Rimantadine ni iki: Ibikoreshwa, Uburyo bwo kuyifata, Ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Rimantadine ni umuti urwanya virusi ufasha umubiri wawe kurwanya indwara ya gripu A. Ni umwe mu miti ya kera irwanya virusi ishobora kwirinda no kuvura ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa gripu, nubwo itandikirwa cyane uyu munsi nk'uko hariho izindi nzira nshya. Tekereza nk'umufasha wihariye utuma virusi ya gripu itoroshya kwiyongera mu mubiri wawe.

Rimantadine ni iki?

Rimantadine ni umwe mu miti yitwa adamantanes, akaba ari imiti irwanya virusi yagenewe kurwanya virusi ya gripu A. Ikora ibi ikingira umuyoboro wa poroteyine virusi ikeneye kugirango yororoke kandi ikwire mu mubiri wawe.

Uyu muti umazeho imyaka kuva mu myaka ya za 1990 kandi yari ifite akamaro kanini kurwanya ubwoko bwinshi bwa gripu. Ariko, mu myaka yashize, virusi nyinshi za gripu A zateje ubworozi bwa rimantadine, bivuze ko itagikoreshwa cyane nk'uko byahoze.

Muganga wawe ashobora gushyira mu gaciro rimantadine mu bihe byihariye, cyane cyane iyo izindi nzira zo kurwanya virusi zitakugukwiriye cyangwa iyo ufite ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa gripu bugikora neza kuri uyu muti.

Rimantadine ikoreshwa mu iki?

Rimantadine ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kwirinda no kuvura indwara ya gripu A mu bantu bakuru n'abana bafite hejuru y'umwaka umwe. Irashobora gufasha kugabanya ubukana n'igihe cy'ibimenyetso bya gripu iyo ifashwe mu masaha 48 ya mbere yo gutangira kwerekana ibimenyetso.

Mu kwirinda, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira rimantadine niba warahuye n'umuntu urwaye gripu cyangwa mu gihe cy'icyorezo cya gripu niba uri mu kaga gakomeye ko guhura n'ingorane. Bifitiye akamaro cyane mu ngo z'abageze mu zabukuru cyangwa izindi nzego z'imiryango aho ibyorezo bya gripu bishobora gukwirakwira vuba.

Ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa ko rimantadine ikora gusa ku virusi ya gripe A, atari gripe B cyangwa izindi virusi zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero nk'ibicurane bisanzwe. Muganga wawe azemeza niba ibimenyetso byawe bishobora guterwa n'ubwoko bwa virusi bushobora gusubizwa n'uyu muti.

Rimantadine ikora ite?

Rimantadine ifatwa nk'umuti urwanya virusi ukora neza iyo ukora ku bwoko bwa gripe bworoheje. Igenzura poroteyine yihariye yitwa M2, ikora nk'irembo virusi ya gripe zikoresha kugirango zinjire kandi zive mu ngirangingo zawe.

Mugukingira iyi nzira ya poroteyine, rimantadine irinda virusi kurangiza neza ubuzima bwayo. Ibi bivuze ko virusi igira igihe kigoye cyane cyo kwikorera no gukwirakwira mu zindi ngirangingo zo mu myanya yawe y'ubuhumekero.

Uyu muti ukora neza iyo utangiye hakiri kare mu gihe cy'ubwandu, byaba byiza mu masaha 48 nyuma yo gutangira kw'ibimenyetso. Nyuma y'iki gihe, virusi akenshi iba yarimaze kwishyiriraho neza cyane ku buryo rimantadine itagira icyo ihindura.

Nkwiriye gufata rimantadine nte?

Rimantadine ikunze gufatwa mu kanwa mu buryo bw'ibipimo cyangwa sirupe, akenshi rimwe cyangwa kabiri ku munsi bitewe n'amabwiriza ya muganga wawe. Urashobora kuyifata hamwe cyangwa utayifatanije n'ibiryo, nubwo kuyifata hamwe n'ibiryo bishobora gufasha kugabanya imivumo mu gifu niba hari iyo ufite.

Mugukiza, urugero rusanzwe ku bantu bakuru ni 100 mg kabiri ku munsi mu gihe cy'iminsi 5-7. Mugukingira, akenshi itangwa nk'100 mg rimwe ku munsi. Urutonde rw'abana rubarwa hashingiwe ku gipimo cy'uburemere n'imyaka, bityo muganga wawe azemeza igipimo gikwiye ku mwana wawe.

Gerageza gufata rimantadine ku gihe kimwe buri munsi kugirango ugumane urwego ruzigama mu mubiri wawe. Niba uyifata kabiri ku munsi, shyira intera y'amasaha 12 hagati y'ibipimo. Nywa amazi menshi mugihe ufata uyu muti kugirango ugumane amazi ahagije mu mubiri wawe.

Nkwiriye gufata rimantadine igihe kingana iki?

Mugihe cyo kuvura ibimenyetso bya gripe ikora, rimantadine isanzwe itangwa mu gihe cy'iminsi 5-7, igatangira vuba bishoboka nyuma yuko ibimenyetso bitangiye. Igihe nyacyo giterwa n'uburemere bw'ibimenyetso byawe n'uburyo wihuta.

Iyo ikoreshwa mu gukumira, ushobora gufata rimantadine mu gihe cy'igihembwe cya gripe cyangwa mu gihe cy'ibyumweru 6, bitewe n'ibintu bigushyira mu kaga n'uko wahuye n'icyorezo. Muganga wawe azagena igihe gikwiye hashingiwe ku miterere yawe yihariye.

Ntukareke gufata rimantadine kare, kabone niyo utangiye kumva umeze neza. Kurangiza urugendo rwose bifasha kumenya neza ko virusi ihagaritswe neza kandi bigabanya amahirwe yo kugaruka ikomeye.

Ni Iyihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Rimantadine?

Abantu benshi bafata rimantadine neza, ariko nk'imiti yose, irashobora gutera ingaruka. Inkuru nziza ni uko ingaruka zikomeye zitaba kenshi, kandi abantu benshi bahura n'ingaruka zoroshye gusa niba hari izo bafite.

Dore ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo:

• Isesemi cyangwa kuribwa mu nda
• Urugero cyangwa umutwe
• Kugorana gusinzira cyangwa kutabona ibitotsi
• Ubwoba cyangwa guhangayika
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya
• Umunwa wumye
• Kunanirwa cyangwa intege nke

Izi ngaruka zikunze kuba zoroshye kandi akenshi zikagenda uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti. Gufata rimantadine hamwe n'ibiryo birashobora gufasha kugabanya ingaruka zijyanye n'inda.

Nubwo bitaba kenshi, abantu bamwe bashobora guhura n'ingaruka zikomeye zisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse. Izi zirimo urugero rukabije, urujijo, kugorana kwibanda, cyangwa impinduka zidasanzwe z'imitekerereze. Niba ubonye ibimenyetso bibangamiye, vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya.

Ninde Utagomba Gufata Rimantadine?

Rimantadine ntibereye buri wese, kandi hariho ibintu bimwe na bimwe aho muganga wawe yagusaba undi muti. Abantu bafite ibibazo bikomeye by'impyiko bakwiye gukoresha rimantadine bafite ubwitonzi, kuko uyu muti unyuzwa mu mpyiko.

Ukwiye kumenyesha muganga wawe niba ufite amateka y'ibibazo byo gufatwa n'indwara, indwara y'umwijima, cyangwa ibibazo byo mu mutwe, kuko rimantadine rimwe na rimwe ishobora gukomeza ibi bibazo. Abantu bakuze bashobora kugaragaza ubwumvikane bukomeye ku ngaruka z'uyu muti kandi bashobora gukenera guhindura urugero rw'umuti.

Abagore batwite bakwiye kuganira ku byago n'inyungu na muganga wabo, kuko hariho amakuru make yerekeye umutekano wa rimantadine mu gihe cyo gutwita. Niba uri konka, umuti muto ushobora kujya mu mata y'ibere, bityo muganga wawe azagufasha gupima inyungu n'ibyago bishoboka.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Rimantadine

Izina risanzwe rya rimantadine muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika ni Flumadine, nubwo riboneka kandi nk'umuti rusange. Urugero rusange rukubiyemo ibintu bikora kimwe kandi bikora neza kimwe n'urugero rw'izina ry'ubwoko.

Farumasi yawe ishobora kugira urugero rutandukanye rw'abakora rimantadine rusange, ariko bose buzuza ubuziranenge bumwe n'amabwiriza y'imikorere. Niba ufite impungenge zerekeye guhindura hagati y'uburyo butandukanye, ganira ibi na farumasi yawe cyangwa muganga wawe.

Uburyo bwa Rimantadine

Imiti itandukanye ya antiviral iraboneka yo kuvura no gukumira grip, kandi myinshi ikoreshwa cyane uyu munsi kuruta rimantadine. Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) na zanamivir (Relenza) ni inhibitors ya neuraminidase ikora ku virusi ya grip A na B.

Baloxavir marboxil (Xofluza) ni antiviral nshya ishobora gufatwa nk'urugero rumwe rwo kuvura. Ubu buryo bwo gusimbuza akenshi burahinduka kuko bukora ku bwoko bwa grip butandukanye kandi kurwanya ntibisanzwe.

Umuganga wawe azahitamo umuti urwanya virusi mwiza hashingiwe ku bintu nk'ubwoko bwa gripu buzenguruka mu karere kawe, imyaka yawe, izindi ndwara ufite, n'uburyo bwo kurwanya ubu. Rimwe na rimwe, ubufasha bwo kuruhuka, amazi, n'imiti itagurishwa ku isoko bishobora kuba uburyo bukwiye cyane.

Ese Rimantadine iruta Oseltamivir?

Ibi biterwa n'ibintu byinshi, harimo ubwoko bwa gripu buzenguruka n'ubuzima bwawe bwite. Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) muri rusange irahabwa agaciro ubu kuko ikora ku virusi zombi za influenza A na B, mugihe rimantadine igamije gusa influenza A.

Oseltamivir kandi ihura no kurwanya guke ku bwoko bwa gripu ziriho, bituma ikora neza. Ariko, rimantadine irashobora guhitwamo mu bihe byihariye aho oseltamivir idakwiriye cyangwa itaboneka.

Umuganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'uburyo bwa gripu bwaho, amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi, imikoranire y'imiti ishoboka, n'ikiguzi mugihe afata icyemezo cy'umuti urwanya virusi ukwiriye kuri wewe. Imiti yombi ikora neza mugihe itangiye mumasaha 48 nyuma yo gutangira kwerekana ibimenyetso.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Rimantadine

Ese rimantadine irakwiriye kubantu barwaye indwara z'umutima?

Rimantadine muri rusange ifatwa nkumutekano kubantu barwaye indwara z'umutima, kuko mubisanzwe ntigira ingaruka kumutima cyangwa umuvuduko w'amaraso. Ariko, ugomba buri gihe kumenyesha umuganga wawe kubyerekeye indwara z'umutima mbere yo gutangira umuti mushya uwo ariwo wose.

Abantu bamwe barwaye indwara z'umutima bashobora kumva bazungera cyangwa bafite umunaniro mugihe bafata rimantadine, ibyo bishobora kuba bikomeye niba usanzwe ufite ibibazo byo gutembera kw'amaraso. Umuganga wawe ashobora kugukurikiranira hafi no guhindura urugero niba bibaye ngombwa.

Nigomba gukora iki niba mfashe rimantadine nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba wanyoye rimantadine nyinshi kuruta uko wagombaga, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe ubumara ako kanya. Kunywa nyinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zirimo kuribwa cyane, urujijo, cyangwa guhinduka kw'umuvuduko w'umutima.

Ntugerageze "gusubiza" kubera kunywa nyinshi uba wibagiwe doze ikurikira. Ahubwo, shakisha inama z'ubuvuzi zerekeye uburyo wakomeza neza. Guma ukurikira urugero wanyoye n'igihe, kuko aya makuru azagufasha abaganga kumenya uburyo bwiza bwo gukora.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nibagiwe doze ya rimantadine?

Niba wibagiwe doze, yinywere ako kanya wibukije, keretse igihe cyegereje doze yawe ikurikira. Muri icyo gihe, reka doze wibagiwe ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe. Ntukanywe doze ebyiri icyarimwe kugira ngo usubize iyo wibagiwe.

Gerageza kugira igihe gihamye cyo kunywa imiti yawe kugira ngo ugumane urugero rwawo mu mubiri wawe. Gushyiraho ibyibutsa kuri terefone cyangwa kunywa rimantadine icyarimwe n'ibindi bikorwa bya buri munsi birashobora kugufasha kwibuka.

Nshobora guhagarika kunywa rimantadine ryari?

Ukwiriye kurangiza rimantadine yose uko yanditswe n'umuganga wawe, n'iyo watangira kumva umeze neza mbere yo kurangiza imiti yose. Guhagarika hakiri kare bishobora korohereza virusi kugaruka kandi bikaba byatera kurwanya imiti.

Niba uri kunywa rimantadine yo kwirinda, umuganga wawe azakubwira igihe cyo guhagarika bitewe n'ibyago byo guhura n'indwara n'uko icyorezo cya gripu gihagaze mu gace kawe. Ntukahagarike imiti yo kwirinda utabanje kubaza umuganga wawe.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga niba ndi kunywa rimantadine?

Nubwo nta kintu gihuriye hagati ya rimantadine n'inzoga, ni byiza kwirinda kunywa mu gihe uri gukira gripu. Inzoga irashobora gutuma umubiri wumagara kandi ikabangamira ubushobozi bwawe bwo kurwanya indwara.

Ikindi kandi, rimantadine na alukolo byombi bishobora gutera isereri cyangwa gusinzira, bityo kubivanga bishobora kongera ibyo byose. Wibande ku kuguma ufite amazi ahagije unywa amazi n'izindi nzitizi zitari alukolo mugihe urimo gufata uyu muti.