Icyo Mitotane ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, Uburyo bwo kuyifata, Ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Mitotane ni umuti wihariye ukoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri ya adrenocortical, ubwoko bwa kanseri butamenyerewe ariko bukomeye bugira ingaruka ku misemburo y'amaraso. Niba wowe cyangwa umuntu ukunda yarandikiwe uyu muti, birashoboka ko urimo guhangana n'amarangamutima n'ibibazo bikomeye ku byo biri imbere.

Uyu muti ukomeye urwanya kanseri ukora ukoresha ibice bya kanseri mu gice cy'imisemburo y'amaraso, kandi ukanatanga ubufasha mu gucunga ibimenyetso iyo kanseri itashoboye gukurwaho burundu. Nubwo mitotane isaba gukurikiranwa neza kandi ishobora gutera ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti, ni igikoresho cy'ingenzi cyagize uruhare mu gufasha abantu benshi gucunga iyi ndwara igoye.

Mitotane ni iki?

Mitotane ni umuti wa chemotherapy unyobwa mu kanwa kandi ukaba mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa adrenolytic agents. Yibanda by'umwihariko ku gice cyo hanze cy'imisemburo y'amaraso, cyitwa adrenal cortex, aho ubwoko bumwe bwa kanseri bushobora kwaduka.

Imisemburo y'amaraso yicara hejuru y'impyiko zawe kandi ikora imisemburo y'ingenzi nka cortisol na aldosterone. Iyo kanseri yadutse muri iyi misemburo, mitotane irashobora gufasha mu kurwanya selile za kanseri no kugabanya umusaruro mwinshi w'imisemburo ukunze kubaho hamwe n'ubu bwoko bwa tumor.

Uyu muti umaze gukoreshwa imyaka myinshi kandi ukomeje kuba umwe mu miti ikora neza cyane ikoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri ya adrenocortical. Nubwo ifatwa nk'umuti ukomeye usaba gukurikiranwa neza, abarwayi benshi basanze ifasha mu gucunga indwara yabo.

Mitotane ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Mitotane ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura kanseri ya adrenocortical, kanseri itamenyerewe igira ingaruka ku bantu bagera kuri 1-2 kuri miliyoni buri mwaka. Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba uyu muti mu bihe bibiri bikuru.

Icya mbere, mitotane ishobora gukoreshwa nyuma yo kubagwa kugirango bakuremo igituntu cyo mu gice cy'umubiri gishinzwe imisemburo, kabone niyo kubagwa byagaragara ko byagenze neza. Ubu buryo, bwitwa adjuvant therapy, bufasha kugabanya ibyago byo gusubira inyuma kwa kanseri hagamijwe gusenyera uturemangingo twa kanseri dusigaye dushobora kuba duto cyane ku buryo tutagaragara.

Icya kabiri, uyu muti ushobora gufasha gucunga kanseri ya adrenocortical igihe kanseri yafashe ibindi bice by'umubiri cyangwa idashobora gukurwaho burundu no kubagwa. Muri ibi bihe, mitotane irashobora gufasha gutinda gukura kwa kanseri no kugabanya ibimenyetso biterwa no kurenga urugero rwo gukora imisemburo.

Abaganga bamwe kandi bandika mitotane kuri syndrome ya Cushing iyo iterwa n'ibituntu byo mu gice cy'umubiri gishinzwe imisemburo. Iyi ndwara ibaho iyo umubiri wawe ukora cortisol nyinshi cyane, bigatuma ibimenyetso nk'inyongera y'ibiro, umuvuduko mwinshi w'amaraso, n'imihindukire y'amarangamutima.

Mitotane ikora ite?

Mitotane ikora yibanda by'umwihariko ku gusenya uturemangingo two muri cortex ya adrenal, haba uturemangingo twa kanseri ndetse n'utwo muri kariya gace. Tekereza nk'umuti ufite ubushobozi bwihariye bwo gukurura igice cy'umubiri gishinzwe imisemburo, ukemerera kwibanda ku ngaruka zayo aho zikenewe cyane.

Uyu muti uvanga n'imikorere y'imisemburo ya steroid mu ngingo zawe zishinzwe imisemburo, harimo cortisol na aldosterone. Iki gikorwa cyombi gifasha kurwanya uturemangingo twa kanseri mugihe kandi kigabanya urugero rwo hejuru rw'imisemburo akenshi itera ibimenyetso bibabaje ku barwayi bafite ibituntu byo mu gice cy'umubiri gishinzwe imisemburo.

Ibi bifatwa nk'umuti ukomeye kuko ushobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere y'igice cyawe gishinzwe imisemburo. Mugihe ubu buryo bwibanda ari bwo butuma mitotane ikora neza kurwanya kanseri y'igice cy'umubiri gishinzwe imisemburo, bisobanura kandi ko uzakenera ubuvuzi bwo gusimbuza imisemburo kugirango ugumane imikorere isanzwe y'umubiri.

Umuti wiyongera mu bice byawe by'ibinure uko igihe kigenda gihita, bivuze ko ukomeza gukora kabone niyo wareka kuwufata. Iki kiranga gifasha gukomeza ingaruka zayo zo kurwanya kanseri ariko nanone bisobanura ko ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti zishobora kumara ibyumweru cyangwa amezi nyuma yo kurangiza ubuvuzi.

Nkwiriye Gufata Nte Mitotane?

Mitotane igomba gufatwa uko byategetswe na muganga wawe w’inzobere mu kuvura kanseri, akenshi ugatangira n'urugero ruto rugenda ruzamuka buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda gihita. Muganga wawe azagenzura neza urugero rwa mitotane mu maraso yawe akoresheje ibizamini, hanyuma ahindure urugero rwa mitotane kugira ngo abone urugero rukwiriye hagati y’uko umuti ukora neza n’uko umubiri wawe wihanganira ingaruka zayo.

Fata mitotane hamwe n'ibiryo, cyane cyane hamwe n'amafunguro arimo amavuta, kuko ibi bifasha umubiri wawe kwinjiza umuti neza. Abantu benshi babona ko bifasha gufata umuti ku masaha amwe buri munsi kugira ngo bagumane urugero rwawo ruhamye mu mubiri wabo.

Abantu benshi batangirana na garama 2-6 ku munsi, zigabanyijemo doze 3-4 umunsi wose. Muganga wawe ashobora kongera uru rugero buhoro buhoro, rimwe na rimwe bikagera kuri garama 8-10 ku munsi, bitewe n'uko wihanganira umuti n'urugero rwawo mu maraso yawe.

Ni ngombwa kuguma ufite amazi ahagije mu mubiri wawe mugihe ufata mitotane kandi ukirinda inzoga, kuko byombi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri wawe ukoresha umuti. Itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga rizatanga ubujyanama bwihariye ku biryo byose cyangwa indi miti yo kwirinda.

Nkwiriye Gufata Mitotane Igihe Kingana Gite?

Igihe cyo kuvurwa na mitotane gitandukanye cyane bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze n'uko witwara neza ku muti. Abantu bamwe bayifata amezi menshi, mu gihe abandi bashobora kuyikeneye imyaka myinshi.

Niba ufata mitotane nyuma yo kubagwa kugira ngo wirinde ko kanseri yagaruka, kuvurwa bikunze gukomeza imyaka 2-5, mugihe uyihanganira neza kandi urugero rwa mitotane mu maraso yawe rukiri rukwiriye. Muganga wawe azagenzura buri gihe niba gukomeza kuvurwa bifitiye akamaro urugero rwawe rwihariye.

Kubera kanseri ya adrenocortical yateye imbere, kuvurwa akenshi bikomeza igihe cyose umuti ufasha kugenzura kanseri kandi wihanganira ingaruka zayo neza. Itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga rizakurikirana iterambere ryawe binyuze mu bipimo bisanzwe n'ibizamini by'amaraso.

Ntugahagarike gufata mitotane mu buryo butunguranye utabanje kubiganiraho na muganga wawe. Kubera ko umuti uguma mu mubiri wawe mu byumweru cyangwa amezi, imiti ikugenza imisemburo yawe n'igihe cyo kugenzura bishobora gukenera guhindurwa kabone n'iyo umaze guhagarika kuwufata.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara bya Mitotane?

Mitotane ishobora gutera ibikorwa bitandukanye bigaragara kuko bigira ingaruka ku mikorere isanzwe y'ingingo zikora imisemburo yawe, ariko kumenya ibyo witegura bishobora kugufasha kwitegura no kubicunga neza. Ibikorwa bigaragara byinshi bifitanye isano n'ingaruka z'umuti ku mikorere y'imisemburo n'imitsi yawe.

Dore ibikorwa bigaragara bisanzwe ushobora guhura nabyo:

• Ibibazo byo mu gifu: Isesemi, kuruka, impiswi, no kubura ubushake bwo kurya ni ibisanzwe cyane, cyane cyane mugihe utangiye kuvurwa cyangwa wiyongera doze
• Ibimenyetso byo mu mutwe: Kuribwa umutwe, urujijo, umunaniro, n'ibibazo byo guhuza ibice by'umubiri bishobora kubaho mugihe umuti ugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'imitsi yawe
• Kudahaguruka kw'imisemburo: Uzakenera imiti ikugenza imisemburo kuko mitotane igabanya imisemburo yawe isanzwe ikorwa
• Impinduka zo ku ruhu: Gushyushya uruhu, gutukura, cyangwa kwiyongera kw'ubushyuhe bw'izuba bishobora gutera
• Umunaniro rusange: Abarwayi benshi bahura n'umunaniro n'intege nke, cyane cyane mu byumweru bya mbere byo kuvurwa

Ibi bikorwa bigaragara bisanzwe bikunze gukira mugihe umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti kandi imiti ikugenza imisemburo yawe ikozwe neza. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizakorana nawe bya hafi kugirango bicunge ibi bikorwa.

Ibikorwa bimwe bitagaragara cyane ariko bikomeye bisaba ubufasha bwihuse bwa muganga. Nubwo ibi bibaho ku gice gito cy'abarwayi, ni ngombwa kubimenya:

• Ibimenyetso bikomeye byo mu bwonko: Kwibeshya bikomeye, ibibazo byo kwibuka, cyangwa kugorana guhuza ibikorwa bigatuma utabasha gukora imirimo yawe ya buri munsi
• Ibyago byo mu ngingo zikora imisemburo: Intege nke zikomeye, isesemi, kuruka, n'umuvuduko muke w'amaraso bishobora gutera urupfu hatabonetse ubufasha bwihuse
• Ibibazo by'umwijima: Kuzamuka kw'imisemburo y'umwijima, umuhondo w'uruhu cyangwa amaso, cyangwa kuribwa cyane mu nda
• Urugero rukomeye rw'uburwayi bwo kwivumbura: Kugorana guhumeka, ibiheri bikomeye, cyangwa kubyimba mu maso no mu muhogo

Muganga wawe azakugenzura neza akoresheje ibizamini by'amaraso buri gihe no kugenzura kugira ngo amenye impinduka zose ziteye inkeke hakiri kare. Ingaruka nyinshi zishobora gucungwa niba ufashwa neza kandi ugahindura gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa.

Ninde utagomba gufata Mitotane?

Mitotane ntabwo ikwiriye kuri buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azagenzura neza niba ari wo muti ukwiriye kuri wowe. Uburwayi runaka n'ibihe bituma uyu muti utaba mwiza cyangwa utagira akamaro.

Ntabwo ugomba gufata mitotane niba ufite allergie izwi kuri uyu muti cyangwa ibikoresho byawo. Abantu bafite indwara ikomeye y'umwijima ntibashobora gukoresha uyu muti neza, kuko mitotane ishobora kongera guhangayika imikorere y'umwijima.

Gusama bitera ibibazo byihariye kuko mitotane ishobora gukomeretsa umwana ukiri mu nda. Abagore batwite cyangwa bateganya gusama bagomba kuganira ku bindi byavura n'ikipe yabo y'ubuzima. Abagabo n'abagore bagomba gukoresha uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro neza mu gihe bafata uyu muti.

Niba uri konka, mitotane ishobora kujya mu mata kandi igashobora gukomeretsa umwana wawe. Muganga wawe azaganira ku byago n'akamaro kandi agufashe gufata icyemezo cyiza kuri wowe no ku mwana wawe.

Indwara zimwe na zimwe zisaba kwitonda cyane igihe cyo gutekereza ku kuvura na mitotane. Abantu bafite indwara zikomeye z'impyiko, indwara zikomeye zandura, cyangwa ibibazo bikomeye byo mu mutwe bashobora gukenera uburyo bwo kuvura buhinduka cyangwa gukurikiranwa byiyongera.

Amazina ya Mitotane

Mitotane iboneka munsi y'izina rya Lysodren mu bihugu byinshi, harimo n'Amerika. Iyi ni yo miti ikoreshwa cyane kandi imaze imyaka myinshi ikoreshwa neza.

Mu turere tumwe na tumwe, ushobora kubona mitotane iboneka munsi y'amazina atandukanye cyangwa nk'ubwoko bwa generic. Ariko, kubera ko uyu muti usaba gupima neza no gukurikiranwa, ni ngombwa kuguma ku izina rimwe cyangwa uburyo bumwe keretse muganga wawe abyemeye byumwihariko.

Farumasi yawe igomba guhora itanga izina rimwe cyangwa ubwoko bwa generic kugirango habeho guhuza mu kuvurwa kwawe. Niba ubonye itandukaniro iryo ariryo ryose mu isura ry'umuti wawe, ganira na farumasi yawe cyangwa umuganga wawe mbere yo kuwufata.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Mitotane

Mugihe mitotane ikomeza kuba uburyo bwambere bwo kuvura kanseri ya adrenocortical, izindi nzira nyinshi zishobora gutekerezwa bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze n'uburyo wihanganira mitotane.

Kubarwayi badashobora kwihanganira mitotane cyangwa ntibasubize neza, imiti yindi ya chemotherapy nka etoposide, doxorubicin, cisplatin, cyangwa streptozocin ishobora gukoreshwa yonyine cyangwa ihujwe. Izi nzira zikora mu buryo butandukanye na mitotane ariko zirashobora gufasha kurwanya kanseri ya adrenal.

Ubuvuzi bushya bwibanda ku ntego n'imiti ya immunotherapy irimo kwigwa kuri kanseri ya adrenocortical, nubwo ibi bikunze kuboneka binyuze mu igeragezwa rya kliniki cyangwa kubibazo byihariye. Umuganga wawe w'inzobere mu by'indwara z'umutima ashobora kuganira niba izi nzira nshya zikwiriye kubera urubanza rwawe.

Mu gukoresha imiti ifasha mu gucunga ibimenyetso bifitanye isano n'imisemburo, imiti nka ketoconazole, metyrapone, cyangwa etomidate ishobora gufasha kugabanya umusaruro w'imisemburo mwinshi itarwanya mu buryo butaziguye selile za kanseri. Iyi miti ishobora gukoreshwa hamwe na mitotane cyangwa mu mwanya wayo mu bihe bimwe na bimwe.

Ese Mitotane iruta izindi miti ivura kanseri y'imitsi ikora imisemburo?

Mitotane ifatwa nk'umuti w'agaciro mu kuvura kanseri y'imitsi ikora imisemburo kuko ni wo muti wiganje wizeho cyane mu kuvura iyi kanseri idakunze kuboneka. Imyaka myinshi y'ubushakashatsi yagaragaje ko ishobora gufasha kongera imyaka yo kubaho no kunoza imibereho myiza ya benshi barwaye iyi kanseri.

Bitandukanye n'indi miti ivura kanseri ikora ku selile zose zo mu mubiri wawe, mitotane yibanda by'umwihariko ku gice cy'imitsi ikora imisemburo, bigatuma ikora neza cyane ku kanseri y'imitsi ikora imisemburo. Ubu buryo bwihariye akenshi butuma ikora neza kurusha imiti isanzwe ivura kanseri y'ubwoko bwihariye bwa kanseri.

Ariko, "kurusha" biterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe bwite bumeze, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, n'uko wihanganira umuti. Abarwayi bamwe bitwara neza iyo bakoresha imiti ivura kanseri irimo mitotane hamwe n'indi miti ivura kanseri, mu gihe abandi bitwara neza bakoresha mitotane yonyine.

Umuhanga wawe mu by'ubuvuzi azatekereza ku bintu nk'urwego rwa kanseri yawe, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, imiti wahawe mbere, n'ibyo wifuza ku giti cyawe mu gihe agushakira uburyo bwiza bwo kuvurwa bujyanye n'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye.

Ibikunze kubazwa kuri Mitotane

Ese Mitotane irakwiriye ku bantu barwaye diyabete?

Mitotane ishobora gukoreshwa ku bantu barwaye diyabete, ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa no gucungwa neza. Uyu muti ushobora kugira ingaruka ku rugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe haba mu buryo butaziguye no mu ngaruka zayo ku musaruro w'imisemburo.

Kubera ko mitotane ifunga imitsi ikora imisemburo yawe, uzakenera imiti isimbura imisemburo, ishobora kugira ingaruka ku kugenzura isukari mu maraso yawe. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizakorana nawe bya hafi kugira ngo rihindure imiti yawe ya diyabete kandi rikureberere isukari mu maraso yawe kenshi mu gihe uvurwa.

Abantu benshi barwaye diyabete bafata mitotane neza kandi bagakomeza kugenzura isukari mu maraso. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukugirana ibiganiro byuzuye n'abaganga bavura kanseri ndetse n'ikipe yita ku barwaye diyabete kugira ngo bitange ubufasha buhuriweho.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nanyweye mitotane nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba unyweye mitotane nyinshi bitunguranye kurusha uko wagombaga kunywa, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe ubutabazi bwihuse ako kanya. Kunywa mitotane nyinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zikomeye, cyane cyane ibimenyetso byo mu bwonko no kuruka cyane.

Ntugerageze gusimbura urugero rurenzeho unywa urundi rutiya ukurikira. Ahubwo, kurikiza inama z'umuganga wawe ku bijyanye n'uko wakomeza gahunda yawe isanzwe yo kunywa imiti.

Ibimenyetso byo kunywa mitotane nyinshi bishobora kuba kuruka cyane, guhuzagurika, kutagira ubushobozi bwo kwishyira hamwe, cyangwa gusinzira bidasanzwe. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso nyuma yo kunywa imiti yarenze urugero, gisha ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi ako kanya.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nirengagije kunywa urugero rwa mitotane?

Niba wirengagije kunywa urugero rwa mitotane, unywe ako kanya wibukije, keretse igihe cyo kunywa urugero rwawe rukurikira kigeze. Muri icyo gihe, reka urugero wirengagije hanyuma ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ntunyweho urugero rurenzeho rimwe kugira ngo usimbure urugero wirengagije, kuko ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zikomeye. Kubera ko mitotane iguma mu mubiri wawe igihe kirekire, kurengagiza urugero rumwe na rimwe ntibitera ibibazo nk'uko biba ku yindi miti.

Niba ukunda kwibagirwa kunywa imiti, tekereza gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone cyangwa ukoreshe igikoresho gifasha kwibuka kunywa imiti kugira ngo bigufashe gukurikiza gahunda. Kunywa imiti buri gihe bifasha kugumisha urugero rwa mitotane mu maraso ruri ku rugero rukwiye kandi bigatuma imiti ikora neza.

Nshobora kureka kunywa mitotane ryari?

Umwanzuro wo kureka kunywa mitotane ugomba gufatirwa hamwe n'umuganga wawe uvura kanseri hashingiwe ku buryo wakiriye imiti, ingaruka zayo, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Ntuzigere ureka kunywa mitotane ku bushake bwawe, kabone n'iyo wumva umeze neza.

Muganga wawe azajya asuzuma buri gihe niba gukomeza gufata mitotane bifitiye akamaro ukoresheje ibizamini byerekana ishusho y'umubiri, ibizamini by'amaraso, no gusuzuma ibimenyetso byawe. Niba kanseri igenda neza kandi urimo guhura n'ingaruka zikomeye, muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza guhagarika cyangwa kugabanya urugero rwa mitotane.

Kubera ko mitotane iguma mu mubiri wawe mu byumweru cyangwa amezi nyuma yo kuyihagarika, uzakenera gukomeza gukurikiranwa no guhabwa imiti isimbura imisemburo n'ubwo umaze guhagarika umuti. Itsinda ry'abaganga bazagutegurira gahunda yo guhagarika umuti mu buryo bwizewe.

Nshobora Kugenda Ndafata Mitotane?

Urashobora kugenda urimo gufata mitotane, ariko bisaba gutegura no kwitwararika byinshi. Jya uzana imiti yawe mu bikoresho byayo by'umwimerere kandi uzane ibindi bikoresho byinshi mu gihe habayeho gutinda mu rugendo.

Kubera ko uzaba ufata imiti isimbura imisemburo hamwe na mitotane, menya neza ko ufite imiti ihagije yose y'urugendo rwose hamwe n'iminsi mike y'inyongera. Tekereza kuzana ibaruwa ivuye kwa muganga wawe isobanura uburwayi bwawe n'imiti ufata.

Niba urimo kujya mu gace k'amasaha atandukanye, ganira n'umuganga wawe ku buryo wakoresha gahunda yawe yo gufata imiti. Ni byiza kandi gushakisha ibigo by'ubuvuzi aho ujya kugira ngo ugereho ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi igihe uri kure y'iwanyu.