Ndiri Kungonetswa Chete, Kana Izvi Zvingave Zvinokonzerwa neADHD? Kunzwisisa Zviratidzo uye Kuti Ungazvizive Sei

Hapana online quiz inogona kuongorora ADHD. Izvozvo zvinofanira kutaurwa pakutanga nekuti vanhu vakawanda vanosvika pachingabviro ichi vachitarisira mhinduro yakajeka kubva pachikamu chemaverengero uye kwete kudaro ADHD diagnosis inoshanda. Zvishandiso zvekuongorora zvinogona kubatsira sei kuti uone kana zviratidzo zvako zviri kusimba zvakakwana neADHD kuti zviregererwe kuendesa kuongororo yenyanzvi? Ndizvo chinangwa chavo. Kuongorora, kwete kuongorora.

Chishandiso Chekuongorora Chakasimbiswa Zvakanaka: ASRS

The Adult ADHD Self Report Scale (ASRS) ndicho chishandiso chekuongorora chinonyanya kureverwa cheADHD muvanhu vakuru. Chakagadzirwa neWorld Health Organization pamwe nevatsvakurudzi veHarvard Medical School neNew York University.

ASRS ine mibvunzo 18 yakavakirwa paDSM criteria, yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri. Chikamu A chine zvinhu 6 zviri zvakanyanya zvichiita kuti zviongorore kuva neADHD. Chikamu B chinowedzera zvinhu 12 zvinoongorora zvakadzama kune zvikamu zvakasiyana zvezviratidzo. Bvunzo rega rega rinoshandisa chiyero chemapoinzi mashanu kubva pa "Hapana rinhi" kusvika pa "Kazhinji Kwazvo."

Panyaya yekunaka: ongororo yekusimbisa muna 2020 ichienzanisa 646 vakuru vane ADHD vakazviongororwa nemazana 908 evanhuwo zvavo vakawana kuti ASRS yakawana Area Under the Curve (AUC) ye0.904, iyo yakafungidzirwa kuva yekunaka kwakanyanya kwekuongorora kwechishandiso chekuongorora. Chikamu cheA chechinhu 6 chakaita zvakafanana (AUC 0.903). Pakucheka kwakakurudzirwa, chakazvisimbisa zvakanaka 9 kubva pa10 vakuru vane ADHD zvichichengeta 88% specificity.

Kune izvozvo, ASRS ine zvishoma zvakajeka. Inoshandisa chimiro chebvunzo chakavharika chehongu/kwete kana kuregererwa kwekazhinji, izvo zvichireva kuti inobata zviratidzo zvepamusoro pasina zvakawanda zvinorehwa. Haisi kugona kusiyanisa ADHD kubva kuzvirwere zvine zviratidzo zvakafanana. Uye haina kugadzirirwa kushanda seyakazvimirira chishandiso chekuongorora. Vatsvakurudzi vezvinhu izvi vakazvitaura pachena: ichi chishandiso chekuongorora, kwete kubvunzurudza kwezvokurapa.

Zvimwe zvishandiso zvakasimbiswa zviripo. The Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) inoongorora zviratidzo zveuduku zvichitariswa shure. The Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) zvinowanzoshandiswa mune zvokurapa. Vanderbilt Assessment Scales zvinowanzoshandiswa kuvana. Hapana chimwe chezvinhu izvi chinotsiva kuongorora kweunyanzvi.

Zviratidzo zveADHD Zvinotaridzika Sei PaChokwadi

Kana uri kuyedza kuziva kana zvawakatarisana nazvo zvichiwirirana neADHD, zvinobatsira kuziva kuti chiremba ari kunyatsoongorora chii. DSM 5 inoronga zviratidzo zveADHD muzvikamu zviviri.

Zviratidzo zvekuzara kwekushaya hanya zvinosanganisira: kunetseka kutsungirira pakuita mabasa kana zviitiko (kunyanya izvo zvisina kubatsira mukati), kuita zvikanganiso zvisina kuchenjerera pabasa kana mazuva ese, kusazvibata semunhu anoteerera paunotaura naye zvakananga, kutyora kutevedzera mirayiridzo kana kupedzisa mapurojekiti, kunetseka kunogara uchigadzirisa mabasa nekutonga nguva, kudzivisa kana kuramba mabasa anoda kuzama kwepfungwa kwakakwirira, kazhinji kurasikirwa nezvinhu zvinodiwa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva (makiyi, nharembozha, mariro, magwaro), kunopedzwa nyore nezvisina kufanira zvichibva pane pfungwa kana zvinoonekwa, nekukanganwa zvinhu zvakajairwa zvezuva nezuva semisangano, marongwa, kana kudzokera mafoni.

Zviratidzo zveHyperactivity nekuzvidzora zvinosanganisira: kuzvivharidzira kana kuzvishandura pazvinenge zvichidiwa kugara, kusiya chigaro chako munzvimbo umo kugara pachigaro kwakatarisirwa, kunzwa kusagadzikana kana kusagona kuzorora (muvanhu vakuru izvi zvinowanzowanikwa sechinhu chisina zororo mukati pane kufamba kwemuviri), kunetseka kuita zviitiko zvakanyarara, kunzwa uchishandisa simba kana "pa-iyo-kufamba" nguva yakawanda, kutaura zvakanyanya, kuburitsa mhinduro vasati vapedza mibvunzo, kunetseka kumirira kwekutendeuka kwako, nekunetsana kana kupindira pavanhu.

Kune vanhu vakuru vane makore 17 kana kupfuura, DSM 5 inoda zviratidzo zvishanu kana kupfuura muchikamu chimwe kana zviviri, zvichivapo kwemwedzi mitanhatu kana kupfuura, zvichionekwa munzvimbo dzinosvika mbiri (basa, imba, magariro), uye zvichikonzera kukanganiswa kwakajeka. Zvakakosha, zviratidzo zvinofanira kunge zvakavapo vasati vava nemakore 12 kunyange kana zvisina kumbobvumirwa kuva pachena.

Munhu wese anocherekedza zvimwe zvinhu izvi nguva nenguva. Chinosiyanisa ADHD kubva pakunetswa kwakajairika kuno: izvi zviratidzo zvinogara zvichivapo, zvinopinda munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzehupenyu, uye zvinokonzeresa matambudziko akaonekwa - kusapasa nguva dzemabasa, hukama hwakakanganisika, kusagadzikana pabasa, kusaidza pazvidzidzo - kwete kungonetsekana.

Kuti Zviratidzo Zvinoshanda Sei Zvichienderana Nezera uye Bonde

ADHD haitarisirwi zvakafanana nemunhu wese, uye kunzwisisa kuti zvinoshanda sei zvinogona kuchinja kuti unosvika sei pachako pamazwi aya.

Muvanhu, hyperactivity inowanzova chitarisiko chinonyanya kuoneka chemucheche asingagoni kugara pasi, anogara achifamba, anovhiringidza mukirasi. Kusvika pakuva munhu mukuru, hyperactivity iyi yomuviri inoshanduka kuva kusagadzikana kwepfungwa: pfungwa inomhanya, kunetseka kuzorora, kunzwa kusingaperi kwekunoda kuita chimwe chinhu. Vanhu vakuru vane ADHD vanowanzove vasinganyatso kusvetuka kubva pazvigaro zvavo uye vanowanzove vachitora nharembozha yavo masekonzi 90 ega ega kana kungofungisisa pakati pezvikamu zvishanu zvisina kupedzwa panguva yekukurukurirana.

Bonde rinokanganisawo zvinoshanda. Zvinyorwa zvekuzvidzora zveADHD zvakavakwa zvichibva pazvidzidzo zvevakomana - 81% murume mumwe nemumwe muzvidzidzo zvekutanga, zvichibva pane ongororo muJournal of Attention Disorders. Vakomana vanowanzova nezviratidzo zvekubuda kunze (hyperactivity, kuzvidzora, kutyora kwemaitiro), izvo zviri nyore kuonekwa mukirasi. Vasikana vanowanzova nezviratidzo zvekuzara kwekushaya hanya - kufunga nezvemafungiro, kusagadzikana, kunetseka kunyarara kuti uwane nhanho - izvo zvinowanzoonekwa nevadzidzisi nevabereki zvichitadza kuzviratidza.

Iyi ndiyo chimwe chezvikonzero chikuru nei vakadzi vachiongororwa gare gare muhupenyu. Pauduku, vakomana vanoongororwa nenhamba ye2 kusvika 3 nguva yevasikana. Asi pauduku, nhamba iyi inosvika 1:1, ichiratidza kuti vakadzi vazhinji vainazvo ADHD nguva dzose asi zvakanga zvangopotswa. Vakadzi vane ADHD vanowanzovewo vachiita zvikonzero zvekubatsira zvinovanza zviratidzo zvavo, uye vanowanzove vachiongororwa zvisina kururama neanxiety kana depression kutanga.

Kana uri mukadzi achiverenga izvi uchifunga "handienderane nemufananidzo wakajairika weADHD asi ndinoenderana nezviratidzo zvekuzara kwekushaya hanya" ndizvo zvakakodzera kuongorora. Mufananidzo wakajairika hauna kukwana, hausi mushumo wokupedzisira.

Zvisingagoni Kutaurwa NeSelf Assessments?

Iyi ndiyo apo vanhu vakawanda vanogumira, saka zvakakodzera kutsanangura zvishoma.

Hazvigoni kusiyanisa nezvakaipa. Zvirwere zvakawanda zvinoburitsa zviratidzo zvakafanana neADHD. Zvirwere zveGeneralised anxiety disorder zvinogona kukonzera kunetseka kwekunzwisisa, kusagadzikana, nekunetsana nekupedzisa mabasa. Depression inowanzosanganisira kusawana kwakanaka, kukanganwa, nekushaya simba. Zvirwere zveThyroid - kunyanya hyperthyroidism - zvinogona kutsveyamira ku hyperactivity nekushaya hanya. Zvirwere zevhura, kunyanya obstructive sleep apnea uye kushaya hope kwakakwirira, zvinokanganisa zvakananga pfungwa, ndangariro, nekudzora kuzvidzora. Zvakaipa zvekudzvinyirirwa (PTSD, complex PTSD) zvinogona kuonekwa nehypervigilance, kunetseka kwekunzwisisa, nekudzvinyirirwa kwekunzwa izvo zvinoonekwa zvakafanana neADHD zvakanyanya.

Chiyero chekuzviongororwa hachikwanisi kusiyanisa pakati peizvi. Chiremba anogona - kuburikidza nenyaya yakadzama, ruzivo rwekubatsira, uye dzimwe nguva kuongorora kwakawedzerwa.

Hazvigoni kuongorora kukwirira. Kuziva kuti une zviratidzo zvakasiyana nekuziva kuti zvinokanganisa sei hupenyu hwako. Vanhu vaviri vanogona kuwana zvakaenzana paASRS uye vane nhevedzo dzakasiyana dzekukanganiswa. Kukwirira kunoshandura rudzi rwekubatsira kwaunoda - kubva kune zvikonzero zvemaitiro kusvika kumishonga kusvika kune psychotherapy yakarongwa.

Hazvigoni kuverengera kusundidzira. Vanhu vakuru vazhinji - kunyanya vakadzi - vakapedza makore vachiita nzira dzekugadzirisa dzinovanza zviratidzo zvavo zveADHD. Vanogona kusawana zvibodzwa zvakakwirira pachikamu chekuzviongorora zvisina kururama nekuti vakadzidza kugadzirisa. Izvo hazvireve kuti ADHD haina kuvapo. Zvinoreva kuti chishandiso chekuongorora hachichibati nesimba rinodiwa kuchengetedza nhanho iyoyo yekushanda.

Zvekuita Nezvimiro Zvako

Kana uchipedzisa chishandiso chekuongorora chakavimbiswa uye zvibodzwa zvako zvichiratidza zviratidzo zvakafanana neADHD, danho rinotevera rakajeka: ropoka kuongorora nemunhu akakodzera. Izvo zvinoreva psychiatrist, psychologist, neurologist, kana mune dzimwe nguva primary care physician ane ruzivo muADHD.

Kana usati wagadzirira danho iroro, tanga kuchengeta chirongwa chezviratidzo. Kwemavhiki maviri kusvika matatu, nyora nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana umo pfungwa, kugadzirisa, kudzora kuzvidzora, kana kutonga nguva kwakakonzera matambudziko chaiwo. Sanganisira zvakaitika, zvakaitika papi, uye zvakakukanganisa sei. Rudzi urwu rwezirekodhi rakadzama runobatsira zvikuru paunotaurirana nemurapi - rinopa humbowo hwakajeka hunoita kuti hurukuro irambe ichifamba nekukurumidza.

Kana zvigumisiro zvekuongorora kwako zvisingarongorore ADHD, izvozvo zvakare ruzivo runobatsira. Zvinogona kukutendera kuti uongorore dzimwe tsananguro - anxiety, depression, burnout, zvinetso zvezvinhu - izvo zvakakodzera kuchengetwa muzvinhu zvazvo. Kwete dambudziko rese rekutarisa ndeye ADHD, uye kuriramba kwakakodzera sezvazvakafanana nekuzvisimbisa.

Chero zvazvingaitika, kutora nguva yekuzviongorora wega zvausingazvidzori hakuna kurasikirwa. Ndiwo mushandirapamwe wekunzwisisa zviri kutaurwa chaizvo nezvezvinhu - kunyange kana zvazvo zvazvo zvazvo zvichazoonekwa seADHD kana chimwe chinhu chachose zvachose.

Regai kufungidzira uye tanga kuziva - ichi chekuongorora chemahara che ADHD che online neAugust AI chinokupa chitarisiko chakajeka chezviratidzo zvako zvakavanzika.