iyo umubiri wawe ufite ingorane zo guhindura imiyoborere y'amaraso iyo uhinduye imyanya.

Abantu bafite iyi ndwara bakunze guhura n'ibimenyetso bibangamira bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mibereho yabo. Ushobora kumva uruka cyangwa ufite umutwe iyo uhagaze, ukumva ufite intege nke cyangwa unaniwe, cyangwa ndetse ugata umutwe utunguwe.

Muganga wawe akenshi azatekereza ku midodrine iyo impinduka mu mibereho n'izindi mvura zitatanze umuti uhagije. Uyu muti wemerejwe by'umwihariko abantu bafite hypotension ya orthostatic igira ingaruka zikomeye ku bushobozi bwabo bwo gukora imirimo ya buri munsi.

Rimwe na rimwe abaganga bashobora kwandikira midodrine kubera izindi ndwara zifite aho zihuriye n'umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hasi, nubwo ibi byafatwa nk'ikoreshwa ritari ku rutonde risaba ubushishozi bw'abaganga.

Midodrine ikora ite?

Midodrine ikora ihinduka ikora mu mubiri wawe umaze kuyifata. Uyu muti ubwawo ntukora kugeza igihe umwijima wawe ubihinduye mu buryo bukora, bita desglymidodrine.

Iyo imaze gukora, itera imitsi ya alpha-1 mu miyoboro y'amaraso yawe, ituma ifunga cyangwa igakomera. Uku gufunga bifasha gukomeza umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hejuru, cyane cyane iyo uhagaze.

Uyu muti ufatwa nk'ufite imbaraga ziringaniye mu ngaruka zawo. Ntabwo ari imbaraga nk'imiti imwe yo gufasha mu gihe cy'uburwayi bw'umuvuduko w'amaraso, ariko irakomeye kurusha byinshi mu bisanzwe cyangwa impinduka zoroheje mu mibereho.

Igituma midodrine ifite akamaro cyane ni uko ikora cyane ku miyoboro y'amaraso mu maboko yawe n'amaguru, aho gukora ku mutima wawe. Iki gikorwa cyihariye gifasha kuzamura umuvuduko w'amaraso hatagize umuvuduko ukabije ku mikaya y'umutima wawe.

Nkwiriye gufata midodrine nte?

Fata midodrine nk'uko muganga wawe abitegeka, akenshi inshuro eshatu ku munsi hagati y'amasaha 3-4 hagati ya buri dose. Gahunda isanzwe ni mu gitondo, ku manywa, na mu gitondo cy'igicamunsi, ariko ntuzigere ufata dose yawe ya nyuma nyuma ya saa sita z'ijoro.

Urashobora gufata midodrine hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa utabifite, nubwo abantu bamwe babona ko byoroshye ku gifu cyabo iyo bafashwe n'akantu gato. Amazi ni meza rwose kuyifata, kandi ntukeneye amata cyangwa ikindi kinyobwa cyihariye.

Mbere yo gufata imiti yawe, birafasha kurya ikintu cyoroheje niba utararya vuba aha. Ibi birashobora gufasha kwirinda kubabara mu gifu, nubwo bitari ngombwa rwose.

Igihe cya doze yawe ya nyuma ni ingenzi kuko midodrine ishobora kuzamura umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe kabone niyo uryamye. Kuyifata nyuma y'umunsi bishobora gutuma umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe uzamuka cyane mugihe uryamye.

Nzagomba Kumara Igihe Kingana Gite Ndafa Midodrine?

Igihe cyo kuvura na midodrine gitandukanye cyane ku muntu ku muntu, bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe bw'ibanze n'uburyo wemera imiti. Abantu bamwe bayikeneye mu mezi make gusa, mu gihe abandi bashobora gukenera kuvurwa igihe kirekire.

Muganga wawe azagenzura buri gihe niba ugikeneye midodrine akurikiza ibimenyetso byawe n'uburyo umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe witwara. Barashobora gutanga ibitekerezo byo guhagarika imiti igihe runaka kugirango barebe niba uburwayi bwawe bwateye imbere mu buryo busanzwe.

Kubantu bamwe bafite indwara zidakira ziteza hypotension ya orthostatic, midodrine irashobora gukenerwa igihe kirekire. Ariko, muganga wawe azahora agerageza gukoresha doze ntoya ikora mugihe gito gishoboka.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata midodrine ako kanya utabanje kuvugana na muganga wawe. Barashobora gushaka kugabanya buhoro buhoro doze yawe kugirango birinde umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe kugabanuka vuba.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara Bya Midodrine?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, midodrine irashobora gutera ibikorwa bigaragara, nubwo atari buri wese ubyumva. Ibikorwa bigaragara byinshi bifitanye isano n'ingaruka zayo zo kuzamura umuvuduko w'amaraso kandi bikunda kuba byoroheje kugeza hagati.

Ibikorwa bigaragara cyane ushobora kubona birimo kumva urumuri cyangwa kumva urushinge ku mutwe wawe, imvuvu, cyangwa kumva ukonje. Ibi byiyumvo bibaho kuko midodrine igira ingaruka kumitsi y'amaraso mumubiri wawe kandi akenshi bigabanuka uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza.

Hano hari ibikorwa bigaragara abantu bahura nabyo:

• Kugira uruhu rucurumuka cyangwa kumva urushinge mu mutwe
• Uruhu ruzamuka
• Kumva ukonje cyangwa guhinda umushyitsi
• Kugorana kwihagarika cyangwa kubika inkari
• Urugimbu cyangwa kutamererwa neza mu gifu
• Umutwe
• Kuribwa umutwe igihe uryamye

Ibi bimenyetso bisanzwe bikunze gucungwa neza kandi akenshi bigenda bikira uko umubiri wawe umenyera umuti. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha gushaka uburyo bwo kugabanya ibibazo byose wahura nabyo.

Abantu bamwe bashobora guhura n'ingaruka zikomeye zikeneye ubufasha bwihutirwa bw'abaganga. Ibi ntibisanzwe ariko ni ngombwa kubimenya:

• Umubyimba mwinshi w'amaraso igihe uryamye
• Umutima utera gahoro cyangwa umutima utera nabi
• Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa kucyiyumvamo
• Umutwe ukabije utagira icyo uhinduka
• Imikorere y'amaso ihinduka cyangwa kuyabona nabi
• Kugorana guhumeka
• Kubabara mu gifu cyane

Niba uhuye n'ibimenyetso bikomeye, vugana na muganga wawe ako kanya cyangwa ushake ubufasha bwihutirwa bw'abaganga. Izi ngaruka ntizikunze kubaho ariko zisaba kwitabwaho vuba kugirango umutekano wawe wizerwe.

Ninde utagomba gufata Midodrine?

Midodrine ntirinzwe kuri buri wese, kandi ibibazo by'ubuzima runaka cyangwa ibihe bituma bitakwemerwa cyangwa bishobora guteza akaga. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe y'ubuzima mbere yo kwandika uyu muti.

Abantu bafite ibibazo by'umutima runaka bagomba kwirinda midodrine kuko bishobora kongera umuvuduko ku mikorere y'imitsi y'umutima. Ibi bikubiyemo abafite indwara zikomeye z'umutima, ubwoko runaka bw'ibibazo by'umutima, cyangwa guhagarara k'umutima kwihutirwa.

Dore ibibazo by'ingenzi bikunze gutuma midodrine idakwiriye:

• Indwara ikomeye y'umutima cyangwa kunanirwa k'umutima kwihuse
• Ubukana bwa tiroyide (hyperthyroidism)
• Glaucoma ifunganye
• Indwara ikomeye y'impyiko
• Pheochromocytoma (ibibyimba bidakunze kuboneka byo mu ngingo ya adrenal)
• Umubyigano udashira w'amaraso iyo uryamye
• Gusama cyangwa konsa

Muganga wawe azitonda kandi mu gutanga imiti ya midodrine niba urwaye diyabete, ibibazo by'umwijima, cyangwa ibibazo byo kubika inkari. Izi ndwara ntizibuza rwose gufata umuti, ariko zisaba gukurikiranwa by'umwihariko.

Imyaka nayo ishobora kuba impamvu, kuko abantu bakuze bashobora kwitwara nabi ku ngaruka za midodrine. Muganga wawe ashobora gutangira n'urugero ruto hanyuma akagukurikirana neza niba urengeje imyaka 65.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Midodrine

Midodrine iboneka mu mazina y'ubwoko butandukanye, ProAmatine ikaba ariyo izwi cyane muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika. Iri ni ryo zina ry'ubwoko ryariho umuti umaze kwemezwa bwa mbere.

Andi mazina y'ubwoko arimo Orvaten, nubwo ProAmatine ikomeza kuba izwi cyane. Ingero rusange za midodrine nazo ziboneka cyane kandi zikora kimwe n'ubwoko bw'amazina y'umuti.

Uko wakwakira midodrine y'ubwoko cyangwa rusange, ibigize umuti n'ubushobozi bwawo birasa. Farumasi yawe ishobora kubika ingero z'abakora imiti batandukanye, ariko zose zujuje ubuziranenge n'ubwirinzi bumwe.

Niba ufite impungenge zo guhindura hagati y'ingero zitandukanye za midodrine, ganira na muganga wawe cyangwa umufarumasiti. Bashobora gusubiza ibibazo byose bijyanye n'ubwizerwe cyangwa ubushobozi.

Uburyo bwo gusimbura Midodrine

Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo gusimbura midodrine mu kuvura hypotension ya orthostatic, nubwo guhitamo neza biterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe buteye n'impamvu zibitera. Muganga wawe azatekereza izi nzira niba midodrine itagukwiriye cyangwa idakora neza kuri wowe.

Fludrocortisone ni undi muti ukoreshwa cyane mu kuvura umuvuduko w'amaraso ugabanuka iyo uhagurutse. Ukora mu buryo butandukanye na midodrine kuko ufasha umubiri wawe kubika umunyu n'amazi, ibyo bikongera umubare w'amaraso n'umuvuduko wayo.

Uburyo butagendera ku miti nabwo bushobora kugira akamaro kanini mu kuvura umuvuduko w'amaraso ugabanuka iyo uhagurutse. Ubu buryo bwo kubaho burakora neza cyane, haba wenyine cyangwa hamwe n'imiti:

• Kwambara amasogisi abuza amaraso gusubira inyuma kugira ngo amaraso atemberere neza
• Kongera umunyu mu byo urya (bikorerwa n'abaganga)
• Kunywa amazi menshi, cyane cyane amazi
• Kuhaguruka gahoro iyo wicaye cyangwa uryamye
• Kuryama umutwe wawe uri hejuru
• Kwimuka ahantu hashyushye cyane no kwiyuhagira igihe kirekire

Muganga wawe ashobora no kugusaba kuvura indwara zose zishobora gutuma ugira umuvuduko w'amaraso ugabanuka iyo uhagurutse. Rimwe na rimwe gukemura ikibazo cyateye ibi bishobora kuvura ibimenyetso byawe cyane utagombye gukoresha imiti nka midodrine.

Ese Midodrine iruta Fludrocortisone?

Nta midodrine cyangwa fludrocortisone iruta iyindi. Guhitamo biterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe buteye, indwara ufite, n'uko wakira imiti yombi.

Midodrine ikunda gukora vuba kandi ntigire ingaruka nyinshi mu gihe kirekire, bituma iba nziza ku bantu benshi. Ntiyongera amazi mu mubiri nk'uko fludrocortisone ibikora, ibyo bikaba by'ingenzi niba ufite ibibazo by'umutima cyangwa impyiko.

Ku rundi ruhande, fludrocortisone ishobora kugira akamaro kanini ku bantu bamwe kandi ishobora gufatwa kenshi. Ariko, ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye uko igihe kigenda, harimo kugabanuka kwa potasiyumu no kwiyongera kw'indwara.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'izindi ndwara ufite, imiti urimo gufata, n'uburyo ubaho mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi igihe afata icyemezo cy'uburyo bwiza kuri wowe. Abantu bamwe banungukirwa no gufatira imiti yombi hamwe bayobowe n'abaganga.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Kuri Midodrine

Q1. Ese Midodrine irakwiriye ku bantu barwaye diyabete?

Midodrine irashobora gukoreshwa neza ku bantu barwaye diyabete, ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa byimbitse no kwitonda. Diyabete irashobora kugira ingaruka ku miyoboro y'amaraso n'imitsi, bishobora guhindura uburyo umubiri wawe witwara ku muti.

Muganga wawe azagomba gukurikirana umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe cyane kandi ashobora gutangira kuguha urugero ruto. Diyabete irashobora kandi kugira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri wawe ugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso mu buryo busanzwe, bityo ingaruka za midodrine zishobora kugaragara cyane.

Niba urwaye indwara ya diyabete mu mpyisi, muganga wawe azitonda cyane mu gutanga midodrine, kuko ibibazo by'impyisi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri wawe ukoresha umuti. Buri gihe bwire muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'imicungire ya diyabete yawe n'ibibazo byose wigeze guhura nabyo.

Q2. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba mfashe midodrine nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba ufata midodrine nyinshi bitunguranye kuruta uko byategetswe, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa ugenzure iby'uburozi ako kanya, cyane cyane niba wafashe nyinshi cyane kuruta urugero rwawe rusanzwe. Gufata nyinshi cyane bishobora gutera umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi cyane.

Ibimenyetso byo gufata midodrine nyinshi birimo kubabara umutwe cyane, kureba nabi, kubabara mu gituza, cyangwa kumva umutima wawe utera mu buryo butunganye. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, shaka ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi bwihutirwa ako kanya.

Mugihe utegereje ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi, uryame hasi kandi ugerageze gutuza. Irinde ibikorwa byose bishobora kongera umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe, nk'imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa ibihe birimo umunaniro.

Kugirango wirinde gufata imiti myinshi bitunguranye, tekereza gukoresha umuteguro w'ibinini cyangwa gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone kugirango bigufashe kumenya igihe wafatiye umuti wawe.

Q3. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba ntasubiyeho urugero rwa midodrine?

Niba utabonye urugero rwa midodrine, rufate ako kanya wibuka, keretse niba hafi y'urugero rwawe ruteganyijwe. Ntukigere ufata urugero rwa kabiri icyarimwe kugirango usubizeho urwo utabonye.

Niba igihe cyo gufata urundi urugero kitarashira amasaha 2, reka urugero wibagiwe ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe. Ibi bifasha kwirinda ko umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe uzamuka cyane bitewe n'urugero rurenze urugero.

Wibuke ko urugero rwawe rwa nyuma rutagomba gufatwa nyuma ya saa sita z'ijoro, kabone n'iyo waba waribagiwe urugero rwo mbere. Gufata midodrine nyuma y'igihe gishobora gutera umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi mu gihe uryamye.

Niba ukunda kwibagirwa urugero, ganira na muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kugufasha kwibuka, nko guhuza urugero n'ifunguro cyangwa ibikorwa bya buri munsi.

Q4. Ni ryari nshobora kureka gufata Midodrine?

Ugomba kureka gufata midodrine gusa ukurikije ubuyobozi bwa muganga wawe, kuko bagomba kumenya niba bifite umutekano kandi bikwiye kuri wowe. Guhagarika ako kanya bishobora gutera umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe kugabanuka vuba, bishobora gutera isereri cyangwa kuruka.

Muganga wawe akenshi azashaka kugabanya buhoro buhoro urugero rwawe mu minsi cyangwa mu byumweru byinshi aho guhagarika ako kanya. Bazagenzura kandi ibimenyetso byawe n'umuvuduko w'amaraso muri iki gihe.

Umwanzuro wo guhagarika midodrine uterwa n'ibintu byinshi, harimo uburyo ubuzima bwawe bwateye imbere neza n'niba warakoze impinduka mu mibereho yawe zifasha kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe mu buryo busanzwe.

Abantu bamwe bashobora gushobora kureka gufata midodrine niba ubuzima bwabo buteye imbere, mu gihe abandi bashobora kuyikeneye igihe kirekire. Muganga wawe azagenzura buri gihe niba ukikeneye umuti kandi agahindura gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa uko bikwiye.

Q5. Nshobora kunywa inzoga nkanwa midodrine?

Nibyiza kwirinda inzoga cyangwa kunywa gusa ingano ntoya cyane mugihe ufata midodrine, kuko inzoga ishobora kubangamira imikorere y'umuti kandi ikongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka mbi.

Inzoga irashobora kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe no gukomeza hypotension ya orthostatic, bishobora gutuma ibimenyetso byawe birushaho nubwo ufata midodrine. Irashobora kandi kongera ibyago byawe byo kugira isereri no kuruka.

Niba uhisemo kunywa rimwe na rimwe, ganira na muganga wawe ku birebana n'imipaka n'ingamba zitunganye. Bashobora kugusaba kwirinda inzoga rwose cyangwa kwishyiriraho urugero ruto cyane hamwe n'ibiryo.

Buri gihe genzura uko wumva umerewe niba unywa mu gihe ufata midodrine, kandi wirinde ibikorwa nk'imodoka cyangwa gukoresha imashini niba wumva uruka cyangwa utameze neza.